The Tbx family is first known through the study of their functions in the body and limbs,and its members Tbx4 and Tbx5 genes are important factors in determining the characteristics of the appendages.Pampus argenteus ...The Tbx family is first known through the study of their functions in the body and limbs,and its members Tbx4 and Tbx5 genes are important factors in determining the characteristics of the appendages.Pampus argenteus is one of the important economical marine fishes widely distributed in offshore areas.Therefore,it is necessary to study the role of Tbx family genes in the deletion of pelvic fin in P.argenteus.In this study,we cloned Tbx4 and Tbx5 cDNA sequence of P.argenteus(GenBank:MH709128 and MH712458).The Western blot and real time PCR were used to detect the expressions of Tbx4 and Tbx5 in different developmental stages and tissues of P.argenteus.In addition,whole-mount in-situ hybridization was used to study the localization of Tbx4 and Tbx5 genes in different developmental stages of P.argenteus.Results show that the translation of Tbx4 mRNA was inhibited during the critical period of pelvic fin development.Among different tissues,Tbx4 protein levels were the lowest in the abdominal epithelium,and even lower than that in the pectoral fin,suggesting that the protein expression was also inhibited in the abdominal epithelium of adult P.argenteus.Therefore,the results indicated that upstream genes regulation led to the key stage-specific and low expression of Tbx4 during pelvic fin development and in the abdominal epithelium.展开更多
Mussel aquaculture and large yellow croaker aquaculture areas and their environmental characteristics in Zhoushan were analyzed using satellite data and in-situ surveys.A new two-step remote sensing method was propose...Mussel aquaculture and large yellow croaker aquaculture areas and their environmental characteristics in Zhoushan were analyzed using satellite data and in-situ surveys.A new two-step remote sensing method was proposed and applied to determine the basic environmental characteristics of the best mussel and large yellow croaker aquaculture areas.This methodology includes the first step of extraction of the location distribution and the second step of the extraction of internal environmental factors.The fishery ranching index(FRI1,FRI2)was established to extract the mussel and the large yellow croaker aquaculture area in Zhoushan,using Gaofen-1(GF-1)and Gaofen-6(GF-6)satellite data with a special resolution of 2 m.In the second step,the environmental factors such as sea surface temperature(SST),chlorophyll a(Chl-a)concentration,current and tide,suspended sediment concentration(SSC)in mussel aquaculture area and large yellow croaker aquaculture area were extracted and analyzed in detail.The results show the following three points.(1)For the extraction of the mussel aquaculture area,FRI1 and FRI2 are complementary,and the combination of FRI1 and FRI2 is suitable to extract the mussel aquaculture area.As for the large yellow croaker aquaculture area extraction,FRI2 is suitable.(2)Mussel aquaculture and the large yellow croaker aquaculture area in Zhoushan are mainly located on the side near the islands that are away from the eastern open waters.The water environment factor template suitable for mussel and large yellow croaker aquaculture was determined.(3)This two-step remote sensing method can be used for the preliminary screening of potential site selection for the mussels and large yellow croaker aquaculture area in the future.the fishery ranching index(FRI1,FRI2)in this paper can be applied to extract the mussel and large yellow croaker aquaculture areas in coastal waters around the world.展开更多
Integrated multi-trophic aquaculture(IMTA)has been considered as an ecofriendly culture system providing a potential solution to environmental risks caused by intensive monoculture system.However,the impact of IMTA on...Integrated multi-trophic aquaculture(IMTA)has been considered as an ecofriendly culture system providing a potential solution to environmental risks caused by intensive monoculture system.However,the impact of IMTA on phytoplankton remains unclear.In this study,the spatial and temporal variations of phytoplankton in Sanggou Bay were investigated seasonally based on 21 sampling sites covering three cultivation zones(bivalve zone,IMTA zone,and kelp zone)and one control zone(without aquatic cultivation).In total,128 phytoplankton species,with diatoms and dinoflagellates as the dominant groups,were obtained across the whole year,and the mean Shannon diversity index(H')and species richness(SR)were determined as 1.39 and 9.39,respectively.The maximum chlorophyll a(Chl-a)(6.32μg L^(-1))and plankton diversity(H'of 1.97)occurred in summer and autumn,respectively.Compared to other zones,the bivalve zone displayed significantly higher Chl-a and lower H'in majority of time.Pairwise PERMANOVA analysis indicated that the phytoplankton assemblage in the bivalve zone was significantly different with the control and kelp zones,while the IMTA zone maintained close to other three zones.Based on generalized additive models,temperature,NO_(2)^(-)-N,N/P ratio,SiO_(3)^(2-)-Si,and salinity were determined as the key factors underlying Chl-a and phytoplankton diversity.Addi-tionally,the results of redundancy analysis further indicated that the phytoplankton assemblage in the bivalve zone is positively re-lated with nutrients such as NO_(3)^(-)-N and NH_(4)^(+)-N as well as water depth,while the phytoplankton assemblages in the kelp,control,and IMTA zones are associated with NO_(2)^(-)-N,SiO_(3)^(2-)-Si,and salinity.Taken all observations into consideration together,it can be inferred that IMTA can effectively reduce Chl-a level compared to bivalve monoculture by reducing the nutrients.However,the SR,H’,and species composition of phytoplankton are primarily determined by local environment factors such as temperature,water depth,salinity and SiO_(3)^(2-)-Si.展开更多
In aquaculture,co-culturing rice with fish may mitigate greenhouse-gas emissions.In this study,co-culture of four rice cultivars in a laboratory-scale rice–fish system reduced CH_(4)and N_(2)O emissions relative to f...In aquaculture,co-culturing rice with fish may mitigate greenhouse-gas emissions.In this study,co-culture of four rice cultivars in a laboratory-scale rice–fish system reduced CH_(4)and N_(2)O emissions relative to fish monoculture.Differences in CH_(4)and N_(2)O emissions among rice cultivars primarily stem from the differential effects of rice plants on plant-mediated CH_(4)transport,CH_(4)oxidation and nitrogen absorption.展开更多
Zhanjiang Bay is a major aquaculture area in China with many types of mariculture products(such as oysters,fish,and shrimp).The culture area and shrimp output in Zhanjiang Bay are ranked first in China.We investigated...Zhanjiang Bay is a major aquaculture area in China with many types of mariculture products(such as oysters,fish,and shrimp).The culture area and shrimp output in Zhanjiang Bay are ranked first in China.We investigated the total organic carbon(TOC),total nitrogen(TN),TOC/TN ratio,and stable isotopes(δ~(13)C and δ~(15)N) of the fish and shrimp feed,fish and shrimp feces,and sedimentary organic matter(SOM) in and around different aquaculture areas of northeastern Zhanjiang B ay to study the impact of aquaculture activities on SOM.The average TOC contents of fish and shrimp feed were 39.20%±0.91% and 39.29%±0.21%,respectively.The average TOC content in the surface sediments of the oyster culture area,the mixed(fish and shrimp) culture area,and the cage fish farm area were 0.66%,0.88%±0.10%,and 0.58%±0.19%,respectively,which may indicate that mixed culture had a greater impact on SOM.The relatively high TOC and TN contents and relatively low TOC/TN ratios,and δ~(15)N values in the upper layer of the core sediment in the mixed culture area could also support the significant influence of mixed culture.The average δ~(13)C and δ~(15)N values of fish and shrimp feed were -20.6‰±2.2‰ and 1.8‰±1.2‰,respectively,which were different from the isotopic values of SOM in the study area.δ~(13)C and δ~(15)N values for SOM in different aquaculture areas were different from those of nearby reference stations,probably reflecting the influence of aquaculture.The δ~(13)C and δ~(15)N values in the oyster culture area(-25.9‰ and6.0‰,respectively) seemed to have reduced δ~(13)C and enriched δ~(15)N relative to those of the reference station(-24.6‰ and 5.8‰,respectively).This may reflect the influence of organic matter on oyster culture.The δ~(15)N value of the station in the mixed culture area(7.1‰±0.4‰) seemed to be relatively enriched in δ~(15)N relative to that of the reference station(6.6‰).Sedimentation and the subsequent degradation of organic matter from mixed cultures may have contributed to this phenomenon.The surface sediment at the cage fish farm area seemed to be affected by fish feces and primary production based on the indication of δ~(13)C and δ~(15)N values.The sediment core at the mixed culture region(NS6) had lower TOC/TN ratios and more positive δ~(13)C and δ~(15)N values than the sediment core at the oyster culture area,suggesting a higher proportionate contribution of marine organic matter in the mixed culture area.In summary,oyster culture,mixed culture,and cage fish culture in northeastern Zhanjiang Bay had a certain degree of impact on SOM,and mixed culture had more significant influences on SOM based on the high TOC contents and the significant vertical variations of TOC/TN ratio and δ~(15)N value in the sediment of this area.This study provides new insights into the impact of aquaculture activities on SOM content.展开更多
The environment and structure of the tanks used in aquaculture vessels are remarkably different from those of ordinary ships,and the resulting problem of structural strength is related to breeding safety.In this study...The environment and structure of the tanks used in aquaculture vessels are remarkably different from those of ordinary ships,and the resulting problem of structural strength is related to breeding safety.In this study,a model of aquaculture tank corrosion was constructed by using the multiphysical field coupling analysis software COMSOL Multiphysics,and wave and sloshing loads were calculated on the basis of potential flow theory and computational fluid dynamics.The influence of different calculation methods for corrosion allowance and sloshing load on the structural responses of aquaculture tanks was analyzed.Through our calculations,we found that the corrosion of aquaculture tanks is different from that of ordinary ships.The corrosion allowance in Rules for the Classification of Sea-going Steel Ships is small,and the influence of the aquaculture environment on corrosion can be ignored.Compared with the method set in the relevant rules,our proposed coupling direct calculation method for the structural response calculation of aquaculture tanks can better combine the specific environment of aquaculture tanks and provide more accurate calculations.展开更多
Background High dietary carbohydrates can spare protein in rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)but may affect growth and health.Inulin,a prebiotic,could have nutritional and metabolic effects,along with anti-inflammator...Background High dietary carbohydrates can spare protein in rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)but may affect growth and health.Inulin,a prebiotic,could have nutritional and metabolic effects,along with anti-inflammatory properties in teleosts,improving growth and welfare.We tested this hypothesis in rainbow trout by feeding them a 100%plant-based diet,which is a viable alternative to fishmeal and fish oil in aquaculture feeds.In a two-factor design,we examined the impact of inulin(2%)as well as the variation in the carbohydrates(CHO)/plant protein ratio on rainbow trout.We assessed the influence of these factors on zootechnical parameters,plasma metabolites,gut microbiota,production of short-chain fatty acids and lactic acid,as well as the expression of free-fatty acid receptor genes in the mid-intestine,intermediary liver metabolism,and immune markers in a 12-week feeding trial.Results The use of 2%inulin did not significantly change the fish intestinal microbiota,but interestingly,the high CHO/protein ratio group showed a change in intestinal microbiota and in particular the beta diversity,with 21 bacterial genera affected,including Ralstonia,Bacillus,and 11 lactic-acid producing bacteria.There were higher levels of butyric,and valeric acid in groups fed with high CHO/protein diet but not with inulin.The high CHO/protein group showed a decrease in the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines(il1b,il8,and tnfa)in liver and a lower expression of the genes coding for tight-junction proteins in mid-intestine(tjp1a and tjp3).However,the 2%inulin did not modify the expression of plasma immune markers.Finally,inulin induced a negative effect on rainbow trout growth performance irrespective of the dietary carbohydrates.Conclusions With a 100%plant-based diet,inclusion of high levels of carbohydrates could be a promising way for fish nutrition in aquaculture through a protein sparing effect whereas the supplementation of 2%inulin does not appear to improve the use of CHO when combined with a 100%plant-based diet.展开更多
Increased anthropogenic CO_(2) emissions are leading to an increase in CO_(2) uptake by the world's oceans and seas,resulting in ocean acidification with a decrease in global ocean water pH by as much as 0.3–0.4 ...Increased anthropogenic CO_(2) emissions are leading to an increase in CO_(2) uptake by the world's oceans and seas,resulting in ocean acidification with a decrease in global ocean water pH by as much as 0.3–0.4 units by the year 2100.The direct effects of changing pCO_(2) on important microalgal feedstocks are not as well understood.Few studies have focused on lipid composition changes in specific algal species in response to ocean acidification and yet microalgae are an indispensable food source for various marine species,including juvenile shellfish.Isochrysis galbana and Tetraselmis suecica are widely used in aquaculture as feeds for mussels and other shellfish.The total lipid contents and concentrations of I.galbana and T.suecica were investigated when grown under present day(400 ppm)and ocean acidification conditions(1000 ppm)to elucidate the impact of increasing pCO_(2) on an important algae feedstock.Total lipids,long-chain alkenones(LCAs)and alkenoates decreased at 1000 ppm in I.galbana.I.galbana produces higher lipids than T.suecica,and is perhaps as a result more impacted by the change in carbon available for lipid production under higher pCO_(2).I.galbana is an important feedstock,more easily assimilated for growth in juvenile shellfish and reductions in lipid composition may prove problematic for the growth of future shellfish aquaculture.Our findings suggest that higher pCO_(2) impacts on algal lipid growth are species specific and warrant further study.It is therefore vital to examine the impact of high CO_(2) on algal lipid production,especially those commercial shellfish feed varieties to predict future impacts on commercial aquaculture.展开更多
Mangroves are unique intertidal halophyte formations growing in sheltered tropical and subtropical coastal areas.Due to the increasing population and economic development,mangroves have faced degrada-tion and loss,whi...Mangroves are unique intertidal halophyte formations growing in sheltered tropical and subtropical coastal areas.Due to the increasing population and economic development,mangroves have faced degrada-tion and loss,which has been mainly caused by land conversion into aquaculture ponds in Asia.In the past several decades,the rapid growth of aquaculture has induced water pollution.Using mangroves for effluent treatment from coastal aquaculture ponds could be a suitable approach for wastewater treatment and healthy aquaculture development.An Integrated Mangrove-Aquaculture System(IMAS)was established to test whether the idea of a mangrove in situ treatment for aquaculture wastewater is feasible.The monocultures of three mangroves,Sonneratia caseolaris,Kandelia obo-vata,and Aegiceras corniculatum were established with area proportions of 45%,30%,or 15%,respectively.One control pond without mangroves was also set up.The results indicated that the mangroves had different toler-abilities to long-term inundation.The aquaculture ponds had different fishery yields,considering the mangrove species and area proportions.The water quality of most of the experimental ponds was better than the control pond,except for the planted Sonneratia.It is concluded that mangroves can reduce the concentration of dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphate,buffer the pH value and increase the concertration of dissolved oxygen in aqua-culture water bodies effectively.It is suggested to use 15%of the Aegiceras corniculatum area to conduct in situ purification of aquaculture wastewater and to enhance aquaculture production.展开更多
An increasing number of marine aquaculture facilities have been placed in shallow bays and open sea,which might significantly affect hydrodynamic and solute transport processes in marine aquaculture waters.In this stu...An increasing number of marine aquaculture facilities have been placed in shallow bays and open sea,which might significantly affect hydrodynamic and solute transport processes in marine aquaculture waters.In this study,a coupled hydrodynamic and solute transport model was developed with high-resolution schemes in marine aquaculture waters based on depth-averaged shallow water equations.A new expression of drag force was incorporated into the momentum equations to express the resistance of suspended culture cages.The coupled model was used to simulate the effect of suspended structures on tidal currents and the movement of a contaminant cloud in the marine aquaculture of the North Yellow Sea,China.The simulation results showed a low-velocity area appearing inside the aquaculture cage area,with a maximum reduction rate of velocity close to 45%under high-density culture.The results also showed that tidal currents were sensitive to the density of suspended cages,the length of cages,and the drag coefficients of cages.The transport processes of pollutants inside aquaculture facilities were inhibited away from the vicinity of the culture cage area because of the diminished tidal currents.Therefore,the suspended cages significantly affected the transport processes of pollutants in the coastal aquaculture waters.Furthermore,the reduced horizontal velocity significantly decreased the food supply for the aquaculture areas from the surrounding sea.展开更多
Copepoda are one of the most significant animal groups present in aquatic ecosystems.Ecologists,evolutionary biologists,and biotechnologists continue to test new methods to study the application of Copepoda as model o...Copepoda are one of the most significant animal groups present in aquatic ecosystems.Ecologists,evolutionary biologists,and biotechnologists continue to test new methods to study the application of Copepoda as model organisms in various fields of pure and applied science,from evolution and ecology to aquaculture as live feed,as biological control of mosquito larvae,as biological indicators of water and sediment quality,in environmental monitoring and as a source of protein in the food industry.This paper reviews the current progress and trends within copepod research from a number of different perspectives.We emphasize the importance of Copepoda and the necessity of strengthening research on various topics related to copepod biology,some of which are of great significance to local sustainable development.展开更多
Indonesia is a producer in the fisheries sector,with production reaching 14.8 million tons in 2022.The production potential of the fisheries sector can be optimally optimized through aquaculture management.One of the ...Indonesia is a producer in the fisheries sector,with production reaching 14.8 million tons in 2022.The production potential of the fisheries sector can be optimally optimized through aquaculture management.One of the most important issues in aquaculture management is how to efficiently control the fish pond water conditions.IoT technology can be applied to support a fish pond aquaculture monitoring system,especially for catfish species(Siluriformes),in real-time and remotely.One of the technologies that can provide this convenience is the IoT.The problem of this study is how to integrate IoT devices with Firebase’s cloud data system to provide reliable and precise data,which makes it easy for fish cultivators to monitor fishpond conditions in real time and remotely.The IoT aquaculture fishpond monitoring use 3 parameters:(1)water temperature;(2)pHwater level;and(3)turbidity level of pond water.IoT devices use temperature sensors,pH sensors,and turbidity sensors,which are integrated with a microcontroller and Wi-Fi module.Data from sensor readings are sent to the Firebase cloud via theWi-Fi module so that it can be accessed in real time by end users with an Androidbased mobile app.The findings are(1)the IoT-based aquaculture monitoring system device has a low error rate in measuring temprature,pH,and turbidity with a percentage of 1.75%,1.94% and 9.78%,respectively.Overall,the total average error of the three components is 4.49%;(2)in cost analysis,IoT-based has a cost-effectiveness of 94.21% compared to labor costs.An IoT-based aquaculture monitoring system using Firebase can be effectively used as a technology for monitoring fish pond conditions in real-time and remotely for fish cultivators that contribute to providing an IoT-based aquaculture monitoring system that produces valid data,is precise,is easy to implement,and is a low-cost system.展开更多
Insulin-like growth factors(IGFs)are key regulators of development and growth.Here,we characterized the igf2 gene from olive flounder(Paralichthys olivaceus)and determined its temporal and spatial expression.We set up...Insulin-like growth factors(IGFs)are key regulators of development and growth.Here,we characterized the igf2 gene from olive flounder(Paralichthys olivaceus)and determined its temporal and spatial expression.We set up an in-vitro protein expression system in eukaryotic human embryonic kidney(HEK293 T)cells and explored its effects on cell proliferation.The flounder igf2 cDNA contained a 648-bp open reading frame(ORF)encoding a protein of 215 amino acids(aa),which spanned the complete signal peptide(47 aa),mature peptide(70 aa),and E domain(98 aa).In adult flounder,igf2 mRNA was detected in all selected tissues.In early development,igf2 mRNA was detected throughout development from unfertilized eggs to hatching-stage embryos.In-situ hybridization analysis indicated that igf2 mRNA was specially expressed in the brain region,floor plate,hypochord,otic vesicle,and pectoral fin during embryogenesis.Western blotting analysis indicated that the soluble recombinant flounder IGF2 protein was successfully produced through eukaryotic expression in HEK293T cells.In addition,the recombinant IGF2 protein significantly promoted the proliferation of human cervical carcinoma(HeLa)and HEK293T cells.These results provide new information about the structural and functional conservation,expression patterns,and biological activity of the igf2 in teleosts.展开更多
Phosphorus(P)is an essential nutrient for many organisms in the ocean,which plays a central role in the stability of ecosystems and the evolution of the environment.The distribution,occurrence and source-sink process ...Phosphorus(P)is an essential nutrient for many organisms in the ocean,which plays a central role in the stability of ecosystems and the evolution of the environment.The distribution,occurrence and source-sink process of P in offshore waters are highly influenced by mariculture activities.P transformation in water-sediment system is the key process in P cycling,however,the mechanism is poorly documented in the coastal sea which is influenced by human activities.Based on the comprehensive surveys in the adjacent waters outside Rushan Bay in May,July and August 2014 and February 2015,the form and transformation of P in the suspended particulate matter(SPM)and surface sediment were analyzed.The results showed that contents of total P,authigenic P and organic P of SPM increased with the increase in distance from the shoreline off Rushan Bay,and the detrital-P decreased.The partition coefficient of P between water and SPM was related to the chemical activity of different forms of P,and a higher reactivity of inorganic P associated with SPM was observed.Hypoxia induced by mariculture changes the distribution and morphological composition of P in SPM and sediment in this typical aquaculture area,which can result in a conversion of sink to source of P in the sediment,thereby having a significant impact on the regional nutrient budget and associated with eutrophication.展开更多
The gut microbiota plays an important role in host health and disease.Our understanding of the fish microbiota lags far behind our knowledge of that of humans and other mammals.Nevertheless,research has highlighted th...The gut microbiota plays an important role in host health and disease.Our understanding of the fish microbiota lags far behind our knowledge of that of humans and other mammals.Nevertheless,research has highlighted the importance of the microbiota in the health,performance,and various physiological functions of fish.The microbiota has been studied in various fish species,including model animals,economic fish,and wild fish species.The composition of the fish microbiota depends on host selection,diet,and environmental factors.The intestinal microbiota affects the nutritional metabolism,immunity,and disease resistance of the fish host,while the host regulates the intestinal microbiota in a reciprocal way through both immune and non-immune factors.Improved and novel gnotobiotic fish models have been developed,which are important for the mechanistic study of host–microbiota interactions in fish.In this review,we discuss recent progress in fish microbiota research.We describe various aspects of this research,including both studies on fish microbiota variations and fundamental research extending our knowledge of host–microbiota interaction in fish.Perspectives on how fish microbiota research may benefit fish health and industrial sustainability are also discussed.展开更多
Implementation of biofloc technology(BFT)system in aquaculture industry shows high productivity,low feed conversion ratio,and an optimum culture environment.This study was divided into two phases.The first phase invol...Implementation of biofloc technology(BFT)system in aquaculture industry shows high productivity,low feed conversion ratio,and an optimum culture environment.This study was divided into two phases.The first phase involved maintaining the water quality using the optimum carbon-to-nitrogen ratio by manipulating pH in culture water.The second phase examined the performance of harvesting biofloc(remaining phytoplankton and suspended solids in the system)using chicken eggshell powder(CESP).This study showed that pH 7 to 8 were the best biofloc performance with high removal percentage of ammonia(>99%)with a remaining ammonia concentration of 0.016 mg L^(−1)and 0.018 mg L^(−1),respectively.The second phase of this study was performed to determine the optimal formulation and conditions of using CESP as a bio-flocculant in harvesting excess biofloc.The use of eggshell showed a higher harvesting efficiency of more than 80%under the following treatment conditions:0.25 g L^(−1)of eggshell dosage;with rapid and slow mixing rates of 150 and 30 rpm,respectively;30 min of settling time;settling velocity of 0.39 mm s^(−1)and pH of 6 to 7.Therefore,the results indicated that biofloc would be the best green technology approach for sustainable aquaculture wastewater and the CESP is an organic matrix that environmental-friendly bio-coagulant for biofloc harvesting.展开更多
In recirculating aquaculture systems(RASs),the effective treatment of aquaculture tailwater is essential to maintain the health of the RAS.This study investigated the optimal time and method for tailwater treatment du...In recirculating aquaculture systems(RASs),the effective treatment of aquaculture tailwater is essential to maintain the health of the RAS.This study investigated the optimal time and method for tailwater treatment during three periods of the aquaculture of the Litopenaeus vannamei:nursery(0–26 d),middle(27–57 d),and later(57–104 d).The variation of several water parameters during the dissolution of total suspended solid(TSS)in tailwater,applied with the effects of ozone on the microorganism and water quality parameters were investigated.Results showed that the TSS concentrations in tailwater decreased with time,although not significantly(P>0.05),whereas total ammonia nitrogen(TAN),nitrite(NO-2-N),and nitrate(NO_(3)^(-)-N)increased significantly(P<0.05).Therefore,TSS should be removed from the tailwater as early as possible,being most optimal within 4 h.Ozone removed 38.24%–48.95%of TSS,17.78%–90.14%of TAN,and 87.50%–98.90%of NO-2-N after 4 h of treatment.However,it resulted in the significant accumulation of NO_(3)^(-)-N.Moreover,the total number of Vibrio and bacterial counts in aquaculture tailwater was reduced completely by ozone within 4 h.Thus,these results provided technical details and data support for the effective treatment of tailwater from shrimp RAS.展开更多
To date,little attention has been paid to the effects of organophosphate esters(OPEs)pollution on aquacultural environment and aquatic product safety.Huanghe(Yellow)River delta area is one of the largest aquaculture c...To date,little attention has been paid to the effects of organophosphate esters(OPEs)pollution on aquacultural environment and aquatic product safety.Huanghe(Yellow)River delta area is one of the largest aquaculture centers in China,where ecological security protection is crucial in the national strategy of China.To explore the pollution characteristics,bioaccumulation,and health risks of OPEs in aquaculture farms in the Huanghe River delta and natural water bodies in the adjacent seas,five species of organisms from different farm types nearby the Huanghe River delta,and the corresponding culture water and sediments were sampled in this study.The total concentrations of Σ_(13)OPEs in water,sediments,and organisms were 51.53-272.18 ng/L,52.63-63.17 ng/g dry weight(dw),and 46.82-108.90 ng/g dw,respectively.Among the five types of culture ponds,the water samples from the swimming crab and hairy crab culture ponds exhibited higher OPEs,the concentration of OPEs in the sediments from the few ponds was relatively balanced,and the OPEs in the organism from the holothurian ponds was higher.Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-isopropyl pho sphate)(TDCP)was the main contaminant in water samples and tripropyl phosphate(TPrP)in sediments and organisms.However,trisphenyl phosphate(TPhP)showed the strongest bioaccumulation ability,followed by 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate(EHDPP)and TPrP.The bioaccumulation capacities of the five species were as follows:prawn>holothurian>hairy crab>swimming crab>carp.These five types of organisms,as main seafood in human consumption,were at low risk of negative impacts of pollution.However,the risk from the mixture of organophosphate flame retardants(OPFRs)still requires more attention due to the increasing consumption and production in the world.展开更多
In the process of aquaculture,monitoring the number of fish bait particles is of great significance to improve the growth and welfare of fish.Although the counting method based on onvolutional neural network(CNN)achie...In the process of aquaculture,monitoring the number of fish bait particles is of great significance to improve the growth and welfare of fish.Although the counting method based on onvolutional neural network(CNN)achieve good accuracy and applicability,it has a high amount of parameters and computation,which limit the deployment on resource-constrained hardware devices.In order to solve the above problems,this paper proposes a lightweight bait particle counting method based on shift quantization and model pruning strategies.Firstly,we take corresponding lightweight strategies for different layers to flexibly balance the counting accuracy and performance of the model.In order to deeply lighten the counting model,the redundant and less informative weights of the model are removed through the combination of model quantization and pruning.The experimental results show that the compression rate is nearly 9 times.Finally,the quantization candidate value is refined by introducing a power-of-two addition term,which improves the matches of the weight distribution.By analyzing the experimental results,the counting loss at 3 bit is reduced by 35.31%.In summary,the lightweight bait particle counting model proposed in this paper achieves lossless counting accuracy and reduces the storage and computational overhead required for running convolutional neural networks.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31872586,42076118)the Major Project of Science,Technology and Innovation 2025 in Ningbo City(No.2021Z003)the K.C.Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University。
文摘The Tbx family is first known through the study of their functions in the body and limbs,and its members Tbx4 and Tbx5 genes are important factors in determining the characteristics of the appendages.Pampus argenteus is one of the important economical marine fishes widely distributed in offshore areas.Therefore,it is necessary to study the role of Tbx family genes in the deletion of pelvic fin in P.argenteus.In this study,we cloned Tbx4 and Tbx5 cDNA sequence of P.argenteus(GenBank:MH709128 and MH712458).The Western blot and real time PCR were used to detect the expressions of Tbx4 and Tbx5 in different developmental stages and tissues of P.argenteus.In addition,whole-mount in-situ hybridization was used to study the localization of Tbx4 and Tbx5 genes in different developmental stages of P.argenteus.Results show that the translation of Tbx4 mRNA was inhibited during the critical period of pelvic fin development.Among different tissues,Tbx4 protein levels were the lowest in the abdominal epithelium,and even lower than that in the pectoral fin,suggesting that the protein expression was also inhibited in the abdominal epithelium of adult P.argenteus.Therefore,the results indicated that upstream genes regulation led to the key stage-specific and low expression of Tbx4 during pelvic fin development and in the abdominal epithelium.
基金The National Key Research and Development Program of China under contract Nos 2023YFD2401900 and 2020YFD09008004the National Natural Science Foundation of China Key International(Regional)Cooperative Research Project under contract No.42020104009the Basic Public Welfare Research Program of Zhejiang Province under contract No.LGF21D010004.
文摘Mussel aquaculture and large yellow croaker aquaculture areas and their environmental characteristics in Zhoushan were analyzed using satellite data and in-situ surveys.A new two-step remote sensing method was proposed and applied to determine the basic environmental characteristics of the best mussel and large yellow croaker aquaculture areas.This methodology includes the first step of extraction of the location distribution and the second step of the extraction of internal environmental factors.The fishery ranching index(FRI1,FRI2)was established to extract the mussel and the large yellow croaker aquaculture area in Zhoushan,using Gaofen-1(GF-1)and Gaofen-6(GF-6)satellite data with a special resolution of 2 m.In the second step,the environmental factors such as sea surface temperature(SST),chlorophyll a(Chl-a)concentration,current and tide,suspended sediment concentration(SSC)in mussel aquaculture area and large yellow croaker aquaculture area were extracted and analyzed in detail.The results show the following three points.(1)For the extraction of the mussel aquaculture area,FRI1 and FRI2 are complementary,and the combination of FRI1 and FRI2 is suitable to extract the mussel aquaculture area.As for the large yellow croaker aquaculture area extraction,FRI2 is suitable.(2)Mussel aquaculture and the large yellow croaker aquaculture area in Zhoushan are mainly located on the side near the islands that are away from the eastern open waters.The water environment factor template suitable for mussel and large yellow croaker aquaculture was determined.(3)This two-step remote sensing method can be used for the preliminary screening of potential site selection for the mussels and large yellow croaker aquaculture area in the future.the fishery ranching index(FRI1,FRI2)in this paper can be applied to extract the mussel and large yellow croaker aquaculture areas in coastal waters around the world.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Basic Resources Investigation Program of China(No.2018FY100206)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31902370 and 42276099)+2 种基金the Ningbo Public Welfare Science and Technology Program(No.2022S161)the Key Program of Science and Technology Innovation in Ningbo(No.2023Z118)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFD0900703).
文摘Integrated multi-trophic aquaculture(IMTA)has been considered as an ecofriendly culture system providing a potential solution to environmental risks caused by intensive monoculture system.However,the impact of IMTA on phytoplankton remains unclear.In this study,the spatial and temporal variations of phytoplankton in Sanggou Bay were investigated seasonally based on 21 sampling sites covering three cultivation zones(bivalve zone,IMTA zone,and kelp zone)and one control zone(without aquatic cultivation).In total,128 phytoplankton species,with diatoms and dinoflagellates as the dominant groups,were obtained across the whole year,and the mean Shannon diversity index(H')and species richness(SR)were determined as 1.39 and 9.39,respectively.The maximum chlorophyll a(Chl-a)(6.32μg L^(-1))and plankton diversity(H'of 1.97)occurred in summer and autumn,respectively.Compared to other zones,the bivalve zone displayed significantly higher Chl-a and lower H'in majority of time.Pairwise PERMANOVA analysis indicated that the phytoplankton assemblage in the bivalve zone was significantly different with the control and kelp zones,while the IMTA zone maintained close to other three zones.Based on generalized additive models,temperature,NO_(2)^(-)-N,N/P ratio,SiO_(3)^(2-)-Si,and salinity were determined as the key factors underlying Chl-a and phytoplankton diversity.Addi-tionally,the results of redundancy analysis further indicated that the phytoplankton assemblage in the bivalve zone is positively re-lated with nutrients such as NO_(3)^(-)-N and NH_(4)^(+)-N as well as water depth,while the phytoplankton assemblages in the kelp,control,and IMTA zones are associated with NO_(2)^(-)-N,SiO_(3)^(2-)-Si,and salinity.Taken all observations into consideration together,it can be inferred that IMTA can effectively reduce Chl-a level compared to bivalve monoculture by reducing the nutrients.However,the SR,H’,and species composition of phytoplankton are primarily determined by local environment factors such as temperature,water depth,salinity and SiO_(3)^(2-)-Si.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42177455)“Pioneer”and“Leading Goose”R&D Program of Zhejiang(2022C02008 and 2022C02058)+1 种基金Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(CPSIBRF-CNRRI-202305)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program(ASTIP)。
文摘In aquaculture,co-culturing rice with fish may mitigate greenhouse-gas emissions.In this study,co-culture of four rice cultivars in a laboratory-scale rice–fish system reduced CH_(4)and N_(2)O emissions relative to fish monoculture.Differences in CH_(4)and N_(2)O emissions among rice cultivars primarily stem from the differential effects of rice plants on plant-mediated CH_(4)transport,CH_(4)oxidation and nitrogen absorption.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No. 42276047the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation under contract Nos 2023A1515110473 and 2021A1515110172+1 种基金the Program for Scientific Research Start-up Funds of Guangdong Ocean University under contract No. R17058the National College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Project under contract No. 202310566007。
文摘Zhanjiang Bay is a major aquaculture area in China with many types of mariculture products(such as oysters,fish,and shrimp).The culture area and shrimp output in Zhanjiang Bay are ranked first in China.We investigated the total organic carbon(TOC),total nitrogen(TN),TOC/TN ratio,and stable isotopes(δ~(13)C and δ~(15)N) of the fish and shrimp feed,fish and shrimp feces,and sedimentary organic matter(SOM) in and around different aquaculture areas of northeastern Zhanjiang B ay to study the impact of aquaculture activities on SOM.The average TOC contents of fish and shrimp feed were 39.20%±0.91% and 39.29%±0.21%,respectively.The average TOC content in the surface sediments of the oyster culture area,the mixed(fish and shrimp) culture area,and the cage fish farm area were 0.66%,0.88%±0.10%,and 0.58%±0.19%,respectively,which may indicate that mixed culture had a greater impact on SOM.The relatively high TOC and TN contents and relatively low TOC/TN ratios,and δ~(15)N values in the upper layer of the core sediment in the mixed culture area could also support the significant influence of mixed culture.The average δ~(13)C and δ~(15)N values of fish and shrimp feed were -20.6‰±2.2‰ and 1.8‰±1.2‰,respectively,which were different from the isotopic values of SOM in the study area.δ~(13)C and δ~(15)N values for SOM in different aquaculture areas were different from those of nearby reference stations,probably reflecting the influence of aquaculture.The δ~(13)C and δ~(15)N values in the oyster culture area(-25.9‰ and6.0‰,respectively) seemed to have reduced δ~(13)C and enriched δ~(15)N relative to those of the reference station(-24.6‰ and 5.8‰,respectively).This may reflect the influence of organic matter on oyster culture.The δ~(15)N value of the station in the mixed culture area(7.1‰±0.4‰) seemed to be relatively enriched in δ~(15)N relative to that of the reference station(6.6‰).Sedimentation and the subsequent degradation of organic matter from mixed cultures may have contributed to this phenomenon.The surface sediment at the cage fish farm area seemed to be affected by fish feces and primary production based on the indication of δ~(13)C and δ~(15)N values.The sediment core at the mixed culture region(NS6) had lower TOC/TN ratios and more positive δ~(13)C and δ~(15)N values than the sediment core at the oyster culture area,suggesting a higher proportionate contribution of marine organic matter in the mixed culture area.In summary,oyster culture,mixed culture,and cage fish culture in northeastern Zhanjiang Bay had a certain degree of impact on SOM,and mixed culture had more significant influences on SOM based on the high TOC contents and the significant vertical variations of TOC/TN ratio and δ~(15)N value in the sediment of this area.This study provides new insights into the impact of aquaculture activities on SOM content.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52071110)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.3072022QBZ0101).
文摘The environment and structure of the tanks used in aquaculture vessels are remarkably different from those of ordinary ships,and the resulting problem of structural strength is related to breeding safety.In this study,a model of aquaculture tank corrosion was constructed by using the multiphysical field coupling analysis software COMSOL Multiphysics,and wave and sloshing loads were calculated on the basis of potential flow theory and computational fluid dynamics.The influence of different calculation methods for corrosion allowance and sloshing load on the structural responses of aquaculture tanks was analyzed.Through our calculations,we found that the corrosion of aquaculture tanks is different from that of ordinary ships.The corrosion allowance in Rules for the Classification of Sea-going Steel Ships is small,and the influence of the aquaculture environment on corrosion can be ignored.Compared with the method set in the relevant rules,our proposed coupling direct calculation method for the structural response calculation of aquaculture tanks can better combine the specific environment of aquaculture tanks and provide more accurate calculations.
基金funded by the CD40 (Departmental Council of the Landes)the “Universitéde Pau et Pays de l’Adour “(UPPA)
文摘Background High dietary carbohydrates can spare protein in rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)but may affect growth and health.Inulin,a prebiotic,could have nutritional and metabolic effects,along with anti-inflammatory properties in teleosts,improving growth and welfare.We tested this hypothesis in rainbow trout by feeding them a 100%plant-based diet,which is a viable alternative to fishmeal and fish oil in aquaculture feeds.In a two-factor design,we examined the impact of inulin(2%)as well as the variation in the carbohydrates(CHO)/plant protein ratio on rainbow trout.We assessed the influence of these factors on zootechnical parameters,plasma metabolites,gut microbiota,production of short-chain fatty acids and lactic acid,as well as the expression of free-fatty acid receptor genes in the mid-intestine,intermediary liver metabolism,and immune markers in a 12-week feeding trial.Results The use of 2%inulin did not significantly change the fish intestinal microbiota,but interestingly,the high CHO/protein ratio group showed a change in intestinal microbiota and in particular the beta diversity,with 21 bacterial genera affected,including Ralstonia,Bacillus,and 11 lactic-acid producing bacteria.There were higher levels of butyric,and valeric acid in groups fed with high CHO/protein diet but not with inulin.The high CHO/protein group showed a decrease in the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines(il1b,il8,and tnfa)in liver and a lower expression of the genes coding for tight-junction proteins in mid-intestine(tjp1a and tjp3).However,the 2%inulin did not modify the expression of plasma immune markers.Finally,inulin induced a negative effect on rainbow trout growth performance irrespective of the dietary carbohydrates.Conclusions With a 100%plant-based diet,inclusion of high levels of carbohydrates could be a promising way for fish nutrition in aquaculture through a protein sparing effect whereas the supplementation of 2%inulin does not appear to improve the use of CHO when combined with a 100%plant-based diet.
基金funding from NERC Independent Research Fellowship[NE/N01409X/1].
文摘Increased anthropogenic CO_(2) emissions are leading to an increase in CO_(2) uptake by the world's oceans and seas,resulting in ocean acidification with a decrease in global ocean water pH by as much as 0.3–0.4 units by the year 2100.The direct effects of changing pCO_(2) on important microalgal feedstocks are not as well understood.Few studies have focused on lipid composition changes in specific algal species in response to ocean acidification and yet microalgae are an indispensable food source for various marine species,including juvenile shellfish.Isochrysis galbana and Tetraselmis suecica are widely used in aquaculture as feeds for mussels and other shellfish.The total lipid contents and concentrations of I.galbana and T.suecica were investigated when grown under present day(400 ppm)and ocean acidification conditions(1000 ppm)to elucidate the impact of increasing pCO_(2) on an important algae feedstock.Total lipids,long-chain alkenones(LCAs)and alkenoates decreased at 1000 ppm in I.galbana.I.galbana produces higher lipids than T.suecica,and is perhaps as a result more impacted by the change in carbon available for lipid production under higher pCO_(2).I.galbana is an important feedstock,more easily assimilated for growth in juvenile shellfish and reductions in lipid composition may prove problematic for the growth of future shellfish aquaculture.Our findings suggest that higher pCO_(2) impacts on algal lipid growth are species specific and warrant further study.It is therefore vital to examine the impact of high CO_(2) on algal lipid production,especially those commercial shellfish feed varieties to predict future impacts on commercial aquaculture.
基金This research was supported by the“863 Project”of the Ministry of Science and Technology,China(No.2007AA091703 and 2003AA627030)。
文摘Mangroves are unique intertidal halophyte formations growing in sheltered tropical and subtropical coastal areas.Due to the increasing population and economic development,mangroves have faced degrada-tion and loss,which has been mainly caused by land conversion into aquaculture ponds in Asia.In the past several decades,the rapid growth of aquaculture has induced water pollution.Using mangroves for effluent treatment from coastal aquaculture ponds could be a suitable approach for wastewater treatment and healthy aquaculture development.An Integrated Mangrove-Aquaculture System(IMAS)was established to test whether the idea of a mangrove in situ treatment for aquaculture wastewater is feasible.The monocultures of three mangroves,Sonneratia caseolaris,Kandelia obo-vata,and Aegiceras corniculatum were established with area proportions of 45%,30%,or 15%,respectively.One control pond without mangroves was also set up.The results indicated that the mangroves had different toler-abilities to long-term inundation.The aquaculture ponds had different fishery yields,considering the mangrove species and area proportions.The water quality of most of the experimental ponds was better than the control pond,except for the planted Sonneratia.It is concluded that mangroves can reduce the concentration of dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphate,buffer the pH value and increase the concertration of dissolved oxygen in aqua-culture water bodies effectively.It is suggested to use 15%of the Aegiceras corniculatum area to conduct in situ purification of aquaculture wastewater and to enhance aquaculture production.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Grants No.51879028 and U21A20155)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2019YFC1407704)+1 种基金the Open Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering,Dalian University of Technology(Grant No.LP2009)the Dalian Science and Technology Innovation Fund Project(Grant No.2021JJ11CG001)。
文摘An increasing number of marine aquaculture facilities have been placed in shallow bays and open sea,which might significantly affect hydrodynamic and solute transport processes in marine aquaculture waters.In this study,a coupled hydrodynamic and solute transport model was developed with high-resolution schemes in marine aquaculture waters based on depth-averaged shallow water equations.A new expression of drag force was incorporated into the momentum equations to express the resistance of suspended culture cages.The coupled model was used to simulate the effect of suspended structures on tidal currents and the movement of a contaminant cloud in the marine aquaculture of the North Yellow Sea,China.The simulation results showed a low-velocity area appearing inside the aquaculture cage area,with a maximum reduction rate of velocity close to 45%under high-density culture.The results also showed that tidal currents were sensitive to the density of suspended cages,the length of cages,and the drag coefficients of cages.The transport processes of pollutants inside aquaculture facilities were inhibited away from the vicinity of the culture cage area because of the diminished tidal currents.Therefore,the suspended cages significantly affected the transport processes of pollutants in the coastal aquaculture waters.Furthermore,the reduced horizontal velocity significantly decreased the food supply for the aquaculture areas from the surrounding sea.
基金Supported by the Open Project of the Key Laboratory of Fish Conservation and Utilization in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River of Sichuan Province(No.NJSYKF-002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41961144013,41706191)+2 种基金the Scientific Research Fund of the Second Institute of Oceanography,MNR(No.JT1803)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.LY20D060004)the Scientific Research Project of Education Department of Sichuan Province(No.18ZA0283)。
文摘Copepoda are one of the most significant animal groups present in aquatic ecosystems.Ecologists,evolutionary biologists,and biotechnologists continue to test new methods to study the application of Copepoda as model organisms in various fields of pure and applied science,from evolution and ecology to aquaculture as live feed,as biological control of mosquito larvae,as biological indicators of water and sediment quality,in environmental monitoring and as a source of protein in the food industry.This paper reviews the current progress and trends within copepod research from a number of different perspectives.We emphasize the importance of Copepoda and the necessity of strengthening research on various topics related to copepod biology,some of which are of great significance to local sustainable development.
基金supported by the Department of Electrical Engineering at the National Chin-Yi University of Technology.
文摘Indonesia is a producer in the fisheries sector,with production reaching 14.8 million tons in 2022.The production potential of the fisheries sector can be optimally optimized through aquaculture management.One of the most important issues in aquaculture management is how to efficiently control the fish pond water conditions.IoT technology can be applied to support a fish pond aquaculture monitoring system,especially for catfish species(Siluriformes),in real-time and remotely.One of the technologies that can provide this convenience is the IoT.The problem of this study is how to integrate IoT devices with Firebase’s cloud data system to provide reliable and precise data,which makes it easy for fish cultivators to monitor fishpond conditions in real time and remotely.The IoT aquaculture fishpond monitoring use 3 parameters:(1)water temperature;(2)pHwater level;and(3)turbidity level of pond water.IoT devices use temperature sensors,pH sensors,and turbidity sensors,which are integrated with a microcontroller and Wi-Fi module.Data from sensor readings are sent to the Firebase cloud via theWi-Fi module so that it can be accessed in real time by end users with an Androidbased mobile app.The findings are(1)the IoT-based aquaculture monitoring system device has a low error rate in measuring temprature,pH,and turbidity with a percentage of 1.75%,1.94% and 9.78%,respectively.Overall,the total average error of the three components is 4.49%;(2)in cost analysis,IoT-based has a cost-effectiveness of 94.21% compared to labor costs.An IoT-based aquaculture monitoring system using Firebase can be effectively used as a technology for monitoring fish pond conditions in real-time and remotely for fish cultivators that contribute to providing an IoT-based aquaculture monitoring system that produces valid data,is precise,is easy to implement,and is a low-cost system.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31972774)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31672636)the Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province,China(No.2019GHY112007)。
文摘Insulin-like growth factors(IGFs)are key regulators of development and growth.Here,we characterized the igf2 gene from olive flounder(Paralichthys olivaceus)and determined its temporal and spatial expression.We set up an in-vitro protein expression system in eukaryotic human embryonic kidney(HEK293 T)cells and explored its effects on cell proliferation.The flounder igf2 cDNA contained a 648-bp open reading frame(ORF)encoding a protein of 215 amino acids(aa),which spanned the complete signal peptide(47 aa),mature peptide(70 aa),and E domain(98 aa).In adult flounder,igf2 mRNA was detected in all selected tissues.In early development,igf2 mRNA was detected throughout development from unfertilized eggs to hatching-stage embryos.In-situ hybridization analysis indicated that igf2 mRNA was specially expressed in the brain region,floor plate,hypochord,otic vesicle,and pectoral fin during embryogenesis.Western blotting analysis indicated that the soluble recombinant flounder IGF2 protein was successfully produced through eukaryotic expression in HEK293T cells.In addition,the recombinant IGF2 protein significantly promoted the proliferation of human cervical carcinoma(HeLa)and HEK293T cells.These results provide new information about the structural and functional conservation,expression patterns,and biological activity of the igf2 in teleosts.
基金the financial support provided by the National Key Research and Development(R&D)Program of China(2018YFD0900400 to Gen He)Aoshan Talents Cultivation Program supported by Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(2017ASTCP-OS12 to Gen He)+1 种基金Key R&D Program in Shandong Province(2020ZLYS03 to Kangsen Mai)China Agriculture Research System(CARS-47-G10 to Kangsen Mai).
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41806097,42176048 and 42149902.
文摘Phosphorus(P)is an essential nutrient for many organisms in the ocean,which plays a central role in the stability of ecosystems and the evolution of the environment.The distribution,occurrence and source-sink process of P in offshore waters are highly influenced by mariculture activities.P transformation in water-sediment system is the key process in P cycling,however,the mechanism is poorly documented in the coastal sea which is influenced by human activities.Based on the comprehensive surveys in the adjacent waters outside Rushan Bay in May,July and August 2014 and February 2015,the form and transformation of P in the suspended particulate matter(SPM)and surface sediment were analyzed.The results showed that contents of total P,authigenic P and organic P of SPM increased with the increase in distance from the shoreline off Rushan Bay,and the detrital-P decreased.The partition coefficient of P between water and SPM was related to the chemical activity of different forms of P,and a higher reactivity of inorganic P associated with SPM was observed.Hypoxia induced by mariculture changes the distribution and morphological composition of P in SPM and sediment in this typical aquaculture area,which can result in a conversion of sink to source of P in the sediment,thereby having a significant impact on the regional nutrient budget and associated with eutrophication.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31925038 and 32122088)。
文摘The gut microbiota plays an important role in host health and disease.Our understanding of the fish microbiota lags far behind our knowledge of that of humans and other mammals.Nevertheless,research has highlighted the importance of the microbiota in the health,performance,and various physiological functions of fish.The microbiota has been studied in various fish species,including model animals,economic fish,and wild fish species.The composition of the fish microbiota depends on host selection,diet,and environmental factors.The intestinal microbiota affects the nutritional metabolism,immunity,and disease resistance of the fish host,while the host regulates the intestinal microbiota in a reciprocal way through both immune and non-immune factors.Improved and novel gnotobiotic fish models have been developed,which are important for the mechanistic study of host–microbiota interactions in fish.In this review,we discuss recent progress in fish microbiota research.We describe various aspects of this research,including both studies on fish microbiota variations and fundamental research extending our knowledge of host–microbiota interaction in fish.Perspectives on how fish microbiota research may benefit fish health and industrial sustainability are also discussed.
文摘Implementation of biofloc technology(BFT)system in aquaculture industry shows high productivity,low feed conversion ratio,and an optimum culture environment.This study was divided into two phases.The first phase involved maintaining the water quality using the optimum carbon-to-nitrogen ratio by manipulating pH in culture water.The second phase examined the performance of harvesting biofloc(remaining phytoplankton and suspended solids in the system)using chicken eggshell powder(CESP).This study showed that pH 7 to 8 were the best biofloc performance with high removal percentage of ammonia(>99%)with a remaining ammonia concentration of 0.016 mg L^(−1)and 0.018 mg L^(−1),respectively.The second phase of this study was performed to determine the optimal formulation and conditions of using CESP as a bio-flocculant in harvesting excess biofloc.The use of eggshell showed a higher harvesting efficiency of more than 80%under the following treatment conditions:0.25 g L^(−1)of eggshell dosage;with rapid and slow mixing rates of 150 and 30 rpm,respectively;30 min of settling time;settling velocity of 0.39 mm s^(−1)and pH of 6 to 7.Therefore,the results indicated that biofloc would be the best green technology approach for sustainable aquaculture wastewater and the CESP is an organic matrix that environmental-friendly bio-coagulant for biofloc harvesting.
基金Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2019YFD0900502)。
文摘In recirculating aquaculture systems(RASs),the effective treatment of aquaculture tailwater is essential to maintain the health of the RAS.This study investigated the optimal time and method for tailwater treatment during three periods of the aquaculture of the Litopenaeus vannamei:nursery(0–26 d),middle(27–57 d),and later(57–104 d).The variation of several water parameters during the dissolution of total suspended solid(TSS)in tailwater,applied with the effects of ozone on the microorganism and water quality parameters were investigated.Results showed that the TSS concentrations in tailwater decreased with time,although not significantly(P>0.05),whereas total ammonia nitrogen(TAN),nitrite(NO-2-N),and nitrate(NO_(3)^(-)-N)increased significantly(P<0.05).Therefore,TSS should be removed from the tailwater as early as possible,being most optimal within 4 h.Ozone removed 38.24%–48.95%of TSS,17.78%–90.14%of TAN,and 87.50%–98.90%of NO-2-N after 4 h of treatment.However,it resulted in the significant accumulation of NO_(3)^(-)-N.Moreover,the total number of Vibrio and bacterial counts in aquaculture tailwater was reduced completely by ozone within 4 h.Thus,these results provided technical details and data support for the effective treatment of tailwater from shrimp RAS.
基金Supported by the Fundamental Research Funds of Shandong University(No.2020GN106)the Project of State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology+3 种基金Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences(No.KF2020-16)the Ministry of Education Chunhui Plan Project(No.191650)the Young Scholars Project of Xihua University in 2019。
文摘To date,little attention has been paid to the effects of organophosphate esters(OPEs)pollution on aquacultural environment and aquatic product safety.Huanghe(Yellow)River delta area is one of the largest aquaculture centers in China,where ecological security protection is crucial in the national strategy of China.To explore the pollution characteristics,bioaccumulation,and health risks of OPEs in aquaculture farms in the Huanghe River delta and natural water bodies in the adjacent seas,five species of organisms from different farm types nearby the Huanghe River delta,and the corresponding culture water and sediments were sampled in this study.The total concentrations of Σ_(13)OPEs in water,sediments,and organisms were 51.53-272.18 ng/L,52.63-63.17 ng/g dry weight(dw),and 46.82-108.90 ng/g dw,respectively.Among the five types of culture ponds,the water samples from the swimming crab and hairy crab culture ponds exhibited higher OPEs,the concentration of OPEs in the sediments from the few ponds was relatively balanced,and the OPEs in the organism from the holothurian ponds was higher.Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-isopropyl pho sphate)(TDCP)was the main contaminant in water samples and tripropyl phosphate(TPrP)in sediments and organisms.However,trisphenyl phosphate(TPhP)showed the strongest bioaccumulation ability,followed by 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate(EHDPP)and TPrP.The bioaccumulation capacities of the five species were as follows:prawn>holothurian>hairy crab>swimming crab>carp.These five types of organisms,as main seafood in human consumption,were at low risk of negative impacts of pollution.However,the risk from the mixture of organophosphate flame retardants(OPFRs)still requires more attention due to the increasing consumption and production in the world.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFD0901000)。
文摘In the process of aquaculture,monitoring the number of fish bait particles is of great significance to improve the growth and welfare of fish.Although the counting method based on onvolutional neural network(CNN)achieve good accuracy and applicability,it has a high amount of parameters and computation,which limit the deployment on resource-constrained hardware devices.In order to solve the above problems,this paper proposes a lightweight bait particle counting method based on shift quantization and model pruning strategies.Firstly,we take corresponding lightweight strategies for different layers to flexibly balance the counting accuracy and performance of the model.In order to deeply lighten the counting model,the redundant and less informative weights of the model are removed through the combination of model quantization and pruning.The experimental results show that the compression rate is nearly 9 times.Finally,the quantization candidate value is refined by introducing a power-of-two addition term,which improves the matches of the weight distribution.By analyzing the experimental results,the counting loss at 3 bit is reduced by 35.31%.In summary,the lightweight bait particle counting model proposed in this paper achieves lossless counting accuracy and reduces the storage and computational overhead required for running convolutional neural networks.