Statistical Analysis of Studies on Performance Appraisal of China's Land Consolidation

We take the papers,on performance appraisal of land consolidation ( including land consolidation benefits,etc. ) published in the core journals in the Chinese Journal Full-text Database,as the study samples; conduct analysis in terms of the number of papers,the paper source journals,the impact of papers,research methods,research topics,and foundation project for research,through literature search and statistical analysis. The results show that the related scholars pay more and more attention to the study on the performance appraisal of land consolidation, and the number of papers increases overall; the core journals on agriculture,land,environment,economy and other areas,put increasing emphasis on the publishing of papers concerning the performance appraisal of land consolidation; in terms of citation frequency of papers,the impact of papers is wide,but the depth is not enough; the research methods are increasingly diversifying,and the research topics are concentrated; the foundation support is yet to be strengthened for research.

Shape Analysis of Agricultural Parcels for Land Consolidation Priorities in Tekirdag Province,Turkey

Shape irregularity,a sub-factor of parcel fragmentation is a problem that hinders sustainable agriculture and is solved using land consolidation projects.Determination of the parcel shape degree contributes significantly to spatial prioritization where there is also a high probability of achieving positive effects of consolidation projects.This study aims to determine the shape degree of the agricultural parcels both at singular and rural county scales in Tekirdag Province,Turkey in 2020 by combining the parcel shape index(PSI) with the minimum bounding geometry index(MBG) to improve parcel scores.Hot-spot zones of the highly irregular and near optimum parcels were also determined using Getis-Ord G_(i)^(*) statistic.The parcel degrees were classified into four categories,namely highly irregular,irregular,regular and near optimum.The obtained unweighted scores of the parameters exhibit deviations from the expected values.After weighting by pairwise comparison,the values approached ideal scores.Among 346 740 parcels,53% were highly irregular and irregular and 47% were regular and near optimum shapes after weighting whereas these were 70% and 30%,respectively before weighting.The average parcel degree of 63 rural counties was regular while the average parcel degree of the remaining 264 rural counties was irregular.The combined use of PSI and MBG index improved the correctness of the parcel shape score.It could be suggested to use as a tool in land consolidation prioritization.

Phytoecological evaluation with detail floristic appraisal of the vegetation arround Malam Jabba,Swat,Pakistan

Objective:To determine the present status of plant communities and their possible association with the habitat in Malam Jabba,Swat,Pakistan.Methods:A study on the phytoecology was conducted in various ecologically important sites of Malam Jabba,Swat,Pakistan from 2002 to 2004.The altitude of these sites ranged from 1200 m to.1200 m.Quadrat method was used for evaluation of plants communities and the data on these attributes was converted to relative values. The plant communities were named after 3 leading species with highest importance values. Biological spectrum of the flora based on the life form was prepared by following Raunkiar's life form classes.Results:The floristic composition and structure of the study area were found to be 200 species belonging to 75 families.Asteraceae,Lamiaceae and Poaceae were important families in the study area.The biological spectrum showed that therophytic and hemicrytophytic life form and micro-nonophyllous leaf sizes were dominant in the area.The air and soil temperatures were decreasing with increasing elevation.Both the air and soil temperatures were relatively higher in south slopes than on the northeast slopes.The vegetation analysis of the area indicated eleven plant communities around the area.The present vegetation is the relics of moist temperate coniferous forest in the area.The communities reflect highly deteriorated conditions. Both the structure and composition of the surrounding vegetation were associated with the types of habitats.Conclusions:The conservation of the remaining populations of the reported communities will be best achieved by proper time of sustainable harvesting.It is only possible with the participation of local communities.

Spatiotemporal variations in ecosystem services and their trade-offs and synergies against the background of the gully control and land consolidation project on the Loess Plateau,China

Studying the spatiotemporal variations in ecosystem services and their interrelationships on the Loess Plateau against the background of the gully control and land consolidation(GCLC)project has significant implications for ecological protection and quality development of the Yellow River Basin.Therefore,in this study,we took Yan'an City,Shaanxi Province of China,as the study area,selected four typical ecosystem services,including soil conservation service,water yield service,carbon storage service,and habitat quality service,and quantitatively evaluated the spatiotemporal variation characteristics and trade-offs and synergies of ecosystem services from 2010 to 2018 using the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs(InVEST)model.We also analysed the relationship between the GCLC project and regional ecosystem service changes in various regions(including 1 city,2 districts,and 10 counties)of Yan'an City and proposed a coordinated development strategy between the GCLC project and the ecological environment.The results showed that,from 2010 to 2018,soil conservation service decreased by 7.76%,while the other three ecosystem services changed relatively little,with water yield service increasing by 0.56% and carbon storage service and habitat quality service decreasing by 0.16% and 0.14%,respectively.The ecological environment of Yan'an City developed in a balanced way between 2010 and 2018,and the four ecosystem services showed synergistic relationships,among which the synergistic relationships between soil conservation service and water yield service and between carbon storage service and habitat quality service were significant.The GCLC project had a negative impact on the ecosystem services of Yan'an City,and the impact on carbon storage service was more significant.This study provides a theoretical basis for the scientific evaluation of the ecological benefits of the GCLC project and the realization of a win-win situation between food security and ecological security.

An Appraisal of the Major National Dialogue as a Panacea to the Anglophone Crisis in Cameroon

This paper explores the Major National Dialogue organised by Paul Biya from the 30th of September to the 4th of October,2019 as a panacea to the Anglophone.The paper also seeks to find out if this dialogue has been the panacea Cameroonians as a whole and the people of Southern Cameroons in particular have been waiting for to end this conflict.This research uses a qualitative research design.This is because the researcher culled information from Jeune Afrique Economie(2019a),Cameroon Tribune,and from Phoenix.Descriptive analysis was used to analyse the collected data.Descriptive analysis is used to get the views of the public whether the Major National Dialogue was really a panacea to the Anglophone crisis.The analysis revealed that there were two opposing opinions on the holding of this dialogue.The government thinks the dialogue was a panacea to put an end to this crisis because there is ongoing construction work in the war zones,and economic activities have witnessed an increase in the regions as the various production units of the Cameroon Development Corporation(CDC)and Pamol plantations have regained agricultural activities.The Ndawara tea estate now functions without problems.Trans-border trade is on the rise and transportation is fluid,except in the rural areas where the state of the road network is poor to name but these.On the other hand,politicians,political parties like the Social Democratic Front,activists,religious leaders,the affected populations,and Cameroonians at large think that the Major National Dialogue was a monologue and therefore was bound to fail because first,key actors arrested and detained in connection to this crisis were not part of this dialogue.For this reason,they are calling for a genuine and an inclusive dialogue.In addition,they argue that we cannot be talking of peace when fighting is still raging on and people are being killed,houses and schools are being burnt,and people are being kidnapped every day for ransom to mention but these.

Urban Freight Consolidation Model for Post-Hauler Planning

Freight transportation in urban areas has increased significantly in a shorter period due to the widespread use of e-commerce, fast delivery, and population growth. Recently, a noticeable government initiative aimed at creating an effective, acceptable, and sustainable city logistics policy. This paper examines freight consolidation as a transportation strategy for optimizing last-mile delivery costs. Freight consolidation involves combining smaller shipments from various origins into a single, larger shipment for more efficient transportation to a common destination. This approach is particularly beneficial for last-mile delivery, where frequent deliveries of smaller quantities are frequently visible. Finally, we provide an illustrative example targeting urban freight stakeholders for practicing possible consolidation methodology. The result in the illustrative example shows that freight with 3-day consolidation, despite the delay penalty, is cheaper than daily shipping, and both are cheaper than 2-day consolidated shipping. The study will benefit urban businesses and freight services.

Effect of particle composition and consolidation degree on the wave-induced liquefaction of soil beds

The wave-induced liquefaction of seabed is responsible for causing damage to marine structures.Particle composition and consolidation degree are the key factors affecting the pore water pressure response and liquefaction behavior of the seabed under wave action.The present study conducted wave flume experiments on silt and silty fine sand beds with varying particle compositions.Furthermore,a comprehensive analysis of the differences and underlying reasons for liquefaction behavior in two different types of soil was conducted from both macroscopic and microscopic perspectives.The experimental results indicate that the silt bed necessitates a lower wave load intensity to attain the liquefaction state in comparison to the silty fine sand bed.Additionally,the duration and development depth of liquefaction are greater in the silt bed.The dissimilarity in liquefaction behavior between the two types of soil can be attributed to the variation in their permeability and plastic deformation capacity.The permeability coefficient and compression modulus of silt are lower than those of silty fine sand.Consequently,silt is more prone to the accumulation of pore pressure and subsequent liquefaction under external loading.Prior research has demonstrated that silt beds with varying consolidation degrees exhibit distinct initial failure modes.Specifically,a dense bed undergoes shear failure,whereas a loose bed experiences initial liquefaction failure.This study utilized discrete element simulation to examine the microscopic mechanisms that underlie this phenomenon.

Energy-efficient virtual machine consolidation algorithm in cloud data centers

Cloud data centers consume a multitude of power leading to the problem of high energy consumption. In order to solve this problem, an energy-efficient virtual machine(VM) consolidation algorithm named PVDE(prediction-based VM deployment algorithm for energy efficiency) is presented. The proposed algorithm uses linear weighted method to predict the load of a host and classifies the hosts in the data center, based on the predicted host load, into four classes for the purpose of VMs migration. We also propose four types of VM selection algorithms for the purpose of determining potential VMs to be migrated. We performed extensive performance analysis of the proposed algorithms. Experimental results show that, in contrast to other energy-saving algorithms, the algorithm proposed in this work significantly reduces the energy consumption and maintains low service level agreement(SLA) violations.

Reducing Carbon Emission through Container Shipment Consolidation and Optimization

Human’s impact on earth through global warming is more or less an accepted fact.Ocean freight is estimated to contribute 4-5%of global carbon emissions.Many manufacturing companies that transfer ship goods through full container loads found themselves under-utilizing the containers and resulting in higher carbon footprint per volume shipment.One of the reasons is the choice of non-ideal container sizes for their shipments.In this paper,we first provide an Integer Programming model to minimize the companies’shipping carbon footprints by selecting the ideal container sizes appropriate for their shipment volumes.Secondly,we proposed a strategy to minimize the carbon footprint by consolidating the shipments in the same country from multiple domestic locations at a port of loading by road freight,before the international sea shipment.A mixed-Integer Programming model has been developed to determine if one should ship each shipment separately or have shipments consolidated first before being shipped.Consolidation fills up the containers more efficiently that reduces the overall carbon footprint.Computational results using real-world data indicates a significant 13.4%reduction carbon emission when selecting the optimal combinations of different sizes of containers and an additional 12.1%reduction in carbon emission when shipment consolidation is applied.

A Model Study on Accelerated Consolidation of Coir Reinforced Lateritic Lithomarge Soil Blends with Vertical Sand Drains for Pavement Foundations

Sub-grade soils of lateritic origin encountered in the construction of highway embankments in various regions of India, often comprise intrusions of soft lithomargic soils that result in large settlements during constructions, and differential settlements at later stages. This necessitates the use of appropriate soil improvement techniques to improve the load-carrying capacity of pavements. This work deals with accelerated consolidation of un-reinforced and coir-rein- forced lateritic lithomargic soil blends, provided with three vertical sand drains. The load-settlement characteristics were studied for various preloads ranging from 50 kg (0.0013 N/mm2) to 500 kg (0.013N/mm2) on soil specimens prepared in circular ferro-cement moulds. It was observed that at lower preloads up to 200kg, across the blends, the relative increase in consolidation (Rct) for randomly reinforced soil with vertical drains was sig-nificantly higher than that of un-reinforced soil without vertical drains, with an average value of 124.8%. Also, the Rct for un-reinforced soil with vertical drains was quite higher than that of un-reinforced soil without vertical drains, with an average value of 103.9%. In the case of higher preloads, the Rct values for randomly reinforced soil with vertical drains were moderate with an average value of 30.88%, while the same for un-reinforced soil with vertical drains was about 20.4%. The aspect-ratio of coir fibers used was 1:275.

The Application of Fuzzy Evaluation based on GIS in Tianjin Urban Underground Space Resource Appraisal

The exploitation and utilization of the city underground space resource is the important approach of building tri-dimensional and ecological cities, solving the environment,resource,and population crisis and continuing cities development.This article, based on the introduction in detail the overview of regional geology,hydrogeologic condition,engineering geology,environmental geology,etc.in center city of Tianjin,establishes evaluating model of urban underground space resource based on GIS

Real estate appraisal system based on GIS and BP neural network

For the inefficiency and inaccuracy of appraisal method of traditional estate appraisal theory, the real estate appraisal system based on GIS and BP neural network was established. The structure of the system was designed which includes appraisal model, trade case, GIS database and query analysis module. With the help of the L-M algorithm in MATLAB software, BP neural network was improved and the trade cases were trained, then the BP neural network which has already been trained was tested. At the same time, the BP neural and GIS were put together to construct the hedonic price estimate model. The C# and ArcGIS9.3 were used to achieve the system in VS2008. City basic geographic data and real estate related information were used as the basic data in practice. The results show that the functions of querying, adding and editing the spatial data and attribute data are achieved and also the efficiency and accuracy of real estate are improved, so that the new method of real estate is provided by the system.

Virtual Machine Consolidation with Multi-Step Prediction and Affinity-Aware Technique for Energy-Efficient Cloud Data Centers

Virtual machine(VM)consolidation is an effective way to improve resource utilization and reduce energy consumption in cloud data centers.Most existing studies have considered VM consolidation as a bin-packing problem,but the current schemes commonly ignore the long-term relationship between VMs and hosts.In addition,there is a lack of long-term consideration for resource optimization in the VM consolidation,which results in unnecessary VM migration and increased energy consumption.To address these limitations,a VM consolidation method based on multi-step prediction and affinity-aware technique for energy-efficient cloud data centers(MPaAF-VMC)is proposed.The proposed method uses an improved linear regression prediction algorithm to predict the next-moment resource utilization of hosts and VMs,and obtains the stage demand of resources in the future period through multi-step prediction,which is realized by iterative prediction.Then,based on the multi-step prediction,an affinity model between the VM and host is designed using the first-order correlation coefficient and Euclidean distance.During the VM consolidation,the affinity value is used to select the migration VM and placement host.The proposed method is compared with the existing consolidation algorithms on the PlanetLab and Google cluster real workload data using the CloudSim simulation platform.Experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve significant improvement in reducing energy consumption,VM migration costs,and service level agreement(SLA)violations.

Two-dimensional plane strain consolidation of unsaturated soils considering the depth-dependent stress

In practical engineering,the total vertical stress in the soil layer is not constant due to stress diffusion,and varies with time and depth.Therefore,the purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of stress diffusion on the two-dimensional(2D)plane strain consolidation properties of unsaturated soils when the stress varies with time and depth.A series of semi-analytical solutions in terms of excess pore air and water pressures and settlement for 2D plane strain consolidation of unsaturated soils can be derived with the joint use of Laplace transform and Fourier sine series expansion.Then,the inverse Laplace transform of the semi-analytical solution is given in the time domain using a self-programmed code based on Crump’s method.The reliability of the obtained solutions is proved by the degeneration.Finally,the 2D plots of excess pore pressures and the curves of settlement varying with time,considering different physical parameters of unsaturated soil stratum and depth-dependent stress,are depicted and analyzed to study the 2D plane strain consolidation properties of unsaturated soils subjected to the depthdependent stress.

Pulmonary reversed halo cycles and consolidations after immunotherapy:A case report

BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated interstitial lung disease(ICI-ILD)and opportunistic pneumonias are the main pulmonary complications during immunotherapy for malignancies.The organizing pneumonia(OP)pattern is one of the common radiological manifestations of ICI-ILD,and OP is the most common cause of reversed halo cycles and consolidations.However,opportunistic pneumonias should be excluded.CASE SUMMARY In this report,we described a case of a 44-year-old man with esophageal cancer who showed multiple reversed-halo cycles and consolidations on chest computed tomography(CT)after he had a cold during immunotherapy.He was diagnosed with esophageal squamous-cell cancer(T2NIM0)after surgery.Then,he was successfully treated with 6 cycles of chemotherapy plus tislelizumab,one cycle of radiotherapy and 9 cycles of tislelizumab.Two months later,he complained of low-grade fever and cough with nonpurulent sputum after he had a cold.Community-acquired pneumonia was considered,but moxifloxacin was ineffective.Chest CT showed multiple reversed-halo cycles and consolidations.Mycobacterium tuberculosis was identified with next-generation sequence analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF).Two months later,he improved with standard anti-tuberculosis medications.Both the cycles and consolidations disappeared in the repeat CT after 6 mo of medications.CONCLUSION When chest CT shows reversed-halo cycles and consolidations in patients during anticancer immunotherapy,both ICI-ILD and infectious pneumonia should be considered.BALF microbiological analysis was helpful to differentiate them.

The Analysis of ATTITUDE on Speech in The Joy Luck Club--From the Perspective of APPRAISAL Systems

This thesis takes advantage of the sub-category- ATTITUDE in APPRAISAL Systems to track the high- light of The Joy Luck Club written by American-Chinese novelist Amy Tan,focusing on one theme： June＇ s recollection on the colfflict she and her mother used to have. It mainly analyzes the interpersonal meaning of the selected speech, and different modes of speech concerning the expression of attitude.

An Exploratory Study of the Interpersonal Meanings of President Xi’s New Year Speech Based on Appraisal Theory

The research examines President Xi’s 2021 New Year speech with research questions centering around its abundant interpersonal meanings.Through qualitative content analysis,the research finds that it is typical for Chinese president to frequently use judgment and appreciation resources in reviewing the past year.Even in the face of the pandemic and natural disasters,the overall emotions of the speech remain positive,which corresponds to the forward-looking feature of New Year speech.Significance of the study abounds and future research can investigate how COVID-19 impacts the ideologies conveyed through political leaders’speeches through a comparative lens and how to produce more understandings that can help dismantle stereotypes and discrimination hidden in reports about COVID-19 by using Appraisal Theory critically,systematically,and comprehensively.

Negative Pressure Consolidation of Silt Inside Bucket Foundation

A series of model experiments of bucket foundations concerning suction installation and negative pressure consolidation in saturated silt were carried out in a cube steel bin at Tianjin University. The experimental results show that the silt inside the bucket has been strengthened by negative pressure, and the strengthening effect decreases with the increase of the distance from the bucket. A three-dimensional numerical model of the experiments was built by means of finite element software ABAQUS with fluid-solid coupling method. The results show that the bearing capacity of the silt inside the bucket foundation increases significantly at the former stage of negative pressure consolidation, while the increasing trend slows down over time. The rotation centers of the bucket foundation and the inner soil region tend to be closer to each other based on the consolidation. The bearing capacity of the bucket foundation is improved effectively with the increase of soil strength. The effects of negative pressure consolidation on the bearing capacity of bucket foundation were also illustrated by an actual offshore wind power project case.

A Review of Performance Appraisals of Nigerian Federal Government-Owned Refineries

The aim of this paper is to review previous works on the performance appraisal of Nigerian government-owned refineries. The review has been done in a general sense, covering appraisal works by engineers, scientists, management experts, economists, sociologists and even historians. The outcome indicates that while there seems to be several works directly and/or indirectly assessing the performance of the refineries in a general sense, there is a dearth of such in the specific area of energy consumption. There also appears to be no single one appraising energy utilisation of all the refineries at the same time in the open literature. This is in spite of the fact that refining processes are energy intensive. Despite popularisation of exergy analysis as a veritable tool, the only energy utilisation appraisal within our reach which was carried out on just one of the refineries has not been done exergetically. However, the work still reveals, within the limitations of 1st Law energy analysis that the energy consumption patterns are below international benchmarks in the oil and gas industry. Some suggestions have also been offered to take care of the energy efficiency challenges in these refineries. These include plant to plant analyses of energy utilisation patterns in the four refineries, periodical determination of GHG emission levels in the refineries using current international best practices as benchmarks, use of exergy analysis to check avoidable energy wastage in the refining processes, shifting refinery fuelling pattern in favour of low carbon content fuels like natural gas and ensuring regular turnaround maintenance of the system.