Associations with Organ Involvement and Autoantibodies in Systemic Sclerosis: Results from the Canadian Scleroderma Research Group (CSRG)

Objective: Serum from SSc patients was analyzed centrally to determine ANA patterns and extractable nuclear antigens (ENAs) between lcSSc and dcSSc and associations with organ involvement. Methods: 1145 SSc patients had ANA and ENA analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence on HEp-2 substrate at a screening serum dilution of 1/160. Most ENA antibodies [Sm. U1-RNP, Ro52, SS-A/Ro60, topoisomeraseI (Topo1), SS-B/La, chromatin, ribosomal P and Jo1] were measured by laser bead immunoassay;and RNA polymerase III (RNAP) by ELISA. Results: ANA was positive in 95% (same in lcSSc, and dcSSc). Centromere pattern was present in 34%, speckled 22%, nucleolar 18%, homogeneous and speckled (H&S) 16%, multiple nuclear dots 6%. Anti-centromere Ab (ACA) occurred in 46% of lcSSc and 11% of dcSSc (P = 0.0001). ENAs that differed between lcSSc and dcSSc subsets were Topo1 (OR 2.4, P = 0.0001) and RNAP (OR 5.6, P 0.0001) more common in dcSSc. Overall, 15% had positive Topo1;usually with a H&S pattern (67%);Topo1 was associated with ILD on CXR (OR 2.3;95% CI 1.5 - 3.5) and HRCT (OR 3.8;95% CI 1.8 - 8.2). RNAP occurred in 18.5% (35.4% in dcSSc vs. 8.9% in lcSSc). Scleroderma renal crisis (SRC) was 13 times more likely if RNAP positive;P = 0.0001. ACA was only weakly associated with sPAP > 50 mmHg (OR 1.8;95%CI 1.1 - 3.0). Conclusion: ANA homogeneous pattern alone is rare in SSc;ACA was significantly more common in lcSSc. Many ENAs are equal in lcSSc and dcSSc except RNAP and Topo1. RNAP has the highest OR of SRC. Topo1 is less strongly associated with ILD. Abstract word count: 249, Body word count 1246, Figures 2, Tables 2. Key Messages: 1) 95% of SSc has a positive ANA and ANA patterns in SSc include centromere, nucleolar, and homogeneous and speckled together;2) Most ENAs are equal in both dcSSc and lcSSc except anti RNA polymerase III and topoisomerase I;3) RNA polymerase III has the highest association (odds ratio) with scleroderma renal crisis, topoisomerase I is associated with interstitial lung disease;whereas anticentromere was not associated with elevated pulmonary arterial pressures on echocardiogram.

Anti-M₃Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Antibodies in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Background: Evidences have shown that anti-M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor IgG (anti-M3 mAChR IgG) are clinically useful autoantibody that exert a cholinergic pharmacologic effect binding and interacting with M3 mAChR at the level of exocrine gland (salivary and ocular). Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the associations between serum level of anti-M3 mAChR IgG in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and other autoantibodies, serum prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and clinical manifestations. Methods: Serum autoantibodies against M3 mAChR synthetic peptide were measured by enzyme-linked immuno absorbent assay (ELISA) using, as an antigen, a 25-mer peptide K-R-T-V-P-D-N-Q-C-F-I-Q-F-L-S-N-P-A-V-T-F-G-T-A-I corresponding to the amino acid sequence of the second extracellular loop of the human M3 mAChR. Serum levels of antinuclear antibodies (ANA), anti-Smith (Sm) antibodies, anti-phospholipid (APL) antibodies, and PGE2 were determined by ELISA in patients with SLE. Results: We found significantly enhanced titers of anti-M3 mAChR IgG in sera from SLE patients compared with healthy individuals (control). In addition, serum levels of PGE2 were significantly higher in SLE patients than in control patients and were significantly higher in active than in non-active SLE. No correlation was found with other autoantibodies present in SLE. By contrast, a positive correlation was found between anti-M3 mAChR IgG and PGE2 serum levels in SLE. Conclusions: As anti-M3 mAChR antibodies present in the sera of SLE patients may be another factor in the pathogenesis of this disease, and the increment of PGE2 in the sera of SLE has a modulatory action on the inflammatory process, suggesting that the presence of these autoantibodies against M3 mAChR may contribute to sustained immune deregulation and the strong inflammatory component observed in SLE.

Prevalence of Anti-Cardiolipin and Anti-β2 Glycoprotein Antibodies in Indian Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients

Anti-phospholipid antibodies (APA) like anti-cardiolipin antibodies (ACA) and anti-β2glycoprotien (anti-β2GP) are important cause of venous and arterial thrombosis and other occlusive vascular diseases. The prevalence of these antibodies in SLE patients at the time of diagnosis is not known in Indian SLE patients. This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of ACA and anti-β2GP autoantibodies in SLE patients and to correlate them with disease activity and immune parameters such as C3, C4 and CRP levels. where 85 SLE patients referred from Rheumatology Department, KEM hospital, Mumbai were studied. SLE disease activity was evaluated by SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) score at the time of evaluation. All patients studied were in an active stage of disease of which 37.6% patients had renal disorders, which were categorized as Lupus Nephritis (LN) and 62.3% patients did not show any renal manifestations (non-LN). ACA and anti-β2GP autoantibodies, to IgG and IgM subclasses were tested by ELISA. C3, C4 and CRP levels were detected by nephelometer. It was observed that 12.9% patients were IgG-ACA and IgM-ACA positive and ACA positivity was noted more among LN group Anti-β2GP autoantibody positivity was 27.1% for IgG and 31.8% for IgM., IgG-anti-β2GP antibodies were slightly higher in non-LN patients, whereas a higher incidence of IgM-anti-β2GP antibodies were detected in LN patients. Hence detection both ACA and anti-β2GP antibodies along with associated immune parameters were helpful to evaluate their possible association with disease severity in SLE patients. A long term follow up of patients having ACA and anti-β2GP antibodies without thrombotic event is also needed to detect their possible thrombotic event in future along with their clinical presentation.

PRESENCE OF ANTILAMIN ANTIBODIES IN SERA OF PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS

ＰＲＥＳＥＮＣＥＯＦＡＮＴＩＬＡＭＩＮＡＮＴＩＢＯＤＩＥＳＩＮＳＥＲＡＯＦＰＡＴＩＥＮＴＳＷＩＴＨＳＹＳＴＥＭＩＣＬＵＰＵＳＥＲＹＴＨＥＭＡＴＯＳＵＳＷａｎｇＨｕｉｚｈｅｎ（王慧珍）ａｎｄＣｕｉＪｉｎｇｔａｏ（崔京涛）（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＤｉａ...

Detection of Anticardiolipin Antibody in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Its Clinical Significance

Obuective To determine the frequency and the clinical significance of anticardiolipin antibodies(ACA) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE). Methods The serum ACA in 30 patients with SLE and 30 sera from healthy volunteers was detected by the enzyme linked immunosorbend assay(ELISA). Results In normal group the binding index(BI)of IgG,IgM and IgA type of ACA was 1.48±0.43,1.46±0.43,1.00±0.33 respec-tively .In SLE groups the BI of IgG-ACA, IgA-ACA was 3.04±1.25,3.07±1.61,1.96±1.05 respectively with the differ-ences being significant(P<0.05).ACA had relations with part ofclinical manifestations such as blood vessel inflammation,thrombocy-topenia,renal lesions,Raynaud's phenomenon,damage of nerve center system and alboratory noms as low complement C3.There were linear correlation between ANA and IgG-ACA or IgM-ACA with r=0.912,0.870,0.758 respectively,all P<0.01.Conclusio ACA could be used as a marker to evaluate the activity of SLE.

Bilateral Choroidal Occlusion in Antiphospholipid Syndrome Associated with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

This article reports a rare case of bilateral choroidal occlusion that occurred in a 24-year-old woman with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This young lady concurred with aorta ventralis thrombosis and bilateral iliac artery occlusion when presented, and experienced a rapid deterioration of vision. She also has a history of recurrent miscarriage. Corticosteroid,immunosuppression and anticoagulation therapy were administered. Patients with APS associated with SLE are at risk for thrombotic phenomena, which may affect the ocular vessels of all sizes, including choroidal vessel.Our case alerts ophthalmologists and rheumatologists that bilateral choroidal occlusion may indeed be developed in patients with APS associated with SLE, and is a potential cause of visual morbidity.

Pathogenesis of Neuropsychiatric Syndromes of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

The pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric syndromes of systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) is multifactorial and can involve various inflammatory cytokines, autoantibodies such as anti-neuronal antibodies, anti-ribosomal P antibodies, anti-NR2 glutamate receptor binding antibodies, anti-Sm antibodies, anti-U1-RNP antibodies and anti-phospholipid antibodies, and immune complexes (IC). Disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is integral to the neuropathology of SLE. Recently the possibility has been reported that aforementioned autoantibodies in the circulation may be strongly associated with disruption of the BBB. Each of these mechanisms might contribute to the pathogenesis of focal NPSLE (for example, cerebrovascular disease, movement disorders, myelopathy, seizures and cranial neuropathy) or diffuse NPSLE (for example, acute confusional state, psychosis and cognitive dysfunction) to varying degrees. In this review we focus on how the aforementioned autoantibodies, the BBB, IC and cytokines as well as chemokines are associated with the appearance of NPSLE.

An atypical presentation of Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease mimicking systemic lupus erythematosus: case report and literature review

Purpose: To report a case of atypical Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) that illustrates several overlapping features with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods: A case is reported followed by a review of the current literature. Case report: A 16-year-old boy with an unusual manifestation of Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is described. The patient presented with fever, weight loss and severe abdominal pain, due to extensive necrotizing retroperitoneal and mesenteric lymphadenopathy. During the course of his illness, he developed several symptoms suggestive of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): a pericardial effusion, cotton wool spots on the retina and antibodies against nuclear antigens (ANA), Smith (Sm) and ribonucleoprotein (RNP) antigens. However, no additional features of SLE were found. The patient subsequently fully recovered within two months, without initiation of immunosuppressive therapy. His autoantibodies became negative five months after initial presentation and he remains well at his 23 month follow up visit. Discussion: We hypothesize that the autoantibodies developed by our patient were secondary to self-antigen induced autoimmunity related to his extensive tissue necrosis. Despite initially having clinical features suggestive of SLE, our patient’s full and spontaneous recovery strongly supports the diagnosis of KFD. This illustrates the need for careful diagnosis, in order to avoid unnecessary and potentially toxic treatment with immunosuppressive agents.

Histone H1/MBP hydrolysing antibodies - novel potential marker in diagnosis of disease severity in systematic lupus erythematosus patients

Recently we have shown the presence of catalytically active IgGs, capable to cleave histone H1 and bovine myelin basic protein (MBP), in blood serum of SLE patients. Here we present data that demonstrate the correlation between a) proteolytic activity towards histone H1 and MBP of IgG-antibodies from blood serum of SLE patients and b) disease severity level in these patients. IgGs were isolated from blood serum by chromatography on protein G-sepharose. Commercial preparations of bovine myelin basic proteins (MBP) and calf thymus histone H1 were used as substrates. Analysis of the proteolytic activity showed that 16 of 38 lgG-preparations (42,1%) obtained from blood serum of SLE patients were capable of cleaving both histone H1 and MBP with different efficiency. It was revealed that the presence in blood serum of lgGs possessing proteolytic activity towards both histone H1 and bMBP closely correlates with manifestation of the disease severity in SLE patients.

Systemic lupus erythematosus combined with primary hyperfibrinolysis and protein C and protein S deficiency:A case report

BACKGROUND Systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)is an autoimmune disease characterized by systemic involvement and multiple autoantibodies in the serum.Patients with protein C(PC)and protein S(PS)deficiency are prone to thrombosis.In contrast,patients with primary hyperfibrino-lysis tend to bleed.CASE SUMMARY A 52-year-old female patient with bilateral pleural effusion was diagnosed with"tuberculous pleurisy"and treated with anti-tuberculosis drugs and prednisone.The coagulation-related laboratory results showed decreased fibrinogen,PC activity,PS activity,and antithrombinШactivity.The immune-related laboratory results showed positive antinuclear antibody,anti-Smith antibody,anticardiolipin antibody(ACL),anti-β2-glycoprotein I antibody(aβ2GPI)and direct Coomb’s test and decreased complement 3 and complement 4.Thoracoscopy was performed and bloody pleural fluid was drained.Pathology of the pleural biopsy showed lymphocytes,plasma cells,and a few eosinophils in adipose and fibrous connective tissue.Results of whole exome sequencing of blood showed no genetic mutations suggesting the presence of hereditary hematological diseases.The patient was finally diagnosed with SLE and primary hyperfibrinolysis,and was treated with prednisolone,hydroxychloroquine,and compound cyclophosphamide.CONCLUSION PC and PS deficiency in SLE might be related to ACL and aβ2GPI.SLE and primary hyperfibrinolysis can coexist in one patient,with both a risk of thrombosis and a risk of bleeding.

Clinical value of chemiluminescence method for detection of antinuclear antibody profiles

BACKGROUND Antinuclear antibodies(ANAs)are crucial in diagnosing autoimmune diseases,mainly systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).This study aimed to compare the performance of chemiluminescence assay(CLIA)and line immunoassay(LIA)in detecting ANAs in patients with autoimmune diseases,evaluate their diagnostic accuracy for SLE,and develop a novel diagnostic model using CLIA-detected antibodies for SLE.Specimens from patients with autoimmune diseases and physical examination specimens were collected to parallel detect specific antibodies.Individual antibodies'diagnostic performance and a model combining multiple antibodies were assessed.The findings provide valuable insights into improving the diagnosis of SLE through innovative approaches.AIM To compare the performance of CLIA and LIA in detecting ANAs in patients with autoimmune diseases,assess their accuracy for SLE,and develop a novel diagnostic model using CLIA-detected antibodies for SLE.METHODS Specimens have been obtained from 270 patients with clinically diagnosed autoimmune disorders,as well as 130 physical examination specimens.After that,parallel detection of anti-double-stranded DNA(dsDNA)antibody,anti-histone(Histone)antibody,anti-nucleosome(Nuc)antibody,anti-Smith(Sm)antibody,anti-ribosomal P protein(Rib-P)antibody,anti-sicca syndrome A(Ro60)antibody,anti-sicca syndrome A(Ro52)antibody,anti-sicca syndrome(SSB)antibody,anticentromere protein B(Cenp-B)antibody,anti-DNA topoisomerase 1(Scl-70)antibody,anti-histidyl tRNA synthetase(Jo-1)antibody,and anti-mitochondrial M2(AMA-M2)antibody was performed using CLIA and LIA.The detection rates,compliance rates,and diagnostic performance for SLE were compared between the two methodologies,followed by developing a novel diagnostic model for SLE.RESULTS CLIA and LIA exhibited essentially comparable detection rates for anti-dsDNA antibody,anti-Histone antibody,anti-Nuc antibody,anti-Sm antibody,anti-Rib-P antibody,anti-Ro60 antibody,anti-Ro52 antibody,anti-SSB antibody,anti-Cenp-B antibody,anti-DNAScl-70 antibody,anti-Jo-1 antibody and anti-AMA-M2 antibody(P>0.05).The two methods displayed identical results for the detection of anti-dsDNA antibody,anti-Histone antibody,anti-Nuc antibody,anti-Sm antibody,anti-Ro60 antibody,anti-Ro52 antibody,anti-SSB antibody,anti-Cenp-B antibody,anti-Scl-70 antibody,and anti-AMA-M2 antibody(Kappa>0.7,P<0.05),but showed a moderate agreement for the detection of anti-Rib-P antibody and anti-Jo-1 antibody(Kappa=0.671 and 0.665;P<0.05).In addition,the diagnostic performance of these antibodies detected by both methods was similar for SLE.The diagnostic model's area under the curve values,sensitivity,and specificity,including an anti-dsDNA antibody and an anti-Ro60 antibody detected by CLIA,were 0.997,0.962,and 0.978,respectively.These values were higher than the diagnostic performance of individual antibodies.CONCLUSION CLIA and LIA demonstrated excellent overall consistency in detecting ANA profiles.A diagnostic model based on CLIA-detected antibodies can successfully contribute to developing a novel technique for detecting SLE.

Therapeutic Implications of Monoclonal Antibody

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a distinct public health issue that calls for the quick development of novel treatments and viral detection. Due to their high specificity and reliability, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have emerged as useful diagnostic and therapeutic tools for a variety of diseases. As a result, several scientists have jumped right into developing Ab-based assays for the identification of SARS-CoV-2 and Ab drugs for use as COVID-19 therapy agents. Since the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is essential for viral infection and has a known precise structure, it has become a key target for the creation of therapeutic antibodies. The use of Ab cocktails is anticipated to be a key component of an efficient COVID-19 treatment plan since SARS-CoV-2 is an RNA virus with a high mutation rate, particularly when subjected to the selection pressure of aggressively applied preventive vaccinations and neutralizing Abs. Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2 infection could provoke an overzealous immune response, leading to a cytokine storm that accelerates the onset of a severe disease. Abs to counteract cytokine storms are also actively being researched as COVID-19 therapies. Abs are now used in SARS-CoV-2 detection assays, including immunoglobulin and antigen tests, in addition to their use as medicines. In order to stop the spread of COVID-19, such Ab-based detection tests are essential surveillance tools. In this article, we’ll go over several important ideas related to mAb-based COVID-19 pandemic detection tests and treatments. Objective: To understand the role of hybridoma technology in therapeutic implications. 1) To study the basic concepts and options in hybridoma technology;2) To study the applications of hybridoma technology;3) To explore how hybridoma technology is applied in diagnostic histopathology. Method: For this method generally there is use of mouse or mammals are transfect with the Ags to find out the formation of antibody afterwards isolate the antibody which has been formed after injecting the antigens for a number of weeks. Following are the steps for mAbs: Step 1: In this step immunization of mouse is done;Step 2: Spleen is used for the isolation of B cells;Step 3: Cultivation of cancerous cells;Step 4: Merging of B cells with Myeloma cells;Step 5: This step cell lines are separated;Step 6: in the next step screening the suitable cell lines;Step 7: observation of multiplication in vitro as well as in vivo;Step 8: Harvesting. Discussion: Now a day there are many diseases which has been cured easily at the mean time it’s very difficult to diagnose and get the treatment. Due to advancement of monoclonal antibodies are used in the diagnosis and treatments such as COVID-19, SARS and SARS COV-2. Therefore important part of the monoclonal antibodies are its used in the diagnosis as well as in the treatment tools.

抗C1q抗体与儿童活动性系统性红斑狼疮和活动性狼疮性肾炎的相关性分析

目的研究抗C1q抗体与儿童活动性系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)和狼疮性肾炎(lupus nephritis,LN)的相关性,以及对活动性SLE和活动性LN的诊断价值。方法回顾性选择2016年1月-2019年3月中南大学湘雅二医院儿童医学中心住院的SLE患儿90例为SLE组,所有患儿均检测抗C1q抗体。收集同期住院的70例其他自身免疫性疾病(other autoimmune diseases,OAD)患儿为OAD组,比较两组抗C1q抗体水平差异,分析抗C1q抗体与SLE和LN各指标的相关性,评价抗C1q在SLE和LN中的诊断价值。结果SLE组患儿血清抗C1q抗体水平高于OAD组(P<0.05)。SLE疾病活动性指数与抗C1q抗体呈正相关(rs=0.371,P<0.001),与抗双链DNA抗体呈正相关(rs=0.370,P<0.001)。抗C1q抗体诊断活动性SLE的灵敏度和特异度分别为89.90%和53.90%,曲线下面积为0.720(P<0.05),临界值为5.45 U/mL。抗C1q抗体水平对诊断活动性LN的灵敏度和特异度分别为58.50%和85.00%,曲线下面积为0.675(P<0.05),临界值为22.05 U/mL。结论抗C1q抗体可作为评价儿童SLE疾病活动性或预测LN活动性的无创生物学指标之一。

脑脊液抗GFAP抗体阳性的原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤1例报告

本文报道1例原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤(PCNSL)病例。患者为青年男性,亚急性起病,病情迁延8月余,主要表现为逐渐加重的头痛及头晕,头部核磁影像提示脑室扩张、脑积水,脑膜强化;早期脱水降颅压后头痛症状可缓解;脑脊液中抗GFAP抗体阳性,经激素治疗后症状一度好转,然而激素减量后头痛症状再次加重;最终经脑脊液细胞学、脑脊液免疫细胞化学染色得以明确诊断PCNSL。

非洲猪瘟p62蛋白的原核表达及多克隆抗体制备

为了获得非洲猪瘟(african swine fever virus,ASFV)p62蛋白进行血清学诊断技术研究。根据GenBank ASFV参考序列合成CP530R基因(编码p62蛋白),插入pET-32a(+)载体,转化到大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞,SDS-PAGE及Western blot鉴定。采用Ni柱纯化p62蛋白,然后免疫Balb/c雌鼠,制备鼠抗ASFV p62蛋白的多克隆抗体,ELISA检测多抗效价。结果表明,成功构建了pET32a-p62质粒,表达蛋白为56.1 kDa,以包涵体表达为主。Western blot显示该蛋白能与ASFV阳性血清结合。Ni柱纯化获得p62蛋白浓度为2.9 mg/mL。用该蛋白免疫小鼠,三免后抗体效价达1∶256000。表明表达蛋白具有良好抗原性,制备的p62多克隆抗体具有较高的反应性和特异性,为进一步研究p62蛋白的特性和诊断奠定基础。

抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体与系统性红斑狼疮患者疾病活动度的相关性

目的 探讨中性粒细胞胞浆抗体(anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody, ANCA)在系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus, SLE)患者疾病活动中的作用,为临床诊疗提供实验室依据。方法 将1 025例SLE患者纳入本研究,并依据系统性红斑狼疮疾病活动指数(systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index, SLEDAI)将其分为非活动组(n=750)和活动组(n=275)。记录并比较两组患者的人口学特征、临床症状、自身抗体、常规实验室检查、细胞因子和肾脏病理学等指标。结果 活动组患者具有肾、肺、皮肤、关节炎表现的发生率明显高于非活动组(均P <0.05)。所有患者均进行了ANCA检测,核周型ANCA(perinuclear ANCA, p-ANCA)是最主要的核型,且与疾病的活动状态显著相关(P <0.05)。对两组患者的自身抗体进行分析,结果显示,对髓过氧化物酶(myeloperoxidase, MPO)有反应的患者有25例,所有患者对蛋白酶3(proteinase 3, PR3)均无反应;此外,两组之间的抗双链DNA(double-stranded DNA,dsDNA)抗体、抗核小体抗体的差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。与非活动组相比,活动组p-ANCA+的患者血清β2-微球蛋白(beta-2-microglobulin,β2-MG)显著升高、抗dsDNA抗体滴度及SLEDAI评分明显增加;相反,白蛋白、C3和C4水平显著降低(P <0.05)。同时,p-ANCA与IL-6水平明显相关,且IL-6水平随SLEDAI的增加而显著增加。此外,p-ANCA阳性的患者更易于发生狼疮性肾炎,但与肾脏病理无关。结论 在SLE患者中,p-ANCA的出现表明了更严重的疾病活动状态。

抗Ro52抗体阳性的系统性红斑狼疮患者心血管损害的临床特点

目的分析抗Ro52抗体阳性的系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)患者心血管损害的特点,旨在探讨抗Ro52抗体对SLE心血管系统的影响作用。方法收集2015年1月至2020年10月于中山大学附属第五医院住院的SLE患者共517例患者的临床资料,根据抗Ro52抗体阳性与否,分为抗Ro52抗体阳性组和抗Ro52抗体阴性组,回顾比较两组出现各种类型心血管损害的特点及超声心动图参数。结果纳入517例SLE患者,361例患者合并心血管疾病(cardiovascular disease,CVD),占69.8%。抗Ro52抗体阳性组的SLE患者出现心血管系统受累的患病率较阴性组稍高(74.1%vs,68.6%),但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组均以瓣膜损害最为常见,心肌疾病次之,其余表现为心包积液、QTc间期延长、ST-T改变、心律失常、肺动脉高压、冠心病、急性心力衰竭等。抗Ro52抗体阳性的SLE患者左心房内径、左心室内径、左心室质量小于抗Ro52抗体阴性组,阳性组更容易出现严重的心血管系统损害(均P<0.05)。结论心血管系统是SLE最常累及的系统之一,主要表现为瓣膜损害、心肌病变、心包积液,严重者可出现急性心肌梗死、急性脑梗死、中重度肺动脉高压等心血管疾病。抗Ro52抗体可能对SLE心血管系统损害有一定的影响作用。

以皮肤瘙痒为首发症状的原发性胆汁性肝硬化临床误诊分析

目的分析以皮肤瘙痒为首发症状的原发性胆汁性肝硬化(PBC)患者早期误诊的原因及防范措施。方法选取2022年5月至2023年11月收治早期误诊为皮肤瘙痒症的以皮肤瘙痒为首发症状的PBC患者,分析其临床资料。结果3例中2例为中老年女性,1例为中年男性,均以皮肤瘙痒为首发症状就诊,并伴全身乏力,均未查肝功能,初诊为皮肤瘙痒症,予对症治疗未见明显好转。后经详细查体、多次查肝功能、腹部彩超和(或)肝脏CT,并行血清抗线粒体抗体(AMA)检测阳性,确诊为PBC。误诊时间13 d~4年半。确诊后予以熊去氧胆酸等药物治疗,肝功能恢复正常,症状好转或消失。结论PBC早期症状常不典型,当接诊以皮肤瘙痒为主要症状伴乏力、黄疸和肝功能损伤无或较轻患者时,应多次动态观察肝功能指标变化,行血清AMA检测,必要时行肝穿刺病理学检查,多可确诊。此外,接诊医生应加强对本病的认识,熟知引起肝功能损伤的病因,仔细鉴别,认真查体,尤其应重视男性患者发病的可能,提高警惕性。

动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病靶向治疗的临床研究进展

动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病(ASCVD)是全球范围首位死亡原因,随着人口老龄化进程,我国心血管病发病率和死亡率持续上升。目前对于ASCVD高危人群的无创筛查和有效治疗仍然存在巨大挑战。在过去的十年中,单克隆抗体和RNA干扰药物等创新疗法进入临床应用,为ASCVD靶向降脂和抗炎治疗提供更为有效的干预手段。同时,针对ASCVD诊疗的仿生药物和纳米制剂相继进入临床研究,取得突破性的进展。本文综述了近年来基于单抗、RNA干扰等创新药物在ASCVD靶向降脂和抗炎治疗方面的临床应用进展,同时总结了基于纳米递送系统的创新药物制剂用于靶向诊疗ASCVD的研究进展。

益气温阳活血利水法在膜性肾病中的疗效及对相关抗体、凝血纤溶系统的影响

目的:探究益气温阳活血利水法在膜性肾病(MN)中的疗效及对相关抗体、凝血纤溶系统的影响。方法:选择2020年6月-2022年6月北京市昌平区中医医院收治的83例MN患者,根据随机数表法分为对照组(n=41)和观察组(n=42)。对照组进行常规MN治疗,观察组则在对照组的基础上加用益气温阳活血利水法进行治疗。比较两组的MN治疗总有效率、治疗前后的症状体征积分(颜面肢体水肿、神疲乏力及畏寒肢冷)、相关抗体指标[血清抗磷脂酶A2受体抗体(PLA2R-Ab)及磷脂酶A2-ⅠB(PLA2-ⅠB)]及凝血纤溶指标[组织纤维溶酶原激活物(t-PA)、纤溶酶原激活抑制剂(PAI-Ⅰ)及活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶时间(TT)]。结果:观察组治疗总有效率显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组症状体征积分、相关抗体指标及凝血纤溶指标比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗1个疗程及2个疗程后,观察组各项症状体征积分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗1个疗程及2个疗程后,观察组PLA2R-Ab、PLA2-ⅠB及PAI-Ⅰ显著低于对照组,t-PA高于对照组,APTT、TT长于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:益气温阳活血利水法应用于MN中的疗效较好,且可有效改善患者相关抗体及凝血纤溶状态。