Association between glucose levels of children with type 1 diabetes and parental economic status in mobile health application

BACKGROUND The glycemic control of children with type 1 diabetes(T1D)may be influenced by the economic status of their parents.AIM To investigate the association between parental economic status and blood glucose levels of children with T1D using a mobile health application.METHODS Data from children with T1D in China's largest T1D online community,Tang-TangQuan■.Blood glucose levels were uploaded every three months and parental economic status was evaluated based on annual household income.Children were divided into three groups:Low-income(<30000 Yuan),middle-income(30000-100000 Yuan),and high-income(>100000 yuan)(1 Yuan=0.145 United States Dollar approximately).Blood glucose levels were compared among the groups and associations were explored using Spearman’s correlation analysis and multivariable logistic regression.RESULTS From September 2015 to August 2022,1406 eligible children with T1D were included(779 female,55.4%).Median age was 8.1 years(Q1-Q3:4.6-11.6)and duration of T1D was 0.06 years(0.02-0.44).Participants were divided into three groups:Low-income(n=320),middle-income(n=724),and high-income(n=362).Baseline hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)levels were comparable among the three groups(P=0.072).However,at month 36,the low-income group had the highest HbA1c levels(P=0.036).Within three years after registration,glucose levels increased significantly in the low-income group but not in the middle-income and high-income groups.Parental economic status was negatively correlated with pre-dinner glucose(r=-0.272,P=0.012).After adjustment for confounders,parental economic status remained a significant factor related to pre-dinner glucose levels(odds ratio=13.02,95%CI:1.99 to 126.05,P=0.002).CONCLUSION The blood glucose levels of children with T1D were negatively associated with parental economic status.It is suggested that parental economic status should be taken into consideration in the management of T1D for children.

Application Effect of Remote Ultrasound Teaching in Standardized Residency Training

Objective:To explore the application effect of remote ultrasound teaching in the standardized training of residents.Methods:42 students who participated in the standardized residency training in the Department of Ultrasonography of our hospital from August 2022 to August 2023 were selected and divided into the control group(n=21)and the observation group(n=21)by using the random number table method.The control group was taught routinely,and the observation group was taught with remote ultrasound on the basis of the control group.The general data,teaching effect,ultrasound diagnostic compliance rate,and teaching satisfaction of the participants in the two groups were observed.Results:The baseline data of the two groups were not statistically significant(P>0.05);the theoretical and practical assessment scores of the observation group were significantly better than those of the control group(t=2.491,t=2.434,P=0.05);the ultrasound diagnostic compliance rate of the participants in the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group(78.33%)(χ2=33.574,P=0.000<0.001);the overall satisfaction rate of students in the observation group(20/95.24%)was significantly higher than that of the control group(14/66.67%)(χ2=3.860,P=0.049<0.05).Conclusion:In standardized residency training,remote ultrasound teaching can effectively improve the comprehensive ability of students,enhance diagnostic accuracy,and improve students’teaching satisfaction.

An Empirical Study on the Coupling and Coordination of Health Investment, Resident Health and Economic Growth in Sichuan Province —Based on a Modified Coupling Model

We should calculate the coupling degree of medical investment, resident health and economic growth in Sichuan Province, and make clear the coordinated development of the aforementioned three factors. In that, the government was able to formulate policies that feature the positive interaction and coordinated development of regional medical investment, health and economy. Methods on index system for the evaluation of health investment, resident health and economic growth were constructed, and the coupling and coordination degree of the three systems were empirically studied based on the entropy weight method, the coupling coordination model and the gray correlation method. From the perspective of time series, the overall coupling and coordination level of Sichuan Province is relatively low, and the comprehensive development level of health investment and economic growth system has lagged behind the resident health system;from the perspective of spatial distribution characteristics, in 2019, the coordinated development level of health investment resident health and economic growth coupling in western Sichuan, southern Sichuan, northern Sichuan, eastern Sichuan and northern Sichuan is in the primary coordination stage, but there is a lag in the development of the health investment system between western Sichuan and southern Sichuan, and there is a lag in the development of the economic growth system between northern Sichuan and eastern Sichuan. From the analysis of gray correlation degree, the main correlation factors are diverse. All in all, the overall coordination level of health investment, resident health and economic growth in Sichuan Province is relatively low, and in order to achieve its coordinated development, it is necessary to narrow regional differences, formulate coordinated development strategies according to local conditions, and improve the overall coordination level.

Application Research of Fragmented Case Teaching in Standardized Training of Residents in Anesthesiology Department

Objective:To explore the effect of fragmented case teaching in the standardized training of residents in anesthesiology department.Methods:80 doctors who participated in the standardized training of residents in anesthesiology department from January 2021 to January 2022 were selected as the research objects,and the 80 doctors were divided into experimental groups according to the clinical teaching mode(n=40,implemented case fragmented teaching method)and the control group(n=40,traditional teaching method).The training lasted for 2 months,and the medical history collection,medical record analysis,practical operation ability,theoretical assessment results,and the degree of satisfaction towards the training of the two groups of doctors were compared.Results:After 2 months of training,the theoretical knowledge and operational ability of the doctors in the two groups have improved to a certain extent,but the medical history collection,medical record analysis,practical operation ability,theoretical assessment results and satisfaction of the doctors in the experimental group were significantly better than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The effect of the fragmented case teaching method in the standardized training of anesthesiology residents is significantly better than the traditional teaching mode.The abilities of doctors have significantly improved after the training.Hence,the fragmented case teaching method is worthy of promotion in clinical practice.

住培医师作为标准化病人的PBL教学法在神经内科教学中的应用

目的探讨住培医师作为标准化病人的以问题为导向的教学法(problem-based learning,PBL)在神经内科临床教学中的应用效果。方法采用随机数字表法,将2020年6月—2021年10月苏州大学附属第二医院62名正在培训的神经内科住培医师随机分成对照组(31名,传统教学法)和观察组(31名,住培医师作为标准化病人的PBL教学法)进行临床住培。从神经内科轮转期6个月以上住培学员中选取标准化病人培训对象。比较2组住培医师培训之后的理论知识、实践能力及综合素质评分。结果观察组住培医师的理论知识及实践操作成绩均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组住培医师的综合素质评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论住培医师作为标准化病人的PBL教学法在神经科临床培训教学中的应用效果显著。

长江经济带居民共同富裕与旅游发展水平耦合关系及影响因素研究

实现居民共同富裕是中国式现代化的本质要求,旅游业作为幸福产业,如何促进居民共同富裕与旅游发展水平协调共进成为当前研究的重点问题.该文以长江经济带为研究区域,构建了居民共同富裕与旅游发展水平指标体系,并基于耦合协调模型和时空地理加权回归模型(GTWR),考察分析2011—2020年居民共同富裕与旅游发展水平关系及其影响因素.结果发现:1)长江经济带旅游发展水平研究期内整体呈波动上升趋势,2020年因受疫情影响而出现跌落,居民共同富裕水平则呈整体逐年上升趋势;两者均呈现出显著空间异质性,但中上游地区旅游发展水平相近.2)居民共同富裕与旅游发展水平耦合协调水平呈波动上升趋势,重庆和贵州两地上升较快,2020年各省市受到疫情影响有所下降;下游地区高于其他地区.3) GTWR模型表明,人口密度、环境治理投入、旅游收入占比、人均GDP因素存在明显的时空差异,不同时期各因素对地区影响强度和波动方向不同,其中人均GDP影响为正向且影响作用较强.

我国宏观收入分配结构测算及对经济增长的影响研究——基于新中国成立以来长序列数据的实证

本文利用资金流量表、住户收支调查、财政收支等数据,采用拟合法对1952年以来我国宏观收入分配结构进行系统测算,深入分析新中国成立至今我国宏观收入分配结构的发展变化,并以住户部门收入份额和劳动者报酬占比为主要指标,对比分析我国宏观收入分配结构与发达经济体的差异。基于数据测算和分析,进一步使用1953—2022年的时间序列数据构建多元线性回归模型和滚动回归模型,实证检验收入分配相关指标对消费及经济增长的影响。研究结果显示,第一,新中国成立以来我国住户部门收入份额总体呈现波动下降态势,2008年国际金融危机之后逐步有所回升,住户部门收入份额平均高于劳动者报酬占国内生产总值(GDP)的比重20个百分点左右。第二,与美国、欧洲、日本等经济体进行同期对比显示,我国住户部门收入份额低约20个百分点,从相似发展阶段对比看也低10个百分点左右;住户部门收入份额差距大于我国劳动者报酬占比与发达经济体的差距,表明我国住户部门收入份额偏低与再分配的调节作用不足有关。第三,实证研究显示,投资、消费和出口都是我国经济增长的重要动力;提高住户部门收入份额对消费的促进作用大于对资本形成的抑制作用,有助于带动经济增长,但从其作用效果的发展变化看,提高住户部门收入份额对消费的提振作用有边际递减趋势。

区块链技术在经济管理创新中的应用

本文针对区块链技术在应用推广中面临技术复杂性、法规监管以及数据隐私等挑战,利用其具有分布式账本和加密特性等特点,对分布式账本的概念及其优势、加密技术的安全性和可靠性进行了分析,并通过区块链在不同经济管理领域的应用案例进行对比,列举了区块链技术在经济管理创新中的挑战和限制,旨在全面探讨区块链技术在经济管理中的应用及其面临的挑战。

不同施氮量对大豆产量及经济效益影响

为了解不同施氮量对大豆产量及经济效益影响,文章设置不同氮肥施用量,对商丘永城市裴桥镇试验地大豆产量及经济效益进行分析。结果表明,施氮肥较不施氮肥增产效果显著,经济效益提高。随着氮肥用量增加,产量和经济效益均呈递减趋势。当氮肥用量为105 kg/hm^(2)时大豆产量和经济效益最高,此时大豆产量可达5131.5 kg/hm^(2),较对照增产64.16%,增收9633.6元/hm^(2)。

以临床胜任力为导向的教学阅片在放射科住院医师规范化培训中的应用

目的探讨以影像征象为主题、临床胜任力为导向的教学阅片在放射科住院医师规范化培训中的应用效果。方法选择2019年9月-2022年9月在浙江大学医学院附属第二医院放射科专业基地进行住院医师规范化培训(以下简称住培)的51名学员作为研究对象。教学阅片根据临床场景设置以影像征象(如肺实变)为主题,所有住培学员参与影像征象的解读和分析,从而模拟临床实际工作。在10次教学阅片结束后,采用匿名问卷调查方法了解住培学员对教学阅片的满意度。调查问卷包括5个子项目:“贴近临床日常工作”“体现分层分级教学原则”“有助于掌握影像理论知识”“有助于提升影像诊断能力”“愿意继续参加这种形式的教学阅片”。根据所得数据,分析满意度评分与学员性别、年龄、年级、类型和教育程度的关系。结果不同性别、年级和类型的住培学员的满意度各子项目评分和总分均较高,其差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。不同教育程度的住培学员的满意度子项目“愿意继续参加这种形式的教学阅片”的评分和满意度总分比较,其差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05),其中硕士和博士研究生毕业的住培学员的评分高于本科毕业的学员。满意度总分与住培学员的年龄和教育程度呈正相关(r=0.366,P=0.008;r=0.422,P=0.002)。结论放射科住培学员对以临床胜任力为导向的教学阅片满意度较高;后续研究中需要关注不同年龄和教育程度的住培学员的分层分级教学。

冷凉区黑土有机质和玉米产量双提升技术探索及经济效益分析

为明确有机肥还田+保护性耕作措施下黑龙江省西部土壤有机质和作物产量的双提升技术效果,2021年10月,在黑龙江省西部齐齐哈尔市梅里斯区开展试验,以玉米为供试作物,设置5个处理:有机肥+深松40 cm(YS40)、秸秆留茬+深松40 cm(WS40)、有机肥+旋耕20 cm(YS20)、秸秆留茬+旋耕20 cm(WS20)、有机肥表施+免耕(YB);一个对照:秸秆留茬+免耕(CK)。结果表明:施入有机肥的处理能够提升深土层土壤肥力,在20~40 cm土层中YS20处理与CK处理相比有机质和全氮依次提升11.56 g·kg^(-1)和0.57 g·kg^(-1);40~60 cm土层中YS40处理与CK处理相比有机质和全氮依次提升2.83 g·kg^(-1)和0.28 g·kg^(-1)。土壤结构方面,在0~20 cm土层中YB处理的容重较CK降低17.5%、含水量提升35.5%,40~60 cm土层中YS40处理的容重较CK处理降低5.3%、含水量提升38.4%。有机肥与保护性耕作处理提高了玉米不同生育时期叶面积指数、叶绿素含量和干物质积累量,进而提高了玉米产量,第二年的YS40、YS20、YB处理较CK处理分别增产14.5%、18.5%、11.4%。收益分析表明,与CK处理相比,2021年YB处理和2022年YS20处理收益增加最多,分别增加5770元·hm^(-2)和5223元·hm^(-2)。综上所述,黑龙江省西部薄层黑土实施有机肥还田+保护性耕作是提升土壤有机质、有机碳储量、全氮、全氮储量、玉米产量和经济效益的有效措施。

城乡居民养老保险对家庭双代经济流动的影响——基于中国健康与养老追踪调查数据

利用“中国健康与养老追踪调查”(CHARLS)数据,通过构建多元线性模型,实证分析城乡居民养老保险对家庭内部亲子代经济流动的影响。结果发现,“经济面向”的城乡居民养老保险挤出了子代向亲代提供的经济支持,但对亲代的经济“逆反哺”并无显著影响;双代婚姻状况、受教育水平和亲代家庭资产均正向显著影响家庭代际经济的双向流动;子女之间存在“攀比效应”和“示范效应”;子代家庭收入正向影响向上代际经济支持。因此,老年人养老水平的提高需要从国家、社会和家庭层面共同着力:国家提高城乡居民养老保险的保障水平,鼓励老年人隔代照料孙子女;市场进一步完善养老服务;家庭发挥情感保障作用,关照独子女失能老人。

地市级医院住培分层递进培养模式实施研究

地市级医院是一个地区最重要的医疗机构,也是住院医师规范化培训的主阵地。我国住培制度已经实施十年,取得了较为理想的效果,但随着时代和社会的发展,各类问题也接踵而至,亟须将一些新的理念、模式和方法应用到住培制度中。基于此,该文就分层递进模式的运用进行了重点探讨,旨在破解现有住培体系中的瓶颈问题,实现地市级医院住培质量的全面提升。

数字普惠金融对经济增长质量的影响——基于西部地区85个地级市的实证研究

选取2011—2022年间我国西部地区85个地级市的面板数据,采用固定效应模型分析数字普惠金融及其三个维度即覆盖广度、使用深度和数字化程度对西部地区经济增长质量的影响。研究表明,数字普惠金融及其三个维度对西部地区经济增长质量的提升均具有正向影响,其中,覆盖广度的影响最强,其次是使用深度、数字化程度;采用经济发展水平为门槛变量构建面板门槛模型,发现这种影响存在非线性的门槛效应,经济发展水平较高,其对经济增长质量的影响也较强;进一步研究还发现,科技创新和居民消费水平在推动数字普惠金融促进西部地区经济增长质量方面发挥一定的中介作用,但这些作用相对较小。

广西兴宾蔗区不同下种量和施氮量对甘蔗新品种桂糖46号生长、产量和经济效益的影响

为了解桂糖46号不同下种量和施氮量在兴宾蔗区种植表现,为桂糖46号高产高糖栽培提供参考,设置了5个下种量(75000、90000、105000、120000和135000芽/hm^(2))和4种施氮水平(75、150、300和600 kg/hm^(2)),分别进行桂糖46号新植蔗种植试验,以分析各处理农艺性状和经济效益表现。结果表明:在广西兴宾蔗区,按当地常规施肥水平,以120000芽/hm^(2)下种量处理蔗茎产量最高,75000芽/hm^(2)下种量处理产量最低,分别为109485 kg/hm^(2)和76020 kg/hm^(2);按当地常规下种量,以300 kg/hm^(2)施氮量处理蔗茎产量最高,以75 kg/hm^(2)施氮量处理的产量最低,分别为117255 kg/hm^(2)和93675 kg/hm^(2);下种量与施氮量分别与甘蔗产量呈极显著和显著正相关;105000芽/hm^(2)下种量处理和150 kg/hm^(2)施氮量处理经济效益较好,投入产出比分别为1:1.50和1:4.84。建议广西兴宾蔗区桂糖46号下种量为105000~120000芽/hm^(2),施氮量150~300 kg/hm^(2)(折尿素326.1~652.2 kg/hm^(2))。

吉林省城镇居民消费结构变动趋势及其影响因素研究

随着中国经济的快速发展和城镇化进程的不断推进,吉林省城镇居民消费水平和消费结构发生了显著的变化。分析和研究吉林省城镇居民消费结构的变动趋势及其影响因素,提出相应的对策建议,以促进消费结构的良性发展,提升居民的生活质量,对推动吉林省经济的可持续发展具有重要意义。

广东人口规模预测及其对经济增长的影响研究

以1995-2021年广东省常住人口数据为基础,采用多种模型对2025-2040年广东常住人口规模进行了综合预测。利用人口惯性因子、政策调整因子、经济发展因子对预测结果进行修正,广东常住人口规模在2040年将达到1725842万人。计量实证分析表明,广东常住人口对经济增长存在显著的促进作用,其发挥作用的渠道既包括供给侧的劳动就业和人力资本,也包括需求侧的消费与投资。政策上应注重吸引外来人口持续流入,并将现有人口优势转化为经济增长优势,从供给侧与需求端双管齐下,充分释放人口红利。

农产品流通数字化能否提高农业经济韧性

流通是生产和消费间的重要纽带,农产品流通数字化促进生产、流通、消费的良性循环。文章基于2012—2021年省级面板数据,运用空间杜宾模型实证研究了农产品流通数字化对农业经济韧性的影响。结果表明:农产品流通数字化能够显著提高农业经济韧性并具有明显的正向空间溢出效应;城乡收入差距在农产品流通数字化影响农业经济韧性机制中发挥了负向调节作用;异质性分析发现农产品流通数字化对农业经济韧性的影响和空间溢出效应在东部地区和粮食主销区更加显著。政府应完善数字基础设施建设、加快农产品流通数字化转型,促进城乡整合发展、缩小城乡收入差距,协调省际流通资源布局、增强协同联动效应,为提升农业经济韧性创造良好环境。

控释掺混肥对小麦–玉米轮作体系产量、氮肥利用效率及氨挥发的影响

【目的】针对华北平原冬小麦-夏玉米轮作体系氮肥施用量大、氮肥利用率低、氮素损失严重等问题,探讨不同配比的控释掺混肥减氮和一次性施肥对周年作物产量、氨挥发损失和施肥经济效益的影响,确立麦玉轮作体系轻简高效和环境友好的施肥技术。【方法】于2022—2023年,在山东省德州市现代农业科技园区开展田间试验。冬小麦和夏玉米均设不施氮对照(CK)、农户习惯施氮(FFP)、优化施氮(OPT)、CRBF1(包膜尿素与普通尿素在冬小麦和夏玉米上的掺混比例分别为5∶5和3∶7)和CRBF2(包膜尿素与普通尿素在冬小麦和夏玉米上的掺混比例分别为7∶3和5∶5),共5个处理。基施和追施肥后,监测了氨挥发量、强度和损失率。分析了作物干物质积累和产量、氮素吸收量和氮肥利用效率,并计算了施肥经济效益。【结果】与FFP处理相比,CRBF1和CRBF2处理的夏玉米、冬小麦和周年产量差异不显著;CRBF1和CRBF2处理夏玉米氮肥偏生产力提高了8.87~9.86 kg/kg,CRBF2处理玉米氮肥回收率提高了48.4%(P<0.05);CRBF1和CRBF2处理冬小麦季氮肥回收率、氮肥农学利用率和氮肥偏生产力分别提高了30.3%~37.2%、5.22~5.77 kg/kg和6.52~7.06 kg/kg(P<0.05)。与FFP和OPT处理相比,CRBF1和CRBF2处理的肥料+施肥人工投入减少381~960元/hm^(2),周年净收入增加1208~2654元/hm^(2)。CRBF1和CRBF2处理的周年氨挥发损失量、损失强度和损失率较FFP处理分别降低了69.7%~71.9%、72.0%~74.5%和90.0%~94.1%(P<0.05)。【结论】包膜尿素与普通尿素在冬小麦、夏玉米季按照5∶5、3∶7,或者按照7∶3、5∶5的比例掺混一次性基施,均可在减少氮肥用量和施肥劳力投入的条件下,确保周年作物产量稳定,提高生产效益,并显著降低氨挥发损失,是华北平原冬小麦-夏玉米轮作系统高产高效、轻简施肥的有效氮肥施用技术。

促进教书与育人有效融合——基于经济学分析框架的计量经济学教学改进研究

计量经济学教学与落实立德树人具有高度一致性。从经济学内在的经世济民理念出发,基于计量经济学在经济学分析框架中的定位,分析计量经济学应用中存在的主要问题。从经济学责任意识和科学精神的角度分析问题的成因,并提出了促进计量经济学专业教书与育人有效融合的路径。