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Chemically Mediated Interactions between Grapevine, Aphid, Ladybird, and Ant in the Context of Insect Chemical Ecology
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作者 Taghreed Alsufyani Noura J.Alotaibi +2 位作者 Nour Houda M’sakni Mona A.Almalki Eman M.Alghamdi 《Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany》 SCIE 2024年第7期1523-1542,共20页
This study simplifies the complex relationship among grapevine plants,aphids,ladybirds,and ants,which is essential for effective pest management and ecological balance.This study investigated the impact of aphid attack... This study simplifies the complex relationship among grapevine plants,aphids,ladybirds,and ants,which is essential for effective pest management and ecological balance.This study investigated the impact of aphid attacks and the presence of ants and ladybirds on the volatile compounds profile released into the chemosphere of the community consisting of the common vine Vitis vinifera,the aphid Aphis illinoisensis,the ladybird Cocci-nella undecimpunctata-and the ant Tapinoma magnum.This study aims to analyze the volatile compounds emitted by the grapevine and surrounding insects in response to these intricate interactions.The extraction of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)was carried out using closed-loop stripping(CLS)and then analyzed via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)and principles coordinated analysis(PCA)was performed.The grapevine was exposed to different types and order of treatments,including non-infested,aphid-infested,aphid-infested with ant,aphid-infested with ladybird,and various combinations of ant and ladybird.After the aphid attack,the outcomes uncovered massive alterations in the volatile compound profiles.Infested grapevine displayed distinct emissions of germacrene D,an alcohol,and an alkene compared to non-infested plants.The characteristic VOC profile was the share of infested grapes in the presence of ants,with benzene derivatives and sesquiterpenes dominating the components.The coexistence of ladybirds with ants and aphids resulted in a dif-ferent volatile profile characterized by elevated levels of aldehydes,ketones,α-farnesene,and its hydroxy deriva-tive.It was concluded that the emission of VOCs into the chemosphere of the grapevine communities varied qualitatively and quantitatively depending on the level of the relationship complexity within each community in response to the infestation of grapevines by aphids,the presence of ladybirds as natural predators,and the presence of ant as protector.The grapevine’s status-dependent compounds can serve as indicators of infestation status and contribute to non-destructive early-stage diagnosis of the aphid. 展开更多
关键词 aphidS Aphis illinoisensis volatile organic compounds chemosphere pest management gas chromatography-mass spectrometry closed-loop stripping
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Reactions of Maruca Resistant Transgenic Cowpea to Cowpea Aphid-Borne Mosaic Virus
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作者 Mounyratou Rabo Moustapha Ouédraogo +6 位作者 Orokia Coulibaly Assita Traoré-Barro Salimata Traoré Teyioue Benoit Joseph Batieno Chantal Kaboré-Zoungrana Aboubacar Toguyeni Oumar Traoré 《Agricultural Sciences》 2024年第7期742-753,共12页
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. [Walp.]) in one of the main grain legumes contributing to food security and poverty alleviation in Sub-Saharan Africa. To control the highly damaging legume pod borer Maruca vitrata F., tr... Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. [Walp.]) in one of the main grain legumes contributing to food security and poverty alleviation in Sub-Saharan Africa. To control the highly damaging legume pod borer Maruca vitrata F., transgenic cowpea lines expressing the insecticidal Cry1Ab Bt protein were developed. In this study, we evaluated the impact of Cry1Ab transgene expression on the susceptibility of four cowpea lines (named IT97K-T, IT98K-T, Gourgou-T and Nafi-T) and their respective non-transgenic near isogenic lines (IT97K, IT98K, Gourgou and Nafi) to Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CABMV) in greenhouse conditions. In a preliminary quality control test by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the presence of Cry1Ab protein in transgenic seed lots ranged from 59% to 72%, with no significant differences among the lines (χ2 = 3.26;p = 0.35). Upon virus inoculation, all cowpea lines exhibited mosaic symptoms with similar severity between 7- and 11-day post-inoculation. No significant differences were observed in symptom severity. Significant differences were found between cowpea lines for time of symptom onset, virus accumulation in plants and days to 50% flowering. However, while comparing pairs of transgenic lines and corresponding non-transgenic lines, virus accumulation showed not significant differences whatever the pair. Time of symptom onset and days to 50% flowering did not also differ significantly between pairs of cowpea lines except Nafi/Nafi-T in which transgenic Nafi-T showed earlier symptoms (7.4 ± 0.7 vs. 8.9 ± 0.8 days post-inoculation) and shorter flowering time (37.3 ± 0.6 vs. 42 ± 1.7 days after sowing). Overall, these findings improve our understanding of the effects of Cry1Ab gene mediated genetic modification on cowpea infection by Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus, with potential implications for environmental safety assessment. 展开更多
关键词 COWPEA CRY1AB Cowpea aphid-Borne Mosaic Virus Environmental Safety
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Regional selection of insecticides and fungal biopesticides to control aphids and thrips and improve the forage quality of alfalfa crops 被引量:1
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作者 PAN Fan GAO Li-jie +6 位作者 ZHU Kai-hui DU Gui-lin ZHU Meng-meng ZHAO Li GAO Yu-lin TU Xiong-bing ZHANG Ze-hua 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第1期185-194,共10页
The efficacies of biological and conventional chemical insecticides against two major insect pests of alfalfa(aphids and thrips)were compared in three sites across China’s alfalfa belt.In addition,the persistence of ... The efficacies of biological and conventional chemical insecticides against two major insect pests of alfalfa(aphids and thrips)were compared in three sites across China’s alfalfa belt.In addition,the persistence of the residues of chemical insecticides in alfalfa and their influence on the quality of alfalfa hay were examined.Efficacy varied among the different biological and chemical insecticides.The chemical insecticides were significantly more effective than biopesticides in a short time-frame.The efficacy period of biopesticides was significantly longer than that of chemical insecticides,and the corrected mortality rate of aphids in all regions was above 50%at 14 days after application.The analysis of pesticide residues showed that the residual doses of all the pesticides were within the allowed ranges after the safe period.The acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber contents in alfalfa hay were higher and the protein content was lower in chemical insecticide treatments than in biopesticide treatments in Hebei.The relative feeding value of alfalfa hay treated with Metarhizium anisopliae IPP330189 was the highest among the treatments.Compared with chemical insecticides,the yield of alfalfa hay was higher in the biopesticides treatments.Biopesticides show a stronger control effect on insect populations and also a better improvement in the quality of alfalfa hay than chemical insecticides.This study provides a basis for exploring and developing a comprehensive control regime for alfalfa insect pests in the different alfalfa-growing regions in China,and for reducing chemical insecticide usage and improving forage quality. 展开更多
关键词 insect pest control pollution free control pesticide residue aphidS THRIPS
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Model fitting of the seasonal population dynamics of the soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura, in the field 被引量:1
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作者 XU Lei ZHAO Tong-hua +3 位作者 XING Xing XU Guo-qing XU Biao ZHAO Ji-qiu 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第6期1797-1808,共12页
The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura(Hemiptera: Aphididae), is one of the greatest threats to soybean production, and both trend analysis and periodic analysis of its population dynamics are important for integ... The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura(Hemiptera: Aphididae), is one of the greatest threats to soybean production, and both trend analysis and periodic analysis of its population dynamics are important for integrated pest management(IPM). Based on systematically investigating soybean aphid populations in the field from 2018 to 2020, this study adopted the inverse logistic model for the first time, and combined it with the classical logistic model to describe the changes in seasonal population abundance from colonization to extinction in the field. Then, the increasing and decreasing phases of the population fluctuation were divided by calculating the inflection points of the models, which exhibited distinct seasonal trends of the soybean aphid populations in each year. In addition, multifactor logistic models were then established for the first time, in which the abundance of soybean aphids in the field changed with time and relevant environmental conditions. This model enabled the prediction of instantaneous aphid abundance at a given time based on relevant meteorological data. Taken as a whole, the successful approaches implemented in this study could be used to build a theoretical framework for practical IPM strategies for controlling soybean aphids. 展开更多
关键词 soybean aphid population dynamics logistic model inverse logistic model multifactor logistic model
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Identification of candidate genes for aphid resistance in upland cotton by QTL mapping and expression analysis
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作者 Qiushuang An Zhenyuan Pan +4 位作者 Nurimanguli Aini Peng Han Yuanlong Wu Chunyuan You Xinhui Nie 《The Crop Journal》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第5期1600-1604,共5页
Lignin is one of the main components of cell walls and is essential for resistance to insect pests in plants.Cotton plants are damaged by aphid(Aphis gossypii) worldwide but resistant breeding is undeveloped due to sc... Lignin is one of the main components of cell walls and is essential for resistance to insect pests in plants.Cotton plants are damaged by aphid(Aphis gossypii) worldwide but resistant breeding is undeveloped due to scarce knowledge on resistance genes and the mechanism. This study reported a lignin biosynthesisrelated gene identified in the F_(2) population derived from the cross between cotton cultivars Xinluzao 61(resistant to aphid) and Xinluzao 50(susceptible to aphid). A quantitative trait locus was mapped on chromosome D04 with a logarithm of odds(LOD) score of 5.99 and phenotypic effect of 27%. RNA-seq analysis of candidate intervals showed that the expression level of GH_D04G1418 was higher in the resistant cultivar than in the susceptible cultivar. This locus is close to AtLAC4 in the phylogenetic tree and contains a conserved laccase domain. Hence, it was designated GhLAC4-3. Silencing of GhLAC4-3 in Xinluzao 61 via virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS) resulted in decreased lignin content and increased susceptibility to aphids. These results suggest that GhLAC4-3 might enhance aphid resistance by regulating lignin biosynthesis in cotton. 展开更多
关键词 GhLAC4-3 LIGNIN Gossypium hirsutum aphid resistance
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Identification of Early Peach Aphid Infestation Based on Hyperspectral Imaging Technology
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作者 Yangyang Fan Wenjie Feng +1 位作者 Zhengjun Qiu Shuai Wang 《Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology》 EI CAS 2023年第3期374-383,共10页
Peach aphid is a common pest and hard to detect.This study employs hyperspectral imaging technology to identify early damage in green cabbage caused by peach aphid.Through principal component transformation and multip... Peach aphid is a common pest and hard to detect.This study employs hyperspectral imaging technology to identify early damage in green cabbage caused by peach aphid.Through principal component transformation and multiple linear regression analysis,the correlation relation between spectral characteristics and infestation stage is analyzed.Then,four characteristic wavelength selection methods are compared and optimal characteristic wavelengths subset is determined to be input for modelling.One linear algorithm and two nonlinear modelling algorithms are compared.Finally,support vector machine(SVM)model based on the characteristic wavelengths selected by multi-cluster feature selection(MCFS)acquires the highest identification accuracy,which is 98.97%.These results indicate that hyperspectral imaging technology have the ability to identify early peach aphid infestation stages on green cabbages. 展开更多
关键词 peach aphid hyperspectral imaging machine learning green cabbage
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Resistance in Barley (<i>Hordeum vulgare</i>L.) to New Invasive Aphid, Hedgehog Grain Aphid (<i>Sipha maydis</i>, Passerini) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
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作者 D. W. Mornhinweg G. J. Puterka J. S. Armstrong 《American Journal of Plant Sciences》 2020年第6期869-879,共11页
<div style="text-align:justify;"> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Sipha</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> <i>maydis</i>&l... <div style="text-align:justify;"> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Sipha</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> <i>maydis</i></span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Passerini (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a pest of cereals in many regions of the world and was identified as an invasive pest of the US in 2007. Regional surveys from 2015-2017 revealed this pest was broadly distributed throughout many of the western Great Plains states where it is a potential threat to cereal production. The common name hedgehog grain aphid, HGA, has been associated with </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Sipha</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">maydis</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> in the US. Cross-resistance where a plant is resistant to one aphid species and is also resistant to another species</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> that</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> is known to occur. Six barleys were evaluated for cross-resistance to HGA: Russian wheat aphid, RWA, resistant germplasms STARS 9301B and STARS 9577B and cultivar “Mesa”;greenbug, GB, resistant germplasm STARS 1501B and cultivar “Post 90”;and RWA and GB resistant experimental line 00BX 11-115. Cultivars “Morex” and “Schuyler” were susceptible controls. Antixenosis was measured 5 days after infestation by HGA. Seedling damage ratings and reductions in seedling growth were recorded after 17 days of infestation. Intrinsic rate of increase, </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">r</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">m</span></sub></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, of HGA was determined by following the development of newborn aphids to adulthood and reproduction. 00BX 11-115 and Post 90 had significantly greater antixenosis (fewer aphids/seedling), significantly lower plant damage ratings, and significantly lower intrinsic rates of increase than other entries. Differences in seedling growth were not significant. 00BX 11-115 and Post 90 were the only entries with the </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Rsg</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1 greenbug resistance gene. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Rsg</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1 greenbug resistance confers cross-resistance to HGA in the seedling stage.</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span> </div> 展开更多
关键词 Greenbug Resistance Russian Wheat aphid Resistance aphid Resistance Antixenosis Plant Damage Ratings Hedgehog Grain aphid
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The biotypes and host shifts of cotton-melon aphids Aphis gossypii in northern China 被引量:5
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作者 ZHANG Shuai LUO Jun-yu +5 位作者 WANG Li WANG Chun-yi LU Li-min ZHANG Li-juan ZHU Xiang-zhen CUI Jin-jie 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2018年第9期2066-2073,共8页
Aphis gossypfi is a globally distributed species and therefore has a highly variable life cycle. Populations of A. gossypii in northern China exhibit greater genotypic diversity and a broader host range, yet the detai... Aphis gossypfi is a globally distributed species and therefore has a highly variable life cycle. Populations of A. gossypii in northern China exhibit greater genotypic diversity and a broader host range, yet the details of life cycles of different biotypes is still unclear. In this study, the Cytb and 16S gene regions of A. gossypfi collected from 5 common summer hosts and 4 primary hosts were analyzed. A total of 57 haplotypes were obtained from 1 046 individual A. gossyp# sequences. The sequence included 44 variable sites, 27 of which were parsimony informative sites and 17 of which were singleton variable sites. The most frequent 3 haplotypes were found in 896 individuals, representing a total of 85.7% of all individuals and 36 haplotypes were found in 1 individual. A neighbor-joining tree was constructed using 21 haplotypes that were found in more than 2 individuals. Considering the individual host plant, 5 biotypes were identified. Type 1 corresponded exactly to the cucurbit host-race and the other 4 biotypes were found as cotton host-races. Type 3 was the most abundant biotype in cotton fields in northern China. 展开更多
关键词 cotton-melon aphid Cytb and 16S genes haplotype BIOTYPE cotton field
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Aphids and their transmitted potato viruses: A continuous challenges in potato crops 被引量:4
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作者 XU Yi Stewart M.GRAY 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2020年第2期367-375,共9页
Aphid is one of the most destructive insect pests on cultivated plants in temperate regions.Their piercing-sucking mouthparts and phloem feeding behavior directly damage crops and deplete plant nutrients.Potato(Solanu... Aphid is one of the most destructive insect pests on cultivated plants in temperate regions.Their piercing-sucking mouthparts and phloem feeding behavior directly damage crops and deplete plant nutrients.Potato(Solanum tuberosum L.)is one of the most important food sources on the planet,and several aphid species,e.g.,Myzus persicae(Sulzer)(green peach aphid)and Macrosiphum euphorbiae(Thomas)(potato aphid)(Hemiptera:Aphididae)colonize potato and transmit several economically important viruses.Aphid-transmitted potato viruses have been emerging all over the world as a very serious problem in potato production,inducing a wide variety of foliar and tuber symptoms,leading to severe yield reduction and loss of tuber quality.In this review,recent advances in understanding the interactions of potato viruses with their hosts,aphid vectors and the environment are described. 展开更多
关键词 aphidS VIRUS POTATO VECTOR transmission
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Identification of Soybean Resources of Resistance to Aphids 被引量:7
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作者 WU Tian-long,MA Xiao-hong,YAO Lu-ming and WANG Biao School of Agriculture and Biology,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,P.R.China 《Agricultural Sciences in China》 CSCD 2009年第8期979-984,共6页
Four soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars with soybean aphid resistance (Aphis glycines Matsmura), p189, P203, P574, and P746, were identified in field test, choice test, and non-choice test, The grade of re... Four soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars with soybean aphid resistance (Aphis glycines Matsmura), p189, P203, P574, and P746, were identified in field test, choice test, and non-choice test, The grade of resistance to aphids and the damage index of P189, P203, and P746 were significantly different from the susceptible cultivars (P=0.05). P574 and P746 showed antibiosis resistance, preventing aphids from reproducing on the plants. P203 showed antixenosis resistance, preventing aphids from reproducing in field test and choice test, but susceptible in non-choice test. Population development on plants was significantly different in field test, choice test, and non-choice test, which was caused by different selective pressures. 展开更多
关键词 Aphis glycines Matsmura resistance to aphids ANTIBIOSIS ANTIXENOSIS
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Identification of Molecular Markers for a Aphid Resistance Gene in Sorghum and Selective Efficiency Using These Markers 被引量:3
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作者 CHANG Jin-hua CUI Jiang-hui +1 位作者 XUE Wei ZHANG Qing-wen 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2012年第7期1086-1092,共7页
In this study, an F2 segregated population obtained by hybridization between the aphid-sensitive sorghum strain Qiansan and aphid-resistant cultivar Henong 16 was used to establish an aphid-resistant pool and an aphid... In this study, an F2 segregated population obtained by hybridization between the aphid-sensitive sorghum strain Qiansan and aphid-resistant cultivar Henong 16 was used to establish an aphid-resistant pool and an aphid-sensitive pool. 192 pairs of AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism) marker primers were screened in these pools using BSA (bulked segregant analysis). Three pairs of EcoR I-CTG/Mse I-CCT, EcoR I-CTG/Mse I-CAT, and EcoR I-AGT/Mse I-CCC showed linkage with aphis resistance. EcoR I-CTG/Mse I-CCT-475, EcoR I-CTG/Mse I-CAT-390, and EcoR I-AGT/Mse I-CCC- 350 (E42/M52-350) were mapped within 6, 10, and 13 cM distances with the aphid-resistant gene by using Mapmaker 3.0 software. The bands amplified by EcoR I-CTG/Mse I-CCT-475 and EcoR I-CTG/Mse I-CAT-390 were extracted, cloned, and sequenced. Specific primers of SCAR (sequence characterized amplified regions) were then designed from these bands. A specific band of 300 bp was amplified by a pair of SCAR primers designed based on the sequence obtained from the EcoR I-CTG/Mse I-CAT-390 marker. The SCAR marker was named SCAS0. The marker was used to detect the F2, BC1, and F2:3 populations. The selective efficiency was 86.8, 91.1, and 86.3% in the BC1, F2, and F2:3 populations, respectively. The average selective efficiency was 88.2%. 展开更多
关键词 sorghum bicolor aphid resistance gene molecular marker SCAR molecular assistant selection
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Transcriptome approach to understand the potential mechanisms of resistant and susceptible alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.) cultivars in response to aphid feeding 被引量:2
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作者 TU Xiong-bing ZHAO Hai-long ZHANG Ze-hua 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2018年第11期2518-2527,共10页
Plant breeding for resistance to agricultural pests is an essential element in the development of integrated crop management systems, however, the molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying resistance are poorly unde... Plant breeding for resistance to agricultural pests is an essential element in the development of integrated crop management systems, however, the molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying resistance are poorly understood. In this pilot study, we conducted a transcriptomic analysis of a resistant (R) and susceptible (S) variety of alfalfa, with (+A) or without (-A) aphids (totally four treatments). We used the resistant cultivar Zhongmu t and the susceptible cultivar Soca. A total of 3 549 mRNAs were differentially expressed, of which 1 738 up-regulated and 1 307 down-regulated genes were identified in S+A/S-A plants, while 543 up-regulated and 331 down-regulated genes were identified in the R+A/R-A plants. KEGG analysis mapped 112 and 546 differentially expressed genes to 8 and 17 substantially enriched pathways for Zhongmu 1 and Soca, respectively. Six shared pathways were linked to plant resistance traits, including phenylpropanoid biosynthesis associated with salicylic acid synthesis, and linoleic acid metabolism associated with both jasmonic acid and flavonoid biosynthesis. Ultimately, we proposed a preliminary regulatory mechanism of alfalfa cultivar resistance response to aphids feeding based on transcriptome analyses and published documents. 展开更多
关键词 alfalfa cultivar resistance aphidS TRANSCRIPTOMIC molecular mechanism
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Physiology and defense responses of wheat to the infestation of different cereal aphids 被引量:2
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作者 LIU Fang-hua KANG Zhi-wei +3 位作者 TAN Xiao-ling FAN Yong-liang TIAN Hong-gang LIU Tongxian 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2020年第6期1464-1474,共11页
Cereal aphids are major insect pests of wheat,which cause significant damages to wheat production.Previous studies mainly focused on the resista nee of differe nt wheat varieties to one specific aphid species.However,... Cereal aphids are major insect pests of wheat,which cause significant damages to wheat production.Previous studies mainly focused on the resista nee of differe nt wheat varieties to one specific aphid species.However,reports on the physiology and defense responses of wheat to different cereal aphids are basically lacking.In this work,we studied the feeding behavior of three cereal aphids:the grain aphid,Sitobion avenae(Fabricius),the greenbugs,Schizaphis graminum(Ron dani),and the bird cherry-oat aphid,Rhopalosiphum padi(Linn aeus)on win ter wheat,and the physiology and defense responses of wheat to the infestation of these cereal aphids with focus on how these cereal aphids utilize divergent strategies to optimize their nutrition requirement from wheat leaves.Our results indicated that S.graminum and R.padi were better adapted to penetrating phloem tissue and to collect more nutrition than S.avenae.The harm on wheat physiology committed by S.graminum and R.padi was severer than that by S.avenae,through reducing chlorophyll concentration and interfering metabolism genes.Furthermore,cereal aphids manipulated the plant nutrition metabolism by increasing the relative concentration of major amino acids and percentage of essential amino acids.In addition,different cereal aphids triggered specific defense response in wheat.All of these results suggested that different cereal aphids utilize diverge nt strategies to cha nge the physiological and defe nse resp on ses of their host plants in order to optimize their nutriti on absorption and requireme nt.These fin dings not only exte nd our current knowledge on the insect-pla nt in teractions but also provide useful clues to develop no vel biotech no logical strategies for enhancing the resistance and toleranee of crop plants against phloem-feeding insects. 展开更多
关键词 CEREAL aphidS FEEDING behavior NUTRITION PHYSIOLOGY defense response
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Reproductive polyphenism and its advantages in aphids:Switching between sexual and asexual reproduction 被引量:2
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作者 YAN Shuo WANG Wan-xing SHEN Jie 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2020年第6期1447-1457,共11页
Reproductive polyphenism,which allows one genotype to produce sexual and asexual morphs,is an extreme case of phenotypic plasticity and is commonly observed in aphids.Aphids are typical species that switch these repro... Reproductive polyphenism,which allows one genotype to produce sexual and asexual morphs,is an extreme case of phenotypic plasticity and is commonly observed in aphids.Aphids are typical species that switch these reproductive modes,and the pathway orientation is triggered by the environmental conditions(mainly photoperiod and temperature).The typical arm ual life of aphids in eludes a successi on of parthenogenetic gen erations duri ng the spri ng and summer and a single sexual generation in autumn.In this review,we describe how the environmental cues orientate the reproductive mode of aphids from photoperiodic perception to endocrine regulation,and how juvenile hormones may act on the target cells(oocytes)to initiate the gametogenesis and embryogenesis in sexual and asexual reproduction.We also discuss the paradox of sex,especially the advantages of sexual reproduction in aphids.With the recent development of genomic resources in aphids,many potential genes involved in the reproductive polyphenism will enter the public's awareness.In particular,we describe a novel RNAi method in aphids,which may provide a molecular technique for determining the developmental fate and multiple reproductive strategies. 展开更多
关键词 aphidS PARTHENOGENESIS EMBRYOGENESIS GAMETOGENESIS PHOTOPERIODISM
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Transgenic Expression of a Functional Fragment of Harpin Protein Hpa1 in Wheat Represses English Grain Aphid Infestation 被引量:1
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作者 XU Man-yu ZHOU Ting +4 位作者 ZHAO Yan-ying LI Jia-bao XU Heng DONG Han-song ZHANG Chun-ling 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2014年第12期2565-2576,共12页
The harpin protein Hpa1 produced by the rice bacterial blight pathogen promotes plant growth and induces plant resistance to pathogens and insect pests. The region of 10-42 residues (Hpa110-42) in the Hpa1 sequence ... The harpin protein Hpa1 produced by the rice bacterial blight pathogen promotes plant growth and induces plant resistance to pathogens and insect pests. The region of 10-42 residues (Hpa110-42) in the Hpa1 sequence is critical as the isolated Hpa110-42 fragment is 1.3-7.5-fold more effective than the full length in inducing plant growth and resistance. Here we report that transgenic expression of Hpa110-42 in wheat induces resistance to English grain aphid, a dominant species of wheat aphids. Hpa110-42-induced resistance is effective to inhibit the aphid behavior in plant preference at the initial colonization stage and repress aphid performances in the reproduction, nymph growth, and instar development on transgenic plants. The resistance characters are correlated with enhanced expression of defense-regulatory genes (EIN2, PP2-A, and GSL10) and consistent with induced expression of defense response genes (Hel, PDF1.2, PR-1b, and PR-2b). As a result, aphid infestations are alleviated in transgenic plants. The level of Hpa110-42-induced resistance in regard to repression of aphid infestations is equivalent to the effect of chemical control provided by an insecticide. These results suggested that the defensive role of Hpa110-42 can be integrated into breeding germplasm of the agriculturally signiifcant crop with a great potential of the agricultural application. 展开更多
关键词 Hpa110-42 transgenic wheat resistance aphidS chemical control
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Effects of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam as seed treatments on the early seedling characteristics and aphid-resistance of oilseed rape 被引量:5
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作者 HUANG Liang ZHAO Chun-lin +4 位作者 HUANG Fang BAI Run-e Lü Yao-bin YAN Feng-ming HAO Zhong-ping 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2015年第12期2581-2589,共9页
Seed treatments with the neonicotinoid insecticides imidacloprid and thiamethoxam were evaluated to determine whether the chemicals at effective concentrations for aphid control would influence the germination and ear... Seed treatments with the neonicotinoid insecticides imidacloprid and thiamethoxam were evaluated to determine whether the chemicals at effective concentrations for aphid control would influence the germination and early growth of oilseed rape,Brassica napus.Treatment with imidacloprid or thiamethoxam did not affect the cumulative germination rate,but significantly inhibited establishment potential by suppressing root system development in the cotyledon stage.However,these alterations in seedling development in the thiamethoxam-treated seeds appeared not to be detrimental as leaves developed;in contrast,for the seedlings with imidacloprid as seed treatment agent,a significantly decreased shoot/root ratio was still evident at the late two-leaf stage.After two leaves developed,chlorophyll content per leaf in the thiamethoxam treatment was significantly higher than that of the control,while chlorophyll content per leaf in the imidacloprid treatment remained close to that in the control.Most other parameters,i.e.,height,leaf area,weight of stem,leaf or root,and other growth indexes,between the treatments and the control showed no significant difference.Additionally,it was found that storage time of the treated seeds had a significant effect on cumulative germination rate.Treatment 30 d before planting significantly reduced germination relative to that of the control.All of the plants treated with neonicotinoids were shown to have significant anti-aphid characteristics that persisted until the end of the trial. 展开更多
关键词 oilseed rape seed coating agent imidacloprid thiamethoxam seedling growth germination aphid
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Performance and transcriptomic response of the English grain aphid, Sitobion avenae, feeding on resistant and susceptible wheat cultivars 被引量:2
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作者 LAN Hao ZHANG Zhan-feng +2 位作者 WU Jun CAO He-he LIU Tong-xian 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2021年第1期178-190,共13页
Plant resistance against insects mainly depends on nutrient restriction and toxic metabolites, but the relative importance of nutrition and toxins remains elusive. We examined performance, nutrition ingestion, and tra... Plant resistance against insects mainly depends on nutrient restriction and toxic metabolites, but the relative importance of nutrition and toxins remains elusive. We examined performance, nutrition ingestion, and transcriptome response of the English grain aphid, Sitobion avenae, feeding on resistant Xiaoyan 22(XY22) and susceptible Xinong 979(XN979) wheat cultivars. Aphids had lower body weight and fecundity when feeding on XY22 than on XN979, although the phloem sap of XY22 had a higher nutritive quality(in terms of amino acid:sucrose ratio). Aphids feeding on XY22 also had a lower honeydew excretion rate than those on XN979, suggesting that aphids ingested less phloem sap from XY22. The transcriptome data showed 600 differentially expressed genes(DEGs), and 11 of the top 20 KEGG pathways significantly enriched in DEGs were involved in nutrient metabolism. We found 81 DEGs associated with the metabolism of sugars, lipids, and amino acids, 59 of which were significantly downregulated in aphids feeding on XY22. In contrast, there were 18 DEGs related to detoxifying metabolism, namely eight UDP-glucuronosyltransferases, six cytochromes P450 monooxygenases, one glutathione S-transferase, two ATP-binding cassette transporters, and one major facilitator superfamily transporter;12 of these were upregulated in the aphids feeding on XY22. Our results indicated that both the quantity and quality of phloem nutrition available to aphids are critical for the growth and development of aphids, and the higher resistance of XY22 is mainly due to the reduction in phloem sap ingested by aphids, rather than toxic metabolites. 展开更多
关键词 plant–aphid interaction transcriptome response nutrition restriction
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Including predator presence in a refined model for assessing resistance of alfalfa cultivar to aphids 被引量:4
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作者 TU Xiong-bing FAN Yao-li +1 位作者 Mark McNeill ZHANG Ze-hua 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2018年第2期397-405,共9页
The aphid quantity ratio(AQR) is defined as the number of aphids on each cultivar divided by the number of aphids on all cultivars. AQR is based on the correlation between aphid populations and their host plants and... The aphid quantity ratio(AQR) is defined as the number of aphids on each cultivar divided by the number of aphids on all cultivars. AQR is based on the correlation between aphid populations and their host plants and is an important tool that has been utilized in evaluating Medicago sativa(alfalfa) cultivar resistance to aphids. However, assessment of alfalfa resistance to aphids can be confused by the presence of aphid predators, causing the assessment of plant resistance to aphids to be based on incorrect aphid population data. To refine the AQR and account for the effect of predators on aphid population assessments, we introduced a parameter ‘α', corresponding to the predator quantity ratio, and used αAQR as the ratio to quantify aphid populations. Populations of both aphids(4 species) and their predators(12 species) occurring in 28 M. sativa cultivars were sampled over two years at a research station near Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China. Results showed that the most suitable evaluation period was from May to June, as the aphid population was stable during this period. Compared with the AQR method, the predator population numbers based on the αAQR had a significant inverse relationship with aphid population numbers and the 28 cultivars were clustered into three classes: the resistant class, tolerant class, and susceptible class. In addition, 17 cultivars were reassigned when evaluated using αAQR. All numerical values calculated by αAQR were displayed as a Gaussian distribution, which showed that the 28 cultivars could be clustered into nine groups using a median value(±SE) of 1±0.1. Hence, ongoing alfalfa breeding trials will be assessed using the αAQR to establish a robust system that includes agronomic performance parameters in order to generalize the new method for further studies. 展开更多
关键词 aphid quantity ratio(AQR) model alfalfa cultivar resistance to aphids natural enemy
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Homopteran Vector Biomarkers for Efficient Circulative Plant Virus Transmission are Conserved in Multiple Aphid Species and the Whitefly Bemisia tabaci 被引量:1
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作者 Michelle Cilia Michael Bereman +2 位作者 Tara Fish Michael J MacCoss stewart Gray 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2012年第2期249-262,共14页
Plant viruses in the families Luteoviridae and Geminiviridae are phloem restricted and are transmitted in a persistent,circulative manner by homopteran insects.Using fluorescence 2-D difference gel electrophoresis to ... Plant viruses in the families Luteoviridae and Geminiviridae are phloem restricted and are transmitted in a persistent,circulative manner by homopteran insects.Using fluorescence 2-D difference gel electrophoresis to compare the proteomes of F2 genotypes of Schizaphis graminum segregating for virus transmission ability,we recently discovered a panel of protein biomarkers that predict vector competency.Here we used aphid and whitefly nucleotide and expressed sequence tag database mining to test whether these biomarkers are conserved in other homopteran insects.S.graminum gene homologs that shared a high degree of predicted amino acid identity were discovered in two other aphid species and in the whitefly Bemisia tabaci.Selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry was used to validate the expression of these biomarkers proteins in multiple aphid vector species.The conservation of these proteins in multiple insect taxa that transmit plant viruses along the circulative transmission pathway creates the opportunity to use these biomarkers to rapidly identify insect populations that are the most efficient vectors and allow them to be targeted for control prior to the spread of virus within a crop. 展开更多
关键词 aphid WHITEFLY Schizaphis graminum Bemisia tabaci Acyrthosiphon pisum Toxoptera citricida Myzuspersicae proteomics biomarker circulative transmission BEGOMOVIRUS LUTEOVIRUS GEMINIVIRUS leaflaopper selected reaction monitoring SRM mass spectrometry targeted proteomics Skyline
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Inter-species mRNA transfer among green peach aphids,dodder parasites,and cucumber host plants 被引量:1
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作者 Juan Song Jinge Bian +2 位作者 Na Xue Yuxing Xu Jianqiang Wu 《Plant Diversity》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2022年第1期1-10,共10页
mRNAs are transported within a plant through phloem.Aphids are phloem feeders and dodders(Cuscuta spp.)are parasites which establish phloem connections with host plants.When aphids feed on dodders,whether there is tra... mRNAs are transported within a plant through phloem.Aphids are phloem feeders and dodders(Cuscuta spp.)are parasites which establish phloem connections with host plants.When aphids feed on dodders,whether there is trafficking of mRNAs among aphids,dodders,and host plants and if aphid feeding a匚fects the mRNA transfer between dodders and hosts are unclear.We constructed a green peach aphid(GPA,Myzus persicae)-dodder(Cuscuta austra/is)-cucumber(Cucumis sativus)tritrophic system by infesting GPAs on C.australis,which parasitized cucumber hosts.We found that GPA feeding activated defense-related phytohormonal and transcriptomic responses in both C.australis and cucumbers and large numbers of mRNAs were found to be transferred between C.australis and cucumbers and between C.australis and GPAs;importantly,GPA feeding on C.australis greatly altered inter-species mobile mRNA profiles.Furthermore,three cucumber mRNAs and three GPA mRNAs could be respectively detected in GPAs and cucumbers.Moreover,our statistical analysis indicated that mRNAs with high abundances and long transcript lengths are likely to be mobile.This study reveals the existence of inter-species and even inter-kingdom mRNA movement among insects,parasitic plants,and parasite hosts,and suggests complex regulation of mRNA trafficking. 展开更多
关键词 DODDER CUSCUTA Green peach aphid Host plant mRNA transfer Intei^kingdom interaction
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