Anticlockwise P-T Path and Zircon U-Pb Dating of HP Mafic Granulites in Yushugou Granulite-Peridotite Complex, Southern Tianshan Mountains, China

The Yushugou HP granulite-peridotite complex is located at east of northern margin of southern Tianshan mountains,China,which consists of granulite unit and peridotite unit mainly.Because of the rare association of

Assessment of the Water Quality in the Ariake Sea Using Principal Component Analysis

The aim of this study is to investigate the condition of the Ariake Sea, Japan, which has been suffering from severe environmental issues for the past few decades. Water quality data have been generated from several points in this area for over 30 years by the Fukuoka, Saga, Kumamoto, and Nagasaki prefectures. In order to understand the characteristics of this sea, principal component analysis (PCA) was utilized using 11 water quality parameters;transparency, temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), ammonium-nitrogen (NH4<sup style='margin-left:-7px;'>+-N), nitrate-nitrogen (NO3<sup style='margin-left:-7px;'>--N), nitrite-nitrogen (NO2<sup style='margin-left:-7px;'>--N), phosphate-phosphorus, (PO4<sup style='margin-left:-7px;'>3--P) and silica. PCA conveyed the amount of nutrients originating from the river, the organic pollution level, and seasonal changes. Subsequently, principal component scores were calculated for each point. It was concluded that the Ariake Sea environment has been affected by two main factors, which are the nutrients from the Chikugo River and anticlockwise tidal residual flow. These two factors must be considered for the environmental restoration of the Ariake Sea.

Petrological Investigations and Zircon U-Pb Dating of High Pressure Felsic Granulites from the Yushugou Complex, South Tianshan, China

As a window of insight into the lower crust, high pressure granulite has received much attention since last decade. Yushugou high pressure granulite-peridotite Complex was located in the northeast margin of Southern Tianshan, NW China. Previous ideas agreed that the peridotite unit in Yushugou, combined with the ultramafic rocks in Tonghuashan and Liuhuangshan, represent an ophiolite belt. However, the metamorphic evolution and tectonic mechanism of the Yushugou high pressure （HP） granulite remain controversial. Petrological investigations and phase equilibrium modelling for two representative fclsic granulitc samples suggest two stages metamorphism of the rocks in Yushugou Complex. Granulite facies metamorphism （Stage I） with P-T conditions of 9.8-10.4 kbar at 895-920℃ was recorded by the porphyroblastic garnet core; HP granulite facies metamorphism （Stage II） shows P-T conditions of 13.2-13.5 kbar at 845-860℃, based on the increasing grossular and decreasing pyrope contents of garnet rims. The Yushugou HP felsic granulites have recorded an anti- clockwise P-T path, characterized by the temperature decreasing and pressure increasing simultaneously. The LA-ICP-MS isotopic investigations on zircons from the felsic granulite show that the protolith ages of the granlulites are -430 Ma, with two age groups of-390 Ma and 340-350 Ma from the metamorphic rims of zircon, indicating the Stage I and II metamorphic events, respectively. A tectonic model was proposed to interpret the processes. The investigated felsic granulite was derived from deep rooted hanging wall, with Stage I granulite facies metamorphism of -390 Ma, which may he related to the Devonian arc magmatic intrusion; Stage II HP granulite facies metamorphism （340-350 Ma） may due to the involvement of being captured into the subducting slab and experienced the high pressure metamorphism.

Evaluation of cyclorotation during femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery performed by using LenSx femtosecond laser

Objectives To evaluate degrees and percentages of cyclorotation in Chinese patients during femtosecond laser assisted cataract surgery performed by using LenSx femtosecond laser platform and to further sub-analyze bilateral cases to assess the congruency between both eyes. Methods This was a single-centre retrospective study(Beijing AIER-Intec Eye Hospital, Beijing, China) in which the records of 330 eyes of 274 patients who underwent femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery in 1 or two eyes(with placement of posterior chamber IOL) between May 2017 and July 2019 by using femtosecond laser platform(LenSx) were reviewed.LenSx Femtosecond Laser(Alcon Laboratories, Inc, Fort Worth, Texas, USA) was used to carry out corneal incisions, anterior capsulotomies and lens fragmentation in this procedure. All the patients were marked on corneal limbus(at 3 and 9 o’clock positions) by using sterile skin marker(Medplus.inc) while sitting upright preoperatively. Percentages of cyclorotation were calculated. Absolutes values were taken for all calculations. The cyclorotation data was tested to determine whether it followed a normal distribution. Descriptive statistics were applied to calculate percentile values of cyclorotation which is presented as(M [P25;P75]). Results This retrospective study evaluated 330 eyes of 274 Chinese patients who had femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery using the femtosecond laser platform. Of the 330 eyes, there were 90 eyes(27.27%) that did not show cyclorotation. Out of 330 eyes that were analyzed, 72.72%(240 eyes) exhibited cyclorotation. The median value of cyclorotation was 3.0[0.0;5.0](ranged between 0 to 19 degrees). Of the 330 eyes, there were 90 eyes(27.27%) that did not show cyclorotation. Overall anticlockwise rotation(172 eyes, 52.12%) was more common than clockwise rotation(68 eyes, 20.60%).The total numbers of right and left eyes were 169 and 161 respectively. In terms of laterality, 43.78% of right eyes(74 eyes out of 169) and 60.86% of left eyes(98 eyes out of 161) showed anticlockwise rotation. 25.44% of right eyes(43 eyes) and 15.52% of left eyes(25 eyes) exhibited clockwise rotation. Therefore anticlockwise rotation was considered as common occurrence in both left and right eyes. In order to assess the congruency of cyclorotation between eyes in bilateral cases, a subanalysis of all the patients who underwent bilateral femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery(56 out of 274) was performed. In total, 17 patients exhibited incylorotation(both eyes moved nasally) and 4 patients showed motion of eyes temporally exhibiting excyclorotation. In rest of patients some of them showed no rotation and others exhibited the movement of both eyes in opposite direction(one eye nasally and other temporally and vice versa).There were no AK-related complications or complications during femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery. Among them 56 were bilateral cases. Conclusion Clinically significant cyclorotation can occur during femtosecond laser assisted cataract surgery causing axis misalignment which might influence the desired astigmatism correction outcomes. It is highly recommended to take crucial compensatory measures to address this problem.