Background Dimethylaminoethanol has been widely used to fight against wrinkles, in the field of aesthetic medicine there is an increasing demand for safe and effective Dimethylaminoethanol-based products to counteract...Background Dimethylaminoethanol has been widely used to fight against wrinkles, in the field of aesthetic medicine there is an increasing demand for safe and effective Dimethylaminoethanol-based products to counteract the ageing process. Objective To evaluate the anti- ageing effects of a new DMAE- based formulation. Methods 30 male rats were randomly allocated into treatment,D-gal ageing modeland control groups, each of which contained ten rats.Treatment group and D- gal ageing model group were subcutaneously injected with D- galactose prepared in normal saline 125mg·kg-1·d-1for 42 d. Control groups were injected with normal saline for42 d with same method and dose. From the 18 th day,after shaving their hair,the treatment grouprats were injected thisnew DMAE-based formulation at a dose of 1ml per week for 4 weeks in the Dermis of two sides hip skin mark zone.Meanwhile,D-gal ageing model group rats were administrated the same volume of normal saline with same method. Skin specimens were obtained 3days after the last treatment. Dermal collagen density and dermal thickness were evaluated by H&E and Massontrichrome staining. And m RNA expressions of TGFβ1, Smad3, Type I,Type III Pro-collagen,TIMP-1,MMP- 1,were assessed by Real- time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results Dermal thickness, dermal collagen density and hydroxyproline content in treatment group increased significantly comparing with D- gal ageing model group. No differences were found in m RNA expression of MMP- 1 and Type III Pro- collagen between the treatment group and D- gal ageing model group. In addition, m RNA expression of TGFβ1, Type I Pre-collagen, TIMP1 and smad3 in treatment group were significantly up- regulated in contrast with D- gal ageing model and control group. Conclusion This new DMAE- based formulationcould generate anti- ageing effects by activating collagen synthesisthrough TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway.展开更多
Introduction: The use of growth factors and cytokines in skin rejuvenation and reversal of photo ageing is a novel anti-ageing treatment. These factors provide a microenvironment that seems to favor tissue repair and ...Introduction: The use of growth factors and cytokines in skin rejuvenation and reversal of photo ageing is a novel anti-ageing treatment. These factors provide a microenvironment that seems to favor tissue repair and regeneration. Methods: An open label, monocentric, single arm study to evaluate anti-ageing efficacy of conditioned medium obtained from adult human bone-marrow derived allogenic mesenchymal stromal cells (BMMSC) along with excipients formulated into a cosmetic serum, was conducted in 40 Indian female population aged 35 to 60 years, belonging to skin type IV - VI of Norwood Scale for a duration of 90 days. Parameters—fine lines, wrinkles, crow’s feet, evenness of skin tone, skin firmness/laxity, hydration of skin, homogeneity of age spots, and visible pores were used to evaluate the anti-ageing and rejuvenating properties of the test product. Results and Discussion: Improvement was seen in majority of parameters starting from 15 - 30 days. Product was safe and well tolerated as per the dermatologist and subjects’ self-assessment.展开更多
Ergothioneine,Ovothiol,and Selenoneine are sulfur/selenium-containing histidine-derived natural products widely distributed across different organisms.They exhibit significant antioxidant properties,making them as pot...Ergothioneine,Ovothiol,and Selenoneine are sulfur/selenium-containing histidine-derived natural products widely distributed across different organisms.They exhibit significant antioxidant properties,making them as potential lead compounds for promoting health.Increasing evidence suggests that Ergothioneine is positively correlated with healthy ageing and longevity.The mechanisms underlying Ergothioneine's regulation of the ageing process at cellular and molecular levels are beginning to be understood.In this review,we provide an in-depth and extensive coverage of the anti-ageing studies on Ergothioneine and discuss its possible intracellular targeting pathways.In addition,we highlight the recent efforts in elucidating the biosynthetic details for Ergothioneine,Ovothiol,and Selenoneine,with a particular focus on the study of their pharmacophore-forming enzymology.展开更多
Boron is an ambitious fuel in energetic materials since its high heat release values,but its application is prohibited by low combustion efficiency and oxidization during storage.The polydopamine(PDA)was introduced in...Boron is an ambitious fuel in energetic materials since its high heat release values,but its application is prohibited by low combustion efficiency and oxidization during storage.The polydopamine(PDA)was introduced into boron particles,investigating the impact of PDA content on the energetic behavior of boron.The results indicated that the PDA coating formed a fishing net structure on the surface of boron particles.The heat release results showed that the combustion calorific value of B@PDA was higher than that of the raw boron.Specifically,the actual combustion heat of boron powder in B@10%PDA increased by 38.08%.Meanwhile,the DSC peak temperature decreased by 100.65℃under similar oxidation rate compared to raw boron.Simultaneously,the B@PDA@AP and B@AP composites were prepared,and their combustion properties were evaluated.It was demonstrated that B@10%PDA@AP exhibited superior performance in terms of peak pressure and burning time,respectively.The peak pressure is 12.43 kPa more than B@AP and burning time is 2.22 times higher than B@AP.Therefore,the coating of PDA effectively inhibits the oxidization of boron during storage and enhances the energetic behavior of boron and corresponding composites.展开更多
Objective:To explore the anti-aging effects of chlorogenic acid(CGA)and the underlying mechanisms based on a Caenorhabditis elegans(C.elegans)model.Methods:The anti-agingactivityofCGAwasstudied basedon thebodylength,e...Objective:To explore the anti-aging effects of chlorogenic acid(CGA)and the underlying mechanisms based on a Caenorhabditis elegans(C.elegans)model.Methods:The anti-agingactivityofCGAwasstudied basedon thebodylength,exercisebehavior,lipofuscin content,antioxidative stress ability,swallowing frequency,body-bending frequency,and head-swinging ability of C.elegans.Through DAF-16 nuclear translocation and SOD-3-GFP fluorescence experiments,the effects of CGA on ROS levels,antioxidant enzyme activities,MDA content,mutant-strain lifespan,and anti-aging molecular signaling pathways were explored,as well as the underlying mechanisms.Results:CGA improved multiple indices of the nematode:body length was increased(all P<0.001),head-swing frequency and body-bending frequency were increased(all P<0.05),nematode longevity was prolonged(P=0.0021),lipofuscin deposition in nematodes was slowed down(all P<0.001),the chemotaxis index was improved(P=0.0012),ROS levels were reduced(all P<.001),and SOD activity and MDA content were reduced(SOD:P=0.0017 between the low-concentration group and the control group,P<.001 between the high-concentration and medium-concentration groups and the control group;MDA:P=0.0135 between the low-concentration group and the control group,and P<0.001 between the high-concentration and medium-concentration groups and the control group).In addition,CGA also activated the DAF-16 transcription factor,promoted DAF-16 nuclear translocation under oxidative stress conditions(both P<0.001 between the high-concentration and medium-concentration groups and the control group),and increased SOD-3 gene expression in nematodes(all P<0.001).Conclusion:CGA plays an anti-aging role in C.elegans.The underlying mechanisms include activation of the insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway and enhancement of DAF-16 activity.This study lays a foundation for further research into the anti-aging effects of CGA.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to explore the potential of the development and application of Paecilomyces hepiali,a fungus with edible and medicinal value,as a foodborne antioxidant and anti-aging agent.Its n-butanol ...The purpose of this study was to explore the potential of the development and application of Paecilomyces hepiali,a fungus with edible and medicinal value,as a foodborne antioxidant and anti-aging agent.Its n-butanol extract(PHE)from rice cultures was selected for anti-aging experiment because of significant free radical scavenging activity in vitro.In vivo,PHE could significantly prolong the mean lifespan,50%survival days,and the maximum lifespan of Drosophila on a high-fat diet.It is amazing that the mean lifespan increased from 19.1 days to 32.9 days,50%survival days increased from 15.7 days to 34.3 days,and the maximum lifespan extended from 44.7 days to 52.7 days,when the high-fat female Drosophila model was fed with 10μg/mL PHE.Further research showed that PHE reduced the accumulation of peroxide products and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes.Then,through antioxidant activity tracking,dimerumic acid(compound 1,the IC_(50) value of 3.4μg/mL on DPPH free radicals scavenging activity),4,5-dihydroxy-3-methoxypentanoic acid(compound 2,new compound),and thymidine(compound 3)were isolated from PHE.It is worth mentioning that dimerumic acid,the major antioxidant compound of PHE(content up to 3%),was discovered in P.hepiali for the first time.It was concluded that PHE showed excellent anti-aging activity at a very low concentration on fat diet-induced high fat Drosophila melanogaster,and dimerumic acid may be its main material basis.These results indicated that PHE had the potential to be developed as antioxidant and anti-aging agent in the healthcare industry.展开更多
As post-WWII baby boomer approaching age 80, Anti-Aging Regenerative Cosmetology (AARC) has been developed and patented for beautifying and strengthening the human body using live cells;to enhance the appearance and f...As post-WWII baby boomer approaching age 80, Anti-Aging Regenerative Cosmetology (AARC) has been developed and patented for beautifying and strengthening the human body using live cells;to enhance the appearance and function of various bodily parts to provide health and aestheticism of human being throughout life. It is a combined cosmetic and preventive medicine to intervene with and to correct the undesirable phenotypic expression of aging. The intrinsic properties of myoblasts and foreskin fibroblasts in development and regeneration are harnessed to formulate a genetic cell therapy program which is safe and efficacious as previously been tested in FDA Phase III clinical trials. Myoblasts are selected for strength development and foreskin fibroblasts for tenacity and smooth-to-the-touch. Both cell types are highly mitotic and non-carcinogenic. In additional to providing large quantities of nuclei as regenerative gene medicine, and of mitochondria as energy generators, myoblasts secret tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) for skin whitening and melanoma prevention. Myoblasts, because of their small size, spindle shape, and resilience, grow readily on collagen and laminin within wrinkles of skin surfaces, thus enhancing the color, luster, and texture of the skin “plated” with them. Alternatively, they can be injected subcutaneously as cell filler to reduce wrinkles. Intramuscular injection of myoblasts can augment the size, shape, consistency, tone, and strength of muscle groups, improving the lines, contours, and vitality to sculpt a youthful appearance. By improving cell genetics and organ functions, the program holds promise to sustain the human subject in good health and appearance, with a good quality of life and life prolongation.展开更多
Retinal aging has been recognized as a significant risk factor for various retinal disorders,including diabetic retinopathy,age-related macular degeneration,and glaucoma,following a growing understanding of the molecu...Retinal aging has been recognized as a significant risk factor for various retinal disorders,including diabetic retinopathy,age-related macular degeneration,and glaucoma,following a growing understanding of the molecular underpinnings of their development.This comprehensive review explores the mechanisms of retinal aging and investigates potential neuroprotective approaches,focusing on the activation of transcription factor EB.Recent meta-analyses have demonstrated promising outcomes of transcription factor EB-targeted strategies,such as exercise,calorie restriction,rapamycin,and metformin,in patients and animal models of these common retinal diseases.The review critically assesses the role of transcription factor EB in retinal biology during aging,its neuroprotective effects,and its therapeutic potential for retinal disorders.The impact of transcription factor EB on retinal aging is cell-specific,influencing metabolic reprogramming and energy homeostasis in retinal neurons through the regulation of mitochondrial quality control and nutrient-sensing pathways.In vascular endothelial cells,transcription factor EB controls important processes,including endothelial cell proliferation,endothelial tube formation,and nitric oxide levels,thereby influencing the inner blood-retinal barrier,angiogenesis,and retinal microvasculature.Additionally,transcription factor EB affects vascular smooth muscle cells,inhibiting vascular calcification and atherogenesis.In retinal pigment epithelial cells,transcription factor EB modulates functions such as autophagy,lysosomal dynamics,and clearance of the aging pigment lipofuscin,thereby promoting photoreceptor survival and regulating vascular endothelial growth factor A expression involved in neovascularization.These cell-specific functions of transcription factor EB significantly impact retinal aging mechanisms encompassing proteostasis,neuronal synapse plasticity,energy metabolism,microvasculature,and inflammation,ultimately offering protection against retinal aging and diseases.The review emphasizes transcription factor EB as a potential therapeutic target for retinal diseases.Therefore,it is imperative to obtain well-controlled direct experimental evidence to confirm the efficacy of transcription factor EB modulation in retinal diseases while minimizing its risk of adverse effects.展开更多
Aging is a process characterized by accumulating degenerative damages,resulting in the death of an organism ultimately.The main goal of aging research is to develop therapies that delay age-related diseases in human.S...Aging is a process characterized by accumulating degenerative damages,resulting in the death of an organism ultimately.The main goal of aging research is to develop therapies that delay age-related diseases in human.Since signaling pathways in aging of Caenorhabditis elegans(C.elegans),fruit flies and mice are evolutionarily conserved,compounds extending lifespan of them by intervening pathways of aging may be useful in treating age-related diseases in human.Natural products have special resource advantage and with few side effect.Recently,many compounds or extracts from natural products slowing aging and extending lifespan have been reported.Here we summarized these compounds or extracts and their mechanisms in increasing longevity of C.elegans or other species,and the prospect in developing antiaging medicine from natural products.展开更多
To evaluate the potential anti-aging ability of Eucommia ulmoides,four characteristic components(chlorogenic acid,geniposidic acid,aucubin,quercetin)were selected to assess their effects on H_(2)O_(2)-induced oxidativ...To evaluate the potential anti-aging ability of Eucommia ulmoides,four characteristic components(chlorogenic acid,geniposidic acid,aucubin,quercetin)were selected to assess their effects on H_(2)O_(2)-induced oxidative damage model of human umbilical vein endothelial cell(HUVEC).Oxidative damage indexes,inflammatory factors,cell cycle,cell apoptosis,cell senescence,and their related proteins were analyzed by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT)assay,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),propidium iodide(PI)staining,annexin V-FITC/PI double staining,SAβ-galactosidase staining,and western blotting(WB).The results showed that H_(2)O_(2)-induced cell growth inhibition rate decreased as supplementation with characteristic components when compared to H_(2)O_(2) group.Meanwhile,the contents of antioxidant indexes(reactive oxygen species,lactate dehydrogenase,molondialdehyde,superoxide dismutase,glutathione),inflammatory factors(nuclear factor kappa-B,intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1,vascular cell adhesion protein 1),and functional factors(NO,Endothelin-1)in characteristic components treated groups improved if comparison with H_(2)O_(2) group,suggesting the characteristic components of E.ulmoides could alleviate H_(2)O_(2)-induced oxidative damage.Moreover,cell cycle,cell apoptosis,cell senescence,and their related proteins under characteristic components treatment exhibited a better effect than under H_(2)O_(2) treatment,implying the characteristic components could participate in anti-aging via multiple pathways.These results manifested that the characteristic components of E.ulmoides posses the capacity of anti-aging,which provided a basis for investigating the anti-aging ability of E.ulmoides itself.展开更多
Appetite regulation by nutritional intervention is required early in life that involves the anti-aging gene Sirtuin 1 (Sirt 1) with Sirt 1 maintenance of other cellular anti-aging genes involved in cell circadian rhyt...Appetite regulation by nutritional intervention is required early in life that involves the anti-aging gene Sirtuin 1 (Sirt 1) with Sirt 1 maintenance of other cellular anti-aging genes involved in cell circadian rhythm, senescence and apoptosis. Interests in anti-aging therapy with appetite regulation improve an individual’s survival to metabolic disease induced by gene-environment interactions by maintenance of the anti-aging genes connected to the metabolism of bacterial lipopolysaccharides, drugs and xenobiotics. Interventions to the aging process involve early calorie restriction with appetite regulation connected to appropriate genetic mechanisms that involve mitochondrial biogenesis and DNA repair in neurons. In the aging process as the anti-aging genes are suppressed as a result of transcriptional dysregulation chronic disease accelerations and connected to insulin resistance, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease. Interests in the gene-environment interaction indicate that the anti-aging gene Sirt 1that regulates food intake has been repressed early in the aging process in various global populations. The connections between Sirt 1 and other anti-aging genes such as Klotho, p66Shc (longevity protein) and Forkhead box proteins (FOXO1/ FOXO3a) have been associated with programmed cell death and alterations in these anti-aging genesregulate glucose, lipid and amyloid beta metabolism that are important to various chronic diseases.展开更多
Background: The time-related decline in regenerative capacity and organ homeostasis is a major feature of aging. Rehmannia glutinosa and Astragalus membranaceus have been used as traditional Chinese herbal medicines f...Background: The time-related decline in regenerative capacity and organ homeostasis is a major feature of aging. Rehmannia glutinosa and Astragalus membranaceus have been used as traditional Chinese herbal medicines for enhanced immunity and prolonged life. However, the mechanism by which this herbal medicine slows aging is unknown. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of the herbal anti-aging effect.Methods: Mice were fed diets supplemented with R. glutinosa or A. membranaceus for 10 months; the control group was fed a standard diet. The phenotypes were evaluated using a grading score system and survival analysis. The percentages of the senescence phenotypes of hematopoietic stem cells(HSCs) were determined by fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis. The function and the mechanism of HSCs were analyzed by clonogenic assay and the real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results: The anti-aging effect of R. glutinosa is due to the enhanced function of HSCs. Mice fed with R. glutinosa displayed characteristics of a slowed aging process,including decreased senescence and increased rate of survival. Flow cytometry analysis showed decreased numbers of Lin–Sca1^+c-kit–(LSK) cells, long-term HSCs(LT-HSCs) and short-term HSCs(ST-HSCs) in the R. glutinosa group. In vitro, clonogenic assays showed increased self-renewal ability of LT-HSCs from the R. glutinosa group as well as maintaining LSK quiescence through upregulated p18 expression. The R. glutinosa group also showed decreased reactive oxygen species levels and the percentage of β-gal^+ cells through downregulation of the cellular senescence-associated protein p53 and p16.Conclusion: Rehmannia glutinosa exerts anti-aging effects by maintaining the quiescence and decreasing the senescence of HSCs.展开更多
Polydeoxyribonucleotide(PDRN) consists of DNA fragments with molecular weights ranging from 50 to 1 500 kDa,which are mainly extracted from the sperm cells of salmon trout or chum salmon. Many preclinical and clinical...Polydeoxyribonucleotide(PDRN) consists of DNA fragments with molecular weights ranging from 50 to 1 500 kDa,which are mainly extracted from the sperm cells of salmon trout or chum salmon. Many preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated the properties of PDRN. These include anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, antiosteoporotic, anti-melanogenetic, anti-allodynic, anti-osteonecrotic, bone regenerative, tissue damage preventive,anti-ulcerative, and wound healing properties, which are mediated by the activation of the adenosine A2Areceptor and salvage pathways. Moreover, PDRN promotes angiogenesis, cellular activity, collagen synthesis, soft tissue regeneration, and skin priming and revitalization and can be used to treat hyperpigmentation. Therefore, this review assessed the potential use of PDRN as an anti-aging agent for the skin.展开更多
Natural killer (NK) cell is a type of immune cell and is known to be particularly responsible for innate immunity such as anti-cancer immunity, defense mechanisms against infections, and secretion of various cytokines...Natural killer (NK) cell is a type of immune cell and is known to be particularly responsible for innate immunity such as anti-cancer immunity, defense mechanisms against infections, and secretion of various cytokines and chemokines for increasing recruitment of other immune cells. In this study, we investigated the potentials of NK-enriched lymphocytes (NKEL) conditioned media (CM) on skin care for cosmeceutical compositions. Various cytokines of NKEL CM can improve wound healing through epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by increasing KLKs (kallikreins) and reduce metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and MMP-2 to inhibit wrinkle formation. Our results suggest that NKEL CM which has various cytokines promotes up-regulation of cell migration and KLKs and down-regulation of MMP-1 and MMP-2 by stimulating HaCaT keratinocytes migration. Therefore, NKEL CM can be used as a cosmetic composition that can play a role in skin regeneration and anti-aging.展开更多
Evaluation of Anti-aging Effect of QigongBased on the Theory That the Qigong Exer-cises Correct both Yin and Yang DeficienciesThe TCM theory holds that mainte-nance of a good health depends on the bal-ance of body yin...Evaluation of Anti-aging Effect of QigongBased on the Theory That the Qigong Exer-cises Correct both Yin and Yang DeficienciesThe TCM theory holds that mainte-nance of a good health depends on the bal-ance of body yin and yang which are con-stantly in motion and change.Premature ag-ing is mainly due to imbalance of yin andyang in the body.Years’ experimental展开更多
OBJECTIVE Behavior research and urinary metabolomics method were applied to evaluate the anti-aging effects of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi extract(SBG)in D-galactose-induced rats.METHODS Fifty rats were randomly di...OBJECTIVE Behavior research and urinary metabolomics method were applied to evaluate the anti-aging effects of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi extract(SBG)in D-galactose-induced rats.METHODS Fifty rats were randomly divided into five groups(n=10in each group).Group 1served as vehicle control with injection of saline(vehicle control group),and the other groups of rats received daily subcutaneously injected with D-galactose(aged model group)at dose of 100mg·kg-1 for ten weeks,respectively.At the same time,rats in groups 3-5were intragastrically administered SBG 〔extracted twice with 60%(V/V)ethanol〕at doses of 50,100 and 200mg·kg-1 for ten weeks,and the rats of groups 1 and 2 were administrated an equal volume of the vehicle.At the tenth week,the learning and memory abilities were examined by Morris water maze.The urine was collected using metabolic cages and analyzed by high-resolution 1HNMR spectroscopy combined with multivariate statistical analyses.Principal component analysis(PCA)was utilized to classify and reveal the differences between the model group and control group.Then,the concentration of these differences was analyzed with t-test to determine whether SBG was possible to influence the metabolic pattern induced by D-galactose.RESULTS Compared with the vehicle control group,the D-galactose-treated aged model group markedly spent longer time(P<0.05)in finding the platform on days 3-5 in the spatial learning acquisition training of Morris water maze test.However,the escape latency was significantly reduced(P<0.05)by long-term administration of SBG(50,100 and 200mg·kg-1)compared with the D-galactose-treated aged model group on days 3-5.In the probe test,the D-galactose-treated aged model group made fewer(P<0.05)platform crossings and distance travelled in target quadrant(P<0.05)than the vehicle control group,and the SBG at doses of 50,100 and 200mg·kg-1 treatments groups could significantly increase(P<0.05)the number of times of crossing over the platform site.The SBG at doses of100 and 200mg·kg-1 treatments groups could significantly increase(P<0.05)the distance travelled in target quadrant compared with the D-galactose-treated aged model group.In addition,the significant difference in metabolic profiling was observed from model group compared with drug-dose group by using PCA,indicating the recovery effect of SBG on D-galactose induced aging rats.Some significantly changed metabolites like glycine,glucose and hexadecanoic acid have been identified.These biochemical changes are related to the the disturbance in aimno acid metabolism,energy metabolism and glycometabolism,which are helpful to further understanding the D-galactose induced aging rats and the therapeutic mechanism of SBG.CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that SBG extract has protective effect on the D-galactose-induced aging in rats.展开更多
Flavonoids are secondary metabolites in plants and possess extensive pharmacological activities.Flavonoids have remarkable effect in prevent anti-tumor and cancer,but flavonoids can't be synthesized directly in th...Flavonoids are secondary metabolites in plants and possess extensive pharmacological activities.Flavonoids have remarkable effect in prevent anti-tumor and cancer,but flavonoids can't be synthesized directly in the body.According to the different properties and structures of flavonoids in Traditional Chinese medicines,different extraction methods should be selected.Besides,flavonoids have good anti-aging effects.Based on three theories of modern aging,the anti-aging effect of flavonoids was discussed.It is expected to provide a beneficial reference for further development and utilization of natural flavonoid resources.展开更多
Aging populations are increasing the incidence of age-related diseases, resulting in problems at the individual and socioeconomic level. The need for effective strategies in regenerative medicine for the elderly is mo...Aging populations are increasing the incidence of age-related diseases, resulting in problems at the individual and socioeconomic level. The need for effective strategies in regenerative medicine for the elderly is more important than ever. Previous studies have shown that the number and function of stem cells decline with age, thereby undermining endogenous repair processes. It has also been suggested that the aging-induced deterioration of stem cell function may play a key role in the pathophysiology of various aging-related diseases. Recent advances in our understanding of tissue regeneration and the development of methods aimed at inducing and differentiating pluripotent stem cells for cell replacement therapy which provides exciting opportunities for the treatment of degenerative diseases, such as those related to senility. In this review article, we examine several mechanisms that are believed to contribute to the aging-related dysfunction of stem cells associated with diseases of the immune system, cardiac tissue, neuronal system, articular cartilage, and skeletal muscle. We also discuss factors that affect the therapeutic potential of adult stem/progenitor cells as well as current trends in the treatment of these conditions using regenerative medicine.展开更多
This study aims to evaluate the in vivo efficacy in terms of elasticity, hydration and anti-wrinkle enhancement of a new cosmetic cream formulation: Apollinea anti-ageing facial cream. The latter is O/W (oil/water) em...This study aims to evaluate the in vivo efficacy in terms of elasticity, hydration and anti-wrinkle enhancement of a new cosmetic cream formulation: Apollinea anti-ageing facial cream. The latter is O/W (oil/water) emulsion with high volume percentages of snail secretion filtrate and donkey milk serum in its composition. The investigation has been performed on (twelve) healthy subjects: 8 (eight) females, and 4 (four) males, all presenting evident skin wrinkles in typical facial areas (e.g. forehead and eye contour). The subjects had to apply about 2 grams of Apollinea anti-ageing facial cream every day. The efficacy of the new cosmetic formulation was assessed before and after the cosmetic treatment, precisely 2 hours, to assess the short-term efficacy, and 40 days after, this to evaluate the product long-term efficacy. Elasticity enhancements have been tested through measurements of the viscoelastic properties of the skin, whereas the hydration parameter through measurements of the skin and subcutaneous tissues dielectric constant. All the latter measurements have been performed with specific instrumentation, as discussed more in detail in the following. To evaluate the anti-wrinkles efficacy instead, we proceeded with digital camera imaging and image analysis processed through ImageJ software. The new Apollinea facial cream cosmetic formulation, based on donkey milk whey and snail secretion filtrate from Helix Aspersa Müller, showed significant enhancement effects on skin elasticity and hydration as well as an important skin-wrinkles-reduction.展开更多
文摘Background Dimethylaminoethanol has been widely used to fight against wrinkles, in the field of aesthetic medicine there is an increasing demand for safe and effective Dimethylaminoethanol-based products to counteract the ageing process. Objective To evaluate the anti- ageing effects of a new DMAE- based formulation. Methods 30 male rats were randomly allocated into treatment,D-gal ageing modeland control groups, each of which contained ten rats.Treatment group and D- gal ageing model group were subcutaneously injected with D- galactose prepared in normal saline 125mg·kg-1·d-1for 42 d. Control groups were injected with normal saline for42 d with same method and dose. From the 18 th day,after shaving their hair,the treatment grouprats were injected thisnew DMAE-based formulation at a dose of 1ml per week for 4 weeks in the Dermis of two sides hip skin mark zone.Meanwhile,D-gal ageing model group rats were administrated the same volume of normal saline with same method. Skin specimens were obtained 3days after the last treatment. Dermal collagen density and dermal thickness were evaluated by H&E and Massontrichrome staining. And m RNA expressions of TGFβ1, Smad3, Type I,Type III Pro-collagen,TIMP-1,MMP- 1,were assessed by Real- time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results Dermal thickness, dermal collagen density and hydroxyproline content in treatment group increased significantly comparing with D- gal ageing model group. No differences were found in m RNA expression of MMP- 1 and Type III Pro- collagen between the treatment group and D- gal ageing model group. In addition, m RNA expression of TGFβ1, Type I Pre-collagen, TIMP1 and smad3 in treatment group were significantly up- regulated in contrast with D- gal ageing model and control group. Conclusion This new DMAE- based formulationcould generate anti- ageing effects by activating collagen synthesisthrough TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway.
文摘Introduction: The use of growth factors and cytokines in skin rejuvenation and reversal of photo ageing is a novel anti-ageing treatment. These factors provide a microenvironment that seems to favor tissue repair and regeneration. Methods: An open label, monocentric, single arm study to evaluate anti-ageing efficacy of conditioned medium obtained from adult human bone-marrow derived allogenic mesenchymal stromal cells (BMMSC) along with excipients formulated into a cosmetic serum, was conducted in 40 Indian female population aged 35 to 60 years, belonging to skin type IV - VI of Norwood Scale for a duration of 90 days. Parameters—fine lines, wrinkles, crow’s feet, evenness of skin tone, skin firmness/laxity, hydration of skin, homogeneity of age spots, and visible pores were used to evaluate the anti-ageing and rejuvenating properties of the test product. Results and Discussion: Improvement was seen in majority of parameters starting from 15 - 30 days. Product was safe and well tolerated as per the dermatologist and subjects’ self-assessment.
基金supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFA0903200 to C.Z.)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32270032 and 32070038 to C.Z.,No.32000029 to L.C.).
文摘Ergothioneine,Ovothiol,and Selenoneine are sulfur/selenium-containing histidine-derived natural products widely distributed across different organisms.They exhibit significant antioxidant properties,making them as potential lead compounds for promoting health.Increasing evidence suggests that Ergothioneine is positively correlated with healthy ageing and longevity.The mechanisms underlying Ergothioneine's regulation of the ageing process at cellular and molecular levels are beginning to be understood.In this review,we provide an in-depth and extensive coverage of the anti-ageing studies on Ergothioneine and discuss its possible intracellular targeting pathways.In addition,we highlight the recent efforts in elucidating the biosynthetic details for Ergothioneine,Ovothiol,and Selenoneine,with a particular focus on the study of their pharmacophore-forming enzymology.
文摘Boron is an ambitious fuel in energetic materials since its high heat release values,but its application is prohibited by low combustion efficiency and oxidization during storage.The polydopamine(PDA)was introduced into boron particles,investigating the impact of PDA content on the energetic behavior of boron.The results indicated that the PDA coating formed a fishing net structure on the surface of boron particles.The heat release results showed that the combustion calorific value of B@PDA was higher than that of the raw boron.Specifically,the actual combustion heat of boron powder in B@10%PDA increased by 38.08%.Meanwhile,the DSC peak temperature decreased by 100.65℃under similar oxidation rate compared to raw boron.Simultaneously,the B@PDA@AP and B@AP composites were prepared,and their combustion properties were evaluated.It was demonstrated that B@10%PDA@AP exhibited superior performance in terms of peak pressure and burning time,respectively.The peak pressure is 12.43 kPa more than B@AP and burning time is 2.22 times higher than B@AP.Therefore,the coating of PDA effectively inhibits the oxidization of boron during storage and enhances the energetic behavior of boron and corresponding composites.
基金This study was supported by the Key Research Project Fund of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine(2021JYB2002001)the National Natural Science Foundation of Tibetan medicine Collabo-rative Innovation(82130113).
文摘Objective:To explore the anti-aging effects of chlorogenic acid(CGA)and the underlying mechanisms based on a Caenorhabditis elegans(C.elegans)model.Methods:The anti-agingactivityofCGAwasstudied basedon thebodylength,exercisebehavior,lipofuscin content,antioxidative stress ability,swallowing frequency,body-bending frequency,and head-swinging ability of C.elegans.Through DAF-16 nuclear translocation and SOD-3-GFP fluorescence experiments,the effects of CGA on ROS levels,antioxidant enzyme activities,MDA content,mutant-strain lifespan,and anti-aging molecular signaling pathways were explored,as well as the underlying mechanisms.Results:CGA improved multiple indices of the nematode:body length was increased(all P<0.001),head-swing frequency and body-bending frequency were increased(all P<0.05),nematode longevity was prolonged(P=0.0021),lipofuscin deposition in nematodes was slowed down(all P<0.001),the chemotaxis index was improved(P=0.0012),ROS levels were reduced(all P<.001),and SOD activity and MDA content were reduced(SOD:P=0.0017 between the low-concentration group and the control group,P<.001 between the high-concentration and medium-concentration groups and the control group;MDA:P=0.0135 between the low-concentration group and the control group,and P<0.001 between the high-concentration and medium-concentration groups and the control group).In addition,CGA also activated the DAF-16 transcription factor,promoted DAF-16 nuclear translocation under oxidative stress conditions(both P<0.001 between the high-concentration and medium-concentration groups and the control group),and increased SOD-3 gene expression in nematodes(all P<0.001).Conclusion:CGA plays an anti-aging role in C.elegans.The underlying mechanisms include activation of the insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway and enhancement of DAF-16 activity.This study lays a foundation for further research into the anti-aging effects of CGA.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42006094)by Fujian Natural Science Foundation(2019J05032).
文摘The purpose of this study was to explore the potential of the development and application of Paecilomyces hepiali,a fungus with edible and medicinal value,as a foodborne antioxidant and anti-aging agent.Its n-butanol extract(PHE)from rice cultures was selected for anti-aging experiment because of significant free radical scavenging activity in vitro.In vivo,PHE could significantly prolong the mean lifespan,50%survival days,and the maximum lifespan of Drosophila on a high-fat diet.It is amazing that the mean lifespan increased from 19.1 days to 32.9 days,50%survival days increased from 15.7 days to 34.3 days,and the maximum lifespan extended from 44.7 days to 52.7 days,when the high-fat female Drosophila model was fed with 10μg/mL PHE.Further research showed that PHE reduced the accumulation of peroxide products and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes.Then,through antioxidant activity tracking,dimerumic acid(compound 1,the IC_(50) value of 3.4μg/mL on DPPH free radicals scavenging activity),4,5-dihydroxy-3-methoxypentanoic acid(compound 2,new compound),and thymidine(compound 3)were isolated from PHE.It is worth mentioning that dimerumic acid,the major antioxidant compound of PHE(content up to 3%),was discovered in P.hepiali for the first time.It was concluded that PHE showed excellent anti-aging activity at a very low concentration on fat diet-induced high fat Drosophila melanogaster,and dimerumic acid may be its main material basis.These results indicated that PHE had the potential to be developed as antioxidant and anti-aging agent in the healthcare industry.
文摘As post-WWII baby boomer approaching age 80, Anti-Aging Regenerative Cosmetology (AARC) has been developed and patented for beautifying and strengthening the human body using live cells;to enhance the appearance and function of various bodily parts to provide health and aestheticism of human being throughout life. It is a combined cosmetic and preventive medicine to intervene with and to correct the undesirable phenotypic expression of aging. The intrinsic properties of myoblasts and foreskin fibroblasts in development and regeneration are harnessed to formulate a genetic cell therapy program which is safe and efficacious as previously been tested in FDA Phase III clinical trials. Myoblasts are selected for strength development and foreskin fibroblasts for tenacity and smooth-to-the-touch. Both cell types are highly mitotic and non-carcinogenic. In additional to providing large quantities of nuclei as regenerative gene medicine, and of mitochondria as energy generators, myoblasts secret tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) for skin whitening and melanoma prevention. Myoblasts, because of their small size, spindle shape, and resilience, grow readily on collagen and laminin within wrinkles of skin surfaces, thus enhancing the color, luster, and texture of the skin “plated” with them. Alternatively, they can be injected subcutaneously as cell filler to reduce wrinkles. Intramuscular injection of myoblasts can augment the size, shape, consistency, tone, and strength of muscle groups, improving the lines, contours, and vitality to sculpt a youthful appearance. By improving cell genetics and organ functions, the program holds promise to sustain the human subject in good health and appearance, with a good quality of life and life prolongation.
基金supported by the Start-up Fund for new faculty from the Hong Kong Polytechnic University(PolyU)(A0043215)(to SA)the General Research Fund and Research Impact Fund from the Hong Kong Research Grants Council(15106018,R5032-18)(to DYT)+1 种基金the Research Center for SHARP Vision in PolyU(P0045843)(to SA)the InnoHK scheme from the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government(to DYT).
文摘Retinal aging has been recognized as a significant risk factor for various retinal disorders,including diabetic retinopathy,age-related macular degeneration,and glaucoma,following a growing understanding of the molecular underpinnings of their development.This comprehensive review explores the mechanisms of retinal aging and investigates potential neuroprotective approaches,focusing on the activation of transcription factor EB.Recent meta-analyses have demonstrated promising outcomes of transcription factor EB-targeted strategies,such as exercise,calorie restriction,rapamycin,and metformin,in patients and animal models of these common retinal diseases.The review critically assesses the role of transcription factor EB in retinal biology during aging,its neuroprotective effects,and its therapeutic potential for retinal disorders.The impact of transcription factor EB on retinal aging is cell-specific,influencing metabolic reprogramming and energy homeostasis in retinal neurons through the regulation of mitochondrial quality control and nutrient-sensing pathways.In vascular endothelial cells,transcription factor EB controls important processes,including endothelial cell proliferation,endothelial tube formation,and nitric oxide levels,thereby influencing the inner blood-retinal barrier,angiogenesis,and retinal microvasculature.Additionally,transcription factor EB affects vascular smooth muscle cells,inhibiting vascular calcification and atherogenesis.In retinal pigment epithelial cells,transcription factor EB modulates functions such as autophagy,lysosomal dynamics,and clearance of the aging pigment lipofuscin,thereby promoting photoreceptor survival and regulating vascular endothelial growth factor A expression involved in neovascularization.These cell-specific functions of transcription factor EB significantly impact retinal aging mechanisms encompassing proteostasis,neuronal synapse plasticity,energy metabolism,microvasculature,and inflammation,ultimately offering protection against retinal aging and diseases.The review emphasizes transcription factor EB as a potential therapeutic target for retinal diseases.Therefore,it is imperative to obtain well-controlled direct experimental evidence to confirm the efficacy of transcription factor EB modulation in retinal diseases while minimizing its risk of adverse effects.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of China(81671405 and 81370453)Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan province(2013FA045 and 2015FB172)Open Funds of Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica.
文摘Aging is a process characterized by accumulating degenerative damages,resulting in the death of an organism ultimately.The main goal of aging research is to develop therapies that delay age-related diseases in human.Since signaling pathways in aging of Caenorhabditis elegans(C.elegans),fruit flies and mice are evolutionarily conserved,compounds extending lifespan of them by intervening pathways of aging may be useful in treating age-related diseases in human.Natural products have special resource advantage and with few side effect.Recently,many compounds or extracts from natural products slowing aging and extending lifespan have been reported.Here we summarized these compounds or extracts and their mechanisms in increasing longevity of C.elegans or other species,and the prospect in developing antiaging medicine from natural products.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42107020)the Science and Technology Project of Hunan Province(2020SK2028).
文摘To evaluate the potential anti-aging ability of Eucommia ulmoides,four characteristic components(chlorogenic acid,geniposidic acid,aucubin,quercetin)were selected to assess their effects on H_(2)O_(2)-induced oxidative damage model of human umbilical vein endothelial cell(HUVEC).Oxidative damage indexes,inflammatory factors,cell cycle,cell apoptosis,cell senescence,and their related proteins were analyzed by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT)assay,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),propidium iodide(PI)staining,annexin V-FITC/PI double staining,SAβ-galactosidase staining,and western blotting(WB).The results showed that H_(2)O_(2)-induced cell growth inhibition rate decreased as supplementation with characteristic components when compared to H_(2)O_(2) group.Meanwhile,the contents of antioxidant indexes(reactive oxygen species,lactate dehydrogenase,molondialdehyde,superoxide dismutase,glutathione),inflammatory factors(nuclear factor kappa-B,intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1,vascular cell adhesion protein 1),and functional factors(NO,Endothelin-1)in characteristic components treated groups improved if comparison with H_(2)O_(2) group,suggesting the characteristic components of E.ulmoides could alleviate H_(2)O_(2)-induced oxidative damage.Moreover,cell cycle,cell apoptosis,cell senescence,and their related proteins under characteristic components treatment exhibited a better effect than under H_(2)O_(2) treatment,implying the characteristic components could participate in anti-aging via multiple pathways.These results manifested that the characteristic components of E.ulmoides posses the capacity of anti-aging,which provided a basis for investigating the anti-aging ability of E.ulmoides itself.
文摘Appetite regulation by nutritional intervention is required early in life that involves the anti-aging gene Sirtuin 1 (Sirt 1) with Sirt 1 maintenance of other cellular anti-aging genes involved in cell circadian rhythm, senescence and apoptosis. Interests in anti-aging therapy with appetite regulation improve an individual’s survival to metabolic disease induced by gene-environment interactions by maintenance of the anti-aging genes connected to the metabolism of bacterial lipopolysaccharides, drugs and xenobiotics. Interventions to the aging process involve early calorie restriction with appetite regulation connected to appropriate genetic mechanisms that involve mitochondrial biogenesis and DNA repair in neurons. In the aging process as the anti-aging genes are suppressed as a result of transcriptional dysregulation chronic disease accelerations and connected to insulin resistance, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease. Interests in the gene-environment interaction indicate that the anti-aging gene Sirt 1that regulates food intake has been repressed early in the aging process in various global populations. The connections between Sirt 1 and other anti-aging genes such as Klotho, p66Shc (longevity protein) and Forkhead box proteins (FOXO1/ FOXO3a) have been associated with programmed cell death and alterations in these anti-aging genesregulate glucose, lipid and amyloid beta metabolism that are important to various chronic diseases.
基金National Science Foundation for China,Grant/Award Number:31672374PUMC Youth Fund,Grant/Award Number:2017310018CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences,Grant/Award Number:2016-12M-1-012
文摘Background: The time-related decline in regenerative capacity and organ homeostasis is a major feature of aging. Rehmannia glutinosa and Astragalus membranaceus have been used as traditional Chinese herbal medicines for enhanced immunity and prolonged life. However, the mechanism by which this herbal medicine slows aging is unknown. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of the herbal anti-aging effect.Methods: Mice were fed diets supplemented with R. glutinosa or A. membranaceus for 10 months; the control group was fed a standard diet. The phenotypes were evaluated using a grading score system and survival analysis. The percentages of the senescence phenotypes of hematopoietic stem cells(HSCs) were determined by fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis. The function and the mechanism of HSCs were analyzed by clonogenic assay and the real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results: The anti-aging effect of R. glutinosa is due to the enhanced function of HSCs. Mice fed with R. glutinosa displayed characteristics of a slowed aging process,including decreased senescence and increased rate of survival. Flow cytometry analysis showed decreased numbers of Lin–Sca1^+c-kit–(LSK) cells, long-term HSCs(LT-HSCs) and short-term HSCs(ST-HSCs) in the R. glutinosa group. In vitro, clonogenic assays showed increased self-renewal ability of LT-HSCs from the R. glutinosa group as well as maintaining LSK quiescence through upregulated p18 expression. The R. glutinosa group also showed decreased reactive oxygen species levels and the percentage of β-gal^+ cells through downregulation of the cellular senescence-associated protein p53 and p16.Conclusion: Rehmannia glutinosa exerts anti-aging effects by maintaining the quiescence and decreasing the senescence of HSCs.
文摘Polydeoxyribonucleotide(PDRN) consists of DNA fragments with molecular weights ranging from 50 to 1 500 kDa,which are mainly extracted from the sperm cells of salmon trout or chum salmon. Many preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated the properties of PDRN. These include anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, antiosteoporotic, anti-melanogenetic, anti-allodynic, anti-osteonecrotic, bone regenerative, tissue damage preventive,anti-ulcerative, and wound healing properties, which are mediated by the activation of the adenosine A2Areceptor and salvage pathways. Moreover, PDRN promotes angiogenesis, cellular activity, collagen synthesis, soft tissue regeneration, and skin priming and revitalization and can be used to treat hyperpigmentation. Therefore, this review assessed the potential use of PDRN as an anti-aging agent for the skin.
文摘Natural killer (NK) cell is a type of immune cell and is known to be particularly responsible for innate immunity such as anti-cancer immunity, defense mechanisms against infections, and secretion of various cytokines and chemokines for increasing recruitment of other immune cells. In this study, we investigated the potentials of NK-enriched lymphocytes (NKEL) conditioned media (CM) on skin care for cosmeceutical compositions. Various cytokines of NKEL CM can improve wound healing through epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by increasing KLKs (kallikreins) and reduce metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and MMP-2 to inhibit wrinkle formation. Our results suggest that NKEL CM which has various cytokines promotes up-regulation of cell migration and KLKs and down-regulation of MMP-1 and MMP-2 by stimulating HaCaT keratinocytes migration. Therefore, NKEL CM can be used as a cosmetic composition that can play a role in skin regeneration and anti-aging.
文摘Evaluation of Anti-aging Effect of QigongBased on the Theory That the Qigong Exer-cises Correct both Yin and Yang DeficienciesThe TCM theory holds that mainte-nance of a good health depends on the bal-ance of body yin and yang which are con-stantly in motion and change.Premature ag-ing is mainly due to imbalance of yin andyang in the body.Years’ experimental
基金The project supported by the Construction Plan for Basic Condition Platform of Shanxi(2014091022)Program of Science and Technology of Shanxi Province(20140313008-14)
文摘OBJECTIVE Behavior research and urinary metabolomics method were applied to evaluate the anti-aging effects of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi extract(SBG)in D-galactose-induced rats.METHODS Fifty rats were randomly divided into five groups(n=10in each group).Group 1served as vehicle control with injection of saline(vehicle control group),and the other groups of rats received daily subcutaneously injected with D-galactose(aged model group)at dose of 100mg·kg-1 for ten weeks,respectively.At the same time,rats in groups 3-5were intragastrically administered SBG 〔extracted twice with 60%(V/V)ethanol〕at doses of 50,100 and 200mg·kg-1 for ten weeks,and the rats of groups 1 and 2 were administrated an equal volume of the vehicle.At the tenth week,the learning and memory abilities were examined by Morris water maze.The urine was collected using metabolic cages and analyzed by high-resolution 1HNMR spectroscopy combined with multivariate statistical analyses.Principal component analysis(PCA)was utilized to classify and reveal the differences between the model group and control group.Then,the concentration of these differences was analyzed with t-test to determine whether SBG was possible to influence the metabolic pattern induced by D-galactose.RESULTS Compared with the vehicle control group,the D-galactose-treated aged model group markedly spent longer time(P<0.05)in finding the platform on days 3-5 in the spatial learning acquisition training of Morris water maze test.However,the escape latency was significantly reduced(P<0.05)by long-term administration of SBG(50,100 and 200mg·kg-1)compared with the D-galactose-treated aged model group on days 3-5.In the probe test,the D-galactose-treated aged model group made fewer(P<0.05)platform crossings and distance travelled in target quadrant(P<0.05)than the vehicle control group,and the SBG at doses of 50,100 and 200mg·kg-1 treatments groups could significantly increase(P<0.05)the number of times of crossing over the platform site.The SBG at doses of100 and 200mg·kg-1 treatments groups could significantly increase(P<0.05)the distance travelled in target quadrant compared with the D-galactose-treated aged model group.In addition,the significant difference in metabolic profiling was observed from model group compared with drug-dose group by using PCA,indicating the recovery effect of SBG on D-galactose induced aging rats.Some significantly changed metabolites like glycine,glucose and hexadecanoic acid have been identified.These biochemical changes are related to the the disturbance in aimno acid metabolism,energy metabolism and glycometabolism,which are helpful to further understanding the D-galactose induced aging rats and the therapeutic mechanism of SBG.CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that SBG extract has protective effect on the D-galactose-induced aging in rats.
基金the Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students of Xiamen Medical College(202112631045).
文摘Flavonoids are secondary metabolites in plants and possess extensive pharmacological activities.Flavonoids have remarkable effect in prevent anti-tumor and cancer,but flavonoids can't be synthesized directly in the body.According to the different properties and structures of flavonoids in Traditional Chinese medicines,different extraction methods should be selected.Besides,flavonoids have good anti-aging effects.Based on three theories of modern aging,the anti-aging effect of flavonoids was discussed.It is expected to provide a beneficial reference for further development and utilization of natural flavonoid resources.
文摘Aging populations are increasing the incidence of age-related diseases, resulting in problems at the individual and socioeconomic level. The need for effective strategies in regenerative medicine for the elderly is more important than ever. Previous studies have shown that the number and function of stem cells decline with age, thereby undermining endogenous repair processes. It has also been suggested that the aging-induced deterioration of stem cell function may play a key role in the pathophysiology of various aging-related diseases. Recent advances in our understanding of tissue regeneration and the development of methods aimed at inducing and differentiating pluripotent stem cells for cell replacement therapy which provides exciting opportunities for the treatment of degenerative diseases, such as those related to senility. In this review article, we examine several mechanisms that are believed to contribute to the aging-related dysfunction of stem cells associated with diseases of the immune system, cardiac tissue, neuronal system, articular cartilage, and skeletal muscle. We also discuss factors that affect the therapeutic potential of adult stem/progenitor cells as well as current trends in the treatment of these conditions using regenerative medicine.
文摘This study aims to evaluate the in vivo efficacy in terms of elasticity, hydration and anti-wrinkle enhancement of a new cosmetic cream formulation: Apollinea anti-ageing facial cream. The latter is O/W (oil/water) emulsion with high volume percentages of snail secretion filtrate and donkey milk serum in its composition. The investigation has been performed on (twelve) healthy subjects: 8 (eight) females, and 4 (four) males, all presenting evident skin wrinkles in typical facial areas (e.g. forehead and eye contour). The subjects had to apply about 2 grams of Apollinea anti-ageing facial cream every day. The efficacy of the new cosmetic formulation was assessed before and after the cosmetic treatment, precisely 2 hours, to assess the short-term efficacy, and 40 days after, this to evaluate the product long-term efficacy. Elasticity enhancements have been tested through measurements of the viscoelastic properties of the skin, whereas the hydration parameter through measurements of the skin and subcutaneous tissues dielectric constant. All the latter measurements have been performed with specific instrumentation, as discussed more in detail in the following. To evaluate the anti-wrinkles efficacy instead, we proceeded with digital camera imaging and image analysis processed through ImageJ software. The new Apollinea facial cream cosmetic formulation, based on donkey milk whey and snail secretion filtrate from Helix Aspersa Müller, showed significant enhancement effects on skin elasticity and hydration as well as an important skin-wrinkles-reduction.