A Study on the Loss of Tourist Attractions in Central China Hubei Province During the Anti-Japanese War

This paper takes the Wudang Mountains and Wuhan Battle Memorial Hall as examples to investigate and analyze the losses of Wuhan during the Anti-Japanese War.The paper concludes with two inspirations:to make full use of the intangible cultural heritage spots to carry out patriotism education for primary and middle school students;and to effectively transform the cultural resources of the tourist spots in Hubei Province into cultural industries,in order to achieve the sustainable development of intangible cultural resources of Hubei Province tourist attractions.

The Grass-Roots Governance of the National Government in Tianjin Recovery Area After the Triumph of the Anti-Japanese War

The national government wants to penetrate into the grass-roots unit after the triumph of the Anti-Japanese War in the recovery area.Through the reorganization of the Baojia system,the government expects to achieve local autonomy and then solve the people’s livelihood issues.The new Baojia system provides a platform for people to achieve their own demands,which presents the vision of civil rights to a certain extent.However,because of the complexity of the postwar social environment,the Baojia system cannot completely represent the will of the people,and finally becomes a militarized organization that was used as a tool to carry out the government decree.

Under the Pagoda Mountain:Japanese POW Reformation During the Anti-Japanese War

As a typical Lenin-style political party,what should be concerned most is the CPC’s (Communist Party of China) capacity in fighting against and clearing enemies.This study provides a distinct perspective to observe and recognize CPC’s ability of turning hostility into friendship.Japanese prisoners of war (POW) had been poisoned by ultra-nationalism and militarism for years,and thus were extremely difficult to be reformed.However,under the correct ideological guidance of Mao and the unremitting efforts of the CPC’s political officers and cadres,a great number of them acknowledged the CPC’s political ideology and joined the CPC’s team.

Japanese Occupation and the Fracture of Chinese Cities＇Modernization Process - Wuhan as aSample

Wuhan in the modern times had been an important industrial base and a trade center in China;its urbandevelopment even reached the highest point after the breakout of the Anti-Japanese War due to abnormal and temporaryprosperity. During the seven years of Japanese invasion thereafter,however,the city proper was seriously damaged,urban functions deteriorated, the dynamic mechanism of urban modernization was severely wrecked, the ecoenvironmentfor urban development fell to its worst,and the modernization process was thoroughly broken. Wuhan＇ssituation embodies a concentrated reflection of all other fallen cities. Japanese occupation ravaged all key elementsnecessary for urban development and interrupted the modernization process,resulting in the failure of Chinese cities＇development of early modernization and transformation.

On Indiscriminate Bombardment during World War II: Opposition between Human Rights and Human Rights Abuse

Base on the strategic bombardment to destroy willpower of Chinese Anti-Japanese war, in the Second World War, Japanese aircrafts were nondiscriminatorily bombing China’s cities, which committed crimes against humanity. Actually, the US army nondiscriminatorily bombed Hiroshima and Nagasaki and damaged the human rights too. The US army, however, speeded up Japanese surrender and protected more people’s rights to life. It is never forgotten that the painful game of protecting and damaging human rights between Japanese militarism and anti-fascist alliance.

Battle of Human Rights and Anti-Human Rights in Chinese People's War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression

The Chinese Anti-Japanese War was a battle between human rights protections and abuses, between civilization and brutality, and between justice and evil. During the war, the human rights of Chinese people were completely violated by the Japanese aggressors, causing an unprecedented human rights catastrophe. At the same time, Chinese people vigorously resisted the aggression in order to defend the national survival right and safeguard the human peace against war. The history of human rights’ victory over human rights abuses tells us: aggressive wars are the most serious violations of human rights. We must protect people’s right to peace for every country in the world. In order to avoid violations of human rights by war once again, we must safeguard the international postwar order and prevent the revival of fascism, whose essences are contempt for and trample on human rights. Therefore we have to respect and protect human rights and defend both the collective rights of every nation and the individual rights of every person in the world.

武汉抗战时期“政治部第三厅”组建中国共两党的政治博弈

国民政府军事委员会政治部第三厅在国共合作背景下产生,它既是国民党政府的军事部门,也是中国共产党领导下汇聚大量进步人士的抗战文化机构,是武汉抗战时期共产党与国民党在抗日的共同目标下具体合作共事的唯一政权组织。武汉抗战期间,第三厅在宣传抗战的文化工作方面发挥了重要作用,也见证了国共两党在政治上的合作与斗争。从第三厅的建制发展脉络来看,其作为国民党的机构组织诞生于蒋介石加强个人军事集权、整合政工与党务的独裁统治中,天然具备为蒋介石宣传“一个政府、一个主义、一个领袖”服务的政治逻辑和工作宗旨。中共则立足建立“抗日民族统一战线”这一基点,坚持既独立又斗争的既定方针,牢牢把握文化宣传工作的领导权,聚拢大批左翼爱国人士,最终将第三厅建设成为中共领导的、团结各民主党派和人民团体的“战斗堡垒”。

Changes in the Foot Binding Culture: The Female Body and Politics in Regions Governed by the Communist Party of China during the Anti-Japanese War

Since 1949,Chinese mainland historians and creators in film and television,novels,and reportage have continued to shape the heroic image of female groups in the base areas of the Communist Party of China(CPC)during the Anti-Japanese War.They participated in production,women's mobilization,and reconstruction of the rural political order Tike men.55 They pursued the equality between men and women,marked by freedom of marriage,and also participated in regional guerrilla warfare to combat the Japanese puppet army"as men."However,in the remote villages of north China at the end of the Qing dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China,it was not common for women to unbind their feet.In wartime,most women over twenty years of age were forever left with the"three-inch golden lotus"(sancun jinlian)feet.The damage of the war accelerated their acceptance of the CPC's emancipation concepts and policies and presented them with an opportunity to actively implement them.The experience of survival drastically changed traditional aesthetics,ideas,and customs related to women.Physical and psychological changes occurred as a result of the war;women began to go out of their homes to participate in the work of the Women's Salvation Association and the Youth Salvation Association,and a group of women achieved marriage equality between men and women in the form of"divorce her husband"(qi xiu fu).Due to pressure,women carried more physical and mental responsibilities,faced insufficient advocacy for their rights,and the aesthetics and mentality of womanhood underwent change.

Image Reconstruction and the Reflection of Values in the Formation of National Traumatic Memories： A Review of Recent Anti-Japanese War Films and Teleplays in China

The cosmopolitan cultural behaviors employed by war films and teleplays in the reconstruction of national traumatic memories are worthy of understanding and respect. However, in present-day China, the quantity of Anti-Japanese War films and teleplays is abnormally high, and their values deeply enmeshed in a radical nationalism. The result is a general trend towards a ＂carnival of vengeful images.＂ Given the potential harms implicit in this situation, the question of just what kind of war narratives are appropriate for the contemporary circumstances of globalization should receive serious attention and reconsideration from society at large.

“国共合作”中的武汉抗战音乐活动

1937年“七·七”事变,日本帝国主义发动了全面侵华战争。从1937年底至1938年10月25日(武汉沦陷日),武汉成为全国抗战的中心。在全面抗战的局势下,促成了国民党与共产党的第二次合作。在艺术领域,成立了以郭沫若同志为首的“国民政府军事委员会政治部第三厅”(简称“三厅”),虽名义上是国民政府部门,实际上则是由中共长江中央局周恩来同志具体领导的。它团结和动员了文化、艺术、教育、学术界各民主党派、人民团体、进步人士一致进行抗日,成为国统区抗日民族统一战线的重要战斗堡垒。“三厅”是国共合作中的一个宣传部门,主要负责抗战的宣传工作,它曾先后在武汉举办了多次声势浩大,影响广泛的音乐宣传活动,鼓舞了波澜壮阔的人民抗日热情。

陈诚与武汉抗战

在武汉抗战中,陈诚作为武汉卫戍区总司令在政治动员、舆论宣传、军事部署方面做了大量工作,将武汉三镇及其周边完全纳入了战时轨道。作为第九战区司令官,他亲临前线指挥作战,取得万家岭大捷等胜利,为粉碎日本侵略者速战速决、灭亡中国的迷梦作出了贡献。作为军事委员会政治部部长,他以持久战理念发动全民投入抗战,同时也施行了许多限制共产党、维护国民党统治的措施。作为湖北省政府主席,他提出了新湖北建设的指导原则,为保护湖北教育事业基础采取了一些重要举措。他还成功主持了武汉历史上最大规模的工矿企业内迁,为坚持抗战提供了重要的物质保证。爱国主义是陈诚人生旋律的基调,武汉抗战是他展现并践行爱国主义情怀的重要阶段。

周恩来与武汉抗战

武汉抗战时期,周恩来作为中共中央长江局副书记、中央外交代表团负责人和国民政府军事委员会政治部副部长,在武汉辛勤工作了10个月,为武汉抗战作出了卓越贡献。在政治上,努力促成国共两党建立两党关系委员会,亲自出任国民政府要职,践行两党组织形式的合作,力促国民参政会问世,推动民主政治的发展,从而为国共两党在政治上合作抗战奠定了基础。在军事上,大力宣传贯彻国共两党保卫大武汉的战略方针,开展军事统战工作,推动两党军队协同作战。在武汉沦陷不可避免时,又顺应变化,配合当局认真做好撤离武汉的各项工作。在宣传文化统一战线上,利用分管第三厅的合法身份,广泛地团结和凝聚无数文化名流,积极推动成立中华全国文艺界抗敌协会,引导进步媒体,反击反共逆流,宣传和推动合作抗战。

沦陷与中国城市现代化进程的断裂——基于武汉城市样本的分析

近代武汉一直是中国重要的工业基地和商贸中心,抗战爆发后,因为畸形、短暂的繁荣,其城市发展一度攀至顶峰。其后的七年沦陷却使武汉城市本体遭到严重破坏,城市功能全面退化,城市现代化动力机制遭到严重破坏,城市发展的生态环境极为恶劣,城市现代化进程被彻底打断。武汉是当时所有沦陷城市遭遇的集中反映。沦陷使城市发展的各项要素惨遭蹂躏,城市现代化进程完全断裂,导致中国城市无法顺利完成早期现代化的发展与转型。

蒋介石与武汉抗战

武汉抗战时期,蒋介石对外力争国际反法西斯阵线的同情与支持,对内积极动员、组织和团结各抗日力量对日抗战,先后督导或指挥了徐州会战、武汉会战,大大消耗了日军的有生力量,使抗战开始由战略防御转变为战略相持。同时,还为部署其他各项重要抗战工作及安置难民、难童等做出了重要贡献,成功地实行了抗日战争由东部向西部的战略大转移,为谱写这一时期中国抗战的辉煌篇章立下了功劳。

毛泽东与武汉抗战

武汉抗战是中国抗日战争由战略防御向战略相持阶段转变的拐点。在空前团结、合作、民主、进步的气氛中,武汉成为全国抗战的政治、军事、文化中心。毛泽东以全球反法西斯与全国抗战的全局视野密切关注武汉,通过文章、电文、信件指导中共代表团与国民党紧密合作,为"武汉抗战"作出了不可磨灭的丰功伟绩。首先,他将与蒋介石为代表的国民党主导集团进行合作作为抗日民族统一战线的中心环节,促进国民党坚持抗战,巩固抗日民族统一战线。其次,向国民党建议武汉会战实行的战略、战术;同时指挥八路军积极开展独立自主的游击战、运动战,策应国民党的正面战场,粉碎日军三个月灭亡中国的美梦。最后,组建新四军,策应武汉抗战,并为武汉沦陷后的华中抗战预留伏笔。

抗战初期刘雪庵在武汉

1938年,刘雪庵在武汉从事音乐活动。在不到一年的时间,刘雪庵积极的投身于音乐的抗日宣传活动中。文章论述了刘雪庵与《战歌》杂志,他参与中华全国歌咏协会的活动、他参与怒潮乐社等音乐团体的活动,他在中国电影制片厂与"三厅"的活动,刘雪庵在武汉的创作及影响以及刘雪庵的抗战音乐思想。

走向失衡:会务纠纷中的政府、工人与工会——以战后(1945—1949)武汉地区为例

战后国民政府希望通过对社团的控制,在政府、社团与民众之间寻求平衡,维持社会稳定。而通过对战后武汉地区三起工会会务纠纷的个案研究可以看出,战后国民政府在协调政府、社团与民众的关系上,缺乏必要的利益协调手段,一方面政府自身的权威合法性受到越来越严重的质疑,另一方面其处理方式越来越倾向专制强硬手段回归,从而加剧了社会各阶层之间的利益冲突。这种政府、社团与民众三者之间走向失衡的关系发展最终导致了政权的崩溃。

合成战视野下的武汉城市视频监控系统研究

合成战的提出,符合当前犯罪持续高发的态势、新犯罪形态模式的出现以及犯罪的流动性和突发性的特征。武汉城市视频监控系统符合主体合成战、方法合成战和技术合成战的要求。发展中的城市视频监控系统仍有需要完善的地方,主要体现在法律支撑、优化系统和实战细化等方面。

抗战时期中福联合处在武汉经济活动述论

中福两公司联合办事处(简称中福联合处)是近代时期主要在河南省经营煤矿的中英合营大型企业。抗战爆发后,该企业为避免沦陷后煤矿资敌,将主要职员和数千吨机器设备迁移武汉。这一时期,该企业一方面想方设法在武汉开展多种经营,一方面积极与国民政府资源委员会及民营的民生公司等合作,在湖南湘潭及四川天府、嘉阳、威远、石燕等地兴办煤矿。其英国的福公司成为当时中国政府独家委托出口钨砂的代理商。该处为抗战时期内迁工矿企业如何发展做出了表率,为中国的抗日战争及后方工业建设做出了重要而特殊的贡献。