AIM： To investigate the role of O-GIcNAcylation of nuclear factor-kappa B （NF-KB） in retinal ganglion cell （RGC） death and analysedthe effect of Aralia elata （AE） on neurodegen- eration in diabetic mice. METH...AIM： To investigate the role of O-GIcNAcylation of nuclear factor-kappa B （NF-KB） in retinal ganglion cell （RGC） death and analysedthe effect of Aralia elata （AE） on neurodegen- eration in diabetic mice. METHODS： C57BL/6mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes were fed daily with AE extract or control （CTL） diet at the onset of diabetes mellitus （DM）. Two months af- tar injection of streptozotocin or saline, the degree of cell death and the expression of O-GIcNAc transferase （OGT）, N-acetyl-b-D-glucosaminidase （OGA）, O-GIcNAcylated pro- teins, and O-GIcNAcylation of NF-KB were examined. RESULTS： AE did not affect the metabolic status of diabetic mice. The decrease in the inner retinal thickness （P〈0.001 vs CTL, P〈0.01 vs DM） and increases in RGCs with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labelling （P〈0.001 vs CTL, P〈0.0001 vs DM）, glial activation, and active caspase-3 （P〈0.0001 vs CTL, P〈0.0001 vs DM） were blocked in diabetic retinas of AE extract-fed mice. Expression levels of protein O-GIcNAcylation and OGT were increased in diabetic retinas （P〈0.0001 vs CTL）, and the level of O-GIcNAcylation of the NF-KB p65 subunit was higher in diabetic retinas than in controls （P〈0.0001 vs CTL）. AE extract downregulated O-GIcNAcylation of NF-KB and prevented neurodegeneration induced by hyperglycemia （P〈0.0001 vs DM）. CONCLUSION： O-GIcNAcylation of NF-KB is concerned in neuronal degeneration and that AE prevents diabetes-in- duced RGC apoptosis via downregulation of NF-KB O-GI- cNAcylation. Hence, O-GIcNAcylation may be a new object for the treatment of DR, and AE may have therapeutic pos- sibility to prevent diabetes-induced neurodegeneration.展开更多
Sulfuric acid-phenol and sulfuric acid-anthrone methods were used to detect polysaccharide content in shoots of Aralia elata（ Miq.） Seem.,and the conversion factor to glucose was measured with refined polysaccharide...Sulfuric acid-phenol and sulfuric acid-anthrone methods were used to detect polysaccharide content in shoots of Aralia elata（ Miq.） Seem.,and the conversion factor to glucose was measured with refined polysaccharides. Comprehensive evaluation was carried out by linear relationship,precision,reproducibility,stability and recovery rate. The results showed that the linear relationship between glucose concentration and absorbance was good when glucose concentration was0-40 μg/ml,and the average recovery rate was equal to or higher than 97. 00% with good reproducibility（ RSD 〈 1. 60%,n = 5）. It revealed that the two methods were accurate and reliable,and suitable for the determination of polysaccharide content in the shoots of A. elata. Polysaccharide content detected by sulfuric acid-phenol and sulfuric acid-anthrone methods was 19. 31% and 20. 40% respectively.展开更多
The Araliaceae family consists of numerous species of medical plants of significant value as non-wood forest products.To conserve and culture these plants in natural forest stands is an important undertaking which sho...The Araliaceae family consists of numerous species of medical plants of significant value as non-wood forest products.To conserve and culture these plants in natural forest stands is an important undertaking which should be implemented according to the relationship between forest structure and understory population.In this study,thirtyfive plots were established in natural A ralia elata stands.Taller individual and denser populations were found in the northern and in the eastern regions,respectively.Both population densities and individual leaf weight increased along longitude.In contrast,their relationship with elevation and DBH were negative.Along with the altitude gradient,both height and root-collar diameter increased but population density declined.Root-collar diameter and population density decreased with latitude and DBH,respectively.Overall,dominant trees unlikely enforced strong disturbance to the development of understory A.elata populations unless concerning some specific topographic factors.展开更多
[Objectives]This article aimed to systematically study the biopharmaceutical characteristics of root bark and adventitious buds(tender stems and young leaves)of Aralia elata Seem.and to distinguish its root bark from ...[Objectives]This article aimed to systematically study the biopharmaceutical characteristics of root bark and adventitious buds(tender stems and young leaves)of Aralia elata Seem.and to distinguish its root bark from that of Acanthopanax gracilistylus,in order to avoid confusion in clinical medication and guide root segment cutting technology of A.elata Seem.[Methods]Samples were obtained by field collection,and using trait and microstructure identification techniques,systematic biopharmaceutical identification of samples was carried out.[Results]The trait and microscopic characteristics of the root bark and adventitious buds(tender stems and young leaves)of A.elata Seem.were clarified.[Conclusions]The traits,cross-sections and powder of root bark,tender stems and young leaves of A.elata Seem.all have unique identification characteristics.The secondary phloem of A.elata Seem.is particularly developed,and it provides adventitious buds with sufficient nutrients for their meristem.展开更多
基金Supported by the Basic Science Research Program Through the National Research Foundation(NRF)of Korea Funded by the Ministry of Science,ICT,and Future Planning 2014049413,NRF-2015R1A5A2008833 and NRF-2015R1C1A1A02037702
文摘AIM： To investigate the role of O-GIcNAcylation of nuclear factor-kappa B （NF-KB） in retinal ganglion cell （RGC） death and analysedthe effect of Aralia elata （AE） on neurodegen- eration in diabetic mice. METHODS： C57BL/6mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes were fed daily with AE extract or control （CTL） diet at the onset of diabetes mellitus （DM）. Two months af- tar injection of streptozotocin or saline, the degree of cell death and the expression of O-GIcNAc transferase （OGT）, N-acetyl-b-D-glucosaminidase （OGA）, O-GIcNAcylated pro- teins, and O-GIcNAcylation of NF-KB were examined. RESULTS： AE did not affect the metabolic status of diabetic mice. The decrease in the inner retinal thickness （P〈0.001 vs CTL, P〈0.01 vs DM） and increases in RGCs with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labelling （P〈0.001 vs CTL, P〈0.0001 vs DM）, glial activation, and active caspase-3 （P〈0.0001 vs CTL, P〈0.0001 vs DM） were blocked in diabetic retinas of AE extract-fed mice. Expression levels of protein O-GIcNAcylation and OGT were increased in diabetic retinas （P〈0.0001 vs CTL）, and the level of O-GIcNAcylation of the NF-KB p65 subunit was higher in diabetic retinas than in controls （P〈0.0001 vs CTL）. AE extract downregulated O-GIcNAcylation of NF-KB and prevented neurodegeneration induced by hyperglycemia （P〈0.0001 vs DM）. CONCLUSION： O-GIcNAcylation of NF-KB is concerned in neuronal degeneration and that AE prevents diabetes-in- duced RGC apoptosis via downregulation of NF-KB O-GI- cNAcylation. Hence, O-GIcNAcylation may be a new object for the treatment of DR, and AE may have therapeutic pos- sibility to prevent diabetes-induced neurodegeneration.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Project of Education Department of Liaoning Province,China(L2017lkyfwdf-05)Public Welfare Fund Project of Department of Science and Technology of Liaoning Province,China(2016003003)
文摘Sulfuric acid-phenol and sulfuric acid-anthrone methods were used to detect polysaccharide content in shoots of Aralia elata（ Miq.） Seem.,and the conversion factor to glucose was measured with refined polysaccharides. Comprehensive evaluation was carried out by linear relationship,precision,reproducibility,stability and recovery rate. The results showed that the linear relationship between glucose concentration and absorbance was good when glucose concentration was0-40 μg/ml,and the average recovery rate was equal to or higher than 97. 00% with good reproducibility（ RSD 〈 1. 60%,n = 5）. It revealed that the two methods were accurate and reliable,and suitable for the determination of polysaccharide content in the shoots of A. elata. Polysaccharide content detected by sulfuric acid-phenol and sulfuric acid-anthrone methods was 19. 31% and 20. 40% respectively.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Number 2016YFC0500300)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant Number XDA23070503)+5 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Numbers 419711224186101731600496)the Regional Key Project in S&T Services Network Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant Numbers KFJ-STSQYZD-044KFJ-STS-ZDTP-048)the Funding for Jilin Environmental Science(Grant Number 2017-16)。
文摘The Araliaceae family consists of numerous species of medical plants of significant value as non-wood forest products.To conserve and culture these plants in natural forest stands is an important undertaking which should be implemented according to the relationship between forest structure and understory population.In this study,thirtyfive plots were established in natural A ralia elata stands.Taller individual and denser populations were found in the northern and in the eastern regions,respectively.Both population densities and individual leaf weight increased along longitude.In contrast,their relationship with elevation and DBH were negative.Along with the altitude gradient,both height and root-collar diameter increased but population density declined.Root-collar diameter and population density decreased with latitude and DBH,respectively.Overall,dominant trees unlikely enforced strong disturbance to the development of understory A.elata populations unless concerning some specific topographic factors.
基金Scientific Research Project of Education Department of Liaoning(L2014502)Project of Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical and Chemical EngineeringTraditional Chinese Medicine Related Scientific Research Project of Dalian City(18Z1002).
文摘[Objectives]This article aimed to systematically study the biopharmaceutical characteristics of root bark and adventitious buds(tender stems and young leaves)of Aralia elata Seem.and to distinguish its root bark from that of Acanthopanax gracilistylus,in order to avoid confusion in clinical medication and guide root segment cutting technology of A.elata Seem.[Methods]Samples were obtained by field collection,and using trait and microstructure identification techniques,systematic biopharmaceutical identification of samples was carried out.[Results]The trait and microscopic characteristics of the root bark and adventitious buds(tender stems and young leaves)of A.elata Seem.were clarified.[Conclusions]The traits,cross-sections and powder of root bark,tender stems and young leaves of A.elata Seem.all have unique identification characteristics.The secondary phloem of A.elata Seem.is particularly developed,and it provides adventitious buds with sufficient nutrients for their meristem.
