Relationship between Interaction Anxiousness,Academic Resilience,Cultural Intelligence and Ego-Identity among Chinese Vocational Pathway University Students:A Conditional Process Analysis Model

Background:University students’ego-identity,an essential component of their psychological development and mental health,has widely attracted the attention of policymakers,schools,and parents.Method:A total of 298 Chinese vocational pathway undergraduates were recruited,and a conditional process analysis model was adopted to explore the interaction mechanism of ego-identity.Results:The results suggest that the ego-identity of Chinese vocational pathway undergraduates is significantly affected by interaction anxiousness,academic resilience,and cultural intelligence.(1)Interaction anxiousness significantly and positively predicts ego-identity.(2)Academic resilience positively and partially mediates the effect of interaction anxiousness on ego-identity.(3)Cultural intelligence significantly and positively moderates the relationship between interaction anxiousness and ego-identity.However,a similar moderating effect was not found between interaction anxiousness and academic resilience.(4)As cultural intelligence increases,the negative influence of interaction anxiousness on ego-identity gradually diminishes,whatever the cultural intelligence level.Conclusions:Interaction anxiousness,academic resilience,and cultural intelligence are essential determinants of ego-identity among Chinese vocational pathway undergraduates.Strategic interventions should be utilized to enhance their abilities to alleviate interpersonal tensions,promote their resilience in facing academic difficulties,cope with diverse cultures,and boost their sense of self-confirmation.

More anxious than depressed:prevalence and correlates in a 15-nation study of anxiety disorders in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background Anxiety disorder, one of the highly disabling, prevalent and common mental disorders, is known to be more prevalent in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) than the general population, and the comorbid presence of anxiety disorders is known to have an impact on the diabetes outcome and the quality of life. However, the information on the type of anxiety disorder and its prevalence in persons with T2DM is limited. Aims To assess the prevalence and correlates of anxiety disorder in people with type 2 diabetes in different countries. Methods People aged 18-65 years with diabetes and treated in outpatient settings were recruited in 15 countries and underwent a psychiatric interview with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Demographic and medical record data were collected. Results A total of 3170 people with type 2 diabetes (56.2% women;with mean (SD) duration of diabetes 10.01 (7.0) years) participated. The overall prevalence of anxiety disorders in type 2 diabetic persons was 18%;however, 2.8% of the study population had more than one type of anxiety disorder. The most prevalent anxiety disorders were generalised anxiety disorder (8.1%) and panic disorder (5.1%). Female gender, presence of diabetic complications, longer duration of diabetes and poorer glycaemic control (HbA1c levels) were significantly associated with comorbid anxiety disorder. A higher prevalence of anxiety disorders was observed in Ukraine, Saudi Arabia and Argentina with a lower prevalence in Bangladesh and India. Conclusions Our international study shows that people with type 2 diabetes have a high prevalence of anxiety disorders, especially women, those with diabetic complications, those with a longer duration of diabetes and poorer glycaemic control. Early identification and appropriate timely care of psychiatric problems of people with type 2 diabetes is warranted.

Correlation between interaction anxiousness and sleep deprivation among undergraduate students

Sleep deprivation is a common problem among university students,it causes lowered cognitive skills,higher tend of suicide,risk-taking behavior and interaction anxiety.By using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI)and Interaction Anxiousness Scale(IAS),the survey on the sleep quality and interaction anxiousness was carried out among 124 undergraduate students,in order to found the correlation between sleep deprivation and interaction anxiousness.The results showed a strong positive correlation between them.This study also investigates the difference of PSQI and IAS among students with varied disciplines and grades,and findings illustrated a poor sleep quality as well as poor interpersonal communication situation among university students.

Acute toxicity of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine in the anxious mood of rats

BACKGROUND： The long-term neurotoxicity of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine （MDMA） mainly caused by repeated exposure to MDMA or a single big dose of MDMA, which results in degeneration of serotonin terminal of central nervous system, and someone believe that the great release of serotonin transmitter in central nervous system will lead to anxious mood. OBJECTIVE： To observe the changes of anxiety related behaviors in rats after single administration of different doses of MDMA. DESIGN： A randomized control study SETTING： Laboratory of Psychopharmacology of the Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University. MATERIALS： Thirty male adult Wistar rats, weighing （251.3＋18.34） g, were used, MDMA were obtained from the National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products, and dissolved in saline. All the doses of the drug were administered in a volume of 1 mg/kg. METHODS ： The experiment was carried out in the Laboratory of Psychopharmacology of the Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University in July 2003. ①The rats were randomly divided into control group （n=6） and experimental group （n=24）, and then those in the latter were randomly assigned into four subgroups of MDMA 3, 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg groups, with 6 rats in each, which were administrated by single intraperitoneal injection of MDMA 3, 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg respectively, and those in the control group were administrated by single intraperitoneal injection of saline of the same volume. ② The open field test, elevated plus-maze test and social interaction test were performed immediately after administration. For the open field test, the apparatus was situated in a darkened room, illuminated by a single 60 W white light bulb located approximately 60 cm above the center of the open field. Before administration, all the rats were placed into the open field to be familiar with the open field for 5 minutes. They were observed for 45 minutes after administration. The locomotion （number of squares the rat passes）, rearing response, time spent in central squares and defecation were observed, 1 minute for each time for a total of 9 times. For the elevated plus-maze test, the maze was situated in a quiet darkened room, illuminated by a single 60 W white light bulb located approximately 50 cm above the center of the maze. Arm entries were only counted when all the four paws had entered either a closed or an open arm within 5 minutes, and the time spent in the arms were observed. For the social interaction test, the matched rats were put into the arena head-to-head in opposite direction, and aggressive-type behaviors, avoidance, passive and exploration were observed. ③ The one-way analysis of variance was performed with the SPSS 10.0 software. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The results of open field test, elevated plus-maze test and social interaction test were observed. RESULTS： All the 30 rats were involved in the analysis of results. ① Results of open field test： After single administration of MDMA of 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg, the dose-dependent Iocomotors （number of squares the rat passes） in the experimental groups were obviously higher than those in the control group [（21.67±17,55）, （34.44±19.47）, （33.48±23.34）, （7.31 ±6,02） s; P 〈 0.05], and the rearing responses were markedly lower than those in the control group [（0.70±1.71）, （0.96±1.68）, （0.39±0.88）, （1.37±1.59） s, P 〈 0.05]. ② Results of the elevated plus-maze test： After acute administration of MDMA, there were no differences between the MDMA subgroups and saline group in the number of open-arms entries, the open-arms time, the percent of number of open arm entries/total arm entries, and the percent of time spent on the open arms/total time （P 〉 0.05）.③ Results of the social international test： After acute administration of MDMA, there were no differences between the MDMA subgroups and saline group in the aggressive-type behaviors, avoidance, passive, exploration and total time of interaction （P 〉 0.05） CONCLUSION： The acute administration of MDMA has no obvious influence on the anxiety-related behaviors of rats.

The Relationship between Smartphone Addiction and Interaction Anxiousness among College Students in Sweden

The development of mobile phone has brought great convenience to people＇s daily life, smart phone with various applications has improved the quality of life of people, but also change the people＇s behavior. As a major group of using smart phones, college students have also experienced situations in which the use of mobile phones has decreased the efficiency of learning and escaped from academic pressure. This is a quantitative research for college student in Halmstad that aims at exploring the relevance between smartphone addiction and interaction anxiousness. The sample of 123 college students using smartphone was collected and using incidental sampling method with the use of college students＇ smartphone addiction scale and interaction anxiousness scale as questionnaires to collect data. The analysis of descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, independent-sample t-test, and regression et al. was used on SPSS 23. According to the results, The smartphone addiction is not common among Swedish college students. The overall status of college students＇ interaction anxiousness is close to a moderate level. Interaction anxiousness has significant differences in gender, subject and grade. There is a significant positive correlation between smartphone addiction and interaction anxiousness. Interaction anxiousness has a certain predictive effect on smartphone addiction.

综合医院住培医师医患沟通能力调查及相关因素分析

目的调查住培医师的医患沟通现状,分析医患沟通与同理心及交往焦虑之间的关系。方法选取陕西省人民医院2020年11月至2021年7月在院培训的278名住培医师为研究对象。采用医患沟通技能评价量表(SEGUE)、同理心量表(ES)及交往焦虑量表(IAS)进行调查。比较不同人口学特征住培医师的SEGUE、ES、IAS评分,分析SEGUE评分与ES、IAS评分的相关性。结果不同年龄住培医师的SEGUE、IAS评分比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同婚姻状况住培医师的IAS评分比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。本科学历住培医师的信息给予评分高于硕士,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。一年级住培医师的SEGUE总分及其各维度评分均低于二、三年级(P<0.01)。Pearson相关分析显示,住培医师的SEGUE总分及其各维度评分与ES评分呈正相关(P<0.01);SEGUE总分及准备阶段、信息给予、理解病人及结束问诊评分与IAS评分呈负相关(P<0.01)。结论住培医师医患沟通能力处于中等水平,且随规培时间延长,其沟通能力增强,医患沟通能力与同理心和交往焦虑有关,需要及时对低年级住培医师进行相关培训。

交往焦虑量表的信效度及其在中国大学生中的适用性

目的 :分析交往焦虑量表的信效度 ,评估其在中国大学生中的适用性。方法 :14 3 9名大学生、5 8名精神科神经症住院病人以及 2 4名社交焦虑的大学生分别接受交往焦虑量表、社交苦恼与回避量表以及焦虑自评量表的自评 ,其中 3 0名大学生 2周后重测。结果 :交往焦虑量表的Cronbachα系数为 0 81,重测系数为 0 78,信度指标良好 ;与社交苦恼及回避量表的相关为 0 66,与焦虑自评量表的相关为 0 2 9,正常大学生与住院病人量表得分差异不显著 ,但两者与社交焦虑大学生的得分差异显著 ,说明其聚合效度与区分效度良好。结论 :该量表具有良好的测量学指标 ,可以作为我国大学生社交焦虑研究的有效工具。

团体心理规范化培训对改善新入职护士心理状况的效果分析

目的评价团体心理规范化培训对改善新护士心理健康状况的效果。方法选取2012年3月至2013年3月180名新护士为对照组,采用常规培训法;选取2013年4月至2014年4月180名新护士为实验组,采用团体心理规范化培训,包括6次课程,每次课程进行热身引导、开放互动、分享体验和成长评价共4个方面内容。结束后,采用简易应对方式问卷、交往焦虑量表、领悟社会支持量表评价两组培训效果。结果培训后,实验组新护士积极应对方式、交往焦虑得分、领悟社会支持等明显改善(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论团体心理培训能有效降低新护士社交焦虑水平,提高新护士领悟社会支持和积极应对水平。

非结构式团体咨询用于护士人际关系改善研究

目的探讨非结构式团体咨询对改善护士人际关系的效果。方法招募8名护士为团体咨询成员,由2名领导者带领进行非结构式团体咨询,每周1次。使用信任量表、人际关系综合诊断量表和交往焦虑量表进行团体咨询前测、团体咨询12周结束后及间隔3个月测评。结果干预12周后信任得分显著高于干预前(P<0.05),人际关系综合诊断及交往焦虑得分差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05);团体成员13个自评条目总分60.00±0.76,团体成员认为团体咨询有利于分享其他成员的经验和感受、反思自己及学会表达,希望团体活动能增加次数和延长时间等。结论非结构式团体咨询对改善护士的人际信任有即时效果,有利于团体成员正性心理的形成。

脑囊虫病患者的智力、记忆力和情感的研究

本文对９３例脑囊虫病患者进行了情感测验，其中４３例进行了记忆测验，４０例进行了智力测验。分别与正常人对照组相比，脑囊虫病可造成患者的记忆、智力水平明显下降（Ｐ＜０．００１：Ｐ＜０．０５）；并给患者造成了明显的焦虑和抑郁情感（Ｐ＜０．００１），女性病人的情感更易受影响，男性病人中伴发癫痫或高颅压者的焦虑成绩均明显高于无相应指标者。

当代大学生人际信任与交往焦虑因素分析——以南昌地区为个案调查中心

通过实证调查研究南昌市 6 0 0名大学生 ,结果表明 :性别与年龄是影响大学生人际信任的因素 ;人际信任的程度和性格的内外向是交往焦虑的重要影响因素 ;

大学生社交焦虑与手机互联网使用行为的关系:手机社交网络使用偏好的中介

采用交往焦虑量表、大学生手机移动互联网服务使用偏好问卷和大学生手机移动互联网过度使用行为问卷对1 488名大学生进行测试。结果发现：大学生社交焦虑水平与手机互联网过度使用行为差异显著高（P〈0.01）,高社交焦虑大学生的手机互联网过度使用行为均显著高于低社交焦虑的大学生;社交焦虑、手机社交网络使用偏好和手机互联网过度使用行为3者间呈显著正相关（r=0.097~0.761,P〈0.01）,社交焦虑和手机社交网络使用偏好均能显著正向预测手机互联网过度使用行为;手机社交网络使用偏好在社交焦虑与手机互联网过度使用行为间起部分中介作用,中介效应占总效应的16.0%。可见社交焦虑既可直接又可间接通过手机社交网络使用偏好对大学生手机互联网过度使用行为产生影响。

中学生睡眠质量与生活事件及社交焦虑

目的探讨中学生睡眠质量的现状及睡眠质量与生活事件及社交焦虑的关系。方法采取分层整群随机抽样的方法,抽取长沙市和湘潭市2836名青少年学生,采用自制一般情况问卷、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）、青少年生活事件量表（ASLEC）和交际焦虑量表（IAS）进行调查。结果 1中学生睡眠质量PSQI总分为（4.88±2.527）分,有14.7%的人存在睡眠问题;2中学生睡眠质量的危险因素包括农村、高中、非独生子女、家庭经济情况较差、家庭暴力、负性生活事件及社交焦虑;3中学生睡眠质量与负性生活事件和社交焦虑呈强相关（r=0.132~0.381,P〈0.01）,有无睡眠问题中学生间负性生活事件和社交焦虑存在显著差异（t=11.927,4.437;P〈0.01）。结论负性生活事件和社交焦虑均对中学生睡眠质量产生较大的负面影响,应引起重视。

大学生的交往焦虑与父母教养方式的相关性研究

目的探讨大学生的社交焦虑与父母教养方式的相关。方法对被试进行社交焦虑量表和父母养育方式评价量表的测量。结果样本的平均焦虑水平高于总体平均水平,男生和女生无显著差异(t=41.2±8.51/38.9±8.59;P>0.05)。父母的教养方式在性别方面无显著差异(P>0.05)。父母的情感温暖、理解与社交焦虑呈显著负相关(t=-0.566,P<0.01/t=-0.31,P<0.01),父亲的拒绝、否认与母亲的过干涉、过保护与社交焦虑呈显著正相关(t=0.190;P<0.05/t=0.372;P<0.01)。结论父母的教养方式有所差异且父母的教养方式对大学生的交往焦虑有显著影响。

大学生社交焦虑与手机网络过度使用行为的关系

目的：考察社交焦虑、手机社交网络使用偏好和手机网络过度使用行为间的关系。方法：采用交往焦虑量表、大学生手机移动网络服务使用偏好问卷和大学生手机移动网络过度使用行为问卷对1488名大学生进行测试。结果：（1）大学生不同社交焦虑水平与手机网络过度使用行为差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,高社交焦虑大学生的手机网络过度使用行为均高于低社交焦虑的大学生;（2）社交焦虑、手机社交网络使用偏好和手机网络过度使用行为三者间呈正相关（r=0.097～0.761,P〈0.01）,社交焦虑和手机社交网络使用偏好均能正向预测手机网络过度使用行为;（3）手机社交网络使用偏好在社交焦虑与手机网络过度使用行为间起部分中介作用,中介效应占总效应的16.0%。结论：社交焦虑既可直接又可间接通过手机社交网络使用偏好对大学生手机网络过度使用行为产生影响。

个体化护理对门诊老年拔牙患者的影响

目的:探讨个体化护理对门诊老年拔牙患者的影响,以提高对门诊老年拔牙患者的护理水平。方法 :将100例门诊拔牙的老年患者,以随机抽签方式分为试验组和对照组,对试验组采用制定的个体化护理方式进行护理,对照组仅采用传统的常规方式进行护理,在拔牙前、后以汉密顿焦虑量表对2组患者的焦虑状况进行评估;拔牙后加用VRS语言等级评定量表测定患者的疼痛状态。评估结果采用SPSS 16.0软件包进行t检验和方差分析。结果:实验前患者汉密顿焦虑量表评分无显著差异,实验后试验组患者疼痛感低于对照组(P<0.05);汉密顿焦虑量表评分显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:对门诊老年拔牙患者实施个体化护理,能显著降低患者的焦虑情绪,提高患者对治疗的依从性,改善服务质量,减少并发症。

高职生羞怯、焦虑、孤独与人际和谐的关系

采用人际和谐量表、羞怯量表、焦虑量表和孤独量表对1 548名高职生进行调查。结果显示:高职生羞怯、焦虑和孤独在性别上存在显著的差异,其中女生显著高于男生;在同学和谐、师生和谐以及族际和谐上男生显著高于女生;羞怯与焦虑、孤独呈非常显著的正相关,焦虑与孤独呈非常显著的正相关;羞怯、焦虑、孤独与人际和谐呈显著的负相关;高职生的羞怯和焦虑程度对人际和谐具有显著的预测作用。

武警新兵交往焦虑状况调查

目的:调查某部武警新兵交往焦虑状况。方法:采用交往焦虑量表(IAS),测评981名新兵的交往焦虑水平并对其项目进行分析。结果:新兵的交往焦虑均分为42.93±7.35。新兵中初中生的交往焦虑的程度要高于高中生。分别有37.5%、39.3%的战士与陌生的人、权威人士谈话时感到紧张和不自在。有85.5%.的战士在社交场合感到信心不足。结论:武警新兵交往焦虑水平偏高,其主要体现在与陌生人、上级交往以及信心不足方面。

医学生人际信任、交往焦虑调查及其相关性分析

目的：了解医学生人际信任和交往焦虑的状况,并探讨两者之间的关系,为加强和改进医学生的心理健康教育工作提供理论依据。方法：采用人际信任量表（IT）和交往焦虑量表（IAS）对399名医学生进行测量。结果：不同性别、父母不同文化程度的医学生人际信任和交往焦虑的差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。独生与否、不同生源地的医学生人际信任和交往焦虑水平差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05-P〈0.01）。人际信任和交往焦虑程度之间呈显著负相关关系（P〈0.01）。结论：医学生交往焦虑水平相对较高。人际信任与交往焦虑有着较为紧密的联系。

团体心理辅导对交往焦虑新兵的应对方式、社会支持、自尊的影响

目的探讨人际交往团体训练对改善高交往焦虑新兵的有效性及可行性。方法选取交往焦虑得分大于49分的64名武警新兵为研究对象,随机分成实验组和对照组,每组各32人。两组与其他战士一样参与正常的军事训练和心理训练,并共同参加一次以人际交往为主题的心理健康教育课。对实验组进行为期6周的人际交往团体训练,实验前后分别测查交往焦虑量表(IAS)自尊量表(SES)、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)、简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ),比较实验组和对照组得分,以评估干预的效果。结果经6周团体咨询后,实验组除应对方式中消极应对无显著差异外,交往焦虑得分、积极的应对方式、领悟社会支持、自尊等明显改善(P<0.05)。结论团体心理辅导不仅能够有效降低新兵交往焦虑水平,还能提高新兵的自尊、领悟社会支持和积极应对。