Teaching Reform and Practice of Functional Experiment Based on the Cultivation of Excellent Medical Talents

In order to cultivate excellent clinical medical talents with a solid foundation, strong literacy, refined skills, excellent communication abilities, innovative thinking, and a strong focus on practicality, functional experiments have undergone a series of reforms in areas such as constructing new curriculum systems, improving teaching content, updating teaching equipment, introducing new teaching models, and enhancing teaching evaluation systems.

Reform of Practical Teaching of “Linux Operating System Fundamentals” Under the Background of Emerging Engineering Education

With the advancement of the construction of emerging engineering education,the reform of practical teaching has become an important task of higher engineering education.This article takes the course“Linux Operating System Fundamentals”as an example to explore practical teaching reform in the context of emerging engineering education.By analyzing the current situation and problems in course practical teaching,we proposed practical teaching reforms such as online experiments,practical content updates,project-based engineering practices,and diversified evaluation models,and designed corresponding implementation plans.Practice has proved that this reform can improve students’learning interest and engineering practical skills,and cultivate outstanding engineers with innovative spirit and practical skills.

Practical Experience in Home Care of Nursing Interns: A Qualitative Research

Purpose: To explore practical experience in home care of nursing interns. Methods: The phenomenological method for qualitative research was to interview 15 nursing interns in a semi-structured way, and then the collected data were analyzed and summarized by using the Colaizzi analysis method. Results: Interviewing results showed that there were five recurring themes, including: 1) personalized care;2) health education;3) humanistic care;4) solid professional foundation and sense of responsibility;5) expanded vision. Conclusion: Through home care practice, nursing interns deepened their cognitions of nursing connotation, stimulated their love for nursing and motivation of continuous learning, and improved their sense of identity to nursing career. In general, the practice of home care had a positive impact on nursing interns.

Empowering Students with Practical ＂Working＂ Experience through Hands-on Multidisciplinary Design Projects

One of the problems that many engineering graduates face when looking for their first job is： Do you have experience？ Employers prefer graduates with relevant experience to those without. Why is experience so important to employers？ Can students accumulate ＂working＂ experience while studying in college？ This paper discusses the use of design projects inside and outside of classrooms to help students gain ＂working＂ experience and skills through hands-on design activities that simulate the actual design activities that occur in the industry. Faculty members from the Mechanical Engineering Technology and Computer Engineering Technology departments were involved in creating multidisciplinary design projects. The design projects give students new insights into what they learn in their coursework and pro.vide students the valuable experiences in analytical skills, concurrent engineering approach, people skills, and management skills needed for the students when looking for employment.

Mothers Experience about Complementary Feeding Practice in Bangladesh

Background: Complementary feeding is a significant milestone that has nutritional, developmental, and health implications. Worldwide, 33% of the deaths are linked to malnutrition. Objective: To describe the mothers’ experience about complementary feeding practice with child aged less than two years in Bangladesh. Method: A descriptive qualitative study was conducted from July 2018 to June 2019. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) NIANER. 20 mothers of children of 6 - 24 months of age were recruited purposively who live in Sattalla slum. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the mothers’ demographic characteristics and thematic analysis was used to describe mothers’ experience about complementary feeding practice. Results: The study showed that the average age of the mothers was 25 (SD = 4.75) years. Only 5% of the mothers have higher education. Through the findings, two main themes have been identified. Moreover, first main theme includes three subthemes. Fifty percent of the mothers stated that appropriate time to start complementary food for their babies is from 6 months of age. Mothers feed various types of complementary foods. Most of the mothers have knowledge about complementary feeding but they do not practice appropriately. Almost all of the mothers (95%) stated that their babies do not like to eat anything, and 45% of mothers feed only breast milk. Conclusion: Findings of the study will provide information for the nurses resulted in increasing the rate of complementary feeding practice among mothers of children in Bangladesh. Future study is needed to identify the factors influencing complementary feeding practice among mothers of 6 - 24 months old children in Bangladesh.

Experience and Practice Path of China's International Cultural Transmission

Since the reformand opening up 3 0 years ago,our country has constantly adjusted strategy in the cultural transmission,and has greatly enhanced the culture consciousness and self-confidence,laying a solid foundation to further deepen the cultural transmission.Fromthe perspective of the value of China’s international cultural transmission,this paper summarizes the experience of international culture transmission,and explores how to strengthen international cultural transmission path construction in our country.

ENCLOSURE EXPERIMENTS ON AND LACUSTRINE PRACTICE FOR ELIMINATING MICROCYSTIS BLOOM

Microcystis bloom, one of the most objectionable characteristics of eutrophication in tropical and subtropical waters, occurred in Donghu Lake (East Lake) of Wuhan every summer from the 1970s up to 1984, but from 1985 up to now failed to occur there. The cause of its disappearance remained in obscurity until recently. In situ enclosure experiments in the lake for three years showed that the stocking of the filter-feeding silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and big-head carp (Aristichthys nobilis) played a decisive role in eliminating Microcystis bloom from the lake; but that recurrence of the bloom is possible under certain conditions. This paper presents the details and the results of enclosure experiments. The authors’ analysis of fish biomass data obtained by echo-sounding and the fishery production of the lake over the years, revealed that the recurrence of Microcystis bloom can be prevented so long as the combined biomass of silver carp and big-head carp remains at or exceeds 50 g per cubic meter of lakewater, as was the case in the lake’s 1985 fish yield of 1015 t.

Reform and Practice in Education for Marine Hydrodynamic Course Based on Experiment Verification

In view of problems on the traditional education for marine hydrodynamic course, such as obsolete course content and methods of instruction, disjointed theory and experiment, and obscure effects, this paper explores and proposes a new reform and practice strategy for the marine hydrodynamic course using numerical simulation and experiment verification. The reform in education based on experiment verification focuses on the high-level theory, the experiment research and the professional skills. The results show that innovative potential and independent learning ability of students are aroused and cultivated, which satisfy the teaching requirements in the new era.

How Do Mind-Body Practices Benefit Employees? A Daily Diary Study of Mind–Body Practices after Work and Employees’ Next-Day Proactive Behavior

Although it is becoming increasingly popular for organizations to offer programs of mind–body practices to their employees to improve their physical and mental health,the effects that after-work sessions of mind–body prac-tices have on employees’work behavior remain unclear.Using the model of proactive motivation and experience sampling,this study explored the relationship between employees’mind–body practices after work and their proactive behavior in the workplace on the following day.A multilevel path analysis of data from 82 employees over seven consecutive workdays showed that employees’mind–body practices after work had a positive effect on their proactive behavior in the workplace on the following day.The relationship was mediated by next-day high-activated positive affect and problem-solving confidence.Furthermore,job control positively moderated the rela-tionship between high-activated positive affect and proactive behavior but not that between problem-solving con-fidence and proactive behavior.We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of thesefindings,and propose future research directions.

Practice of Developing Low-carbon Leisure Agriculture in Agricultural Sci-tech Experiment and Demonstration Park: A Case Study of Xinglong Tropical Botanical Park

The Agricultural Science and Technology Experiment and Demonstration Park,as a unique tourist scenic spot,is a new model for the development of low-carbon leisure agriculture.In this paper,with Xinglong Tropical Botanical Park as a study case,the practice of developing a model of low-carbon agricultural science and technology tourism in the park is explored.Main measures for developing low-carbon leisure agriculture in Agricultural Science and Technology Experiment and Demonstration Park are summarized,including development of low carbon attractors,construction of low carbon facilities,strengthening low-carbon management,building low-carbon environment and so on,according to analysis on the models for development of low-carbon agricultural science tourism in this park.

机械振动课程教学改革与实践

工程实际中存在大量的振动问题,机械振动可为学生在专业课程学习和本科最后阶段的毕业设计提供非常重要的基础理论。针对机械振动课程综合性强、内容抽象的特点和实践环节薄弱、考核环节单一等问题,该文介绍为提升课堂质量,激发学生的学习兴趣和主动性,教学团队在课程资源优化、实验实践环节和考核评价方面进行的教学改革。实践证明相关教学和实验实践改革起到较好的效果,培养学生理论联系实际、工程实践创新和解决实际复杂工程振动问题的能力。

新农科背景下分子生物学实验教学改革探索

以分子生物学为主要内容的现代生物技术已被纳入到新农科的知识范畴。简单借鉴综合性大学的分子生物学实验课教学方案,已不能完全符合新农科建设的需求。该文详细分析影响涉农专业分子生物学实验课程教学效果的主要问题,并提出切合新农科建设思路,融合翻转课堂、PBL(Problem-based Learning)、OBE(Outcomes-based Education)等教学模式的多元教学解决方案。针对传统农科人才培养中重视实际操作,但总结和表述能力培养相对不足的实际,设立以“做得好、写得好、讲得好”为评价教学效果的新标准。初步实践表明,该方案的实施能提高学生参与实验课程的主动性,在教授学生实验操作技能的同时,培养学生的创新精神和团结协作精神。在全面培养新农科学生综合实验能力和科学素质方向上,做出有益的探索。

基于基础与专业相融合的研究型实验教学方法探索

以卓越工程师教育为背景,针对创新型、实践型工程技术人才培养目标,该文将笔者多年课堂教学、实验教学和相关科研工作的经验融入到实验教学中,探索基础与专业相融合的研究型实验教学方法。方法注重学生对基础知识与专业应用的融合训练,基于基础实验系统和综合开放式实验平台,通过对学生在基础电路测试、知识分解、电路独立设计与测试方面的训练,帮助学生创新性和科学研究素养的培养。该文方法在教学实践中进行应用,并起到较好的效果。

多种混合式教学模式在临床实习教学中的应用

目的探讨以问题为导向的教学法(problem-based learning,PBL)、以临床案例为基础的教学法(case-based learning,CBL)结合情景体验多媒体多种混合模式教学方式在临床实习教学中的应用效果。方法2020年9月—2021年1月,选择佳木斯大学2016级临床本科实习生共80名,随机分成2组,每组40名。A组接受情景体验多媒体结合PBL、CBL教学模式,B组接受传统教学。2组学生经过4个月采用不同教学方法的学习后,进行了临床技能和临床理论以及病例分析能力的考核。随后,对考核成绩进行了统计学分析。结果A组临床技能+临床理论考核成绩高于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。A组病例分析能力考核成绩优于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论PBL教学法、CBL教学法结合情景体验多媒体多种混合模式教学模式可以提高临床实习学生的临床理论知识、临床技能成绩以及病例分析能力。

基于OBE理念的生物工程综合实验课程探索与实践

基于成果导向教育(OBE)理念,旨在构建以培养科技创新型、实践应用型人才为目标的生物工程综合实验教学体系。教学内容源自授课老师科研课题,汇聚生物工程上、中、下游关键环节。课程设计采用教师课题背景介绍、学生自主实验设计、师生讨论细化步骤、实验实践验证结果、结果分析总结5个步骤,以此锻炼学生的创新思维及实践能力。采用多元化评价考核体系界定学生实验成绩,用以涵盖学生获得的综合研究能力和理工科创新能力。此实验课程激活学生自主创新和解决复杂生物工程问题的能力,并获得一系列科研成果。本课程培养目标及执行效果与国家“创新驱动”发展战略契合,相关经验可为其他理工科专业教学改革提供参考。

新时代“枫桥经验”的实践逻辑

新时代“枫桥经验”作为中国特色基层社会治理的原创性经验,不仅充分彰显了中国人民独立自主探索解决基层矛盾冲突、化解基层矛盾纠纷的实践智慧,而且为推进基层社会治理现代化,构建基层社会治理新格局贡献了诸多有益启示,具有独特的价值意蕴和鲜明的实践特色。坚持人民至上,尊重人民主体地位,注重发挥人民群众参与基层社会治理的首创精神,坚定不移地走群众路线是新时代“枫桥经验”的价值前提;坚持“多元共治”,汇聚多方力量,注重激发多元主体协同参与基层社会治理的内在功能,以此打造“党建引领、政府负责、社会协同、群众参与”的社会治理新模式是新时代“枫桥经验”的时代特点;坚持“三治融合”,遵循治理规律,注重协调自治、德治、法治有序参与基层社会治理的重点内容是新时代“枫桥经验”的内在意蕴;坚持与时俱进,紧随时代潮流与社会变革,勇于识变,敢于求变,善于应变,注重基层社会治理的方法创新是新时代“枫桥经验”的实践诉求。

金融支持中国式现代化产业体系建设:国际经验及实践路径

“十四五”规划纲要为我国现代产业体系建设擘画了宏伟的蓝图,金融作为服务实体经济的核心,理应在中国式现代化产业体系建设中发挥更大的作用。中央金融工作会议提出了建设金融强国、走好中国特色金融发展之路的目标,旨在发挥金融对我国现代产业体系的赋能作用,更好地服务和支撑实体经济高质量发展。文章围绕中国式现代化产业体系建设中面临的金融体系结构失衡比较明显、尚未形成有助于实体企业融资的现代金融体系、金融数字化水平不高等问题,借鉴美国、德国和日本等发达国家金融支持现代产业体系建设的实践经验,结合中国式现代化产业体系建设要求,基于合理性、广覆性、高效性、先进性和安全性五个维度,从优化现代金融结构体系、构建支持农村产业发展的多元化金融服务体系、完善金融支持科技创新的体制机制、加快数字技术的应用赋能、大力发展产业链供应链金融五个方面提出了金融支持中国式现代化产业体系建设的实践路径。

微流控创新实验设计与仿真实践

目前微流控技术是多学科交叉的研究热点,在生物检测和化学分析等领域发挥着重要作用。建立了一套微流控实验研究与分析系统,该系统基于开源流体力学软件OpenFOAM对实验结果进行机理分析。通过两相流控制实验演示和仿真实践,有效拓展了传统实验教学场景,丰富了实验教学形式。分析了液滴破碎与4种离散相流型转变的机理,探讨了液滴的数字化控制规律,有效降低了液滴形成的不稳定性与不确定性。

水利投融资改革践行“两手发力”实践与成效

“节水优先、空间均衡、系统治理、两手发力”治水思路推动了我国水利事业蓬勃发展。党的十八大以来,水利领域硕果累累,国家水网主骨架和大动脉加快形成、农村饮水安全问题实现历史性解决、江河湖泊面貌发生根本性改善,都离不开政府作用和市场机制“两只手”的协同努力。文章聚焦于水利投融资改革中“两手发力”的实践与成果,总结政府作用和市场作用有机统一、相互补充、相互协调、相互促进的经验作法,就进一步落实“两手发力”提出相关建议。

工程教育视角下化工原理实验课程建设的思考

根据化工原理实验课程综合性、设计性和实践性强的特点,提出层次化实验教学方式,不断培养学生学习兴趣,提高创新思维和能力水平。同时,结合教学经验,在课程预习及实验操作等方面对实验课程的教学过程和考核方式进行改进,充分调动了学生实验学习的积极性,使学生掌握实验技能,有助于培养学生的工程意识、实践能力,不断提升教学效果,全面提高化工原理实验课程教学质量。