This paper focuses on reviewing the factors that operate to reduce gender inequality in political representation among Arab women in Israel. A theoretical debate about the changes in the status of Arab women as they a...This paper focuses on reviewing the factors that operate to reduce gender inequality in political representation among Arab women in Israel. A theoretical debate about the changes in the status of Arab women as they are reflected in political representation patterns is conducted in the context of the political reality in the last decade in Israel and the ＂Arab Spring＂ events. The paper also focuses on clarifying the significance of the changes in political representation patterns as future trends of reducing gender inequality, within the acknowledged social patterns, which do not subvert the gender order in Arab society in Israel or in the frame of fundamental social change.展开更多
In this study,we evaluate ecological and cultural resiliency in response to desertification of the Mesopotamian Marshes of Southern Iraq.Our research illustrates that the desiccation of the marshes has caused a drasti...In this study,we evaluate ecological and cultural resiliency in response to desertification of the Mesopotamian Marshes of Southern Iraq.Our research illustrates that the desiccation of the marshes has caused a drastic change in how Marsh Arab women interact with their environment;specifically,in comparison to the predesiccation period,women’s roles are increasingly limited to domestic rather than marsh-dependent activities.With the exception of raising water buffalo and limited horticulture activities,most families today have little opportunity to utilize women’s ability to generate income by applying their traditional ecological knowledge and skills.Furthermore,these women are no longer transmitting their marsh-specific knowledge and skills to the next generation,and these valuable and ancient cultural memories are being lost.Upstream dam construction,drought,and regional climate change is depriving Marsh Arab communities of marsh eco-system services such as potable water,water buffalo forage,fish yields,and reed production.In marsh areas,where enough water remains to sustain ecosystem services(such as in Chibayish and the Iraq Marshlands Na-tional Park),cultural knowledge has been retained and passed on to the next generations.We recommend that programs be implemented to preserve these traditional skills,to develop a market for handicrafts to support women and their families,and to support cultural knowledge.Otherwise,with the passing of the older genera-tion,these remnants of ancient Sumerian knowledge systems and traditional ways of life will soon be forgotten.展开更多
ON September 6, 1995, because of the cloudy and drizzly weather, people felt the chill of an early Beijing autumn. However, the multi-function meeting hall at the Beijing Huairou NGO Forum site was filled with a warm ...ON September 6, 1995, because of the cloudy and drizzly weather, people felt the chill of an early Beijing autumn. However, the multi-function meeting hall at the Beijing Huairou NGO Forum site was filled with a warm and cordial atmosphere, where a dialogue was held among the women from Arab countries Nearly one hundred Arab women participated in this dialogue.展开更多
文摘This paper focuses on reviewing the factors that operate to reduce gender inequality in political representation among Arab women in Israel. A theoretical debate about the changes in the status of Arab women as they are reflected in political representation patterns is conducted in the context of the political reality in the last decade in Israel and the ＂Arab Spring＂ events. The paper also focuses on clarifying the significance of the changes in political representation patterns as future trends of reducing gender inequality, within the acknowledged social patterns, which do not subvert the gender order in Arab society in Israel or in the frame of fundamental social change.
文摘In this study,we evaluate ecological and cultural resiliency in response to desertification of the Mesopotamian Marshes of Southern Iraq.Our research illustrates that the desiccation of the marshes has caused a drastic change in how Marsh Arab women interact with their environment;specifically,in comparison to the predesiccation period,women’s roles are increasingly limited to domestic rather than marsh-dependent activities.With the exception of raising water buffalo and limited horticulture activities,most families today have little opportunity to utilize women’s ability to generate income by applying their traditional ecological knowledge and skills.Furthermore,these women are no longer transmitting their marsh-specific knowledge and skills to the next generation,and these valuable and ancient cultural memories are being lost.Upstream dam construction,drought,and regional climate change is depriving Marsh Arab communities of marsh eco-system services such as potable water,water buffalo forage,fish yields,and reed production.In marsh areas,where enough water remains to sustain ecosystem services(such as in Chibayish and the Iraq Marshlands Na-tional Park),cultural knowledge has been retained and passed on to the next generations.We recommend that programs be implemented to preserve these traditional skills,to develop a market for handicrafts to support women and their families,and to support cultural knowledge.Otherwise,with the passing of the older genera-tion,these remnants of ancient Sumerian knowledge systems and traditional ways of life will soon be forgotten.
文摘ON September 6, 1995, because of the cloudy and drizzly weather, people felt the chill of an early Beijing autumn. However, the multi-function meeting hall at the Beijing Huairou NGO Forum site was filled with a warm and cordial atmosphere, where a dialogue was held among the women from Arab countries Nearly one hundred Arab women participated in this dialogue.
