Cancer/testis antigen, Kita-Kyushu lung cancer antigen-1 and ABCD stratification for diagnosing gastric cancers

BACKGROUND The ABCD stratification[combination of serum pepsinogen(PG)levels and titers of antibody(immunoglobulin G,IgG)against Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)]is effective for the classification of individuals at risk of developing gastric cancer(GC).The Kita–Kyushu lung cancer antigen-1(KK-LC-1)is a Cancer/Testis antigen frequently expressed in GC.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of KK-LC-1 and ABCD stratification in the diagnosis of GC.METHODS We analyzed the gene expression of KK-LC-1 in surgical specimens obtained from GC tumors.The levels of serum PG I/PG II and IgG against H.pylori were measured.According to their serological status,the patients were classified into the four groups of the ABCD stratification.RESULTS Of the 77 examined patients,63(81.8%)expressed KK-LC-1.The IgG titers of H.pylori and PG II were significantly higher in patients expressing KK-LC-1 than those measured in patients not expressing KK-LC-1(P=0.0289 and P=0.0041,respectively).The expression of KK-LC-1 in group C[PG method(+)/H.pylori infection(+)]was as high as 93.9%high.KK-LC-1 was also detected in group A[-/-].CONCLUSION The KK-LC-1 expression in GC was associated with H.pylori infection and atrophic status,so that,KK-LC-1 may be a useful marker for the diagnosis of GC.

Activation of killer cells with soluble gastric cancer antigen combined with anti-CD3 McAb

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Artificial antigen-presenting cells plus IL-15 and IL-21 efficiently induce melanoma-specific cytotoxic CD8^+CD28^+ T lymphocyte responses

Objective:To develop a novel artificial antigen-presenting system for efficiently inducing melanoma-specific CD8+CD28+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte（CTL） responses.Methods:Cell-sized Dynabeads? M-450 Epoxy beads coated with H-2Kb:Ig-TRP2(181111K and anti-CD28 antibody were used as artificial antigen-presenting cells（aAPCs） lo induce melanoma-specific CD8*CD28’ CTL responses with the help of IL-2I and IL-I5.Dimer staining,proliferation,ELISPOT,and cytotoxicity experiments were conducted to evaluate the frequency and activity of induced CTLs.Results:Dimer staining demonstrated that the new artificial antigen-presenting system efficiently induced melanoma TRP2-specific CD8CD28' CTLs.Proliferation and ELISPOT assays indicated that the induced CTLs rapidly proliferate and produce increased IFN- y under the slimulalion of H-2K:Ig-TRP2-aAPCs,TL-15,and IL-21.In addition,cytoloxicily experiments showed lhat induced CTLs have specific killing activity of target cells.Conclusions:The new artificial antigen-presenting system including aAPCs plus IL-21 and IL-15 can induce a large number of antigen-specific CD8+CD28+ CTLs against the melanoma.Our study provides evidence for a novel adoptive immunotherapy against tumors.

nCD11b、mCD14和mCD86表达对新生儿败血症病情严重程度的预测价值

目的 探讨中性粒细胞CD11b (nCD11b)、单核细胞CD14 (mCD14)和单核细胞CD86 (mCD86)表达对新生儿败血症病情严重程度的预测价值。方法 选取2018年2月至2022年2月南阳市中心医院收治的73例新生儿败血症作为疾病组,根据患儿是否发生休克分为休克组26例和非休克组47例,另选取同期体检的足月健康新生儿73例为健康组。采用流式细胞法检测所有新生儿的外周血n CD11b、m CD14和m CD86表达水平,比较各组新生儿外周血n CD11b、mCD14和m CD86表达水平,并采用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析其对新生儿败血症病情程度的预测价值。结果 疾病组新生儿的外周血n CD11b、mCD86表达水平分别为(220.00±12.58) MFI、(62.89±7.69) MFI,明显高于健康组的(186.69±10.98) MFI、(41.27±5.09) MFI,而外周血m CD14表达水平为(38.85±6.27) MFI,明显低于健康组的(54.03±6.15) MFI,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);休克组新生儿的外周血nCD11b、m CD86表达水平分别为(227.69±11.62) MFI、(67.96±6.18) MFI,明显高于非休克组的(215.74±12.95) MFI、(60.08±8.29) MFI,而外周血m CD14表达水平为(34.99±5.83) MFI,明显低于非休克组的(40.98±6.54) MFI,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);经ROC分析结果显示,外周血nCD11b、m CD14、mCD86单独及其联合检测对新生儿败血症病情程度的曲线下面积(AUC)分为0.850、0.804、0.815和0.930,联合检测AUC均高于其单独检测(P<0.05)。结论 外周血n CD11b、m CD14、m CD86检测可用于新生儿败血症病情严重程度评估,且联合检测可提高新生儿败血症病情严重程度预测价值。

The relationship between matrix metalloproteinases-9 and CD15s antigen in angiogenesis of gastric carcinoma

调查在矩阵 metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9 ) 和 sialyl 之间的关系的目的在胃的癌的侵略和转移的路易斯十世(CD15s ) 抗原。在胃的癌的 47 种情况中的 CD105， MMP-9 和 CD15s 的方法表示经历的激进的外科被 SP 免疫评估用各自的单音的同种细胞的抗体的组织化学的染色。与 CD105 标记的微容器密度(MVD ) 被检测。在 MVD 和 MMP-9 之间的关联， CD15s 统计上也被分析。结果在 MMP-9 和 CD15s 的 MVD 积极表示组独自在 MMP-9 或 CD15s 积极表示比那显著地更高级组，和它在 MMP-9 和 CD15s 否定表示组也是比那显著地高级的。结论 MMP-9 是侵略的一个标记， CD15s 是在胃的癌的转移的一个标记。MMP-9 和 CD15s 的联合察觉为诊断有某些临床的意义，处理并且为胃的 caner 估计预后。

Detection of microbial antigenic components of circulating immune complexes in HIV patients:Involvement in CD4^+ T lymphocyte count depletion

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of microbial antigenic components of circulating immune complexes amongst grades of CD4 T lymphocyte counts in HIV sero positive and seronegative participants.Methods:Polyethelene glycol(PEG-600) and buffering methods of precipitation and dissociation of immune complexes was used to generate immune solution from sera of 100 HIV sero-positive and 100 HIV sero-negative participants.These were categorized into 3 grades based on CD4 count:】 500 cell/mm,200-499 cell/mm3 and 【200 cell/mm3.The immune solutions were assayed using membrane based immunoassay and antibody titration, along side its unprocessed serum for detection of various microbial antigens and or antibodies. CD4 T cell counts were estimated using Patec Cyflow SL-3 Germany.Results:Antigenic component of immune complexes of various infectious agents was detected in 99 and 70 HIV seropositive and HIV sero-negative participants,respectively.In group A,there were 10 HIV positive participants,including 4(40.0%) had circulating immune complexes(CICs) due to Salmonella species only:1(10.0%) due to Salmonella-Plasmodium falciparum(P.falciparum),SalmonellaP. falciparum-HCV and P.falciparum antigens,respectively.In group B,45(45.4%) HIV seropositive participants with CICs had CD4 T lymphocyte count between 200-499 cells/mm^3.Out of these,20(44.4%) had CICs due to Salmonella species only:9(20%) due to Salmonella-P. falciparum.In group C,there were 44(44.4%) HIV sero-positive participants,including 3(6.8%) due to Salmonella species only:24(54.4%) due to Salmonella-P.falciparum:2(4.5%) due to P. falciparum only.Conclusions:In HIV sero-positive participants,presence of heterogeneity of Salmonella species-P.falciparum antigens was highly incriminated in CD4 count depletion but not homogeneity of malaria parasites antigens.Malaria parasites antigens only were incriminated in CD4^+ count depletion amongst HIV sero-negative participants.Before taking any decision on the management of HIV-1-positive individuals,their malaria and Salmonella paratyphi status should be assessed,but not malaria status alone.

Rejection of Experimental Hodgkins Lymphoma by T-Cells Engineered with a CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor

T cells engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) combining an external antibody binding domain with the CD3ζ T cell receptor (TCR) signaling domain for triggering cell activation are being used for immunotherapeutic targeting of tumor cells in a non-HLA restricted manner. In this study we transduced T cells with a CD19-CAR construct containing a truncated CD34 gene (tCD34) marker and used these to target the B cell antigen CD19 on the surface of a Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) cell line (L591) both in vitro and in vivo. Levels of tCD34 expression in transduced peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) ranged from 6% - 20% and this was increased to 82% after selection for transduced tCD34+ cells. In vitro cytotoxicity testing on a CD19+ HL cell line (L591) showed specific cell lysis initiated by the CD19-CAR transduced PBMCs. Importantly, CD19-CAR T cells prevented the growth of L591 HL tumor cells when co-injected subcutaneously (sc) in 6/6 severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. There was no evidence of anti-tumor activity when CD19-CAR T cells were infused intravenously (iv) at the same time as L591 HL tumor cells were injected sc. However, 3/6 SCID mice showed tumor rejection within 83 days after iv infusion of CD19-CAR T cells 3 - 9 days after establishment of L591 HL tumors, while all control animals succumbed to tumors within 60 days. Interestingly, immuno-histochemical analysis of L591 HL tumors demonstrated that CD19-CAR T cells were detected not earlier than 11 days after infusion within the tumor mass. These results suggest that CD19 is a potentially attractive target for the immunotherapy of HL.

Regulatory T cells suppress autoreactive CD4^+ T cell response to bladder epithelial antigen

AIM: To investigate the role of regulatory T(Treg) cells in CD4+ T cell-mediated bladder autoimmune inflammation.METHODS: Urothelium-ovalbumin(URO-OVA)/OTII mice, a double transgenic line that expresses the membrane form of the model antigen(Ag) OVA as a self-Ag on the urothelium and the OVA-specific CD4+ T cell receptor specific for the I-Ab/OVA323-339 epitope in the periphery, were developed to provide an autoimmune environment for investigation of the role of Treg cells in bladder autoimmune inflammation. To facilitate Treg cell analysis, we further developed URO-OVAGFP-Foxp3/OT-II mice, a derived line of URO-OVA/OT-II mice that express the green fluorescent protein(GFP)-forkhead box protein P3(Foxp3) fusion protein. RESULTS: URO-OVA/OT-II mice failed to develop bladder inflammation despite the presence of autoreactive CD4+ T cells. By monitoring GFP-positive cells, bladder infiltration of CD4+ Treg cells was observed in URO-OVAGFP-Foxp3/OTII mice. The infiltrating Treg cells were functionally active and expressed Treg cell effector molecule as well as marker m RNAs including transforming growth factor-b, interleukin(IL)-10, fibrinogen-like protein 2, and glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor(GITR). Studies further revealed that Treg cells from URO-OVAGFP-Foxp3/OT-II mice were suppressive and inhibited autoreactive CD4+ T cell proliferationand interferon(IFN)-g production in response to OVA Ag stimulation. Depletion of GITR-positive cells led to spontaneous development of bladder inflammation and expression of inflammatory factor m RNAs for IFN-g, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-a and nerve growth factor in URO-OVAGFP-Foxp3/OT-II mice. CONCLUSION: Treg cells specific for bladder epithelial Ag play an important role in immunological homeostasis and the control of CD4+ T cell-mediated bladder autoimmune inflammation.

两种Cd积累型番茄品种联合土著微生物对土壤有效态Cd的影响

镉(Cd)在作物体内的累积能力主要受土壤Cd有效性决定,为降低Cd积累和保障作物安全,本研究以低Cd积累型‘普罗旺斯’和高Cd积累型‘合作908’番茄品种为研究对象,结合Illumina MiSeq测序,探讨番茄和土著微生物共同作用对土壤中有效态Cd及微生物多样性的影响。试验设置背景土壤(Cd含量0.24 mg·kg^(-1))和Cd污染土壤(Cd含量0.60 mg·kg^(-1))的灭菌(无土著微生物)与不灭菌(有土著微生物)处理,在此基础上,分别设置不种植番茄、种植‘合作908’和‘普罗旺斯’处理。结果表明:在背景土壤和Cd污染土壤中,‘合作908’吸收积累土壤Cd的能力均显著高于‘普罗旺斯’。与不种植(CK)相比,在灭菌土壤种植‘普罗旺斯’和‘合作908’的单一作用使污染土壤有效态Cd含量分别增加3.16%和5.26%;不灭菌土壤的土著微生物单一作用使污染土壤有效态Cd增加27.37%;不灭菌土壤种植‘普罗旺斯’和‘合作908’(与土著微生物联合)比在灭菌土壤中作物单一种植使土壤有效态Cd含量分别增加29.59%和28.00%,比不灭菌土壤(土著微生物单一作用)分别提高4.96%和5.79%。与CK处理相比,不灭菌污染土壤种植‘普罗旺斯’和‘合作908’使土壤鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)、微鞘藻属(Microcoleus)、Haliangium和爬管菌属(Herpetosiphon)相对丰度均明显增加。同时,在不灭菌污染土壤种植‘普罗旺斯’处理中游动放线菌属(Actinoplanes)和硝化螺菌属(Nitrospira)相对丰度增加,而在不灭菌污染土壤种植‘合作908’处理中噬氢菌属(Hydrogenophaga)和溶杆菌属(Lysobacter)相对丰度增加,两处理间存在着明显的差异菌属。这些优势菌属可能与两种积累型番茄品种种植下的土壤有效态Cd含量差异有关。综上,两种积累型番茄品种-土著微生物的联合作用提高了土壤微生物的多样性,改变了土壤细菌群落结构,显著提升了土壤中有效态Cd的含量。

B－CELL APOPTOSIS INDUCED BY ANTIGEN RECEPTOR CROSSLINKING IS BLOCKED BY A T－CELL SIGNAL THROUGH CD40

in mice transgenic for an autoantibody,self-reactive B cells have been shown to be eliminated upon interaction with membranebound self-antigens in the periphery as well as in the bone marrow, suggesting that both immature and mature B cells are eliminated by multimerization of surface immunoglobulins(0Ig).Activation B cells by antigens may thus require a second signal that inhibits sIg-mediated apoptosis.Such a second signal is likely to be provided by T helper cells,because B-cell tolerance is more easily induced in the absence of T helper cells.To assess the molecular nature of the signal that inhibits sIg-mediated apoptosis,we used anti-IgM--induced apoptotic death of WEHI-231B lymphoma cells as a model system.Here we report that the signal for abrogating sIg-mediated apoptosis is generated by association of the CD401 molecule on T-cells with the CD40molecule on WEHI-231 cells.T-cells help through CD50 may thus determine whether B cells are eliminated or activated upon interaction with antigens.

Functional expression of CD95/Fas Antigen and Bcl-2 on Cord bloodHematopoietic Progenitor Cell

The cell surface expression and functional status of the CD95/Fas antigen on primitive hematopoietic progenitors isolated from human cord blood (CB) were studied. The CD34 + cells freshly isolated from CB displayed low CD95 expression. The combinations of cytokines such as SCF+FL could up regulate the expression of CD95 in vitro culture and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF α) and interon γ (IFN γ) further increased the CD95 expression induced by positive cytokines. The functional status of CD95 mediated apoptosis were analyzed by incubation of CD34 +CB cells in the presence of anti CD95 monoclonal antibodies (McAbs). The effects of anti CD95 McAbs were measured by viable cell counting, flow cytometry, LTIC and CFU C assays. A decrease of viable cells, CFU C and LTIC numbers were observed in the presence of anti CD95 McAbs and TNF α or IFN γ. However, growth factor deprivation or the early acting cytokine such as SCF and FL cross linking to CD95 caused low apoptosis of CD34 + cells. The correlation of increased intracytoplasmic levels of bcl 2 and the presence of CD95 on fresh CB CD34 + cells suggested that bcl 2 might be involved in protecting against CD95 mediated apoptosis of CB CD34 + cells.

生物炭配施氮素对Cd胁迫下泡桐幼苗生理生态的影响

【目的】探究生物配施氮素对Cd胁迫下泡桐幼苗形态特征、根系形态、抗氧化性、光合特性及Cd积累、富集及转运的影响。【方法】以‘泡桐1201’幼苗为试验材料,设置组培和水培结合试验,通过生物炭和氮素单一处理,生物炭配施氮素处理,测定幼苗的生长指标、根系参数、光合气体参数、抗氧氧化酶活性、MDA含量及Cd积累量、富集系数与转运系数。【结果】①Cd胁迫下,施加生物炭和氮素可以显著增加泡桐‘幼苗株高、生物量及根系参数,两者交互处理效果最佳;②泡桐幼苗叶片和根系SOD、CAT活性增加,MDA活性降低。POD活性在两者单施处理下随浓度的升高而降低,在两者交互处理下随浓度的增大略有回升;③生物炭和氮素单施或配施,泡桐幼苗叶片Chla、Chlb、Chl(a+b)显著增加,Chl(a/b)无显著变化;泡桐幼苗叶片光合气体参数(P_(n)、T_(r)、C_(i)、G_(s))升高,单一生物炭处理下WUE最高,Ls值显著降低,叶片光合作用增强;④泡桐幼苗Cd含量减小,富集系数降低,转运系数及Cd积累量增大;⑤对泡桐幼苗叶片幼苗各指标进行相关性及PCA分析,发现各指标之间存在相关性,整体促进效果为生物炭配施氮素>生物炭>氮素。【结论】施加生物炭和氮素可提高泡桐幼苗光合能力,减少对Cd的吸收,缓解Cd毒害,进而增大生物量,促进各器官Cd积累量,以生物炭配施氮素处理效果最佳。

外周血sIL-2R、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)、TNF-α对初治活动性肺结核老年患者化疗疗效的评估价值

目的探讨外周血可溶性白细胞介素2受体(sIL-2R)、CD4^(+)淋巴细胞百分比/CD8^(+)淋巴细胞百分比比值(下称CD4^(+)/CD8^(+))、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)对初治活动性肺结核老年患者化疗疗效的评估价值。方法将2019年12月至2022年12月该院收治的102例初治活动性肺结核老年患者纳入研究作为观察组,另选取102例年龄≥60岁且同期于该院体检的健康者作为对照组。比较两组外周血sIL-2R、TNF-α、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)水平并分析sIL-2R、TNF-α、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)间的相关性。观察组均采用2HRZE/4HR抗结核治疗方案,比较观察组治疗前、治疗1个月、治疗6个月时不同疗效患者外周血sIL-2R、TNF-α、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+);分析sIL-2R、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)、TNF-α水平与疗效的相关性;采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析各指标用于老年患者化疗疗效评估的效能。结果观察组sIL-2R、TNF-α水平高于对照组,而CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组sIL-2R、TNF-α与CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)呈负相关(P<0.05),sIL-2R与TNF-α呈正相关(P<0.05)。治疗1个月、治疗6个月时显效患者sIL-2R、TNF-α水平低于有效患者,而后者又低于无效患者,显效患者CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)高于有效患者,而后者又高于无效患者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。sIL-2R、TNF-α水平与疗效呈负相关(P<0.05),CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)与疗效呈正相关(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,治疗1个月、6个月时sIL-2R、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)、TNF-α联合用于评估疗效的曲线下面积(AUC)明显大于各时间点单项指标用于评估的AUC(P<0.05),而且治疗6个月时各指标联合评估的AUC大于治疗1个月(P<0.05)。结论初治活动性肺结核老年患者sIL-2R、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)、TNF-α水平与患者疗效密切相关,将以上指标联合用于评估患者化疗疗效具有一定参考价值。

Expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and CD44 variant exon 6 in primary tumors and corresponding lymph node metastases of colorectal carcinoma with Dukes'stage C or D

AIM: To study changes in characteristics of colorectal carcinoma during the metastatic process and to investigate the correlation between cell proliferation activity and metastatic ability of patients with Dukes′ stage C or D.METHODS: Formalin fixed and paraffin embedded materials of primary tumors and corresponding lymph node metastases resected from 56 patients with Dukes′ stage C or D of colorectal carcinoma were stained immunohistochemically with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and CD44variant exon 6 (CD44v6).RESULTS: Thirty-one of 56 patients (55.4 %) expressed PCNA in the primary sites and 36 of 56 patients (64.3 %)expressed PCNA in the metastatic lymph nodes. A significant relation in PCNA expression was observed between the primary site and the metastatic lymph node (0.010＜P＜0.025).Forty-one of 56 patients (73.2 %) expressed CD44v6 in the primary site and 39 of 56 patients (69.6 %) expressed CD44v6 in the metastatic lymph node. There was also an significant relationship of CD44v6 between the primary site and the metastatic lymph node (0.005＜P＜0.010). No difference was observed between expression of CD44v6 and PCNA in the primary site (0.250＜P＜0.500).CONCLUSION: This study partially demonstrates that tumor cells in metastatic lymph node of colorectal carcinoma still possess cell proliferation activity and metastatic ability of tumor cells in primary site. There may be no association between cell proliferation activity and metastatic ability in colorectal carcinoma.

CD48与配体的相互作用及疾病中的研究进展

信号转导淋巴细胞激活分子(SLAM)受体家族(SLAMF)是CD2超家族的一组受体,它是由许多造血细胞上表达的几个成员组成的。CD48作为信号淋巴细胞激活分子家族的成员,是一种糖基磷脂酰肌醇(GPI)锚定的细胞表面蛋白,参与免疫细胞的黏附和激活等作用。CD48最初是在病毒诱导的B细胞上发现的,经研究发现其结合CD2和其他分子,但它在小鼠和人类系统中的高亲和力配体是CD244 (2B4),同时还发现CD48也与一些外源性配体相作用。本文主要介绍CD48结构及其与不同配体之间作用,以及讨论了CD48在哮喘、系统性红斑狼疮、炎症性肠病、血液系统及肝恶性肿瘤等疾病中作用的研究。

腺苷诱导耗竭型CD8^(+)T细胞影响肾癌细胞迁移及凋亡

目的探索腺苷是否诱导耗竭型T细胞生成以及对肾透明细胞癌细胞迁移和凋亡的影响。方法流式细胞术检测肾透明细胞癌及癌旁组织中CD8^(+)T细胞及耗竭表型分子3(TIM-3)的表达。生物信息学分析肾透明细胞癌及癌旁组织中基因表达差异,寻找影响T细胞耗竭基因。利用shRNA技术构建稳定敲除该基因的肾透明细胞癌786-O细胞株,检测细胞的迁移、凋亡等生物学行为。制备不同肿瘤条件培养基,培养CD8^(+)T细胞,研究敲除基因后的肾透明细胞癌细胞对耗竭型T细胞的影响。结果肾透明细胞癌与癌旁组织相比高表达CD8^(+)T细胞及TIM-3。生物信息学分析发现腺苷合成限速酶NT5E(CD73)在肾透明细胞癌中的表达高于癌旁组织。检测临床标本发现肾透明细胞癌组织中腺苷及CD73的表达高于癌旁组织。与对照组比较,敲除NT5E组的786-O细胞迁移能力下降及凋亡增加。敲除NT5E的肿瘤条件培养基培养的CD8^(+)T细胞中程序性死亡蛋白1表达减少,抑制T细胞增殖能力下降。结论肾透明细胞癌组织存在耗竭型CD8^(+)T细胞、腺苷及CD73的高表达。敲除NT5E的肾透明细胞癌786-O细胞迁移能力下降、凋亡增加。敲除NT5E可减少腺苷合成,减少耗竭型T细胞的生成。

CD28^(+)、CD56^(+)在多发性骨髓瘤患者中的表达及其对预后的评估价值

目的分析CD28^(+)、CD56^(+)在多发性骨髓瘤(MM)患者中的表达及其对预后的评估价值。方法纳入103例MM患者,于入院时检测其CD28、CD56表达情况。随访2年统计预后结果,比较不同预后(存活、病死)患者资料,通过COX分析MM患者预后相关因素,分析CD28^(+)、CD56^(+)与MM患者国际分期系统(R-ISS)分期、β2微球蛋白(β2-MG)的相关性,绘制DCA曲线分析CD28^(+)、CD56^(+)预测MM患者预后的价值。结果103例MM患者2年内共19例病死,84例存活,2年存活率为81.55%(84/103)。COX分析显示,R-ISS分期Ⅲ期、β2-MG、CD28^(+)、CD56^(+)均为MM患者病死的影响因素(HR>1,P<0.05)。Kendall's tau-b相关性分析显示,CD28^(+)、CD56^(+)均与MM患者R-ISS分期呈正相关(P<0.05);Spearson相关性分析显示,CD28^(+)表达与MM患者β2-MG水平呈正相关(P<0.05),CD56^(+)表达与MM患者β2-MG水平无相关(P>0.05)。DCA曲线分析显示,当高风险阈值为0.0~0.31时,CD28^(+)、CD56^(+)表达预测MM患者预后净受益率大于0,有临床意义,净受益率最大值为0.184。结论CD28^(+)、CD56^(+)在MM患者中表达异常,对预后有一定预测价值。

Human CD4- CD8- Invariant Natural Killer T Cells Promote IgG Secretion from B Cells Stimulated by Cross-Linking of Their Antigen Receptors

Immunoglobulin (Ig) M production can be induced by the interaction of thymus-independent type-2 (TI-2) antigen (Ag) with B cell Ag receptors (BCRs) without the involvement of conventional T cells;for IgG production through the same process, however, a second signal is required. Previous studies have reported that invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells may be responsible for the second signal involved in IgG production. In the present study, we addressed whether human iNKT cells could participate in the production of Ig against TI-2 Ag in vitro. Two major distinct subsets of human iNKT cells, CD4+ CD8β- (CD4) and CD4- CD8β- [double negative (DN)] cells, were generated from peripheral blood monocytes from a healthy volunteer. BCR engagement, triggered by anti-IgM antibody stimulation, examined here as a model of BCR engagement triggered by TI-2 Ag, induced abundant IgM production by B cells. Both CD4 and DN iNKT cells reduced IgM production and conversely enhanced IgG production in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, IgG production by CD19+CD27- (naïve) and CD19+CD27+ (memory) B cells was predominantly promoted by DNiNKT cells rather than CD4 iNKT cells;nevertheless, IgM production by both B cell subsets was similarly reduced by either subset of iNKT cells. These results suggest that the DN iNKT subsets may preferentially promote Ig class switching by B cells upon stimulation with TI-2 Ag.

ABCD2评分、PAF、sCD40L、C1q对短暂性脑缺血发作后脑梗死的预测价值及其危险因素分析

目的探讨ABCD2评分及血清血小板活化因子(PAF)、可溶性CD40配体(sCD40L)、补体1q(C1q)对短暂性脑缺血发作后脑梗死的预测价值。方法回顾性选取2020年11月至2022年12月该院收治的94例短暂性脑缺血发作后脑梗死患者作为脑梗死组,另选取同期收治的146例短暂性脑缺血发作后非脑梗死患者作为非脑梗死组。比较两组临床资料,采用多因素Logistic回归分析短暂性脑缺血发作后脑梗死的危险因素,并绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析ABCD2评分及血清PAF、sCD40L、C1q单独及联合检测对短暂性脑缺血发作后脑梗死的预测价值。结果脑梗死组和非脑梗死组颈部血管斑块、发作持续时间、发作频率情况,ABCD2评分及血清PAF、sCD40L、C1q、白细胞介素(IL)-6、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,有颈部血管斑块、发作持续时间≥15 min、发作频率≥2次/月,以及ABCD2评分,血清PAF、sCD40L、C1q、IL-6、hs-CRP水平升高是短暂性脑缺血发作后脑梗死的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,ABCD2评分及血清PAF、sCD40L、C1q联合预测短暂性脑缺血发作后脑梗死的灵敏度、曲线下面积分别为96.81%、0.927,高于或大于ABCD2评分及血清PAF、sCD40L、C1q单独预测(P<0.05);ABCD2评分、血清PAF单独预测的灵敏度分别高于血清sCD40L、C1q单独预测的灵敏度(P<0.05);ABCD2评分及血清PAF、sCD40L单独预测的特异度高于血清C1q单独、4项指标联合预测的特异度(P<0.05),血清C1q单独预测的特异度高于4项指标联合预测的特异度(P<0.05)。结论短暂性脑缺血发作后脑梗死的发生与患者有颈部血管斑块、发作持续时间≥15 min、发作频率≥2次/月,以及ABCD2评分,血清PAF、sCD40L、C1q、IL-6、hs-CRP水平升高均密切相关,且ABCD2评分及血清PAF、sCD40L、C1q联合检测对短暂性脑缺血发作后脑梗死的预测价值更高。

ROLE OF PERIPHERAL LYMPHOCYTES SIALYL LEWIS(X) (CD15s) ANTIGEN BEFORE AND AFTER KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION

Objective To investigate the role of peripheral lymphocytes Sialyl Lewis(x) (CD15s) antigen before and after kidney transplantation. Methods Flow cytometry technique was applied to examine the expression of peripheral lymphoid cell surface CD15s antigen after renal transplantation, and to evaluate various therapeutic regimen. Results The statistic analysis results of peripheral lymphoid cell surface CD15s antigen expression level showed that there was significant difference among the patients with acute rejection, long-term dialysis and with normal renal function post-transplant; significant difference of CD15s expression level between group of rejection and infection; no significant difference of CD15s expression among the different groups treated by various therapeutic regimens. Conclusion The different therapeutic regimen has no influence to CD15s expression; Detection of peripheral lymphoid cell surface CD15s antigen expression periodically, intelligently make convenience to understand suitable status of immunosuppression.