International Cooperation and Human Rights Protection in the Fight against the COVID-19 Pandemic

The protection of human rights through international cooperation has a long history.Core human rights conventions,regional human rights treaties and other human rights instruments have continuously developed the meaning and scope of international human rights cooperation.The modern risk-laden society with a high degree of complexity and uncertainty has changed the world pattern,which calls for the building of a community with a shared future for human beings with cooperation as the starting point.Under the constant threat of the novel coronavirus,we must continue to deepen the concept of a community with a shared future for human beings,adhere to a“human rights-oriented”approach,and pay particular attention to the current supply and distribution of the COVID-19 vaccine as an important global public good.Only through solidarity and cooperation can mankind finally win the battle against this pandemic and protect human rights.

Lessons for Epidemic Emergency Policy: A Scoping Review of Ebola and COVID-19 Pandemics in Africa

Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) outbreaks in Central and West Africa 2013-2020 were the deadliest, most intense and most widely spread. On top of this, the novel Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has given us all a new experience. It is imperative to draw lessons to prepare for future disease outbreaks. This was a scoping review, a method that allows the assessment of emerging evidence. The objectives of the review were to 1) describe the manifestation of the epidemics;2) elaborate on the social and economic effects;3) characterize the responses;and 4) draw lessons. The findings show that Ebola risk is permanent and even increasing. The next COVID-19 epidemic is around the corner. For Africa, the situation has been made worse by poverty and fragility of institutions. Africa’s incapacity to manufacture its own vaccines, medicines, diagnostics and protective wear has been detrimental in the management of epidemics. The need for personal and home hygiene has been emphatically brought to attention. The trust in the government and other agencies is the cornerstone in the management of emergencies. The use of armed soldiers should be discouraged, for they scare people from seeking help. It is much better to use trusted local leaders instead of strangers during pandemic emergencies. Understanding the local politics without getting involved in them is essential. It is critical to understand community and individual perception of the risk of the disease in question. Often neglected is the psycho-social aspect, which should be planned early. The science of response measures ought to be explained simply and transparently, as part of risk communication. Emergency funds should be raised, and made easy and quick to disburse. Mechanisms of sharing health technologies and knowledge need to be devised under the UN. People centeredness ought to guide the conduct of trans-border movements and all transactions during pandemics.

Concept of building a Community with a Shared Future for Human beings and International Cooperation on Pandemic Prevention and Control——Global Pandemic Prevention and Control and Human rights Protection the Second Session of the Series of international S

The global outbreak of COVID-19 has posed a great challenge to the human rights protection.On May 18,2020,the second session of the series of international seminars on"Global Pandemic Prevention and Control and Human Rights Protection",organized by the Institute of Human Rights of China University of Political Science and Law under the guidance of the China Society for Human Rights Studies,was held online.The seminar was themed on the Concept of Building a Community with a Shared Future for Human Beings and International Cooperation on Pandemic Prevention and Control."Through the seminr,Chinese and foreign experts discussed in depth the values of human rights theories,the specific practices and measures taken by China and the European Union in fighting COVID-19,the protection of human rights in emergencies and the issue of human rights derogation.The seminar delivered a general consensus that prejudice should be abandoned in public health emergencies and international cooperation is continuously promoted within the framework of the United Nations to build a community with a shared future for human beings.

COVID-19期间民众威胁感知负性情绪与合作行为的关系

新冠肺炎疫情席卷全球,给世界及中国人民的经济和生活造成了重大影响。本研究从民众的威胁感知、负性情绪和合作行为进行了分析,发现不同人口统计变量下的个体的心理与行为反应是不一致的。研究表明,文化水平较高的民众威胁感知也较高。城市居民威胁感知高于农村居民。不同性别、年龄民众在负性情绪方面差异不大。男性比女性、中年的民众比青年民众、中共党员民众比非党员民众更倾向于做出合作行为。高威胁感知的民众负性情绪更高,也更愿意做出合作行为。负性情绪在威胁感知和合作行为间起中介作用。

COVID-19疫情下的医护合作方案在肺癌病人中的应用效果

[目的]分析COVID-19疫情下的医护合作方案在肺癌病人中的应用效果。[方法]通过对疫情下肺癌病人诊疗中面对的挑战与风险进行分析,将传统的医护合作方案调整为疫情下的医护合作方案并对肺癌病人进行分类管理。选择2020年2月1日—2020年2月20日的数据作为观察值,2020年1月1日—2020年1月20日的数据作为参照值,比较两组在咨询量、手术量、出院满意度、工作负担、医护认可度及满意度等方面的差异。[结果]2020年2月1日—2020年2月20日发生疑似人员数为0,急诊入院数为0;与参照值相比,门诊医生数下降了25%,手术量下降了67.07%,出院病人数下降了67.8%,病人咨询量增加了5.85%,出院病人满意度增加了1.55%;执业护士实际上班小时数下降了7.89%,住院病人占用床日数下降了55.6%,个案管理师实际上班小时数增加了462.5%;认可度和满意度分别达到了97.30%和94.59%。[结论]调整后的医护合作方案在肺癌病人管理中是可行的,符合COVID-19疫情的要求,在保证病人医疗安全的基础上有效降低了面对面交流频率,增加了线上交流频率,得到了病人的认可。

Human Rights Protection and Global Action under the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic——Overview of“2021·China-Europe Seminar on Human Rights”

The COVID-19 pandemic is the largest ever infectious disease facing mankind.It challenges national governance capabilities and international patterns.On June 8,2021,the“2021 China-Europe Seminar on Human Rights”was held in Chongqing,China.Its theme was“COVID-19 Pandemic and the Protection of the Right to Life and Health,”which focused on five topics:the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the protection of the rights to life and health,the response of countries against the pandemic,the protection of the right to life and health of specific groups during the pandemic response,the national responsibility for the protection of the right to life and health in the public health crisis,and global cooperation in the prevention and control of the COVID-19 pandemic.The conference reached two consensuses:First,in the face of the pandemic,countries must take responsibility for the people and protect the people’s right to life and health;second,an effective international mechanism for fighting the COVID-19 pandemic must be established as soon as possible.

后疫情时代的中尼合作:现状、挑战及对策

2019年年底全球暴发的新冠肺炎疫情(COVID-19)作为人类历史上最严重的全球突发公共卫生事件之一,对世界各国的经济、社会造成了沉重打击。尼泊尔作为南亚最不发达地区之一,经济亦遭受重创,中尼在“一带一路”倡议下的一些合作项目被迫延缓。与此同时,以美、印为首的国际势力在尼泊尔动作不断,企图拉拢尼泊尔加入其阵营,离间中尼友好关系,给南亚地区稳定及中尼合作带来极大挑战。中尼两国作为世代友好邻国,应共同携手、排除干扰,积极加强高层及党派合作,深化两国在医疗、健康领域的合作,加强民生、人文领域合作,共同打造更加紧密、友好的中尼伙伴关系,维护南亚地区的稳定发展。

危与机:后疫情时代中拉合作的路径突破

新冠疫情的暴发使全球陷入重大卫生危机。疫情冲击了世界经济,改变了人们的生活方式。贸易结构互补性不强、合作不确定性加剧、拉美‚选边站‛等问题阻碍了中拉进一步的合作,但也给中拉在外交、数字经济、公共卫生等领域的合作带来历史性发展机遇。后疫情时代,中拉应以构建卫生健康共同体为着力点,拓展多层次多领域的外交模式,通过深化数字经济合作促进经贸结构优化升级。由于拉美政治生态变局与国际竞争格局的双重影响,中国应高度关注拉美政局变化,采取灵活务实的应对策略,在公共危机中探寻发展新机遇。

政社应急协作平台作用发挥的影响因素分析——基于我国新冠疫情初期防控的质性研究

政社应急协作平台是政社应急协作中发挥“桥梁枢纽”作用的机构,其对政社协作能否顺利进行起关键作用。以我国新冠疫情初期防控中政府建立的政社应急协作平台为研究对象,运用扎根理论方法,以Nvivo11软件为研究工具,对影响政社协作平台发挥作用的因素进行了探讨。研究发现,观念认知、制度设计、公信力、胜任力、信息沟通、权责关系和协调合作是当前我国政社应急协作平台发挥作用的重要影响因素,并以“条件行动结果”模型概括了影响因素间的逻辑联系。

新冠病毒感染疫情下机械类“产教融合、协同育人”实践课程教学改革与探索

产教融合、协同育人是推动产业技术发展的新的高校人才培养模式。然而,新冠病毒感染疫情爆发后,产教融合人才培养的开展开始面临巨大挑战。全国各地疫情均有发生,高校学生无法正常返校及企业开始严格执行厂区出入人员数目管控制度,导致机械类专业学生实践教学空间受阻,教学效果严重降低。该文提出通过完善校企合作制度和构建线上实践课程等措施,探索疫情下校企如何正常开展实践教学方案,构建疫情下的机械类人才培养创新模式。

Potential herb-drug interactions between anti-COVID-19 drugs and traditional Chinese medicine

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),has spread worldwide.Effective treatments against COVID-19 remain urgently in need although vaccination significantly reduces the incidence,hospitalization,and mortality.At present,antiviral drugs including Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir(Paxlovid^(TM)),Remdesivir,and Molnupiravir have been authorized to treat COVID-19 and become more globally available.On the other hand,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has been used for the treatment of epidemic diseases for a long history.Currently,various TCM formulae against COVID-19 such as Qingfei Paidu decoction,Xuanfei Baidu granule,Huashi Baidu granule,Jinhua Qinggan granule,Lianhua Qingwen capsule,and Xuebijing injection have been widely used in clinical practice in China,which may cause potential herb-drug interactions(HDIs)in patients under treatment with antiviral drugs and affect the efficacy and safety of medicines.However,information on potential HDIs between the above anti-COVID-19 drugs and TCM formulae is lacking,and thus this work seeks to summarize and highlight potential HDIs between antiviral drugs and TCM formulae against COVID-19,and especially pharmacokinetic HDIs mediated by metabolizing enzymes and/or transporters.These well-characterized HDIs could provide useful information on clinical concomitant medicine use to maximize clinical outcomes and minimize adverse and toxic effects.

新型冠状病毒感染中西医治疗差异及协作模式分析

随着新型冠状病毒感染的不断传播,其病毒基因组也在不停地发生突变,形成传染性更强的变异株,影响疫苗的效力,对公共卫生安全产生了极大的威胁,也对防疫工作造成了巨大的困扰,使得疫情往常态化方向发展。全国多个地方散在暴发疫情,此起彼伏,防不胜防,使得抗疫战线被迫拉长,医疗资源持续处于消耗的状态,人们的生活节奏被打乱,整个市场经济也逐渐萧条,我们与新型冠状病毒感染之间的战争迫切需要一个良好的解决办法。基于四川省首例德尔塔新型冠状病毒感染诊治经验,比较中西医思维及诊疗实践的差异,研究新冠肺炎在预防、治疗、康复等各个阶段中西医协同参与方式,分析新型冠状病毒感染中西医协作诊疗模式,建设传染病定点医院,中西医各取所长、优势互补,最大程度发挥中西医各自的优势,对于建立疫情常态化救治机制显得至关重要。但新型冠状病毒感染只是我们与传染病对抗历史长河中的其中一种疾病,从与疫情长达3年的对抗中不断回顾、分析、探讨、总结经验,真正实现中西医协作参与诊疗疾病,如此当下次疫情袭来之际,我们的反应会更快,治疗效果更佳,防治周期更短,对我们今后再次面对重大传染疾病都有着莫大的帮助。

新冠肺炎疫情对科技创新的影响与应对策略

2019年底暴发的新冠肺炎疫情对全球经济社会发展和科技创新都产生了深远影响,在推动生物、信息等领域实现重大科技进步的同时,导致全球科技创新在一定程度上减缓,科技创新在应对疫情中的根本支撑作用凸显,以任务为导向的公私合作科技创新模式发挥了重要作用,同时导致科技创新不平衡现象加剧,面向人类共同挑战的国际科技创新合作需求显著增加。中国一方面应加强科技创新在应对疫情上的支撑力度,另一方面要提前谋划疫情后科技创新的发展策略。

后疫情时期中国-东盟经贸合作前景分析

在新冠疫情全球蔓延的背景下,中国和东盟携手合作,共同抗疫,并采取各种有效措施降低疫情对经济冲击造成的影响,率先复工复产,努力促进区域经济复苏,使东南亚经济最先走出低迷。中国与东盟的经贸合作关系也在疫情中保持稳定,双边贸易逆势中有所增长,东盟连续两年成为中国的最大贸易伙伴。展望后疫情时期,中国和东盟仍然面临许多困难与挑战,但新的契机也会在共克时艰中不断萌生。因此,双方要把握住新的发展机遇,承续良好的合作势头,同舟共济,砥砺前行,中国—东盟经贸合作的前景必将更加广阔。

新冠疫情背景下风险认知对家庭旅游决策合作意向的影响——有调节的中介效应分析

基于有调节的中介效应模型,对2020年5月至10月间有过出游经历的317个家庭旅游决策风险认知、负性情绪以及合作意向之间的关系进行检验,分析新冠疫情背景下风险认知对家庭旅游决策合作意向的影响。结果表明:体验风险认知对家庭旅游决策合作意向存在显著正向影响,即家庭成员感受到的体验风险越高,在家庭旅游决策中的合作意向越强;体验风险认知以负性情绪为中介对家庭旅游决策合作意向存在显著正向影响,中介效应在总效应中的占比超过1/4;感染风险认知以负性情绪为中介对家庭旅游决策合作意向存在显著正向影响;收入对感染风险认知对负性情绪的影响存在显著的负向调节作用;感染风险认知对负性情绪、体验风险认知对负性情绪、负性情绪对家庭旅游决策合作意向均存在显著正向影响。

多样化与中心性:印度尼西亚对华新冠肺炎疫苗合作策略

由于缺乏完善的医疗卫生体系,印度尼西亚(以下简称“印尼”)在应对国内新冠肺炎疫情时呈现出高度的脆弱性,以致其成为东南亚地区疫情最严重的国家之一。推进新冠肺炎疫苗全民接种是佐科政府应对国内疫情蔓延、尽快恢复经济的关键所在。中国是全球新冠肺炎疫苗供应大国,是印尼开展对外疫苗合作的重要对象,双方在新冠肺炎疫苗研发和技术转让、疫苗援助与采购以及本地化生产等方面取得了丰硕成果,为国际社会树立了双边卫生合作的良好典范。与此同时,印尼与多个国家和国际组织合作扩大新冠肺炎疫苗来源的途径,从而推动了印尼国内新冠肺炎疫苗接种进程,并积极将印尼打造成为东南亚地区的疫苗供应中心。为进一步推进双方在新冠肺炎疫苗领域的合作,中国可考虑与印尼加大多边途径的合作,满足印尼对疫苗来源多样化的需求,加大两国在新冠肺炎疫苗全产业链的深度合作,并继续支持印尼成为东南亚地区疫苗生产和供应中心,为构建中国—东盟卫生健康共同体贡献两国的智慧和力量。

后疫情时代澳门地区旅游业质量升级研究

自澳门地区回归20多年以来,经济实现跨越式发展,同时澳门地区享有“一中心、一平台、一基地”定位发展,承载打造世界旅游休闲中心的角色使命。2020年新冠疫情的到来,扰乱了人们的生活,全球旅游业停摆。旅游服务业作为澳门地区的支柱性产业,它的停摆使澳门地区经济受到巨大冲击。因此,后疫情时代澳门地区应该更加抓住机遇,同内地多方位深层次的合作,促进旅游产业质量升级,更好地融入国家发展大局。

Future of the current anticoronaviral agents: A viewpoint on thevalidation for the next COVIDs and pandemics

Despite the global decline in the severity of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases, the disease stillrepresents a major concern to the relevant scientific and medical communities. The primary concern of drug scientists,virologists, and other concerned specialists in this respect is to find ready-to-use suitable and potent anticoronaviraltherapies that are broadly effective against the different species/strains of the coronaviruses in general, not only againstthe current and previous coronaviruses (e.g., the recently-appeared severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2“SARS-CoV-2”), i.e., effective antiviral agents for treatment and/or prophylaxis of any coronaviral infections, includingthose of the coming ones from the next species and strains (if any). As an expert in this field, I tried, in this up-to-dateperspective “viewpoint” article, to evaluate the suitability and applicability of using the currently-availableanticoronaviral agents for the next coronavirus diseases (COVIDs) and coronaviral pandemics, highlighting the mostimportant general guidelines that should be considered in the next pandemics from the therapeutic points of view.

Coordination and Cooperation are Essential: A Call for a Global Network to Enhance Integrated Human Health Risk Resilience Based on China’s COVID-19 Pandemic Coping Practice

More than a year after its appearance and still rampant around the world,the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted tragically how poorly the world is prepared to handle systemic risks in an increasingly hyper-connected global social-ecological system.The absence or clear inadequacy of global governance arrangements and mechanisms is painfully distinct and obvious.In this short article,we summarize a set of COVID-19 pandemic-related analyses and lessons that are inspired by Chinese practice.First,strong government response is one of the most important methods to control a pandemic.Second,countries should be concerned about human-to-frozen goods-to-human transmission.Third,sharing resources and experiences through cooperation is crucial to ensure an adequate health response.Based on these insights,we stress the critical importance of coordination and cooperation,and call for a global network to enhance integrated human health risk resilience.