Analysis of the Effect of Problem-Oriented Nursing Intervention on Patients with Lower Extremity Arteriosclerosis Obliterans in Vascular Surgery

Objective: To analyze the effect of problem-oriented nursing intervention on patients with lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO) in vascular surgery. Methods: The clinical data of 128 patients with lower extremity ASO in vascular surgery were selected and randomly divided into groups A and B, with 64 cases each. Group A is the control group, and Group B is the observation group. Group A received the routine nursing intervention, and Group B received the problem-oriented nursing intervention. The compliance, self-care ability, psychological state, quality of life, and nursing satisfaction of the two groups of patients were evaluated based on various indicators. Results: After the intervention, the evaluation of self-care ability (ESCA) score of the patients in Group B was higher than that of Group A, and the symptom checklist-90 (SCL-90) score was lower than that of Group A. The differences were significant (t = 10.019, t = 3.118, P < 0.01). After the intervention, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief (WHOQOL-BREF) index scores of the two groups increased and the increase in Group B was significantly higher than Group A (P < 0.001). The compliance rate of Group B (62/ 96.88%) was higher than that of Group A (52/ 81.25%), and the difference was extremely significant (χ2 = 8.020, P < 0.01). Conclusion: Problem-oriented nursing intervention for patients with lower extremity ASO in vascular surgery improved the patient’s self-care ability, and quality of life, reduced the patient’s negative emotions, and enhanced their overall satisfaction.

Clinical and prognostic features in asymptomatic and symptomatic patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans

Background: Patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO) often have co-existing atherosclerotic diseases. The purpose of this study was to examine the clinical features of patients with ASO, including the overlap of atherosclerotic risk factors, characteristics of car-diovascular events, and clinical prognosis. Method: We enrolled 205 consecutive patients who had ankle brachial index (ABI) of ?0.9 between January 2008 and December 2009. Fontaine (F) classification and clinical background were evaluated and clinical events including mortality and major adverse cardiocerebro-vascular events (MACCEs) were determined. Results: There was a high prevalence of each risk factor. Sixty- five percent of subjects had three or more of the four overlapping risk factors, including hypertension, dia- betes, dyslipidemia, and smoking. After a maximum follow-up of 800 days, the incidence of MACCEs and mortality was 46% and 10%, respectively. We divided the patients into two groups according to the presence of ASO symptoms (F1 and F2-4) and compared the incidence of events. The incidence of MACCEs and mortality in the F2-4 group was significantly higher than that in the F1 group (P = 0.048, P = 0.044, respectively). After excluding lower extremity revascularization, coronary artery disease was a common cause of MACCEs, and the mortality rates after MACCEs increased in a stepwise manner according to F classification severity (P = 0.028). Conclusion: Patients with ASO had overlapping coronary risk factors and a high incidence rate of cardiovascular events. The incidence of coronary events was common, especially in symptomatic patients, and the mortality rates after MACCEs were high in accordance with F classification severity.

Mechanism of Simiao Yongan decoction in the treatment of arteriosclerosis obliterans of lower extremity through JAK/STAT signaling pathway

Objective:To predict the effective components,potential targets and pathways of Simiao Yong’an Decoction in the treatment of lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans(ASO)based on the method of network pharmacology,and to explore the mechanism of Simiao Yong’an Decoction in treating ASO combined with cell experiment.Methods:TCMSP database was used to screen the active components and targets of Simiao Yong’an decoction,and Genecards and OMIM databases were used to obtain ASO related proteins;PPI network of drug disease target proteins was constructed by string platform;go function and KEGG pathway enrichment of Simiao Yong’an Decoction ASO target were analyzed by David database.The drug target pathway with high correlation with ASO was selected.The model of vascular smooth muscle cell injury(VSMCs)induced by ox LDL was used,and Simiao Yong’an decoction containing pharmaceutical Qing was given to verify the therapeutic effect of Simiao Yong’an Decoction on ox LDL induced VSMCs and its regulation on highly correlated target pathway.Results:A total of 126 active components of Simiao Yong'an Decoction were screened,40 targets of Simiao Yong’an Decoction ASO were selected,99 go biological processes and 48 related signal pathways were related to ASO;the experimental results showed that with the passage of time,Simiao Yongan decoction could significantly inhibit the proliferation of VSMCs(P<0.05);compared with the model group,the percentage of BrdU positive cells in each dose group of Simiao Yong’an decoction was significantly higher than that in the model group In addition,Simiao Yong’an decoction could significantly inhibit the proliferation of VSMCs(P<0.05);in addition,Simiao Yongan decoction could inhibit the levels of IL-6 and IL-1β(P<0.05);significantly inhibit the expression of PCNA,JAK2 and STAT3 mRNA(P<0.05);Conclusions:Simiao Yong’an decoction has the effect of"multi-component,multi-target and multi-channel"in the treatment of ASO.It can inhibit the activation of JAK/STAT signaling pathway,play an anti-inflammatory role and inhibit the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells.

Efficacy and safety of Danhong injection in the treatment of arteriosclerosis obliterans:a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

目的:系统评价丹红注射液治疗动脉硬化闭塞症的临床有效性和安全性。方法:计算机检索中国知网(CNKI)、维普中文期刊数据库(VIP)、万方数据知识服务平台、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、Pubmed、科学引文索引(SCI)数据库、Cochrane Library在内的8个中英文数据库,2位研究者对符合入选标准者采用Cochrane推荐的偏倚风险评估方法评价偏倚风险,提取资料,并应用Review Manager软件进行Meta分析和系统评价。结果:最终纳入13项研究,总病例数884例,结果显示,丹红注射液治疗动脉硬化闭塞症与常规治疗方式相比较,临床有效性更高,差异有统计学意义,[OR=3.08,95%CI(2.07,4.60),P<0.00001];对动脉硬化程度改善更加明显,[OR=0.15,95%CI(0.12,0.19),P<0.00001];对血流动力学改善更加明显,[OR=-0.19,95%CI(-0.33,-0.04),P=0.01];未有任何不良反应发生。结论:丹红注射液治疗动脉硬化闭塞症,临床有效性更高,对动脉硬化程度和血流动力学改善更加明显,且具有较高安全性。但由于文献研究质量偏低,需要更多高质量、大样本、随机对照双盲临床试验提供高级别证据,以进一步验证丹红注射液治疗动脉硬化闭塞症有效性和安全性。

Application of Big Data Deep Learning in Auxiliary Diagnosis of Lower Extremity Arteriosclerosis Obliterans

At present,the incidence rate of arteriosclerosis obliterans(LEASO)of the lower extremities is significantly increased by aging and lifestyle changes.It is of great importance to predict the LEASO effectively and accurately by analyzing the imaging data of the lower extremities⑴.At this stage,China has entered the era of big data and artificial intelligence.Medical institutions at all levels can produce a large number of lower limb vascular image data every day.Using big data deep learning technology to intelligently analyze a large number of image data,and then carry out auxiliary diagnosis,so as to improve the diagnosis and treatment effect of LEASO is the focus of clinical research.

Application of buried auricular point combined with Wenjing Sanhan prescription in arteriosclerosis obliterans patients with resting pain

BACKGROUND Research on the combined use of ear acupoint embedding beans and warming meridians with cold-dispersing formulas for alleviating resting pain in patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans(ASO)remains limited.AIM To explore the therapeutic efficacy of auricular point embedding beans combined with Wenjing Sanhan prescription in alleviating resting pain in patients with lower-limb ASO.METHODS A total of 100 patients with ASO experiencing resting pain who were treated at our hospital from January 2022 to January 2023 were enrolled.They were randomly allocated into two groups using a double-blind approach.The control group was treated using a warming meridian with a cold-dispersing formula,while the study group received additional treatment with ear acupoint embedding beans.The clinical efficacy,ankle-brachial artery pressure ratio,hemorheological indicators,and traditional Chinese medicine symptom scores were compared between the two groups.RESULTS The clinical efficacy rate in the study group was significantly higher(94.00%)than that in the control group(72.00%,P<0.05).Moreover,the ankle-brachial artery pressure ratio was significantly higher in the study group after treatment(P<0.05).Hemorheological parameters,including whole blood viscosity,plasma viscosity(1.83±0.11)mPa/s,fibrinogen levels(3.30±0.21)g/L,platelet adhesion rate(49.87%±10.51%),and erythrocyte aggregation index(1.79±0)were improved in the study group compared to the control group.In addition,the scores for decreased skin temperature(1.41±0.26),intermittent claudication(1.30±0.20),and resting pain(1.23±0.31)were significantly lower in the study group than those in the control group(all P<0.05).The level of oxidative stress in the study group also exhibited significant improvement(P<0.05),and the levels of inflammatory factors were considerably lower than those in the control group.CONCLUSION The combination of ear point embedding beans and Wenjing Sanhan prescription demonstrates promising clinical efficacy in alleviating resting pain associated with ASO.

Mechanism of Danggui Sini Decoction(当归四逆汤)for Atherosclerosis Obliterans Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking

Objective:Based on network pharmacology and molecular docking,we want to explore the pharmacological effects and mechanism of Danggui Sini Decoction in the treatment of lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans.Methods:Using TCMSP database to search the main active components of Danggui Sini Decoction(当归四逆汤,DSD)and their related targets,Cytoscape3.8.1 software was used to construct a"component-disease-target"interaction network.Meanwhile,DAVID database was used to enrich the key target genes with GO and KEGG functions.And we used Auto Dock Tools 1.5.6 for molecular docking.Results:A total of 45 candidate active molecules and 250 potential target proteins related to ASO were screened.Key genes such as TNF,IL6,VEGFA,MMP9,IL1B,CCL2,CXCL8,ICAM1,VCAM1,and IL10 are mainly through TNF signaling pathway,HIF-1 signaling pathway,cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction,Toll-like receptor signaling pathway,NF-kappa B signaling pathway,MAPK signaling pathway and other biological pathways exert their effects.The results of molecular docking showed that 5UUI-sesamin,5UUI-paeoniflorin,4XCT-sesamin,and 4XCT-sesamin have extremely strong binding ability.Conclusion:Danggui Sini Decoction(当归四逆汤,DSD)can synergistically exert pharmacological effects through multiple components,multiple targets,and multiple pathways.On the basis of regulating immunity and inhibiting smooth muscle proliferation,it can prevent the occurrence and development of ASO.

下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者生活质量及影响因素分析

目的:分析下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者生活质量及影响因素,为改善患者生活质量提供依据。方法:采用便利抽样法,选取2022年6月—11月重庆市某三级甲等医院下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者302例为调查对象,采用疼痛程度数字评分量表、生活自理能力评分量表和中文修订版外周动脉疾病生活质量量表评估其生活质量。应用SPSS22.0统计学软件,采用ANOVA方差分析及多元逐步回归分析等方法进行统计、分析。结果:下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者生活质量评分为(57.22±13.69)分。不同居住地、个人平均月收入、医疗费用支付方式、步行距离、疼痛分级、生活自理能力评定结果、吸烟年限患者的生活质量得分比较,差异具有统计学差异(P<0.05)。多元逐步回归分析结果显示,生活质量的3个影响因素为疼痛分级、生活自理能力评定结果、步行距离。结论:下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者总体生活质量差,其主要影响因素为疼痛、生活自理能力和步行距离。提示临床应加强对高危人群的早期筛查,早诊断、早治疗,从而改善下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者生活质量。

CT血管造影对下肢动脉硬化闭塞症介入治疗效果评价及术后复发预测价值研究

目的探讨CT血管造影(CTA)对下肢动脉硬化闭塞症(ASO)介入治疗效果评估及术后复发预测价值。方法选择130例ASO患者,其中男性81例,女性49例;年龄50~67岁,平均年龄58.92岁(标准差5.04岁);身体质量指数(BMI)21~27 kg/m^(2),平均BMI 24.28 kg/m^(2)(标准差1.33 kg/m^(2));高血压51例,糖尿病56例,冠心病57例;吸烟85例。均给予介入手术治疗及CTA检查,比较手术前后下肢动脉狭窄程度、斑块参数[斑块负荷(PB)、斑块面积(PA)、最小管腔面积(MLA)]。对所有患者进行为期1年的随访,根据ASO是否复发,分为复发组和未复发组,比较两组斑块参数,绘制受试者工作特性(ROC)曲线,计算曲线下面积(AUC),分析PB、PA、MLA对ASO复发的预测价值。Logistic回归分析ASO复发的危险因素。结果术后中度狭窄(23.08%)、重度狭窄(19.23%)、完全闭塞率(3.08%)均低于术前(30.77%、46.15%、13.85%)(P<0.05)。术后PB、PA、MLA均低于术前[(29.82±4.11)%vs(62.82±8.16)%、(4.26±0.26)mm^(2)vs(9.26±1.33)mm^(2)、(3.01±0.17)mm^(2)vs(7.16±1.05)mm^(2)。P<0.05]。随访1年后,根据复发情况分为复发组28例和未复发组102例。复发组PB(57.63±4.28)%、PA(9.02±1.27)mm^(2)、MLA(6.96±1.01)mm^(2)均高于未复发组[(28.11±3.85)%、(4.07±1.07)mm^(2)、(2.85±0.12)mm^(2)。t=35.077、20.805、40.474,P<0.05]。PB、PA、MLA联合检测预测ASO复发的AUC是0.792[95%可信区间(CI)0.716~0.954],灵敏度、特异度分别是93.08%、91.13%,均高于单一检测(P<0.05)。高血压、糖尿病、血管闭塞长度、术后用药不规律、C反应蛋白(CRP)是ASO复发的危险因素(P<0.05)(OR=1.268、1.216、1.134、1.329、1.226;95%CI=1.135~1.438、1.128~1.395、1.034~1.296、1.162~1.468、1.133~1.429)。结论CTA可准确评估ASO患者下肢动脉狭窄程度,辅助临床评估治疗效果,提高对疾病复发的预测灵敏度及特异度,ASO的复发与多种因素有关,应当引起临床重视与关注。

血管减压联合药物涂层球囊对股腘动脉硬化性闭塞症患者早期疗效及其机制分析

目的探讨血管减压联合药物涂层球囊对股腘动脉硬化性闭塞症患者早期疗效及其机制。方法选择2020年1月至2022年5月于合肥市第一人民医院就诊的82例股腘动脉硬化性闭塞症患者为研究对象。采用随机数字表法将患者分为对照组(n=41,行药物涂层球囊治疗)与观察组(n=41,行血管减压联合药物涂层球囊治疗)。比较两组患者临床疗效、动脉硬化相关指标、血流动力学参数、血小板活化因子水平及并发症发生情况。结果观察组患者总有效率为92.69%(38/41),高于对照组患者的75.61%(31/41),差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。治疗后,两组患者股腘动脉内中膜厚度、脉搏波传导速度均低于本组治疗前,且观察组患者股腘动脉内中膜厚度、脉搏波传导速度均低于对照组患者;治疗后,两组患者踝臂血压指数均高于本组治疗前,且观察组患者踝臂血压指数高于对照组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。治疗后,两组患者全血黏度、血浆黏度、纤维蛋白原水平均低于本组治疗前,且观察组患者全血黏度、血浆黏度、纤维蛋白原水平均低于对照组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。治疗后,两组患者可溶性CD40配体、sP选择素均高于对照组患者,且观察组患者可溶性CD40配体、sP选择素均高于对照组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。两组患者并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。结论血管减压联合药物涂层球囊治疗较单独行药物涂层球囊治疗可有效提高股腘动脉硬化性闭塞症患者早期疗效,改善患者动脉硬化相关指标、血流动力学参数,但却在一定程度上导致血小板活化因子水平升高。

下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者术后糖代谢及脂代谢指标对支架内再狭窄的预测价值

目的探讨下肢动脉硬化闭塞症(ASO)患者术后糖代谢、脂代谢指标对支架内再狭窄(ISR)的预测价值。方法选择2018年1月至2021年10月郑州大学第二附属医院及上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院收治的160例下肢ASO患者为研究对象。患者均接受经皮腔内血管成形术联合支架植入术治疗,术后随访1 a,根据随访期间ISR发生情况将患者分为ISR组(n=59)和非ISR组(n=101)。收集2组患者的临床一般资料,采用单因素分析初步筛选出发生支架内再狭窄的影响因素,将筛选出的指标进一步行多因素logistic回归分析,分析下肢ASO患者术后发生ISR的影响因素。应用受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线分析出院前1 d糖代谢、脂代谢指标单独及联合预测下肢ASO患者术后发生ISR的价值,绘制决策曲线分析出院前1 d糖代谢、脂代谢指标单独及联合预测下肢ASO患者术后发生ISR的净受益率。结果160例患者中59例发生ISR,发生率为36.88%。ISR组与非ISR组患者的年龄、性别、饮酒、合并症、患侧、Fontaine分期、外周血空腹血糖、血清三酰甘油水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);ISR组吸烟者占比及外周血糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、血清低密度脂蛋白(LDL)水平显著高于非ISR组,血清高密度脂蛋白(HDL)水平显著低于非ISR组(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,外周血HbA1c、血清LDL水平升高是下肢ASO患者术后发生ISR的危险因素(比值比>1.00,P<0.05),血清HDL水平升高是下肢ASO患者术后发生ISR的保护因素(比值比<1.00,P<0.05)。ROC曲线结果显示,外周血HbA1c、血清LDL、HDL水平单独及联合预测下肢ASO患者术后发生ISR的曲线下面积分别为0.717、0.761、0.654、0.824,特异度分别为0.861、0.792、0.851、0.663,灵敏度分别为0.525、0.678、0.424、0.864。决策曲线分析结果显示,下肢ASO患者术后出院前1 d外周血HbA1c、血清LDL、血清HDL联合预测ISR发生的净受益率高于三者单独预测。结论下肢ASO患者术后糖代谢指标外周血HbA1c、脂代谢指标血清LDL及HDL对ISR的发生均有一定预测价值,且三者联合检测的预测价值及获得的净受益率更高。

下肢动脉血管重建术后并发淋巴漏的风险预测列线图模型建立及预防指导

目的探讨下肢动脉血管重建术后并发淋巴漏的影响因素,并以此构建风险预测列线图模型,同时提出相对应的预防指导建议。方法回顾性分析于2014年1月至2022年6月在徐州市中心医院行下肢动脉血管重建的879例下肢动脉硬化闭塞症(LEASO)病人的临床资料,根据病人术后有无并发淋巴漏将其分为并发组(31例)和未并发组(848例),比较两组病人的一般资料。采用多因素logistic回归分析法分析下肢动脉血管重建术后并发淋巴漏的影响因素,并基于此采用R 3.4.5软件包绘制列线图模型,且绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线对列线图模型的预测效能进行评估,绘制校准度曲线图并采用Bootstrap法检验预测列线图预测模型的一致性。结果单因素分析显示,两组身体质量指数(BMI)[(26.52±2.01)kg/m^(2)比(25.71±2.13)kg/m^(2)]及Fontaine分期[Ⅳ期38.71%比18.28%]、术中出血量[>100 mL 29.03%比11.20%]、术后血红蛋白(Hb)水平[(95.33±15.25)g/L比(104.57±22.38)g/L]、术后白蛋白(Alb)水平[(25.68±5.59)g/L比(28.28±6.17)g/L]、使用高频电刀(83.87%比55.54%)、腹股沟切口(80.65%比56.25%)差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。logistic回归分析可知,BMI[OR=2.52,95%CI:(1.18,3.86)]、Fontaine分期[OR=3.22,95%CI:(2.08,4.36)]、术中出血量>100 mL[OR=3.36,95%CI:(2.23,4.48)]、术后Hb水平[OR=2.97,95%CI:(1.75,4.20)]、术后Alb水平[OR=3.10,95%CI:(2.02,4.19)]、使用高频电刀[OR=3.39,95%CI:(2.20,4.59)]、腹股沟切口[OR=3.31,95%CI:(2.00,4.62)]均是影响LEASO病人下肢动脉血管重建术后并发淋巴漏的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。据此构建预测LEASO病人下肢动脉血管重建术后并发淋巴漏的列线图模型,预测值同实测值基本一致,一致性指数为0.836,模型具有良好的精准度和区分度。结论BMI、Fontaine分期、术中出血量>100 mL、术后Hb水平、术后Alb水平、使用高频电刀、腹股沟切口均为影响LEASO病人下肢动脉血管重建术后并发淋巴漏的影响因素,基于上述因素构建的列线图模型效能高。

NRG1、VASH-1水平对ASO患者介入治疗后再狭窄的预测价值

目的探讨血清神经调节蛋白1(NRG1)、血管生成抑制蛋白-1(VASH-1)对下肢动脉硬化闭塞症(ASO)患者介入治疗后再狭窄的预测价值,以期为临床治疗提供参考。方法选取选取2021年9月—2023年8月宝鸡市中医医院收治的112例ASO患者作为本次研究对象。根据介入治疗6个月后患者是否发生再狭窄分为再狭窄组(n=29)和非再狭窄组(n=83)。比较2组患者血清NRG1、VASH-1水平;采用受试者工作特性(ROC)曲线评估血清NRG1、VASH-1对ASO患者介入治疗后再狭窄的预测价值;采用二分类Logistic逐步回归分析探讨ASO患者介入治疗后再狭窄的影响因素。结果再狭窄组患者NRG1水平低于非再狭窄组,VASH-1水平高于非再狭窄组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ROC曲线显示,血清NRG1联合VASH-1预测ASO患者介入治疗后再狭窄的曲线下面积(AUC)(95%CI)为0.903(0.852~0.954),特异度为87.11%,灵敏度为86.05%,其预测效能较高。2组患者性别构成、年龄、体质量指数、合并症、病变部位、总胆固醇水平、甘油三酯水平、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);再狭窄组患者吸烟占比、血管完全闭塞占比、血管病变长度、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平、糖化血红蛋白水平、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平均大于非再狭窄组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。二分类Logistic逐步回归分析结果显示,CRP≥18.74 mg/L、LDL-C≥3.69 mmol/L、NRG1≤16.98 pg/mL、VASH-1≥553.49 ng/L是ASO患者介入治疗后再狭窄的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论血清NRG1水平降低、VASH-1水平升高与ASO患者介入治疗后再狭窄之间关系密切,且这2项指标可作为ASO患者介入治疗后再狭窄的重要预测因子。

下肢动脉硬化闭塞症生活质量问卷的汉化及信效度评价

目的汉化外周动脉疾病生活质量问卷,并检验其信效度。方法在取得原作者同意并授权的情况下,根据Brislin模型对原问卷进行翻译、回译、文化调适及预调查,形成中文版下肢动脉硬化闭塞症生活质量问卷。采用便利抽样法,于2022年8月至2023年5月选取河南省人民医院135例下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者实施调查,检验中文版下肢动脉硬化闭塞症生活质量问卷的信效度。结果中文版下肢动脉硬化闭塞症生活质量问卷包括6个维度,12个条目。问卷的内容效度为0.98,Cronbach'sα系数为0.899,各维度的Cronbach'sα系数为0.637~0.884,折半信度为0.805,重测信度为0.696,校标关联效度为-0.712(P<0.01)。探索性因子分析提取6个因子,累计方差贡献率为87.332%。结论中文版下肢动脉硬化闭塞症生活质量问卷具有良好的信效度,可作为下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者生活质量的评估工具。

中医耳穴压豆在下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者中的护理效果及对疼痛的影响

目的:探讨中医耳穴压豆在下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者中的护理效果及对疼痛的影响。方法:选取2019年1月至2022年3月本院接受治疗的130例下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将患者分为实验组(n=65)以及参考组(n=65);参考组给予常规疼痛护理干预,实验组给予中医耳穴压豆干预;比较两组患者临床疗效、临床症状消失时间及护理前后疼痛(VAS)评分。结果:实验组治疗有效率明显高于参考组(P<0.05);实验组溃疡、斑块以及坏疽消失时间低于参考组(P<0.01);护理后,两组VAS评分较护理前明显降低,且实验组显著低于参考组(P<0.01);两组ADL评分明显提高,且实验组大于参考组(P<0.01);两组不良反应发生率比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:耳穴压豆在下肢动脉硬化闭塞症护理中的应用效果良好,能有效改善患者临床症状,降低疼痛,提高其日常生活能力,推广价值高。

1992-2022年中医药治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症研究文献可视化分析

目的了解中医药治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症研究现状及发展趋势,为相关研究提供参考。方法检索中国知识资源总库(CNKI)、中国学术期刊数据库(万方数据)、中文科技期刊数据库(VIP)收录的1992年9月18日-2022年9月18日中医药治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症研究文献。采用NoteExpress3.6.0软件管理、去重,采用Excel2019分析发文量趋势,采用VOSviewer1.6.18.0和CiteSpace6.1.R6软件对纳入文献作者、机构及关键词进行共现、聚类、时间线及突现分析并绘制知识图谱。结果共纳入文献1095篇,发文量总体呈上升趋势;涉及1915位作者,发文最多的为陈柏楠,形成了以奚九一、曹烨民、葛建立等为核心的研究团队;主要研究机构有山东中医药大学、北京中医药大学、黑龙江中医药大学等,但各机构间合作较少;高频关键词有动脉硬化、糖尿病、临床疗效、脱疽、血液流变学等,形成气虚血瘀、四妙勇安汤、血管新生等13个聚类,研究热点为中医外治法、临床疗效、血脉瘀阻证、用药规律、补阳还五汤。结论1992-2022年中医药治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症研究热度逐渐升高;基于大数据平台的基因检测、分子生物学等现代研究为该领域研究热点;中医内、外治法联合的中医特色综合治疗,以及结合介入治疗等技术的中西医结合多学科交叉研究为发展趋势。

老年下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者不同治疗方式的预后分析

目的 探究不同治疗方法对老年下肢动脉闭塞症患者不良预后的影响。方法 回顾性选取2020年5月至2022年5月在西安交通大学第一附属医院周围血管科住院的老年下肢动脉闭塞症患者352例,根据患者意愿和病变特征分为球囊扩张组142例、支架置入组145例及保守治疗组65例,对所有患者进行13~24个月的随访,随访内容:主要不良心血管事件(MACE),包括全因死亡、急性心肌梗死、急性缺血性脑卒中和主要不良下肢事件(MALE),包括下肢静息痛、溃疡或皮肤缺损、坏疽、再闭塞、截肢发生情况,比较分析3组临床资料和预后,绘制Kaplan-Meier生存曲线。结果 支架置入组全因死亡发生率显著低于保守治疗组(9.7%vs 23.1%,P<0.01)。支架置入组和球囊扩张组MALE静息痛发生率明显低于保守治疗组(4.8%、9.2%vs 24.6%,P<0.01)。结论 适合行介入治疗的老年下肢动脉闭塞症患者接受血管腔内治疗可以降低部分患者发生全因死亡和MALE事件风险。

系统性炎症指标对下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者发生肌少症的预测价值

目的:评估全身免疫炎症指数(SII)、血小板/淋巴细胞比值(PLR)、中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLR)、淋巴细胞/单核细胞比值(LMR)和C反应蛋白(CRP)等系统性炎症指标对下肢动脉硬化闭塞症(ASO)患者发生肌少症的预测价值。方法:本研究纳入江苏大学附属武进医院和南京医科大学附属常州第二人民医院的251例ASO患者。依据第三腰椎腰大肌指数(PMI)将患者分为肌少症组和非肌少症组。收集患者的一般资料和相关血液指标,并计算SII、PLR、NLR和LMR。通过二分类Logistic回归分析确定ASO患者发生肌少症的危险因素,并采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估相关指标的预测效果。结果:251例ASO患者中,肌少症组和非肌少症组患者数分别为98例(39.0%)和153例(61.0%)。与非肌少症组相比,肌少症组患者年龄明显增加(P<0.001),SII、PLR、NLR和CRP水平明显增高(P<0.01),而BMI和LMR水平明显降低(P<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果表明,高龄、BMI偏低、SII上升均为ASO患者发生肌少症的独立危险因素。ROC曲线结果显示,年龄、BMI、SII和3项指标联合预测肌少症发生的曲线下面积分别为0.674、0.678、0.644和0.746(P均<0.001)。结论:年龄、BMI及系统性炎症指标中的SII对ASO患者肌少症的发生有一定的预测价值。

介入治疗90岁及以上下肢动脉闭塞症患者的临床疗效

目的探讨90岁以上下肢动脉闭塞症患者经皮下肢动脉腔内成形手术的临床疗效。方法选择2018年1月至2022年12月首都医科大学宣武医院收治的下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者18例,均采用下肢动脉腔内成形术进行治疗。结果所有患者手术成功。16例患者手术前间歇性跛行距离为(125.56±119.77)m,手术后为(338.89±259.84)m(t=5.09,P<0.05);手术前踝肱指数为0.31±0.20,出院时踝肱指数为0.71±0.16(t=-11.52,P<0.05)。其中15例术后3个月Rutherford分级得到不同程度的提高,血管治疗长度[(250.45±213.50)mm]与Rutherford分级提升无相关性(P=0.703),而术后血管恢复比值(0.82±0.17)与Rutherford分级提升存在相关性(P=0.022)。结论介入治疗90岁及以上下肢动脉闭塞症患者的临床效果显著,能够保留患者部分自理能力,提高生活质量。

药物涂层球囊治疗股腘动脉硬化闭塞症真实临床结果

目的探讨现实临床中药物涂层球囊(DCB)治疗股腘动脉硬化闭塞症的安全性和有效性。方法回顾性分析2017年4月至2022年9月在南京医科大学附属南京医院接受OrchidⓇDCB治疗的股腘动脉硬化闭塞症患者临床资料。主要观察指标为末次随访时患肢一期和二期通畅情况。次要观察指标包括技术成功率及随访期主要不良事件(MAE)截肢、病变段血栓形成及全因死亡。使用Kaplan-Meier法分析评估患肢通畅率,Cox比例风险模型分析确定影响一期通畅率的风险因素。结果共入组146例患者(163条患肢),年龄为(71.7±9.7)岁;病变长度为(276.60±112.61)mm;97条(59.5%)患肢存在重症下肢缺血(CLI),57条(35.0%)患肢为股腘动脉病变。术后随访(583.2±261.84)d。MAE发生率为8.9%(13/146),死亡率为5.5%(8/146)。Kaplan-Meier分析显示,术后1、2、3年一期通畅率分别为92.2%、78.1%、69.0%,二期通畅率分别为97.2%、87.5%、74.7%。Cox比例风险模型分析显示,CLI是影响一期通畅率的风险因素。Kaplan-Meier分析显示,术后1、2、3年一期通畅率在间歇性跛行组分别为98.2%、89.1%、82.3%,CLI组分别为88.2%、78.0%、56.6%。CLI组的MAE发生率为16.5%(15/91)。结论DCB治疗股腘动脉硬化闭塞症安全有效,间歇性跛行组疗效优于CLI组。