Practice of Infection Prevention and Control Strategies in Risk Departments during the COVID-19 Epidemic

Objective: To explore the practice and application of infection prevention and control strategies in risk departments during the COVID-19 epidemic, and to formulate the infection prevention and control measures to provide advice and guidance in risk departments. Methods: According to the latest plan of diagnosis and treatment, prevention and control issued by the National Health Commission, expert advice and consensus, combined with the actual situation in our hospital, a series of infection prevention and control measures of COVID-19 in risk department was formulated. Results: During the epidemic period, the prevention and control measures of nine risk departments including emergency operation, anesthesiology, endoscopy center, blood purification center, otolaryngology, stomatology, medical imaging department, medical cosmetology department and pulmonary function room were established from six aspects, including pre-examination and screening, medical technology control, personnel management, personal protection, environmental disinfection, medical waste disposal, etc. Conclusion: During the epidemic period, the infection prevention and control strategy of risk departments is one of the key links to control the spread of the epidemic, and risk departments must pay attention to and strictly implement various infection prevention and control measures.

Internal Control Management and Risk Prevention Measures of State-Owned Enterprises

As an important pillar of national economic development,state-owned enterprises,their operational efficiency,and risk management ability are directly related to the stability and security of the national economy.As an important part of enterprise management,internal control management plays an irreplaceable role.Especially in the current domestic and international economic situation is complex and changeable,market competition is increasingly fierce environment,to strengthen the internal control management of state-owned enterprises and risk prevention measures is particularly important.This paper starts with the importance of internal control management and risk prevention for state-owned enterprises,and analyzes the problems and strategies in the internal control management and risk prevention of state-owned enterprises,in order to build a more comprehensive and efficient risk management system for state-owned enterprises to adapt to the ever-changing market environment and realize sustainable development.

Research of Risk Identification and Prevention of Underground Pressure Pipelines Damage Caused by External Disturbance

External disturbance is an important cause of underground pressure pipeline damage,which leads to accidents,and it is crucial to study the risk of damage caused by external disturbance and come up with proper prevention and control measures.We reviewed literature on risk identification of underground pressure pipelines damage due to external disturbance was conducted,and a list of risk factors was formed.Based on the list of risk factors,fault tree analysis was carried out on underground pressure pipelines damage caused by external disturbances,and risk prevention and control measures were proposed through the calculation of minimum cut sets,minimum path sets,and structural importance,in hopes of providing reference for the normal operation of underground pressure pipelines.

Risk prevention and control strategies for the severely affected areas of snow disaster in the Three Rivers Source Region(TRSR), China

Historically,frequent and heavy snow disaster(SD)has caused serious livestock death and casualties,resulting in a devastating impact on animal husbandry development in the Three Rivers Source Region(TRSR).From winter in 2018 to spring in 2019,the largest SD occurred in this area over the past 10 years,especially in core zones of the Lancang River Source Region.Field research results show that the main causes of the major SD include weak infrastructure(i.e.,roads,communications,warm sheds,and insufficient forage reserve),low rate of domestic animals for sale before the SD,and low loss settlement rate.SD occurrence could furtherly reduce the ability of disaster prevention,mitigation and relief of disaster loss.In the future,heavily affected SD areas should improve the forecasting ability of snowfall incidents,strengthen infrastructure construction,implement grass and livestock balance strategies,optimize livestock structure,improve loss settlement rate,and develop a modern compound model of animal husbandry development model that combines breeding,slaughtering and deep processing of animal product.

Security Risk Prevention and Control Deployment for 5G Private Industrial Networks

In this paper,we investigate and analyze the network security risks faced by 5G private industrial networks.Based on current network security architecture and 3GPP requirements and considering the actual application of 5G private industrial networks,a comparative analysis is used to plan and design a private network security construction scheme.The network security construction model,network organization,and key processes of 5G private industrial networks at the current stage are investigated.In addition,the key direction for the next stage of construction is discussed.

Evaluation and Risk Prevention and Control of Hepatic Injury by Traditional Drugs

My topic is the risk assessment of safety of Chinese materia medica.Next I will take drug-induced hepatic injury as an example.First of all,let us look back at what Chinese materia medica is.What are the real meanings of these 3 words? These 3 words Zi Hua Zi have been said more than BC 500."TCM practitioners are for treatment and medicines," what do you mean? Treatment means to find the cause of the disease and to find the law,while medicine is to find ways and means to cure diseases.

Construction Technology and Safety Risk Control Measures of Deep Foundation Pit Excavation

Deep foundation pit excavation is a basic and key step involved in modern building construction.In order to ensure the construction quality and safety of deep foundation pits,this paper takes a project as an example to analyze deep foundation pit excavation technology,including the nature of this construction project,the main technical measures in the construction of deep foundation pit,and the analysis of the safety risk prevention and control measures.The purpose of this analysis is to provide scientific reference for the construction quality and safety of deep foundation pits.

Clinical Research of Pre-Hospital Emergency Care, Nursing, Infection Prevention and Control for Senile Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fracture during Epidemic Period

Background: Novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) and osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) are the high incidences of diseases in the elderly. During the epidemic period, if not treated in time, the complications are high and the mortality is high. If we do not pay attention to infection prevention and control in pre-hospital emergency care, it will lead to the first time infection of medical staff and in-hospital cross infection in emergency outpatient receiving area. The correct consideration of both and the establishment of perfect pre-hospital emergency treatment and infection prevention and control synchronous strategy is an important premise to ensure the stable, orderly and safe medical treatment. Objective: To explore the effect of synchronous implementation of pre-hospital emergency care, nursing and infection pre-vention and control for senile OVCF during the epidemic. In order to improve the efficiency of pre-hospital emergency care and prevent the spread of infection. Method: A total of 92 elderly patients with OVCF who received pre-hospital treatment in 18 hospitals in Zhangjiakou City during the epidemic prevention and control period from January 2020 to November 2022 and met the inclusion criteria were selected as research objects, including 24 males and 68 females, aged 65 - 82 (74.2 ± 2.2) years. All patients were associated with concomitant injuries and underlying diseases. All patients in this group underwent predictive pre-hospital rescue and infection prevention and control procedures. Results: All the 92 elderly patients with OVCF received timely pre-hospital treatment during the epidemic period, and no aggravation occurred of the 92 patients, 35 were in the high risk area, 10 were in the medium risk area, and 47 were in the low risk area. Exclude OVCF for NCP Patients were treated according to the conventional diagnosis and treatment principles. Suspected and confirmed cases are transferred to designated surgical hospitals for treatment. All patients were followed up 3 months, 6 months and 12 months after treatment. There was no death rate, high satisfaction of pre-hospital first aid, high diagnostic accuracy, and good curative effect. None of the rescue personnel had any infection rate, and no hospital infection transmission and nosocomial cross infection occurred. Conclusion: It is the first step to safely treat patients and prevent cross infection to establish a perfect synchronous strategy of pre-hospital first aid and infection prevention and control.

高速公路风险防控设施应用研究综述与展望

高速公路风险防控设施的合理应用能够显著降低交通运行风险。本文首先针对高速公路风险防控设施的研究现状进行了回顾与总结,将高速公路风险防控设施划分为非电气化防控设施和电气化防控设施。其次,归纳了高速公路非电气化和电气化防控设施在风险防控中的作用以及研究中的关键问题,讨论了不同电气化风险防控设施的应用场景及其效用。然后,对由电气化设施构成的风险防控系统在多种典型场景中的应用效果进行了分析。最后,对高速公路风险防控设施应用综述结果及未来发展情况进行了总结。文献综述结果表明,高速公路风险防控设施和系统在不同场景中均能起到积极的效果;非电气化防控设施受限于自身物理特性,在应对动态信息发布和主动性、针对性风险防控上存在一定的不足;电气化风险防控设施以及风险防控系统的应用越来越广泛,对交通拥堵、不良天气等交通风险的防控愈加完善。同时,日渐成熟的车路协同技术和不断发展的智慧公路系统也是未来保障高速公路交通安全的重要一环。本文的研究成果可在一定程度上为今后高速公路风险防控设施的选型、设置及应用提供一定的借鉴。

公立医院廉洁风险防控量化评价研究

目的探讨公立医院廉洁风险防控量化评价,为提升公立医院廉洁风险防控工作质效提供参考。方法自行设计《公立医院权力事项廉洁风险防控检查标准》,从权力运行流程梳理清晰程度、廉洁风险点查找准确程度、防控措施有力程度三个方面对四川大学华西医院各部门/临床医技科室提供的权力事项廉洁风险防控进行评分和评级。结果共检查了236个权力事项的廉洁风险防控情况,根据检查标准,57项评为一档,103项评为二档,76项评为三档,占比分别为24.15%、43.64%和32.20%。经检查,全院236个权力事项的廉洁风险防控检查得分为(5.82±1.92)分,其中,流程维度得分为(2.11±0.75)分,风险点查找维度得分为(1.89±0.75)分,防控维度得分为(1.89±0.79)分,体现出部分单位的工作流程不够清晰、个别风险点查找不准确、防控措施不具体等问题。结论医院要结合自身工作环节的问题,从思想、行为、成效和考核评价几方面入手,着力思考廉洁风险防控长期建设中的具体化、精准化、显著化和可量化。

宏观审慎政策宽松实践、效果评估及现实启示

宏观审慎政策不仅要在风险积累时坚定稳妥收紧,而且要在风险显性化时及时有效放松,已有研究多聚焦前者,针对后者的研究相对较少,而后者对于完善宏观审慎政策框架、防范系统性金融风险、提高逆周期调节能力同样具有重要现实意义。本文探讨了宏观审慎政策宽松的内涵、作用机理和制约因素,梳理了新冠疫情前及疫情期间宏观审慎政策宽松的国际实践,并基于66国数据采用计量模型科学评估了政策效果,在此基础上总结了实施宏观审慎政策宽松的有益经验,分析了我国宏观审慎政策宽松实践现状及存在的问题,并提出政策建议。研究发现,宏观审慎政策宽松可通过稳定信贷市场、保障金融运行、引导正向预期、产生外部性等传导渠道实现政策目标,但也面临不少制约因素;总体看,疫情期间实施宏观审慎政策宽松显著缓解了疫情冲击带来的经济压力和金融压力,其中,逆周期资本缓冲工具的宽松效果相对突出;有效积累缓冲、保障缓冲释放、把握好政策尺度是提高宏观审慎政策宽松效果的重要因素;我国探索开展了内容丰富、特色鲜明的宏观审慎政策宽松实践,但还存在政策潜力有待释放、政策工具箱仍需丰富完善、政策视野需要向非银金融部门延伸、政策应对非传统风险能力有待提高等问题。结合我国宏观审慎管理实际,本文从健全完善宏观审慎政策宽松实施机制、疏通宏观审慎政策宽松传导渠道、把握宏观审慎政策宽松操作尺度、夯实宏观审慎政策宽松工具储备等四个方面提出政策建议。

基于措施优先级的失效模式和效应分析在结直肠术手术部位感染防控中的应用

目的评估结直肠手术后手术部位感染(SSI)防控措施执行的过程风险,探讨基于措施优先级的失效模式和效应分析(FMEA)的应用效果。方法应用基于措施优先级的FMEA评估结直肠手术后SSI防控措施执行的整个流程,对是否采取优化措施进行优先级排序,比较FMEA实施前后结直肠手术SSI防控措施依从项达标率、SSI发病率。结果评估后SSI高优先级防控措施7项,中优先级22项,对中优先级措施加强控制,重点对高优先级措施制定进一步的预防和可探测措施。改进后再评价结果显示,7项高优先级措施降至中优先级;16项中优先级措施降至低优先级。SSI防控措施执行达标率由77.15%(2566/3326)提高至92.47%(3096/3348),SSI发病率由6.04%(58/960)降至2.54%(60/2364)。结论运用基于措施优先级的FMEA可对结直肠手术SSI防控过程进行有效风险评估,并结合现状针对性采用预防性风险控制措施,可降低结直肠手术SSI发病率。

科技创新推动茶叶质量安全全程管控能力提升

现阶段我国茶叶质量安全水平高,饮茶安全有保障。茶叶饮用安全得益于茶叶科技创新日益发展,茶园绿色防控技术、清洁化茶叶加工技术、茶叶质量安全精准检测技术与风险评估理论创新,将茶叶质量安全从末端监管调整到从茶园到茶杯的全过程,为茶叶质量安全风险监测、风险控制与风险管理提供强有力的科学支撑。性诱剂化学生态防控技术、杀虫灯与诱虫色板物理诱杀技术、茶尺蠖与茶毛虫病毒生物防治技术、以草抑草绿色除草技术等茶园绿色防控技术从源头提升了茶叶农药残留控制水平;清洁化能源加热替代传统的燃煤燃材加热方式,显著降低了茶叶加工中环境污染物和重金属等有害物质的污染;质谱创新技术将茶叶质量安全检测提升到高通量精准检测与非靶向筛查水平,速测创新技术前移了茶叶农药残留的监测环节。文章介绍了近年来我国茶叶质量安全水平,分析了科技创新对茶叶质量安全全程管控能力提升的推动作用。

多元化管理策略对医用高值耗材风险防控的影响

目的探讨多元化管理策略对医用高值耗材风险防控的影响。方法选择2020年1月—2023年12月枣庄市某三甲医院使用高值耗材多的13个科室。将2020年1月—2021年12月枣庄市某三甲医院医用高值耗材管理采取传统管理模式,作为对照组;将2022年1月—2023年12月枣庄市某三甲医院医用高值耗材管理采取基于风险防控的多元化医用耗材管理模式,作为观察组。比较2种管理模式的成效。结果观察组在党支部参与所属科室高值耗材采购、使用、计费问题议事决策落实率为100%,高于对照组的33.67%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组医疗服务收入占医疗收入的占比增幅高于对照组,观察组百元医疗收入(不含药品收入)中消耗的卫生材料占比增幅低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组因耗材采购、使用、退货和计费不当进行廉政谈话人次为22人次,高于观察组的4人次,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于风险防控的多元化医用耗材管理模式提高了耗材管理规范性与有效性;规范了医疗行为,降低了廉政风险;同时也降低了医院运营成本。

典型特种设备质控数字化关键技术研究与应用概述

特种设备在各行各业被广泛使用,作为国民经济的重要基础装备,存在量大面广、重要性高、危险性大等特征,设备快速增长导致防控资源不足、质控效能不高。近几年,随着人工智能等新一代数字化技术的发展,为特种设备质量安全风险防控效能提升带来新的契机,为特种设备监管、检验、应急、维保等开辟新型业务模式奠定了技术基础。本文主要介绍“典型特种设备质控数字化关键技术研究与应用”项目的背景、目标、方案、路线、内容、创新、成果和效益等相关内容。

采场全生命周期的矿压危害事件知识图谱表示方法研究

知识图谱是认知智能研究不可或缺的组成部分。针对采场矿压危害事件传统分析方法对煤矿开采过程中应力时空演化过程及隐患演化与风险防控关系等表达存在不足的问题,本文基于采场全生命周期提出一种采场矿压危害事件知识图谱表示方法:首先,从地质灾害的角度,分析采场应力及分布的动态特性,对矿压地质灾害中的各节点进行动态关联,提出顾及时空过程的采场矿压地质灾害知识图谱表示方法。其次,从事故的角度,分析采场矿压事故隐患演化与风险防控过程,将隐患耦合演化与防治措施融入知识图谱表示模型中。最后,运用Neo4j构建矿压危害事件知识图谱。结果表明:依据该表示方法构建的知识图谱,不仅刻画了灾害事件中不同对象的时空演化过程,还描述了隐患耦合演化过程以及对应的风险防控措施,为采场矿压危害的防治提供了智能研究途径。

基于SWOT分析法的高校政府采购社会代理机构端风险防控机制研究

在高校政府采购行为中引入社会代理机构,有助于规范高校政府采购流程,提高采购效率。但由于高校采购需求的特殊性,以及社会代理机构与高校间的多重委托代理关系,极易导致采购过程中出现信息不对等,增加采购过程中寻租和腐败的风险。利用SWOT分析法分析高校与社会代理机构的关系,以约束与规范代理机构行为作为出发点,通过建立准入门槛和动态管理机制,强化采购人主体责任,降低由信息差导致的采购风险,促进社会代理机构间的良性竞争,提高财政资金使用效率。

企业数据跨境流动的风险防控研究

随着大数据经济的发展,数据已经成为各国竞相争夺的数字资源。通过分析企业数据的内涵及特征,根据我国企业数据跨境流动现状,探讨了企业面临的内部数据合规管理体系不完善、数据监管机构不明确等难题。目前许多国家就数据跨境流动提出了解决方案,在此基础上通过建立系统性跨境数据流动法律规范体系、加强国际合作等方式、设置独立的数据监管机构,提升我国数字企业核心竞争力,降低开拓境外市场的合规风险。

交易安全视角下碳排放权交易风险防控

在“双碳”战略目标的引导下,碳排放权交易已成为国家气候治理的重要工具。2021年,全国碳排放权交易市场正式启动上线,生态环境部先后发布一系列有关碳排放权交易的管理办法和交易规则,但碳排放权交易活动中存在的和可能发生的交易风险并未全部纳入立法防控中。有关市场准入、交易标的、交易资金和回购交易引发的交易风险缺少必要的立法防控措施,应当从适度提高市场准入条件、加强交易标的真实性监管、实行交易资金来源审查和强化回购交易风险防控等方面完善碳排放权交易的安全环境,保障全国碳排放权交易市场健康发展。