Enhancing adolescent mental health through cognitive and social support:Insights from study on depression in Chinese adolescents

Adolescent depression is a growing global health concern,affecting 14%of adolescents and leading to severe consequences such as academic failure,substance abuse,and suicidal ideation.The study by Yu et al,investigates the cognitive and social factors influencing depression in 795 Chinese adolescents.Findings reveal that negative life events(NLEs)and dysfunctional attitudes are strongly associated with depressive symptoms,while social support moderates the impact of NLEs but not dysfunctional attitudes.The study highlights the need for cognitivebehavioural interventions targeting perfectionism and autonomy,and the importance of strengthening social support systems in schools and communities.Culturally sensitive,holistic approaches to adolescent mental health are crucial for addressing both the internal vulnerabilities and external pressures contributing to depression.Further research is needed to explore the roles of peer and parental support and the long-term effects of these factors across diverse cultural contexts.

A Comprehensive Survey on Federated Learning Applications in Computational Mental Healthcare

Mental health is a significant issue worldwide,and the utilization of technology to assist mental health has seen a growing trend.This aims to alleviate the workload on healthcare professionals and aid individuals.Numerous applications have been developed to support the challenges in intelligent healthcare systems.However,because mental health data is sensitive,privacy concerns have emerged.Federated learning has gotten some attention.This research reviews the studies on federated learning and mental health related to solving the issue of intelligent healthcare systems.It explores various dimensions of federated learning in mental health,such as datasets(their types and sources),applications categorized based on mental health symptoms,federated mental health frameworks,federated machine learning,federated deep learning,and the benefits of federated learning in mental health applications.This research conducts surveys to evaluate the current state of mental health applications,mainly focusing on the role of Federated Learning(FL)and related privacy and data security concerns.The survey provides valuable insights into how these applications are emerging and evolving,specifically emphasizing FL’s impact.

Gender differences in mental health service utilization among respondents reporting depression in a national health survey

This study examined whether people who self-reported depression sought mental health treatment in the year after being interviewed, and how gender affected utilization. Depression data were obtained from the Canadian Community Health Survey (2000-01), and linked to medical records in Ontario (n = 24,677). Overall, women had higher rates of mental health service utilization, but there were no gender differences in rates of specialist care. The gender difference in mental health contact was greater for those without depression, as opposed to those with depression. Among those without depression, women were significantly more likely than men to use mental health services;however, rates were similar for women and men with depression. This finding suggests that men may be more likely than women to delay seeing a doctor for minor mental health concerns, but will seek help once a problem reaches a threshold.

SARS-CoV-2 consequences for mental health:Neuroinflammatory pathways linking COVID-19 to anxiety and depression

The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has been linked to an increased prevalence of mental health disorders,particularly anxiety and depression.Moreover,the COVID-19 pandemic has caused stress in people worldwide due to several factors,including fear of infection;social isolation;difficulty in adapting to new routines;lack of coping methods;high exposure to social media,misinformation,and fake reports;economic impact of the measures implemented to slow the contagion and concerns regarding the disease pathogenesis.COVID-19 patients have elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines,such as interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α,and other inflammation-related factors.Furthermore,invasion of the central nervous system by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)may potentially contribute to neuroinflammatory alterations in infected individuals.Neuroinflammation,a consequence of psychological stress due to the COVID-19 pandemic,may also play a role in the development of anxiety and depressive symptoms in the general population.Considering that neuroinflammation plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of depression and anxiety,this study investigated the effects of SARS-CoV-2 on mental health and focused on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the neuroinflammatory pathways.

An Analysis of the Lifestyle and Mental Health Status of Adult People Living in Dhaka City: A Cross-Sectional Study in Post COVID-19 Era

Introduction: The Novel Coronavirus or COVID-19 affected all the megacities of the world and made the mental health and lifestyle of people paralyzed. According to different studies, such difficulties were different in scale in different cities depending on the demographic attributes of the people. This phenomenon has created the essence of the current study to examine the health conditions in terms of their mental health, lifestyle, and demographic attributes during and immediate past of the COVID-19 era. Method: It was a cross-sectional study covering the people of Dhaka City Corporation. For this purpose, a multistage sampling method was applied, under which the respondents were selected randomly and a self-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data. The questionnaire was developed based on the DASS 21, as it was suitable to measure the components of mental health in the form of depression, anxiety, and stress. Descriptive analysis and cross-tabulation were applied to find out the association between dependent and independent variables, whereas, a chi-square test was performed to examine the hypothesis. Finally, multivariate analysis was done to find out the risk factors. Three logistic regression models were developed for three dependent variables. Result: The findings of the analysis revealed that the lifestyle of people had severely influenced the components of their mental health conditions during and immediate past of COVID-19 in the Dhaka City Corporation, which varies to some extent depending on the demographic attributes of those. Conclusion: The above findings are statistically significant enough to conclude about the essence of taking preventive measures regarding mental health issues in the future. However, the limitations of this study-keeping it within the urban areas and the educated people, have also created the venue for future researchers to move with their research endeavors in the rural areas nationwide and thus generalize the results.

Perception,use of social media,and its impact on the mental health of Indian adolescents:A qualitative study

BACKGROUND Mental illness is a health challenge faced by adolescents that has grown worse after the Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.Research on social media and young people’s mental health has recently increased,and numerous studies have examined whether frequent use of social media is linked to issues such as anxiety,stress,depression,eating disorders,insomnia,frustration,feeling alone,and externalizing problems among adolescents.This influence of social media on adolescents’lives is clear,with many platforms like Facebook,Instagram,and YouTube playing an important role in daily interactions and self-expression.Even though social media offers numerous benefits,such as connectivity and information sharing,excessive usage can have detrimental effects on mental health,particularly among adolescents.AIM To study the impact of social media on the mental wellbeing of adolescents,and the associated potential dangers in India.METHODS A total of 204 adolescents aged 14 years to 23 years were included in the study.This study explored the intricate relationship between social media usage and adolescent mental health in India.The study employs a cross-sectional survey design to capture a snapshot of adolescent mental health and social media usage patterns.Data collection involved administering structured questionnaires and the analysis utilized quantitative methods,including descriptive statistics.RESULTS Excessive use of social media is correlated with increased stress,anxiety,and depression.Adolescents engage in compulsive behaviors such as scrolling in the middle of the night,which negatively impacts their mental and physical health,and leads to significant sleep disruption.Findings from the study aim to provide insights into the current state of adolescent mental health and inform strategies to promote positive wellbeing in the Indian population.CONCLUSION The study underscores the need for further research to better understand the complex interplay between social media and adolescent mental health,and need for effective strategies to combat online harassment.

Omega-3 fatty acids and mental health

Nutrition plays a key role in brain development,mental health,and psychiatric disorders.The role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in physical health is well established,and their role in mental health is becoming increasingly evident.Omega-3 fatty acids are involved in a wide range of physiological functions that are related to neurogenesis,neurotransmission,and neuroinflammation;therefore,they play fundamental roles in the development,functioning,and aging of the brain.In humans,dietary deficiencies of omega-3 fatty acids are associated with an increased risk of developing various psychiatric disorders,including depression,bipolar disorder,schizophrenia,dementia,attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder,and autism.In particular,eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid have been linked to the maintenance of mental health,and their deficits have been implicated in the pathophysiology of mental disorders.This may be mediated by the modulation of inflammatory processes and their direct effects on neuronal membrane fluidity and receptor function.However,randomized clinical trials that have investigated the therapeutic effects of omega-3 fatty acids have yielded inconclusive results,thereby limiting the use of these nutrients in psychiatric practice.High-quality clinical trials should be conducted to examine the efficacy of omega-3 fatty acids in preventing and treating mental disorders.The undesirable side effects of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation should also be considered.These effects may become apparent after many years of administration,and therefore,they may not be detected in most cases.

Primary care and mental health: Where do we go from here?

Primary care has been dubbed the“de facto”mental health system of the United States since the 1970s.Since then,various forms of mental health delivery models for primary care have proven effective in improving patient outcomes and satisfaction and reducing costs.Despite increases in collaborative care implementation and reimbursement,prevalence rates of major depression in the United States remain unchanged while anxiety and suicide rates continue to climb.Meanwhile,primary care task forces in countries like the United Kingdom and Canada are recommending against depression screening in primary care altogether,citing lack of trials demonstrating improved outcomes in screened vs unscreened patients when the same treatment is available,high false-positive results,and small treatment effects.In this perspective,a primary care physician and two psychiatrists address the question of why we are not making headway in treating common mental health conditions in primary care.In addition,we propose systemic changes to improve the dissemination of mental health treatment in primary care.

Study on the Relationship between Mental Health Literacy and Psychological Symptoms of University Students: Mediating Effect of Grit

Background:The occurrence of mental health symptoms is higher in individuals aged between 18 and 24 years than in other age groups.Mental health literacy is derived from health literacy,and focuses on the knowledge,attitudes,and competencies that individuals need to acquire to manage their own health effectively.Low mental health literacy is associated with poorer mental health.Grit is also a known protective factor against mental disorders.Despite a heightened focus on mental health literacy and grit as important factors for decreasing mental health symptoms,knowledge of the effect of mental health literacy and grit on mental health symptoms is very limited.This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between mental health literacy and psychological symptoms and the mediating effect of grit on these relationships.Methods:This cross-sectional descriptive study used survey data from 178 university students in Korea.Data were collected between March and May 2022.The SPSS PROCESS macro(Model 4)was used to analyze the data.Results:Mental health literacy was not directly associated with psychological symptoms.However,an indirect pathway was observed between mental health literacy,depression,and anxiety,through grit.Conclusion:Mental health literacy affects psychological symptoms through grit.Therefore,to improve the mental health of university students,it is necessary to develop programs that increase mental health literacy and grit.

Analysis of mental health status and related factors in patients with acute cerebral infarction

BACKGROUND Acute cerebral infarction(ACI)is characterized by a high incidence of morbidity,disability,recurrence,death and heavy economic burden,and has become a disease of concern in global researchers.As ACI has serious effects on patients’physical status,life and economy,often causing anxiety,depression and other psychological problems,these problems can lead to the aggravation of physical symptoms;thus,it is very important to understand the factors affecting the mental health of these patients.AIM To understand the elements that affect the mental health of patients who have suffered an ACI.METHODS A questionnaire survey was conducted among patients with ACI admitted to three tertiary hospitals(Quanzhou First Hospital,Fuqing City Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University,and the 900 Hospital of the Joint Service Support Force of the People’s Liberation Army of China)in Fujian Province from January 2022 to December 2022 using the convenience sampling method.ACI inpatients who met the inclusion criteria were selected.Informed consent was obtained from the patients before the investigation,and a face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted using a unified scale.The questionnaire included a general situation questionnaire,Zung’s self-rating depression scale and Zung’s self-rating anxiety scale.All questionnaires were checked by two researchers and then the data were input and sorted using Excel software.The general situation of patients with ACI was analyzed by descriptive statistics,the influence of variables on mental health by the independent sample t test and variance analysis,and the influencing factors on psychological distress were analyzed by multiple stepwise regression.RESULTS The average age of the 220 patients with ACI was 68.64±10.74 years,including 142 males and 78 females.Most of the patients were between 60 and 74 years old,the majority had high school or technical secondary school education,most lived with their spouse,and most lived in cities.The majority of patients had a personal income of 3001 to 5000 RMB yuan per month.The new rural cooperative medical insurance system had the largest number of participants.Most stroke patients were cared for by their spouses and of these patients,52.3%had previously smoked.Univariate analysis showed that gender,age,residence,course of disease,number of previous chronic diseases and smoking history were the main factors affecting the anxiety scores of patients with ACI.Age,living conditions,monthly income,course of disease and knowledge of disease were the primary variables influencing the depression score in patients with ACI.The findings of multivariate analysis revealed that the course of disease and gender were the most important factors influencing patients’anxiety scores,and the course of disease was also the most important factor influencing patients’depression scores.CONCLUSION Long disease course and female patients with ACI were more likely to have psychological problems such as a high incidence of emotional disorders.These groups require more attention and counseling.

Safe and effective sofosbuvir-based therapy in patients with mental health disease on hepatitis C virus treatment

AIMTo study impact of baseline mental health disease on hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment; and Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI) changes with sofosbuvir- and interferon-based therapy. METHODSThis is a retrospective cohort study of participants from 5 studies enrolled from single center trials conducted at the Clinical Research Center of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States. All participants were adults with chronic HCV genotype 1 infection and naïve to HCV therapy. Two of the studies included HCV mono-infected participants only (SPARE, SYNERGY-A), and 3 included human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/HCV co-infected participants only (ERADICATE, PFINPK, and ALBIN). Patients were treated for HCV with 3 different regimens: Sofosbuvir and ribavirin in the SPARE trial, ledipasvir and sofosbuvir in SYNERGY-A and ERADICATE trials, and pegylated interferon (IFN) and ribavirin for 48 wk in the PIFNPK and ALBIN trials. Participants with baseline mental health disease (MHD) were identified (defined as either a DSM IV diagnosis of major depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, generalized anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder or requiring anti-depressants, antipsychotics, mood stabilizers or psychotropics prescribed by a psychiatrist). For our first aim, we compared sustained virologic response (SVR) and adherence (pill counts, study visits, and in 25 patients, blood levels of the sofosbuvir metabolite, GS-331007) within each study. For our second aim, only patients with HIV coinfection were evaluated. BDI scores were obtained pre-treatment, during treatment, and post-treatment among participants treated with sofosbuvir-based therapy, and compared to scores from participants treated with interferon-based therapy. Statistical differences for both aims were analyzed by Fisher’s Exact, and t-test with significance defined as a P value less than 0.05. RESULTSBaseline characteristics did not differ significantly between all participants with and without MHD groups treated with sofosbuvir-based therapy. Among patients treated with sofosbuvir-based therapy, the percentage of patients with MHD who achieved SVR was the same as those without (SPARE: 60.9% of those MHD compared to 67.6% in those without, P = 0.78; SYNERGY-A: 100% of both groups; ERADICATE: 100% compared to 97.1%). There was no statistically significant difference in pill counts, adherence to study visits between groups, nor mean serum concentrations of GS-331007 for each group at week 2 of treatment (P = 0.72). Among patients with HIV co-infection, pre-treatment BDI scores were similar among patients treated with sofosbuvir, and those treated with interferon (sofosbuvir-based 5.24, IFN-based 6.96; P = 0.14); however, a dichotomous effect on was observed during treatment. Among participants treated with directly acting antiviral (DAA)-based therapy, mean BDI scores decreased from 5.24 (pre-treatment) to 3.28 during treatment (1.96 decrease, P = 0.0034) and 2.82 post-treatment. The decrease in mean score from pre- to post-treatment was statistically significant (-2.42, P = 0.0012). Among participants treated with IFN-based therapy, mean BDI score increased from 6.96 at pre-treatment to 9.19 during treatment (an increase of 2.46 points, P = 0.1), and then decreased back to baseline post-treatment (mean BDI score 6.3, P = 0.54). Overall change in mean BDI scores from pre-treatment to during treatment among participants treated with DAA-based and IFN-therapy was statistically significant (-1.96 and +2.23, respectively; P = 0.0032). This change remained statistically significant when analysis was restricted to participants who achieved SVR (-2.0 and +4.36, respectively; P = 0.0004). CONCLUSIONSofosbuvir-based therapy is safe and well tolerated in patients with MHD. A decline in BDI associated with sofosbuvir-based HCV treatment suggests additional MHD benefits, although the duration of these effects is unknown.

Spirituality,religiousness,and mental health:A review of the current scientific evidence

Research in the field of“Spirituality and Health”has been growing,with spirituality/religiousness(S/R)being consistently related to both physical and mental health.The objective of this article is to provide an updated review of the current scientific evidence on the relationship between S/R and mental health,highlighting the most important studies.As a secondary objective,the mechanisms that explain this relationship and the interventions that utilize this information in treating mental disorders will be discussed.The findings reveal a large body of evidence across numerous psychiatric disorders.Although solid evidence is now available for depression,suicidality,and substance use,other diagnosis,such as post-traumatic stress disorder,psychosis,and anxiety,have also shown promising results.The effects of S/R on mental health are likely bidirectional,and the manner in which religious beliefs are used to cope with distress(i.e.negative and positive),may affect mental health outcomes.Despite these findings,the mechanisms that explain these associations and the role of S/R interventions need further study.Concerning clinical practice,mental health providers should ask patients about S/R that are important in their lives to provide holistic and patient-centered care.

The Use of Art Therapy in Alleviating Mental Health Symptoms in Refugees: A Literature Review

There are over thirty million refugees globally with severe experiences of trauma.Art therapy intervention allows for nonverbal expression and could alleviate mental health symptomatology among refugees.The present review’s aim was to integrate and summarize the previous research which examined the effects of visual arts on alleviating psychological conditions of refugees.However,due to the paucity of studies which solely used visual arts,we included studies that used visual arts alongside other modalities as part of an expressive arts therapy intervention.The present review synthesizes studies that examined the effect of art therapy on mental health issues of refugees from January 2000 to March 2021.Seven studies(child and adolescent sample,N=5 and adult sample,N=2)with a total of 298 refugee participants(n=298)met our inclusion criteria.The participants were from the Middle East and North Africa(MENA),Southeast Asia,and Europe.We found three commonly reported mental health disorders,namely Post Traumatic Stress Disorder(PTSD),anxiety,and Major Depression Disorder.The research highlights how art therapy interventions could be a great starting point to alleviate symptomatology among refu-gees.Four additional benefits of art therapy which were commonly reported across the seven studies emerged from this review:working with traumatic experience/loss,rebuilding social connection and trust,nonverbal com-munication and self-expression of loss and trauma,and retelling stories.Art therapy interventions could be used as a starting point in the healing process of traumatized refugees to encourage verbal articulation of their feelings and reduce mental health symptoms.Despite these promisingfindings,due to a dearth of robust methodologies,further research is required to assess the long-term effectiveness of art therapy.

Meaning in Life and Mental Health Issues in Older Adults:A Meta-Analysis

This study aims to be the first to use meta-analysis to explore the relationship between meaning in life(MIL)and mental health issues among older adults.A meta-analysis was conducted using six databases,resulting in 16 studies with 5,074 participants in total.The“metacor”and“forestplot”packages in R-Studio were used for data analysis.The total effect was calculated using a random-effects model,with I2=86%in the heterogeneity test.The results showed a moderate negative correlation between MIL and mental health issues among older adults,with an average effect of−0.37.Five potential moderating variables were examined:the conceptualization of MIL(value vs.purpose),region(Asian vs.Western countries),residence status(community vs.nursing home vs.hospital),types of mental health issues,and evaluation methods(clinical vs.non-clinical).The first four had no significant moderating effect.The mean correlation coefficients between mental health issues and value/purpose were−0.49/−0.33;the mean correlation coefficients in Asian countries and Western countries were−0.48 and−0.34;the mean correlation coefficients among participants living in community/nursing home/mixed status were−0.33/−0.40/−0.40;the mean correlation coefficients between MIL and depression/others were−0.37/−0.35;however,the negative relationship between MIL and mental health issues was stronger when non-clinical evaluations(self-report only)were used.Specifically,the mean correlation coefficient for non-clinical evaluations was−0.42 and for clinical evaluations was−0.29.This study is the first meta-analysis to identify the negative correlation between older adults’MIL and mental health issues.Significant moderating effects of evaluation methods were found.

Examination of the Illness Representations among Children with T1DM in Relation to Mental Health Factors

The most common comorbid psychiatric disorders in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM)are depression,anxiety and behavioral disorders.Patients with comorbid psychopathology are less capable of psychically adjusting to the new life situation resulting from T1DM,which may negatively affect glycemic control and adherence related to the treatment.We aimed to investigate the association between mental health and type 1 diabetes including illness representation.115 children and adolescents with T1DM were recruited through the outpatient clinic in Debrecen,Hungary.Measures:PRISM-D,Child Depression Inventory(CDI),Cantril Ladder and Self-Rated Health,Glycosylaeted haemoglobin(HbA1C)were measured.Children having depressive symptoms drew fewer circles with less area.Children not drawing any important relationships possessed more depressive symptoms.Those diagnosed at a younger age displayed smaller distance between the Self-and Illness-circles.The PRISM-D test can be a promising tool to analyse emotional and cognitive representations and the psychological burden of T1DM.

Studying the relationship between clinical features and mental health among late-onset myasthenia gravis patients

BACKGROUND Mental disorders are common comorbidities among individuals with neurological diseases, and the prevalence of depressive and anxiety-related symptoms in newly referred patients at neurology outpatient clinics is high. There have been few studies on the mental health of patients with late-onset myasthenia gravis(MG).AIM To examine the relationship between clinical features and the mental health symptoms within late-onset MG patients.METHODS A total of 105 patients diagnosed with MG were recruited consecutively from a neuromuscular outpatient clinic between December 2020 and February 2021. Patients were classified into two groups: early-onset MG(age at onset < 50 years, n = 63) and late-onset MG(age at onset ≥ 50 years, n = 42). Social demographic data and information about marital status, education level, clinical symptoms, serum antibody levels, and therapies used were collected for all participants. Participants were also evaluated using the Myasthenia Gravis Composite scale, the Myasthenia Gravis Activities of Daily Living scale, the Myasthenia Gravis Quality of Life 15(MG-QOL-15) questionnaire, the 17-item version of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HAM-D) and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale(HAM-A). The relationship between clinical features and mental health in late-onset MG patients was examined using multivariate logistic regression analyses.RESULTS Late-onset MG patients were more prone to dyspnea, had higher levels of serum anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies, and higher total scores on the MG-QOL-15, HAM-D, and HAM-A questionnaires, than early-onset MG patients had(P < 0.05). Among those with late-onset MG, female patients had higher total HAM-D and HAM-A scores than male patients had(P < 0.05). High scores on the QOL-15 questionnaire were associated with higher incidences of anxiety and depression, and the association was found to be independent after adjusting for confounding risk factors. In the late-onset subgroup, the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for the MG-QOL-15 score-based diagnostic accuracy for anxiety and depression state were 0.816(P = 0.001) and 0.983(P < 0.001), respectively.CONCLUSION Higher MG-QOL-15 scores were a risk factor for anxiety and depression in late-onset MG, and women with late-onset MG were more likely to have anxiety and depression than men were.

Psychology University Students’ Mental Health Status during COVID-19 Pandemic in Karachi, Pakistan

Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic has brought challenges in various domains of life but for low and middle-income country university students very demanding situations have emerged. University students’ psychological well-being has always been an area of concern worldwide and higher rates of anxiety and depression have been extensively reported among this cohort. Objective: To determine the frequency of depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and quality of sleep and the association of sleep quality and personality traits with anxiety and depressive symptoms among university students in Karachi, Pakistan in the context of the pandemic COVID-19. Method: This web-based cross-sectional study was conducted among the students of a renowned, private, and HEC-recognized university during March 2020 to April 2020. Google forms were used to disseminate the online questionnaire to screen for depression-Patient Health Questionnaire—PHQ-9, anxiety-Generalized Anxiety Disorder—GAD-7, sleep-quality-Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale— PSQI and personality traits-Short Term Big Five Inventory—BFI-S. Results: Among the total sample size of 227 students, a considerable proportion of student participants had symptoms of mild anxiety [34.8%], moderate anxiety [15.9%], severe anxiety [18%], mild depression [19.8%], moderate depression [21.5%], moderately severe depression [13.3%] and severe depression [12%]. The majority of them were poor sleepers [77.5%]. Poor sleep quality was also associated with the level of depression and anxiety with a p-value of tiousness, Extroversion & Neuroticism were comparatively more vulnerable to anxiety and depression than people with other traits. Conclusion: This study gives strong evidence that a large percentage of university students have been suffering from depressive and anxiety symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic accompanied by poor sleep quality. Protecting students’ mental health is an inevitable target during health crises by developing preventive strategies and interventions to address the psychological well-being of university students. The findings also highlight the significance of personality traits as a relevant component of individual differences to respond to various health-related emergencies.

Perinatal mental health in China:views of health system professionals in Shanghai

Background:Mental health has recently been receiving a growing amount of attention in China's Mainland,with mental disorders increasingly being recognized as a major public health concern.However,the treatment gap for mental health care is markedly high in China.Previous research and clinical practice have focused on high-risk physical disorders but overlooked psychosocial factors,especially during the perinatal period.Aims:To explore Chinese professionals'perception and attributions of perinatal mental health in China.Method:The study was conducted in Shanghai,China,in 2018,drawing on interviews with 15 key informants including health professionals,government officials,and policymakers recruited through snowball sampling.Content analysis of the semi-structured interviews was performed.Results:The study yielded insights into the perceptions of perinatal mental health among health professionals in Shanghai.Three themes emerged from the informants'reports:(1)mental health influenced by tradition—describing traditions affecting the perception of mental health at both the societal and individual level;(2)societal changed contributing perinatal mental health problems—referring to a rapidly changing cultural and economic backdrop as a source of stress leading to mental health problems;and(3)existing and required resources—demonstrating a lack of professional training,staff shortages,and inadequacy of resources to provide the required mental health care.Conclusion:Our results provide new insights into key health professionals'perceptions of mental health problems in Shanghai.Hesitation to seek care owing to a lack of knowledge,and resource shortages in health care systems are obstacles to improve mental health among women in urban China.

Investigation and analysis of mental health status and related influencing factors of medical staff in Karamay City who assisted Ili during the outbreak of COVID-19

Background:To investigate the mental health status and its influencing factors of medical staff in Karamay City who assisted Ili during the outbreak of COVID-19,so as to provide a reliable basis for timely and effective psychological intervention.Methods:Applied questionnaire survey and used the“questionnaire star”platform to investigate the mental health status of medical staff assisting Ili by the General information,the PHQ-9,the GAD-7 and the SCL-90.And the relevant influencing factors were analyzed by univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis.Results:Factors such as whether they will support again,whether they need to provide psychological staff,and whether they have a sense of guilt for their families have a significant impact on the PHQ-9 of medical staff(p<0.05);Whether they will support again,whether they need psychological staff,and whether they feel bored and lonely during the closed loop management have a significant impact on the GAD-7 of medical staff(p<0.05);The SCL-90 was compared with the norm,and the scores of somatization,interpersonal sensitivity and terror factors of medical personnel were statistically significant(p<0.05),scores in other aspects(diet sleep)are obvious(1.63±0.72).Conclusion:During the period of COVID-19,the medical staff in Karamay City who assisted Ili had anxiety and depression,and their mental health was not optimistic,more attention and the necessary intervention should be given.

The Effects of Accumulated Short Bouts of Mobile-Based Physical Activity Programs on Depression,Perceived Stress,and Negative Affectivity among College Students in South Korea:Quasi-Experimental Study

Regular physical activity(PA)is known to enhance multifaceted health benefits,including both physical and mental health.However,traditional in-person physical activity programs have drawbacks,including time constraints for busy people.Although evidence suggests positive impacts on mental health through mobile-based physical activity,effects of accumulated short bouts of physical activity using mobile devices are unexplored.Thus,this study aims to investigate these effects,focusing on depression,perceived stress,and negative affectivity among South Korean college students.Forty-six healthy college students were divided into the accumulated group(n=23,female=47.8%)and control group(n=23,female=47.6%).The accumulated group engaged in mobile-based physical activity,following guidelines to accumulate a minimum of two times per day and three times a week.Sessions were divided into short bouts,ensuing each bout lasted at least 10 min.The control group did not engage in any specific physical activity.The data analysis involved comparing the scores of the intervention and control groups using several statistical techniques,such as independent sample t-test,paired sample t-tests,and 2(time)×2(group)repeated measures analysis of variance.The demographic characteristics at the pre-test showed no statistically significant differences between the groups.The accumulated group had significant decreases in depression(t_(40)=2.59,p=0.013,Cohen’s D=0.84)and perceived stress(t_(40)=2.06,p=0.046,Cohen’s D=0.56)from the pre-to post-test.The control group exhibited no statistically significant differences in any variables.Furthermore,there were significant effects of time on depression scores(F1,36=4.77,p=0.036,η_(p)^(2)=0.12)while significant interaction effects were also observed for depression(F_(1,36)=6.59,p=0.015,η_(p)^(2)=0.16).This study offers informative insights into the potential advantages of mobile-based physical activity programs with accumulated periods for enhancing mental health,specifically in relation to depression.This study illuminates the current ongoing discussions on efficient approaches to encourage mobile-based physical activity and improve mental well-being,addressing various lifestyles and busy schedules.