Comparison of Histological, Microbiological, and Molecular Methods in Diagnosis of Patients with TBLN Having Different Anti-TB Treatment Background

Objective The influence of anti-tuberculosis （TB） treatment history on tuberculous lymphadenitis （TBLN） diagnosis is unclear. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the diagnostic methods, including histology, microbiology, and molecular tests, used for TBLN. Methods In this study, suspected patients with TBLN and having different anti-T8 treatment background were enrolled. All the samples were tested simultaneously by histology, ZiehI-Neelsen （ZN） staining, mycobacterial culture （culture）, Xpert MTB/RIF （xpert）, real-time PCR, and high-resolution melting curve PCR （HRM）. Thereafter, the performance of these methods on samples with different anti-TB treatment background was assessed. Results In our study, 89 patients were prospectively included 82 patients with TBLN and 7 with other diseases. The overall sensitivities of Xpert, real-time PCR, histology, ZN staining, and culture were 86.6%, 69.5%, 58.5%, 43.9%, and 22.0%, respectively. The anti-TB treatment history revealed dramatic influences on the sensitivity of culture （P 〈 0.0001）. In fact, the treatment that lasted over 3 months also influenced the sensitivity of Xpert （P 〈 0.05）. However, the treatment history did not affect the performance of remaining tests （P 〉 0.05）. For rifampicin drug susceptibility test （DST）, the anti-T8 treatment showed only significant influence on the success rate of culture DST （P = 0.001）, but not on those of Xpert and HRM tests （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion Other tests as welt as culture should be considered for patients with TBLN having retreatment history or over 1-month treatment to avoid false negative results.

Comparison of two different treatment regimens’ efficacy in neovascular age-related macular degeneration in Turkish population—based on real life data-Bosphorus RWE Study Group

AIM: To compare two different anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(anti-VEGF) treatment regimens'-a priori pro re nata(PRN) and PRN regimen following^(th)e loading phaseanatomical and functional results in neovascular agerelated macular degeneration(n AMD) patients. METHODS: Totally 544 n AMD patients followed and treated with aflibercept(n=135) and ranibizumab(n=409)at 9 different centers between 2013 and 2015 were enrolled into^(th)is retrospective multicenter study. Patients with initial best corrected visual acuity(BCVA) interval of 1.3-0.3(log MAR) and a minimum follow-up of 12 mo were included. Patients under two different regimens-a priori pro re nata(1+PRN) or 3 consecutive intravitreal injections followed by a PRN regimen(3+PRN)-were compared in BCVA at 3^(th), 6^(th) and 12^(th) months, and in central macular^(th)ickness(CMT) at 6^(th) and 12^(th) months. The total study group, intravitreal ranibizumab(IVR) and intravitreal aflibercept(IVA) groups were evaluated separately. RESULTS: The mean CMT decreased in^(th)e 1+PRN(n=101) regimen from 407 to 358 and 340 μm and in^(th)e 3+PRN(n=443) group from 398 to 318 and finally to 310 μm at months 6 and 12, respectively. Anatomically,^(th)e CMT reduction at 6^(th) month(48.5 vs 76.4;P<0.05) was statistically significant in favor of 3+PRN group. BCVA changed in 1+PRN group from 0.77 to 0.78, 0.75 and 0.75;in 3+PRN group from 0.81 to 0.69, 0.72, and 0.76 at months 3, 6, and 12, respectively. Visual gain was statistically better in 3+PRN group at 3^(th) month(-0.01 vs 0.12;P<0.001). In IVR group, CMT reduction was in greater in 3+PRN at 6^(th)(44 vs 72) and 12^(th) month(61 vs 84), but statistically insignificant. The 3+PRN group revealed statistically better visual results at 3^(th) month(-0.02 vs 0.11, P<0.05). In IVA group, although statistically insignificant, CMT reduction(61 vs 89, 6^(th) month;85 vs 97, 12^(th) month) and visual gain(0.02 vs 0.16;0.02 vs 0.14;0.05 vs 0.11) was found in favor of 3+PRN group at all visits.CONCLUSION: The loading dose of anti-VEGF treatments in n AMD leads to significantly better anatomical and functional results, regardless of the agent, specially in early follow-up interval.

Treatment outcomes and adverse drug reactions among patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis receiving all-oral,long-term regimens:First record viewing report from Pakistan

Objective:To assess the effectiveness and adverse drug reactions of all-oral regimens for patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.Methods:This retrospective study was conducted at 10 Programmatic Management of Drug Resistant Tuberculosis sites in Punjab province of Pakistan.Patients receiving treatment for drug resistant tuberculosis from July 2019 to December 2020 with at least interim result i.e.6th month culture conversion or final outcomes(cured,complete,lost to follow-up,failure,death)available,were included in the study.Data was extracted from electronic data management system.For the reporting and management of adverse drug events,active tuberculosis drug safety monitoring and management was implemented across all sites.All the data was analyzed using SPSS version 22.Results:Out of 947 drug resistant tuberculosis patients included in this study,579(68%)of the patients had final outcomes available.Of these,384(67.9%)successfully completed their treatment.Out of 368(32%)patients who had their interim results available,all had their 6th month culture negative.Combining new medications was thought to result in serious adverse outcomes such as QT prolongation.However,this study did not record any severe adverse events among patients.Conclusions:All-oral regimens formulation guided by overall treatment effectiveness resulted in treatment outcomes comparable to those obtained with traditional injectable treatment.

Treatment regimen design in clinical radiotherapy for hepatoma

Recently, the paper by Wang et at published in World Journal of Gastroenterology has given rise to great interest of many researchers. It is well known that hepatoma is one of the lethal diseases with a high incidence in the world, especially in Asia. Radiotherapy is the main treatment modality of hepatoma in clinical practice. Unfortunately, intrinsic radiosensitivity of cancer cells is not fully understood, though a large number of papers on it are now available. Yang and colleagues 21 have developed the premature chromosome condensation technique for clinical radiotherapy of hepatoma. A precise and quick measurement of cell radiosensitivity can detect the highrisk results after exposure to a large dose.

Effectiveness and Safety of 9-Month Treatment Regimen for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in the Philippines

Background: The Philippines has a burden of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB). One of the key challenges in the programmatic management of DR-TB (PMDT) is the high rate of loss to follow-up (38% in the 2010 cohort). An urgent need for a shorter, more tolerable, less expensive treatment regimen exists. The aim of the operational study is to determine the efficacy and safety of the short treatment regimen among drug resistant TB. Methods: This is a prospective single-arm cohort study evaluating the effectiveness and safety of a shorter 9 - 11-month treatment regimen (9MTR) for rifampicin-resistant/multi-drug resistant TB (RR/MDR-TB) in 10 PMDT facilities. All eligible consenting adult patients with rifampicin-resistant TB were enrolled and received the standardized 9-month treatment regimen (9MTR), including injectables, with a follow-up after 12 months of treatment completion. Results: A total of 329 patients were enrolled from July 2015 to December 2016. At the 6th month post-enrollment, 256 (77.8%) of them had culture-negative test results. The end-of-treatment success rate was 74.1% (224 [68.0%] were cured and 20 [6.1%] completed the treatment). On the other hand, 10 (3.0%) died, 41 (12.5%) lost to follow-up, 33 (10.0%) withdrawn, 1 (0.3%) treatment failure. In the 12th month after 9MTR completion, among the 244 patients with successful treatment, 198 (81.1%) had culture-negative results, while there were 46 patients whose culture tests were not done. One patient developed TB relapse with fluoroquinolone resistance. The majority of the adverse events were mild that occurred mostly during the first 6 months of treatment. Conclusion: The 9-month treatment regimen had a high treatment success rate with a favorable safety profile. The loss to follow-up was reduced;however, it was still a challenge. The introduction of the 9MTR via operational research had a major impact on building national capacity and infrastructure for the programmatic adoption of a new regimen. Ten PMDT centers received training and experience, created diagnostic pathways, and active drug safety monitoring and management were built.

Combined intensive preconditioning regimen allo-HSCT with imatinib for treatment of Ph chromosome positive acute lymphocyte leukemia

Objective To evaluate the outcome of combination of intensive preconditioning regimen allo - HSCT with imatinib for treatment of Ph chromosome positive acute lymphocyte leukemia ( ALL) . Methods Between 2009 and 2010,8 patients diagnosed as Ph + ALL received

孕产妇血流感染病原菌特点与抗感染方案分析

目的为制订血流感染孕产妇的药物治疗方案提供参考。方法回顾性分析徐州医科大学附属医院产科2017年1月至2022年6月收治的57例血流感染孕产妇的临床资料,分析患者的临床特征、抗菌药物治疗方案、血培养分离菌株分布及主要致病菌的药物敏感性试验结果。结果均采用抗菌药物治疗;住院期间静脉使用抗菌药物疗程3~30 d,中位疗程9(7,12)d;联合用药42例(73.68%);57例患者的体温及炎性因子水平指标均有升高;血培养分离菌株62株,大肠埃希菌占比最高(59.68%),其次为肠球菌属(17.74%)和链球菌属(11.29%)。药物敏感性试验结果显示,大肠埃希菌对哌拉西林他唑巴坦、头孢哌酮舒巴坦、亚胺培南、美罗培南的敏感率为100.00%,肠球菌对氨苄西林的敏感率为81.82%。结论孕产妇血流感染以大肠埃希菌较常见,结合药物适应证可选择哌拉西林他唑巴坦、头孢哌酮舒巴坦或碳青霉烯类抗菌药物单药治疗,必要时可联合用药。

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Adverse Drug Reactions Associated Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis Treatments in Selected Treatment Centers in Addis Ababa Ethiopia

Introduction: The key to successful elimination of tuberculosis (TB) is treatment of cases with optimum chemotherapy. Irrational anti-TB drug use over time has led to drug-resistant TB. The treatment of MDR-TB with second line drugs is long, complex and costly, and has a considerable rate of adverse effects. The level of ADR reporting is low in Ethiopia due to different factors. This Study conducted in a selected treated area in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and helped the health care centers to understand the prevalence of ADR related MDR-TB and be aware of those adverse effects in order to detect them early and be prepared to take proper steps when they occur. Aim of the Study: To determine the prevalence and risk factor of adverse drug reactions associated treatments of Multidrug Resistant tuberculosis. Method: This was a cross sectional study, which was conducted between March 2012 and February 2013 at St. Peter TB specialized hospital and AHRI/ALERT. 73 MDR TB patients, who were on MDR TB treatments, enrolled to the study. Adverse Drug Reactions associated MDR TB treatments were assessed by patient history review and questionnaire. Chemistry laboratory was used to test renal function, thyroid function, liver enzyme and potassium level. Result: In 72 patients, at least two ADRs were found. The mean age of the study population (Mean ± SD) was 28 ± 8.8. In this study the most commonly found adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were: Anorexia 83.3%, Nausea and vomiting 82%, Gastritis 64%, Arteralgia 47%, Skin rash and itching 45%, Headache 29.2%, Depression 22.2% and Blurred vision 19.4%. Using binary logistic regression model older age (COR 8.71, 95% [CI] 1.06 - 71.9), alcoholism (COR 4.05, 95% [CI] 1.05 - 15.6), smoking (COR 0.24, 95% [CI] 0.06 - 0.87) and concomitant drug intake (COR 0.14, 95% [CI] 0.03 - 0.76) were independent predictors for ADRs. Conclusion: The prevalence of ADRs related MDR TB treatments is high. To minimize ADR occurrence, ADR predictors should be integrated into the clinical pathway. Monitoring of liver function, renal function, TSH and level of potassium during MDR TB treatment, helps to avoid complication caused by therapy and increase the adherence to the treatment.

Effectiveness of intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine: An in silico pharmacological model

Objective:To explore the efficacy of intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy(IPTp)with sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine(SP)against sensitive parasites.Methods:A pharmacological model was used to investigate the effectiveness of the previous recommended at least two-dose regimen,currently recommended three-dose regimen and 4,6,8-weekly regimens with specific focus on the impact of various nonadherence patterns in multiple transmission settings.Results:The effectiveness of the recommended three-dose regimen is high in all the transmission intensities,i.e.>99%,98%and 92%in low,moderate and high transmission intensities respectively.The simulated 4 and 6 weekly IPTp-SP regimens were able to prevent new infections with sensitive parasites in almost all women(>99%)regardless of transmission intensity.However,8 weekly interval dose schedules were found to have 71%and 86%protective efficacies in high and moderate transmission areas,respectively.It highlights that patients are particularly vulnerable to acquiring new infections if IPTp-SP doses are missed.Conclusions:The pharmacological model predicts that full adherence to the currently recommended three-dose regimen should provide almost complete protection from malaria infection in moderate and high transmission regions.However,it also highlights that patients are particularly vulnerable to acquiring new infections if IPTp doses are spaced too widely or if doses are missed.Adherence to the recommended IPTp-SP schedules is recommended.

Drug treatment

920622 Electrophysiological effects of ne-ferine on ischemic ventricular tachyarrhy-thmias.GUO Zhibing(郭治彬), et al. 1st AffiliHosp, Jiangxi Med Coll, Nanchang, 330006.Chin J Cardiol 1992; 20(2): 119-122. The electrophysiological effects of neferine(Nef, 8mg/kg, i. v. )on ischemic ventriculartachyarrhythmias in both normal and

Drug treatment

970216 Epirubicin containing regimens in advancedmalignant tumors——a report of 516 cases. SUN Yan(孙燕), et al. Instit and Cancer Hosp. PUMC,CAMS. Beijing 100021. Chin J Intern Med 1997; 36(3): 183-186. Objective: To study the effects of epirubicin contain-

康莱特注射液联合AP化疗方案治疗晚期NSCLC的疗效

目的观察康莱特注射液联合AP化疗方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的疗效。方法选取2020年1月—2022年12月遵义市中医院收治的晚期NSCLC患者60例作为研究对象,以随机抽签法将患者分为AP化疗组30例和联合化疗组30例。AP化疗组患者采取AP化疗方案治疗,联合化疗组患者在AP化疗组基础上予康莱特注射液治疗,2组均以3周为1个化疗周期,持续治疗4个化疗周期。比较2组近期疗效,治疗前后免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、血清肿瘤标志物[糖类抗原125(CA125)、癌胚抗原(CEA)和神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)]及不良反应。结果联合化疗组客观缓解率为70.00%,高于AP化疗组的43.33%(χ^(2)=4.344,P=0.037)。治疗4个化疗周期后,2组IgG及血清CA125、CEA、NSE水平及AP化疗组IgA、IgM水平均较治疗前降低,但联合化疗组IgG、IgA、IgM水平高于AP化疗组,血清CA125、CEA、NSE水平低于AP化疗组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。联合化疗组血小板减少、血红蛋白减少、恶心呕吐发生率低于AP化疗组(P<0.05)。结论晚期NSCLC患者采取康莱特注射液联合AP化疗方案治疗能够降低免疫耐受及血清肿瘤标志物表达,延缓病情进展,降低不良反应发生率,增强疗效。

86例初治涂阳肺结核患者标准抗结核方案治愈后复发的危险因素Logistic分析

目的探讨86例初治涂阳肺结核患者接受标准抗结核方案治愈后出现复发的影响因素。方法本研究中共纳入86例初治涂阳肺结核患者,所有病例均来源于济源市人民医院,选取时间为2019年5月至2020年5月,进行回顾性分析,所有患者均接受标准抗结核方案治疗,至少半年,在患者治愈后对其进行2年的随访,随访期间对患者进行痰标本细菌培养、痰标本结核分歧杆菌厚涂片检查,统计患者的转阴情况,以及是否出现复发,对初治涂阳肺结核患者采用标准抗结核方案治愈后出现复发的影响因素进行分析,之后进一步对初治涂阳肺结核患者接受标准抗结核方案治愈后出现复发的高危因素进行筛选,分析年龄、转阴时间与复发率的相关性。结果68.60%的初治涂阳肺结核患者在采用标准抗结核方案治疗2个月痰标本细菌培养、痰标本结核分歧杆菌厚涂片检查结果显示转阴,而23.26%的患者在治疗3个月时转阴,8.14%的患者在治疗3个月以上时转阴;共有8例患者出现复发,复发率为9.30%(8/86);初治涂阳肺结核患者治愈后的复发率在不同年龄、痰菌转阴时间下,均有明显差异(均P<0.05);初治涂阳肺结核患者标准抗结核方案治愈后复发的高危因素在于年龄≥60岁、痰菌转阴时间>3个月(OR=1.822、2.801,均P<0.05);初治涂阳肺结核患者标准抗结核方案治愈后的复发率与年龄、痰菌转阴时间均呈正相关(r=0.422、0.495,均P<0.05)。结论初治涂阳肺结核患者标准抗结核方案治愈后复发的危险因素在于年龄≥60岁、痰菌转阴时间>3个月,临床应针对上述因素进行预防并随时对治疗方案进行调整,以降低复发率。

慢性肾脏病矿物质与骨异常治疗方案评价标准的建立及应用

目的建立慢性肾脏病矿物质与骨异常(CKD-MBD)治疗方案评价标准。方法根据国内外CKD-MBD相关指南、文献资料及药品说明书建立CKD-MBD治疗方案评价标准。回顾医院2020年收治的512例CKD3a-5D期患者的CKD-MBD治疗方案并进行评价与分析。结果建立的CKD-MBD治疗方案以血清校正钙、血清磷、甲状旁腺激素水平为调控目标,评价标准中包含磷结合剂和活性维生素D使用是否合理。512例患者CKD-MBD治疗方案不合理率为26.95%,其中磷结合剂(醋酸钙片、碳酸司维拉姆片、碳酸镧咀嚼片、碳酸钙D3片)的使用不合理率为16.80%,活性维生素D(骨化三醇软胶囊)的使用不合理率为11.52%。结论建立的CKD-MBD治疗方案评价标准具有针对性强、干预方便、实用性强等优点,可规范CKD-MBD治疗方案,促进临床合理用药。

Novel Thrice-Weekly Isoniazid plus Rifapentine Short-Course Regimen for the Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection in a Murine Model

1.Introduction Tuberculosis(TB),caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis,remains a leading cause of death among infectious diseases worldwide.Latent tuberculosis infections(LTBI)contribute to the global burden of TB disease.TB preventive treatment(TPT)is a key intervention to achieve the End TB Strategy targets.The World Health Organization recommends LTBI treatment regimens,including 6 or 9 months of once-daily isoniazid(INH,H),4 months of once-daily rifampin(RIF,R),3 months of once-weekly rifapentine(RPT,P)plus INH(3HP),3 months of once-daily RIF plus INH,or 1 month of daily RPT plus INH(1HP).Clinicians and individuals with LTBI may be reluctant to implement TPT due in part to concerns regarding adherence to the long treatment duration and drug toxicity of the currently recommended LTBI treatment regimens.Shorter,better-tolerated,and cost-effective TPT regimens are highly desirable.Rifapentine is a long-acting rifamycin,and rifamycin-based regimens are now the preferred LTBI treatment because they have similar or better efficacy and higher completion rates due to their shorter duration.Based on our experiences with TPT practice among Chinese people with silicosis,we found that the 3HP regimen was not well tolerated due to an unexpectedly high frequency of adverse events(AEs)(70.4%)and grade 3 or 4 AEs(7.9%),especially the high incidence of flu-like systemic drug reactions(SDRs)(10.8%).

伊立替康+奥沙利铂+卡培他滨联合贝伐单抗双周方案一线治疗晚期转移性大肠癌的疗效和安全性

目的观察伊立替康+奥沙利铂+卡培他滨联合贝伐单抗双周方案一线治疗晚期转移性大肠癌的疗效和安全性。方法回顾性纳入2023年2月至2024年2月我院晚期转移性结直肠癌患者31例,均采用一线治疗:伊立替康160 mg/m^(2)第1天+奥沙利铂85 mg/m2第2天+卡培他滨1000 mg/m^(2)第1~8天(每日2次)+贝伐单抗5 mg/kg第1天(每2周用药1次)。分析该方案在不同基因突变、不同肿瘤位置的人群中的疗效和安全性。结果4例潜在可切除转移性大肠癌患者经三药化疗联合贝伐单抗治疗后成功切除原发灶和转移灶,其中2例存活且无复发转移,2例因复发转移而死亡。27例初始不可切除大肠癌患者接受三药化疗和贝伐单抗治疗后,虽无人手术,但总体缓解率达70.4%,中位持续缓解时间12.2个月,中位无进展生存期(PFS)13个月,中位总生存期(OS)33.5个月。在PFS方面,三药化疗联合贝伐单抗对基因突变大肠癌患者更有优势,但OS上两组相似;对于左半大肠癌患者,该治疗方案在基因突变人群中优势更显著,但OS无统计学差异;右半大肠癌患者数据不足以进行基因型疗效对比。左半大肠癌基因突变患者的PFS较右半更有优势,但两者在OS上无统计学差异。东部肿瘤协作组(ECOG)评分为0分和1分的患者在接受三药化疗联合贝伐单抗治疗后,在PFS和OS上均无统计学差异。共纳入31例,该方案≥3级不良反应发生率为45.2%,因不良反应下调任何一种药物剂量的发生率为45.2%(最常见原因是骨髓抑制包括白细胞、中性粒细胞和血小板减少),有35.5%患者因不良反应中断/推迟治疗,12.9%因不良反应完全终止该方案;另外,对于初始明确不可切除的患者,虽无差异,但左半人群在数值上仍然有所提高。结论伊立替康+奥沙利铂+卡培他滨+贝伐单抗的双周化疗方案在RAS突变的晚期转移性大肠癌的一线治疗中具有一定潜力,能有效降低不良反应,延长生存期,且临床疗效较为显著,但在未来仍需进一步扩大样本量以明确该方案的疗效和安全性。

贝伐珠单抗联合化疗方案治疗非小细胞肺癌的临床研究

目的 探讨贝伐珠单抗联合化疗方案治疗非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者的临床效果。方法 选取2018年6月至2022年6月我院收治的66例NSCLC患者,随机分为常规组和联合组各33例。常规组采用化疗方案治疗,联合组采用贝伐珠单抗联合化疗方案治疗,比较两组患者的治疗效果、血清指标水平变化及生存质量。结果 联合组治疗总有效率为72.73%,高于常规组的48.48%(P <0.05)。治疗后,联合组血清CEA、 CA125、 CYFRA21-1水平均低于常规组(P <0.05)。治疗后,联合组肺癌患者生存质量测定量表(FACT-L)评分高于常规组(P <0.05)。结论 贝伐珠单抗联合化疗方案用于治疗NSCLC患者,可明显提升临床疗效,降低患者血清CEA、 CA125、 CYFRA21-1水平,提高其生存质量。

Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome antiretroviral therapy initiated on the same day in treatment-naïve people with human immunodeficiency virus:A comparative study of efficacy and regimen

Background:Rapid initiation of antiretroviral therapy(ART)is recommended by guidelines,however,real-world studies of same-day initiation of ART in China are limited,and an optimal treatment regimen has yet to be identified.The study aims to provide a realistic reference for rapid initiation of ART.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of treatment-naïve people with human immunodeficiency virus(PWHs)who were diagnosed and prescribed same-day ART initiation from January 1,2021 to December 31,2022 at Chongqing Public Health Medical Center.PWHs voluntarily chose an ART regimen that divided them into two groups:National Free Antiretroviral Treatment Program(NFATP)-recommended regimens group(2 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors+non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors/protease inhibitors)and bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide(BIC/FTC/TAF)group.The primary endpoint was the virological outcome of the two groups for same-day ART initiation at 24 weeks and 48 weeks.The secondary endpoints included changes in CD4 counts,maintenance of the original ART regimen at 48 weeks,and lipid levels and renal function at 48 weeks.Results:A total of 255 PWHs were included in the study,including 131(51.4%)in the NFATP group and 124(48.6%)in the BIC/FTC/TAF group.The overall virological suppression rates at 24 weeks and 48 weeks were 78.2%(165/211)and 95.4%(207/217),respectively.At 24 weeks,the virologic suppression rate in the NFATP group was lower than that in the BIC/FTC/TAF group(65.3%[66/101]vs.90.0%[99/110],P<0.001).The median increase in the CD4 count was 198.0(126.0-300.0)cells/μL at 24 weeks,with 182.0(108.0-245.0)cells/μL in the NFATP group and 219(132.0-316.0)cells/μL in the BIC/FTC/TAF group(P=0.035).At 48 weeks,there was no significant difference in the virological suppression rate or CD4 count between the groups.The 48-week initial ART regimen retention rates and treatment retention rates were significantly higher in the BIC/FTC/TAF group than in the NFATP group(91.1%(113/124)vs.71.8%(94/131),99.2%(118/119)vs.93.0%(120/129),respectively).In terms of safety,there were no significant changes from baseline in levels of creatinine,estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR),or lipids in either group at 48 weeks.Conclusions:ART initiation on the day of diagnosis is effective,safe,and feasible,with satisfactory rates of virologic suppression,48-week initial ART regimen retention rates,and treatment retention rates in treatment-naïve PWHs.In our study,the early virologic suppression rate,CD4 cell counts,and treatment retention of the BIC/FTC/TAF regimens were significantly better than those of the NFATP regimens.

视网膜静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿的玻璃体内药物注射治疗方案研究进展

视网膜静脉阻塞(RVO)继发黄斑水肿(ME)及由此引起的眼底解剖结构的损伤是导致视力严重受损的主要原因之一,目前RVO继发ME的治疗以控制黄斑水肿、改善患者视功能为主要目的,玻璃体内注射抗血管内皮生长因子药物或皮质类固醇药物治疗是目前的一线治疗手段,近年来临床上很多研究采取了不同的单一或联合药物治疗方案,比较患者术后及随访的视功能恢复情况,为临床医生提供不同治疗方案的选择依据。本文就RVO继发ME玻璃体内药物注射治疗方案的研究进展作一简要综述。

蛋白琥珀酸亚铁口服液联合维生素C片在妊娠合并贫血中治疗的临床疗效分析

目的 探究蛋白琥珀酸亚铁口服液与维生素C片联合应用于妊娠期合并贫血患者治疗的临床效果。方法 本研究方便选取2021年5月—2023年4月宁德市妇幼保健院妇产科收治的88例妊娠合并贫血患者为研究对象,依据不同治疗方法分为对照组(44例)和观察组(44例)。对照组接受常规贫血治疗,观察组接受蛋白琥珀酸亚铁口服液与维生素C片的联合治疗。比较两组患者血红蛋白水平、红细胞计数、血红细胞压积和妊娠结局。结果 治疗后,观察组血红蛋白水平、红细胞计数、血红细胞压积均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。观察组不良妊娠结局总发生率为11.36%(5/44),低于对照组的45.45%(20/44),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=12.571,P<0.001)。结论 蛋白琥珀酸亚铁口服液联合维生素C片在妊娠合并贫血治疗中具有显著优势,不仅能提升血红蛋白和红细胞计数,还可改善妊娠结局。