After decades of living under oppressive dictatorships,the people of the Arab world are rising up against their countries’leadership.For over nine months now,we have been witnessing massive,large scale,and peaceful d...After decades of living under oppressive dictatorships,the people of the Arab world are rising up against their countries’leadership.For over nine months now,we have been witnessing massive,large scale,and peaceful demonstrations spreading all over the Arab Middle Eastern countries.These mass civic demonstrations have been given many names,including the Arab Spring,Arab uprising,turmoil,tumult,chaos,Arab awakening,Arab revolution,revolt,etc.It is a reform movement on the march that was first started in Tunisia,which moved to Egypt,and then swept across the region to include Yemen,Bahrain,Libya and Syria.Activists in the rest of the Arab world such as Algeria,Jordan,Kuwait,Morocco and Saudi Arabia,were also inspired by the revolts and calls for reform which had been sweeping the Arab world.Protesters and human rights groups from these countries congregate frequently at popular places and landmarks to protest against their regimes and call for political,economical and social reforms.展开更多
This paper analyzes the structure of Egyptian society in different periods,and explains the reasons of the social changes experienced in 2011.It is believed that the Sadat-Mubarak administrations’political and econom...This paper analyzes the structure of Egyptian society in different periods,and explains the reasons of the social changes experienced in 2011.It is believed that the Sadat-Mubarak administrations’political and economic policies have led to distortions in the Egyptian social structure,and caused a‘fall’of the middle classes,that has destabilized Egyptian society.This paper will briefly consider the basic trajectory of the changes seen in Egypt and why the middle classes ultimately submitted to the Mubarak regime.This paper not only looks at the internal factors,but the external ones too-i.e.the difficult historical pretext and the huge international pressure on Arab countries like Egypt.展开更多
文摘After decades of living under oppressive dictatorships,the people of the Arab world are rising up against their countries’leadership.For over nine months now,we have been witnessing massive,large scale,and peaceful demonstrations spreading all over the Arab Middle Eastern countries.These mass civic demonstrations have been given many names,including the Arab Spring,Arab uprising,turmoil,tumult,chaos,Arab awakening,Arab revolution,revolt,etc.It is a reform movement on the march that was first started in Tunisia,which moved to Egypt,and then swept across the region to include Yemen,Bahrain,Libya and Syria.Activists in the rest of the Arab world such as Algeria,Jordan,Kuwait,Morocco and Saudi Arabia,were also inspired by the revolts and calls for reform which had been sweeping the Arab world.Protesters and human rights groups from these countries congregate frequently at popular places and landmarks to protest against their regimes and call for political,economical and social reforms.
文摘This paper analyzes the structure of Egyptian society in different periods,and explains the reasons of the social changes experienced in 2011.It is believed that the Sadat-Mubarak administrations’political and economic policies have led to distortions in the Egyptian social structure,and caused a‘fall’of the middle classes,that has destabilized Egyptian society.This paper will briefly consider the basic trajectory of the changes seen in Egypt and why the middle classes ultimately submitted to the Mubarak regime.This paper not only looks at the internal factors,but the external ones too-i.e.the difficult historical pretext and the huge international pressure on Arab countries like Egypt.
