要他们道歉真的好难——谈“regret”,“sorry”和“apologize”的政治语辞区别

道歉是违背国际法义务的国际法主体对受害方的损害予以精神上的补偿所采取的法律责任形式。《奥本海国际法》指出:"不法行为者方面的正式道歉通常是必要的。"然而,自诩"文明世界"的美国却对其屡屡损害他国及其人民的权利和利益的行为拒不作出道歉。同样,其国民彬彬有礼的日本至今仍迟迟不对其侵略亚洲的历史事实作出诚恳的正式书面道歉。从美国对其他主权国家及人民的侵害并拒绝为之道歉的案例和日本对其侵略史所采取的否定、美化、甚至是颠倒黑白的态度与言行看美国、日本在对待其造成的对他国主权和人民利益受损的问题上难得作出道歉的个中缘由。

Should the Media Apologize For Inaccurate Reporting?

On March 24,2007,it was reported that cancer-causing chemicals were found in towels produced by Hailong Textile Factory in Jinzhou City,Hebei Province.An investigation by a program called Weekly Quality Report on the News Channel of China Central Television(CCTV)blamed the contamination

Beach-Sex Couple Ordered to Apologize

来自美国俄亥俄州的一则消息。一对夫妇竟然在光天化日之下作爱,地点:a popular lakeside beach in Ohio。法官的判决非常有创意:要么在报刊刊登致歉广告,要么“蹲班房”22日。这对宝贝夫妇选择了前者,广告语言值得“研究”:I apologize for any activities that I engaged in that were offensive and dis-respecful(失礼的)。本文其他精彩表达尚有:beachgoers(意思好猜);run ads intwo local newspapers(这个run用得很活);about the couple’s June 13th tryst(tryst的意思是“约会;幽会”,用在这里,简直给这对夫妇留足了面子！)本文还告诉我们,美国是一个性开放社会,但是也并非可以如此“胡来”！

Cross-Cultural Analysis on Apologies

Nativized varieties of English must reflect native pragmatic norms and cultural conventions. Apology, as a polite social behavior, was analyzed from the perspective of Chinese English speaker and American English speaker to emphasize the importance of the cross-cultural differences in pragmatic uses.

A Study on Pragmatic Competence in Using Apologies by Medical College Students

Apology becomes the focus in the field of pragmatics.As future caregivers,learning how to use English apologetic expressions is essential for the medical college students,especially in the present day of globalization.This thesis is an effort to analyze a full and accurate data on a test about the use of“I’m sorry”and“Excuse me”and a questionnaire survey about learning of“I’m sorry”and“Excuse me”,aiming at investigating the similarities and differences in using“I’m sorry”and“Excuse me”among Chinese medical college students.

Apology

I have published an article,entitled"Buffer and Wiresizing Optimization under the Distributed RLC Model with Crosstalk Constraint"in 《Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences》 2007 Vol.12 No.6 on page 1051-1056,in which my director,

Rethinking of the Chinese Approach to Physician Apology Legislation: From the Legislative Dilemma of Transplantation

Physician apology legislation has gradually become a new legislative measure to resolve medical conflicts and repair doctor-patient relationship in many countries outside the region. In almost all cases using voice, to calm analysis found that the legislation of our country doctors apologize transplantation may face an apology from responsibility way to large span, dispute resolution mechanism from the free will to the legislative mandate disorders significantly, from general to special legislation difficulties facing a predicament, and make an apology may make doctors in passive in the moral, intensifies the doctor-patient conflicts, etc. In order to resolve the dilemma and establish a physician apology system adapted to China’s national conditions, we should weaken the concept of apology liability through education, incorporate the elements of apology into the mediation mechanism of medical disputes, take the regulations on prevention and handling of medical disputes as a legislative breakthrough, and widely implement the patient safety system.

Hierarchical Research on Pragmatic Failures of Apology in Public Events Under the Vision of New Media

Under the new media,the dissemination and the influence of public events are often far more profound than traditional media.Therefore,it has gained a high degree of social attention.We take the apology mistakes in public events as an example,sort out the types and causes of the mistakes into a context,and propose some relevant strategies.

The Politics of War Apology： From Murayama to Abe

The issue of war apology remains important and controversial within Japan today, and between Japan and her neighbors. Since the 50th anniversary of the Japanese defeat on 15th August 1945, it has become customary for the Prime Minister to make a considered statement, normally including an apology for Japanese wartime atrocities and related issues. On 15th August 1995 the Socialist Prime Minister Murayama made a fulsome and unambiguous apology, which has been seen as the ＂gold standard＂ by countries at which it was directed, notably China and South Korea. The conservative Koizumi made a similar apology 10 years later. On 15th August 2015 the radical right wing Prime Minister Abe made a lengthy statement, interleaving apologies with explanations and justifications of Japan＇s past actions. This article analyses the texts of these and other relevant statements, and concludes that current war apology exercises are seriously undermined by the radical statements and policies of the Abe Government.

A Contrastive Study of the Speech Act of Apologies An Empirical Study of Chinese Apologies Based on Face-Negotiation Theory

Based on some insights from face-negotiation theory and through discourse completion test （DCT）, analyzing the frequencies of apology choice and compared with the research results of the Cross-Cultural Speech Act Realization Project （CCSARP）, this paper addresses itself to exploration of the impact of face concept on pragmatic features of Chinese apologies and the dynamic relations between social parameters and the apologetic strategies. The data for this study are elicited from an open-ended DCT questionnaire and analysis of frequencies of apology strategies. The concept of Chinese face and understanding of the conflict as well as its processing mode of seeking harmony make Chinese apology behavior more concerned with the recovery of estrangement relationships, and the apology strategies are used for the purpose of compensating for the face losses of the offenders. An apology will transfer emotional information to each other, to shift the focus of the conflict, quell conflicts, and ease relationships. The parameters of power and social distance have impact on the choice tendency of Illocutionary Force Indicating Devices （IFID）, self-supportive, and other-supportive strategies.

On the Differences of Apology Speech Act in Chinese and English

The language of apology is a special kind of speech which could provide support for the hearer who is offended. And speech act reflects a variety of culture norms and values and serves, the speech of apology can act as a mirror of certain cultural values in Chinese and English cultures. This paper analyzes the different categories, strategies and restraining factors of the apolo?gized speech. Then the following conclusion is arrived:The different communication ways and value orientation directly lead to the different choices of apology strategies.

A Contrastive Study of Apology Strategies between Chinese and American Sitcoms

Apology occurs when a speaker reacts with guilt to the displeasure or annoyance that he or she caused and have affected the hearer unfavorably.20 episodes respectively chosen from sitcoms Friends and Home with Kids are used as the corpora.Based on Olshtan&Cohen(1983)and Wu(2015)’s taxonomy,6 apology strategies are discussed.The statistic significant differences are found out between those strategies by t-test analysis,then specific analysis under the theoretical framework of Speech Act Theory,and socio-cultural factors like high-context or long-context culture,and individualism or collectivism are given.Quantitative and qualitative analysis are combined to find out the differences on the apology strategies between Chinese and American sitcoms,thus to provide some suggestions to the cross-cultural pragmatics.

A Contrastive Study of Apology Strategies between Chinese and American Sitcoms

Apology occurs when a speaker reacts with guilt to the displeasure or annoyance that he or she caused and have affected the hearer unfavorably.20 episodes respectively chosen from sitcoms Friends and Home with Kids are used as the corpora.Based on Olshtan&Cohen(1983)and Wu(2015)’s taxonomy,6 apology strategies are discussed.The statistic significant differences are found out between those strategies by t-test analysis,then specific analysis under the theoretical framework of Speech Act Theory,and socio-cultural factors like high-context or long-context culture,and individualism or collectivism are given.Quantitative and qualitative analyses are combined to find out the differences on the apology strategies between Chinese and American sitcoms,thus to provide some suggestions to the cross-cultural pragmatics.

Chemical Weapon Victims Claim Compensation, Apology From Japan

Though blessed to be born in a peaceful era, Chi Shuai, a 17-year-old high school student in Qiqihar, northeast China’s Hei-longjiang Province, was unfortunate to fall victim to the Japanese invasion his grandparents witnessed in the 1930s and 1940s. On August 4, 2003, the boy and 43 others were poisoned by mustard gas leaked from five tanks dug out at a construction site. The five metal tanks were later proved to be left by Japanese invaders in 1945. Li Guizhen, a rag picker who carried away and incised the tanks, died despite all the medical efforts to save his life. The youngest victim in this incident was only eight years old.

A Critical Discourse Analysis of Corporate Apologies by United CEO in an Interview from the Perspective of Crisis Management

From the perspective of crisis management,this research is a critical discourse analysis of how United CEO extended corporate apologies to the stakeholders.The analysis of the text,discourse practice,and social practice under Fairclough’s threedimensional framework was conducted to explore apology discourse strategies employed by United CEO.The results revealed the interplay of corporate apology discourse,crisis management and social background and that United CEO’s apologies in the inter⁃view video failed to achieve crisis management.

On Humanism in Philip Sidney's An Apology for Poetry

Philip Sidney's An Apology for Poetry was written in the Renaissance,which is a transitional period in the poetics theory.It is an article that carries the ancient Greek and Rome literature and art theory,and carves the new way for the Romanticism.Therefore,Philip Sidney's An Apology for Poetry has significant meanings in the history of western literary theory and criticism.Humanism is a powerful weapon to fight against religious theology,to liberate people's thoughts and to promote the development of literature during the Renaissance period.The spirit embodies in the literature works of scholars and"writers.This thesis mainly analyzes the humanism spirit from three perspectives;the essence of poetry,the social function of poetry and the English poetry rhyme in Philip Sidney's An Apology for Poetry.

What’ s the Context? Speech Acts Presentation in Oral English Textbooks

In this study,an evaluation of the presentation of speech acts in six oral English textbooks is conducted from both qualitative and quantitative perspectives to see how speech acts are presented and whether enough and explicit meta-pragmatic and contextual information are provided.Results show that 1)there is a paucity of speech acts and the average percentage of the six textbooks including speech acts is only 28.3%.And some speech acts like‘threatening’,‘warning’,‘declaring’,‘welcoming’are not presented at all.2)Meta-pragmatic and contextual information is too general and far from enough.Among all the six textbooks,from Book 1 to Book 5,contextual information is deduced by learners through reading conversations.Only in Book 6,a contextual description is provided before the conversation begins.Contextual information such as the age,gender and social status of Speaker and Hearer is never presented.Contextual information like the relationship between Speaker and Hearer and the place where the conversation happens is inferred from reading the conversations.Meta-pragmatic information like the degree of formality,politeness strategy,indirect speech act strategy,and social norms are not at all involved.Only in Book 1,a cultural tip is provided.Since oral English textbooks are one of the main sources for Chinese EFL learners to enhance their pragmatic competence,it is much expected that they should present a wide variety of popularly-used speech acts with rich contextual information as appropriate language input.

AN OVERDUE APOLOGY

The United States needs to recognize its past wrongdoings against Chinese Americans Nearly 130 years after the United States shut its doors to Chinese immigrants with the Chinese Exclusion Act,U.S.lawmakers put forward resolutions in both houses of Congress calling for an official statement of regret.Symbolically,the introduction of the bipartisan resolutions on May

All Apologies

今天为大家推荐的这首《AllApologies》是Nirvana乐队一首非常经典的歌曲,该曲曾被多次收录于Nirvana不同的专辑之中(其中包括EP专辑以及现场专辑等)。 每当提到Nirvana。

APOLOGY,ACQUISITION THROUGH COMPARISON

This paper demonstrates a teaching method of combiningspeech act theory and multimedia facilities performance in aspoken English class for Chinese students by a non-native teacherat tertiary level.The combination makes possible audio-visualcomparison between Chinese and English strategies and forms forrealizing speech acts.This comparative method may become anew model of teaching spoken English as a foreign language fornon-native English teachers since they can fully utilize"nativepresentation"through multimedia facilities,which in turnmakes speech acts theory more applicable since multimediapresentation has proved in class much more effective indemonstrating how a speech act is done than listening alone.Byusing this method,students will be more aware of culturaldifferences,enabling them to consciously switch speech act setsat the same time they switch languages through classroomactivities.This demonstration will focus on one speech act,apology.