Factors Associated with Acute Respiratory Infections in Children Aged 0 - 5 Years in the Yénawa District of Cotonou (Benin) in 2023

Introduction: Acute respiratory infections remain one of the main causes of mortality in children aged 0 to 5. This work aimed to study the associated factors with the occurrence of acute respiratory infections in children 0 to 5 years old in Yénawa, Cotonou in 2023. Subjects and Method: It was an analytical cross-sectional study of children aged 0 - 5 years and their mothers in Yénawa, selected by four-degree random sampling. The sampling size, calculated using the Schwartz formula, was 126 children and 126 mothers. The dependent variable was the occurrence of acute respiratory infections. The independent variables were classified into four groups: socio-demographic and economic characteristics, behavioral factors, child-related factors, and environmental factors. Data collected by observation and questionnaire survey were analyzed using STATA version 15 software. Associated factors were investigated by bivariate analysis and multiple logistic regression, at the 5% significance level. Results: A total of 126 children aged 0 - 5 years and 126 mothers were surveyed, aged 23.5 (11 - 36) months and 30 (18 - 48) years respectively. The prevalence of acute respiratory infections was 74.60% (CI95% = 66.89 to 82.30). The associated factors were the mother’s age between 18 and 28 (OR = 10.77;CI95% = 1.89 to 61.27;p = 0.007), the use of charcoal/wood for cooking (OR = 7.36;IC = 1.99 to 27.10;p = 0.003)), children's poor personal hygiene (OR = 8.87;IC = 2.92 to 26.97;p 0.001)), and cohabitation with domestic animals (OR = 7.27;IC = 1.67 to 31.71;p = 0.015). Conclusion: Communicating with mothers about the factors identified will help reduce the prevalence of acute respiratory infections in children aged 0 to 5.

Screening of Anti-Infectives against Leishmania donovani

Aim: To evaluate in vitro the effectiveness of several anti-infective agents alone and in combination against Leishmania donovani. Method: A convenient stratified sampling method was used to obtain selected anti-infective agents. For individual drug samples, Half Maximal Inhibitory Concentrations (IC50) were obtained using the broth dilution method. The IC50’s of the drugs which were active against L. donovani were used as reference values to prepare drug combinations for the modified microdilution checkerboard method. Results: Five (5) out of the fifty-six (56) drugs used showed activity (inhibition of cell growth) against L. donovani cells. They include Quinine sulphate (IC50 = 0.089 μg/ml), gentamicin (IC50 = 8.1 μg/ml), amodiaquine (IC50 = 138 μg/ml) and the two standard drugs: Amphotericin B (IC50 = 6.3 μg/ml) and Pentamidine (IC50 = 25 μg/ml). The remaining fifty-one (51) drugs did not show any inhibition within the range of concentrations used (1.25 - 160 μg/ml). The drug combinations of Pentamidine/Amodiaquine, Pentamidine/ Quinine sulphate, Pentamidine/Gentamicin, Amphotericin B/Quinine Sulphate, Amphotericin B/ Gentamicin, Amodiaquine/Quinine sulphate and Amodiaquine/Gentamicin showed synergistic effects against L. donovani whereas the Amphotericin B/Amodiaquine combination was antagonistic. Notable in the results obtained was the high effectiveness of quinine sulphate in inhibiting the growth of L. donovani. Quinine sulphate, though not indicated for leishmania treatment, was more effective than the two standard drugs and has a potential of playing a significant role in the treatment of leishmaniasis. Conclusion: This study has revealed five (5) anti-infective agents that by themselves or in combinations show activity against L. donovani. Some of the drug combinations which showed synergism should further be investigated. These results have to be confirmed by in vivo studies to define their roles in leishmaniasis treatment.

血清胃蛋白酶原、胃泌素-17在鸡皮样胃炎中的应用研究

目的:探究血清胃蛋白酶原、胃泌素-17(G-17)在鸡皮样胃炎中的应用价值。方法:选取2023年1—10月赣州市人民医院收治的80例内镜下发现鸡皮样胃炎及^(14)C呼气试验阳性患者作为观察组,另选择本院同期80例体检健康者作为对照组。比较两组胃蛋白酶原Ⅰ(PGⅠ)、胃蛋白酶原Ⅱ(PGⅡ)、G-17的水平。观察组进行抗鸡皮样胃炎幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染治疗,评估观察组治疗后预后情况,根据^(14)C呼气试验结果分为预后良好组和预后不良组,分析两组的血清胃蛋白酶原及G-17。分析血清胃蛋白酶原、G-17联合检测对鸡皮样胃炎的诊断价值。结果:观察组PGⅠ、PGR、G-17表达值均低于对照组(P<0.05),两组PGⅡ表达水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,预后良好组PGⅠ、PGR、G-17水平明显高于预后不良组(P<0.05)。PGⅠ、PGR、G-17联合检测的敏感度和特异度均高于PGⅠ、PGR、G-17单项检测。结论:血清胃蛋白酶原、G-17、^(14)C呼气试验检测在鸡皮样胃炎的临床诊断中都具有一定的价值,通过检测胃蛋白酶原、G-17可评估患者的临床治疗效果,且G-17和胃蛋白酶原联合检测对鸡皮样胃炎具有较高的诊断价值。

基于血清抗-HBc定量建立慢性HBV感染者显著肝组织病理学改变的无创诊断模型

目的建立慢性HBV感染者显著肝组织病理学改变的诊断模型,并评估模型的诊断价值。方法选取2011年12月—2017年12月在上海市公共卫生临床中心肝胆内科住院并进行肝活检且未经抗病毒治疗的457例慢性HBV感染者,收集患者的肝活检病理结果及常规实验室指标,并进行抗-HBc定量检测。依据Scheuer方法进行炎症分级(G)及纤维化分期(S),分为显著与非显著肝坏死性炎症、肝纤维化和肝损伤组。根据单因素分析和多因素logistic回归分析构建预测显著肝坏死性炎症、显著肝纤维化和显著肝损伤的数学模型,并与FIB-4、GPR、APRI、RPR利用ROC曲线分析评估模型的预测性能,根据ROC曲线下面积(AUC)比较诊断价值。结果457例患者中显著肝坏死性炎症(G≥2)178例,非显著肝坏死性炎症(G<2)279例,显著肝纤维化(S≥2)248例,非显著肝纤维化(S<2)209例,显著肝损伤(G≥2或/和S≥2)264例,非显著肝坏死性炎症(G<2和S<2)193例。根据单因素分析和多因素logistic回归分析结果,分别建立由抗-HBc、AST、PLT、TTR等指标组成的预测显著肝坏死性炎症的数学模型M-SHN,由抗-HBc、PLT、ChE、TTR、性别等指标组成的预测显著肝纤维化的数学模型M-SHF,及由抗-HBc、PLT、TTR、性别等指标组成的预测显著肝损伤的数学模型M-SHI,并通过ROC曲线分析各模型的预测价值,M-SHN模型的AUC为0.826(95%CI:0.788~0.860),M-SHF模型的AUC为0.776(95%CI:0.735~0.814),M-SHI模型的AUC为0.789(95%CI:0.748~0.825)。结论基于患者常规实验室指标及血清抗-HBc定量,建立了M-SHN、M-SHF、M-SHI模型,对于显著肝坏死性炎症、显著肝纤维化、显著肝损伤有较为可靠的预测价值,可帮助临床评估患者是否需要进行抗病毒治疗。

Bacillus velezensis G-1·脂肽悬浮种衣剂的制备及其对高粱丝黑穗病菌的防侵染效果

为筛选出可有效抑制高粱丝黑穗病菌侵染高粱根部组织的生防微生物与天然产物,并在此基础上开发出便于在生产上推广应用的微生物悬浮种衣剂。本研究以晋杂2001号高粱为试验材料,选择试验室保藏的3株优秀抗病细菌和脂肽物质,首先通过种子萌发和活体侵染率测定试验明确了不同拮抗细菌和脂肽物质对高粱丝黑穗病菌的防侵染效果和较优使用浓度,随后以优选菌株和脂肽物质为活性成分进行了悬浮种衣剂配方优化、种衣剂较优使用量及贮藏稳定性研究,并在盆栽条件下测定了悬浮种衣剂对高粱丝黑穗病菌的防侵染效果。研究结果表明:Bacillus velezensis G-1及其次级代谢产物(脂肽)对高粱丝黑穗病菌侵染高粱根部组织具有良好抑制效果,较优使用浓度分别为1.0×10^(9)cfu mL^(–1)和600μg mL^(–1),且对晋杂2001号高粱种子萌发无显著抑制作用(P>0.05);B.velezensis G-1·脂肽悬浮种衣剂的较优配方为菌株G-1悬浮液(1.0×10^(11)cfu mL^(–1))5 mL、脂肽物质(8 mg mL^(–1))5 mL、羧甲基纤维素钠4 g、海藻酸钠0.6 g、分散剂MF 4 g、FeSO_(4)·7H_(2)O 0.2 g、MgSO_(4)·7H_(2)O 1 g、K_(2)HPO_(4)·3H_(2)O 0.5 g、色浆4 g,水补足100 g;B.velezensis G-1·脂肽悬浮种衣剂的较优使用量为25 g包装1 kg高粱种子,且对高粱丝黑穗病菌的盆栽侵染抑制率为87.74%;此外,B.velezensis G-1·脂肽悬浮种衣剂还对高粱幼苗生长表现出较好促生作用,并具有良好贮藏稳定性,常温下避光贮藏12个月后防侵染效果仅下降1.63%。说明B.velezensis G-1·脂肽悬浮种衣剂在高粱丝黑穗病绿色防控技术推广应用中具有良好应用前景。

High prevalence of hepatitis B-antibody loss and a case report of de novo hepatitis B virus infection in a child after living-donor liver transplantation

AIM To assess the seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus(HBV) immunity among previously vaccinated pediatric liver transplant recipients and present a case report of de novo hepatitis B infection after liver transplantation.METHODS This study focused on children with chronic liver diseases who received primary hepatitis B immunization and had a complete dataset of anti-HBs before and after liver transplantation between May 2001 and June 2017. Medical records were retrospectively reviewed for potential factors relating to HBV immunity loss. RESULTS In total, 50 children were recruited. The mean time from liver transplantation to anti-HBs testing was 2.53 ± 2.11 years. The mean anti-HBs levels before and after liver transplantation were 584.41 ± 415.45 and 58.56 ± 6.40 IU/L, respectively. The rate of nonimmunity(anti-HBs < 10 IU/L) in the participants was 46%(n = 26) at one year, 57%(n = 7) at two years and 82%(n = 17) at > three years following liver transplantation. The potential factors relating to HBV immunity loss after liver transplantation were identified as anti-HBs(P = 0.002), serum albumin(P = 0.04), total bilirubin(P = 0.001) and direct bilirubin(P = 0.003) before liver transplantation. A five-year-old boy with biliary cirrhosis received 4 doses of HBV vaccine with an anti-HBs titer of > 1000 IU/L and underwent liver transplantation; his anti-HBc-negative father was the donor. After liver transplantation, the boy had stenosis of the hepatic artery up to the inferior vena cava anastomosis and underwent venoplasty three times. He also received subcutaneous injections of enoxaparin for 5 mo and 20 transfusions of blood components. Three years and ten months after the liver transplantation, transaminitis was detected with positive tests for HBs Ag, HBe Ag, and anti-HBc(2169.61, 1706 and 8.45, respectively; cutoff value: < 1.00) and an HBV viral load of 33212320 IU/mL.CONCLUSION The present study showed that loss of hepatitis B immunity after liver transplantation is unexpectedly common. In our case report, despite high levels of antiHBs prior to transplantation, infection occurred at a time when, unfortunately, the child had lost immunity to hepatitis B after liver transplantation.

炎症性肠病患者应用抗TNF-α单抗发生结核风险的研究进展

炎症性肠病(IBD)是一种胃肠道慢性非特异性复发性炎症性疾病。抗肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)单抗的出现极大地改善了IBD患者的预后,但同时也增加了患者发生活动性结核的风险。中国是结核高负担国家,临床医生应高度重视抗TNF-α单抗导致结核的风险。该文回顾了潜伏性结核感染及再激活的机制、抗TNF-α单抗导致结核的风险,以及国内外指南的诊疗推荐,期望能为合并潜伏性结核感染的IBD患者在应用抗TNF-α单抗时提供一些参考依据。

血清成纤维生长因子-23/抗衰老基因Klotho、辅助性T淋巴细胞1/辅助性T淋巴细胞2细胞因子在老年终末期肾病患者中的表达及对医院感染的预测和预后的影响

目的观察血清成纤维生长因子-23(fibroblast growth factor 23,FGF23)/抗衰老基因Klotho、辅助性T淋巴细胞(helper T lymphocytes,Th)1/Th2细胞因子在老年终末期肾病患者中的表达,并分析对医院感染的预测和预后的影响。方法选取2021年1月1日至2022年12月31日自贡市精神卫生中心(自贡市老年病医院)收治的106例老年终末期肾病患者,男65例,年龄范围60~84岁,年龄(67.21±3.07)岁,女41例,年龄范围60~84岁,年龄(67.65±2.98)岁,于入院第2天检测血清FGF23、抗衰老基因Klotho、Th1细胞因子[γ干扰素(interferon-γ,IFN-γ)、白介素2(interleukin-2,IL-2)]、Th2细胞因子(IL-4、IL-10)水平,进行急性生理功能及慢性健康状况评分Ⅱ(acute physiology and chronic health status scoring systemⅡ,APACHEⅡ)评估。根据住院期间是否发生医院感染分为感染组(28例)、未感染组(78例),比较两组各项血清指标及APACHEⅡ评分水平,分析各项指标与APACHEⅡ评分的相关性。随访3个月统计患者生存预后[生存(71例)、死亡(35例)],比较不同预后患者血清FGF23、Klotho、IFN-γ、IL-2、IL-4、IL-10水平,分析各项指标对医院感染及预后的预测价值及临床效用。结果106例老年终末期肾病患者根据住院期间是否发生医院感染分为感染组(28例)、未感染组(78例),随访3个月后生存71例、死亡35例。入院第2天感染组血清FGF23、IL-4、IL-10水平及APACHEⅡ评分分别为(78.64±20.16)ng/mL、(20.14±1.48)μg/L、(22.47±2.56)μg/L、(26.38±6.51)分,未感染组分别为(60.17±16.83)ng/mL、(16.25±1.21)μg/L、(19.52±1.86)μg/L、(22.97±6.45)分,感染组血清FGF23、IL-4、IL-10水平及APACHEⅡ评分均高于未感染组(P<0.05);入院第2天感染组血清Klotho、IFN-γ、IL-2水平分别为(34.95±12.62)ng/mL、(22.19±1.69)μg/L、(28.73±2.95)μg/L,未感染组分别为(51.61±16.08)ng/mL、(25.31±1.74)μg/L、(33.95±1.52)μg/L,感染组血清Klotho、IFN-γ、IL-2水平均低于未感染组(P<0.05);血清FGF23、IL-4、IL-10水平与APACHEⅡ评分呈正相关(相关系数r=0.629、0.597、0.612,P均<0.05),血清Klotho、IFN-γ、IL-2水平与APACHEⅡ评分呈负相关(相关系数r=-0.632、-0.718、-0.701、0.597,P均<0.05);死亡患者入组后1个月血清FGF23、IL-10、IL-4水平分别为(77.49±21.85)ng/mL、(24.76±4.77)μg/L、(24.81±6.28)μg/L,生存患者分别为(58.92±16.94)ng/mL、(18.10±3.82)μg/L、(13.57±4.38)μg/L,死亡患者入组后1个月血清FGF23、IL-10、IL-4水平高于生存患者(P<0.05);死亡患者入组后1个月血清Klotho、IFN-γ、IL-2水平分别为(30.03±11.76)ng/mL、(20.33±2.63)μg/L、(27.19±4.91)μg/L,生存患者分别为(55.68±17.02)ng/mL、(26.54±4.79)μg/L、(35.22±5.64)μg/L,死亡患者入组后1个月血清Klotho、IFN-γ、IL-2水平低于生存患者(P<0.05);血清FGF23、Klotho、IFN-γ、IL-2、IL-4、IL-10预测终末期老年肾病患者发生医院感染、生存预后曲线下面积分别为0.904(OR:0.832~0.953)、0.911(OR:0.840~0.958),且具有良好临床效用(P<0.05)。结论老年终末期肾病患者血清FGF23/Klotho、Th1/Th2细胞因子水平失衡,合并感染患者血清FGF23、IL-10、IL-4水平异常升高,血清Klotho、IFN-γ、IL-2水平表达降低,联合血清FGF23/Klotho、Th1/Th2细胞因子预测医院感染、评估预后的价值较高。

Studies on Mutual Relationship between Anti-HBx and sFas, IL-10 or IL-12 in Sera of Cases with Chronic Hepatitis B Infection

Objective To study the mutual relationship between anti-HBx and IL-10, IL-12 or soluble Fas(s Fas) in sera of patients with chronic HBV infection and to explore the importance of anti-HBx detection as well as its role in the development of chronic HBV infection.Methods Total of 90 cases with chronic HBV infection were randomly selected, including 10 of asymptomatic carriers(ASC), 28 of chronic hepatitis B(CHB), 26 of liver cirrhosis(LC) and 26 patients of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). Their clinical data and blood samples were collected, and serum was prepared and stored at-73℃. Anti-HBx was detected with an indirect ELISA established in our earlier research, and levels of IL-10, IL-12 and Fas were determined with commercial double-antibody sandwich ELISA kits. The mutual relationship between anti-HBx and IL-10, IL-12 or s Fas in serum were analyzed with the software SPSS 20.0. Results All levels of IL-10, IL-12 and s Fas in peripheral blood showed a rising trend with development of chronic HBV infection. The levels of IL-10 in ASC, CHB, LC and HCC groups were 13.93 ± 14.40 ng/L, 39.38 ± 20.77 ng/L, 69.06 ± 46.37 ng/L and 62.82 ± 23.42 ng/L, respectively, levels of IL-12 in the 4 groups were 15.64 ± 23.04 ng/L, 68.50 ± 23.14 ng/L, 76.83 ± 12.82 ng/L and 83.74 ± 24.88 ng/L, respectively, and levels of s Fas were 58.17 ± 77.42 ng/L, 179.88 ± 104.36 ng/L, 249.22 ± 107.80 ng/L and 252.98 ± 87.65 ng/L, respectively. Twenty-seven out of 90 patients showed a positive result for anti-HBx detection, including 1 in ASC, 4 in CHB, 12 in LC and 10 in HCC group. The levels of IL-10, IL-12 and sF as were higher in anti-HBx positive group than in negative group. Statistical analysis demonstrated significant differences of IL-10 and IL-12 between the two groups(P < 0.05), but the differences of s Fas had no statistical significance(P = 0.094). Conclusions Anti-HBx antibody is not protective, and is closely related to IL-10, IL-12 and s Fas. It may be an important serum indicator for aggravation from chronic hepatitis B to liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic HBV infection.

Study on Anti-infection Effect of Polysaccharide from Agaricus blazei Murrill on Mice

In order to study the anti-infection effect of phoshporylated Agaricus blazei polysaccharide on mice, mice were drenched phoshporylated A. blazei polysaccharide for 14 d, and an A. blazei polysaccharide control group and a blank control group were also set. The mice in all the three groups were infected with Escherichia coli on the 15 th day and the 29 th day of the experiment, the body weight of the mice in each group was recorded, as well as the spleen index on the 29 th day of infection and the 36 th day of the experiment, and the anti- E. coli titer in serum was also detected. The results showed that phoshporylated A. blazei polysaccharide could promote and maintain the development of spleen, and improve the immune response of organisms, thereby resisting bacterial infection. Furthermore, phoshporylated A. blazei polysaccharide has better immunoregulation and anti-infection effects than A. blazei polysaccharide, and could play an important role in veterinary clinical treatment and prevention and control of diseases as a immunologic adjuvant or immunopotentiator.

基于UPLC-MS/MS法测定化妆品中31种抗感染类药物含量的不确定度评定

目的:通过对化妆品中31中抗感染药物含量检测的不确定度评定,分析对抗感染药物定量检测产生影响的相关因素。方法:根据《化妆品安全技术规范》(2015年版)中化妆品中抗感染类药物的检测方法,按照JJF 1059.1—2012《测量不确定度评定与表示》和JJF 1135—2005《化学分析测量不确定度评定》中的有关规定,建立UPLC-MS/MS法测定化妆品中31种抗感染药物含量的不确定度数学模型,并对不确定度来源进行分析和评定。结果:标准物质本身的不确定度和标准工作溶液的配制过程是该方法的测量不确定度主要来源。结论:评定结果可作为化妆品中抗感染药物的测定提供理论参考。

UPLC-MS/MS法同时测定化妆品中47种抗感染类药物

建立超高效液相色谱串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS)同时测定三种基质(水剂、乳剂、膏霜)化妆品中47种抗感染类药物的分析方法。样品加饱和氯化钠使分散,经甲醇超声提取后上机检测,各组分以基质标准曲线外标法定量。结果47种抗感染类药物在各自线性浓度范围内线性关系良好,检出限为0.02~0.47 mg/kg,定量限为0.10~2.37 mg/kg,3个加标水平平均回收率为80.7%~119.8%,相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于10%。本法具有预处理简便,响应度高,准确可靠等优点,可用于化妆品中47种抗感染类药物快速准确地定性筛查与定量测定。

高效液相色谱-高分辨率四级杆-飞行时间质谱法测定祛痘类化妆品中20种非法添加抗感染类药物

目的:建立了采用高效液相色谱-高分辨率四级杆-飞行时间质谱(HPLC-Q-TOP-MS)法,检测祛痘类化妆品中20种非法添加抗感染类药物的方法。方法:采用Agilent EC-C18色谱柱(3.0×150 mm,2.7μm);流动相为乙腈-0.1%冰醋酸溶液,梯度洗脱;流速为0.3 mL/min;柱温为35℃;电喷雾电离源,正离子模式,根据MassHunter软件提取的保留时间、母离子、碎片离子精确质量等数据,在PCDL软件中构建了非法添加抗感染类药物的筛查数据库。结果:氯霉素和螺内酯在质量浓度100~5000ng/mL范围内,其余18种抗感染药物在质量浓度50~5000 ng/mL范围内线性关系良好(r>0.99),检出限为0.01~0.20μg/g,定量限为0.05~0.80μg/g,回收率为83.7%~108.8%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.2%~8.1%。结论:本法操作简单、准确可靠,适用于祛痘类化妆品中20种抗感染药物的快速筛查,为祛痘类化妆品的安全监管提供了强有力的技术支撑。

Research progress on anti-infection therapy for sepsis in children

Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response caused by infection and a critical illness in pediatrics. This disease is the leading cause of death in infants and children worldwide. An early, appropriate, and adequate anti-infective treatment can effectively prevent disease progression and improve the survival rate of children. However, antimicrobial drug abuse, increased drug-resistant bacteria, and lack of epidemiological data have hampered the effective and rational anti-infective treatment of patients with sepsis and enhancement of the success rate of rescue, especially for children. This article briefly reviews the recent advances in anti-infective treatment for sepsis in children at home and abroad based on sepsis definition, pathogen distribution and drug resistance, infection source control, and rational anti-infection. The results provide a foundation for clinical treatment of sepsis.

基于3,5-二溴水杨醛席夫碱镍配合物-氧化石墨烯电化学免疫传感器检测Anti-IgG含量的研究

应用物理吸附法将羊抗人IgG抗原直接固定于3,5-二溴水杨醛席夫碱镍配合物-氧化石墨烯修饰的金电极表面,制备电化学免疫传感器。采用循环伏安法和交流阻抗法对传感器进行表征,结果表明该传感器适合检测Anti-IgG浓度。同时探讨了缓冲液pH值、扫描速度、免疫反应温度、抗原与抗体配比对循环伏安峰电流的影响,结果表明在5-100mV/s扫速范围内,峰电流与扫速呈线性。孵育最优条件为25℃,h-IgG与Anti-IgG配比为1∶1。循环伏安法研究还表明Anti-IgG浓度在0.01-260μg/L范围内,线性关系良好,相关系数r^2=0.993,检出限（S/N=3）为0.006μg/L,据此建立了检测Anti-IgG浓度的新方法。

信号分子IRAK1/4在antiβ-2GPI/β2GPI复合物诱导THP-1细胞表达TF中的作用探讨

目的:探讨IRAK1和IRAK4在antiβ-2GPI/β2GPI复合物诱导单核细胞株THP-1表达组织因子(TF)中的作用。方法:利用荧光定量PCR(Real-time PCR)、TF活性试剂盒分别检测THP-1细胞表达TF mRNA及TF活性;Western blot检测anti-β2GPI/β2GPI复合物诱导THP-1细胞表达IRAK1、磷酸化-IRAK1(p-IRAK1)、IRAK4情况;观察IRAK1/4抑制物是否干预anti-β2GPI/β2GPI复合物诱导THP-1表达TF。结果:Antiβ-2GPI/β2GPI复合物(100μg/ml)诱导THP-1细胞表达TF显著增加(P<0.05 vs control);Antiβ-2GPI/β2GPI复合物(100μg/ml)刺激THP-1细胞表达IRAK1、p-IRAK1、IRAK4(蛋白)显著升高(P<0.05 vscontrol);IRAK1/4抑制物(50μmol/L)能够阻断antiβ-2GPI/β2GPI复合物(100μg/ml)诱导THP-1表达TF及IRAK1磷酸化的效应。结论:antiβ-2GPI/β2GPI复合物诱导THP-1细胞表达TF过程中,信号分子IRAK1/4被激活进而发挥重要作用。

抗IFN-γ自身抗体相关非结核分枝杆菌感染研究进展

抗IFN-γ自身抗体引起成人免疫缺陷,从而导致机会性致病菌感染,是最近出现的医学问题。非结核分枝杆菌(NTM)感染是抗IFN-γ自身抗体阳性患者最常见的感染,近年来抗IFN-γ自身抗体相关的NTM感染不断增多。本文就抗IFN-γ自身抗体相关NTM感染的致病机制、NTM物种、临床表现及免疫调节辅助治疗等方面作一综述,为临床医生进一步了解此病,避免误诊和漏诊,并在合理治疗等方面提供帮助。

8-羟基喹啉衍生物作为潜在的艰难梭菌抗生素的设计、合成和活性评价

目的 艰难梭菌感染(CDI)目前治疗措施主要包括抗生素疗法、粪菌移植疗法等,其治疗后存在较高的复发率,需寻求一种更有效的替代疗法。方法 本研究基于有前景的8-羟基喹啉骨架,设计、合成了一系列8-羟基喹啉衍生物。结果 针对艰难梭菌的活性测试表明,多数分子对艰难梭菌具有良好的抑菌作用,其中化合物6f显示出较强的杀伤艰难梭菌活性。结论 本研究发现了新型具有抗艰难梭菌的8-羟基喹啉衍生物,可作为良好的先导化合物进一步研发。

三维Anti de Sitter空间中Lorentzian曲面的S_t^1×S_s^1-值光锥Gauss映射的奇点分类

利用Arnol'd的Legendrian理论,对三维Anti de Sitter空间中Lorentzian曲面进行了研究.引入光维高度函数概念研究了三维Anti de Sitter空间Lorentzian曲面的S1t×S1s-值、光锥Gauss映射的奇点,进行了奇点分类,揭示了类光Causs-kronecker曲率之间的关系;并研究了Lorentzian曲面的一些基本几何性质.

Baseline HBV Load Increases the Risk of Anti-tuberculous Drug-induced Hepatitis Flares in Patients with Tuberculosis

Hepatitis associated anti-tuberculous treatment（HATT） has been a main obstacle in managing patients co-infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and hepatitis B virus（HBV）. Therefore, we evaluated the factors related to the severity of adverse effects during HATT, especially those associated with liver failure. A retrospective study was carried out at Tongji Hospital from 2007 to 2012. Increases in serum transaminase levels of 〉3, 5, and 10 times the upper limit of normal（ULN） were used to define liver damage as mild, moderate, and severe, respectively. Patients with elevated total bilirubin（TBil） levels that were more than 10 times the ULN（〉171 μmol/L） with or without decreased（〈40%） prothrombin activity（PTA） were diagnosed with liver failure. A cohort of 87 patients was analyzed. The incidence of liver damage and liver failure was 59.8%（n=52） and 25.3%（n=22）, respectively. The following variables were correlated with the severity of hepatotoxicity： albumin（ALB） levels, PTA, platelet counts（PLT）, and the use of antiretroviral therapies（P〈0.05）. Hypo-proteinemia and antiretroviral therapy were significantly associated with liver failure, and high viral loads were a significant risk factor with an odds ratio（OR） of 2.066. Judicious follow-up of clinical conditions, liver function tests, and coagulation function, especially in patients with high HBV loads and hypoalbuminemia is recommended. It may be advisable to reconsider the use of antiviral drugs failure during the course of anti-tuberculous treatment of HBV infection patients to avoid the occurrence of furious liver failure.