In this study, impact of inflation （WPI--Wholesale Price Index）, exchange rate, and interest rate on the production of red meat in Turkey was examined using the vector autoregressive （VAR） model. The model consist...In this study, impact of inflation （WPI--Wholesale Price Index）, exchange rate, and interest rate on the production of red meat in Turkey was examined using the vector autoregressive （VAR） model. The model consisting of variables of dollar exchange rate, inflation rate, interest rate, beef, buffalo meat, mutton, and goat meat production amounts has been estimated for the period from 1981 to 2014. It has been detected that there is a tie among the dollar exchange rate, inflation rate, interest rate, and the amount of red meat production in Turkey. In order to determine the direction of this relation, Granger causality test was conducted. A one-way causal relation has been observed between： the goat meat production and dollar exchange rate; the buffalo meat production and the mutton production; and the beef production and the mutton production. To interpret VAR model, the impulse response function and variance decomposition analysis was used. As a result of variance decomposition, it has been detected that explanatory power of changes in the variance of dollar exchange rate, inflation rate, and interest rate in goat meat production amount is more than explanatory power of changes in the variances of mutton, beef, and buffalo meat variables.展开更多
采用解剖观察、组织切片及人工催情等方法,研究芙蓉鲤鲫(Cyprinus capiofurong.♀×Carassius auratus red var.♂)的性腺发育及繁殖性能。结果显示:解剖观察,芙蓉鲤鲫性腺发育异常的个体占83.64%,性腺外观基本正常的个体占16.36%...采用解剖观察、组织切片及人工催情等方法,研究芙蓉鲤鲫(Cyprinus capiofurong.♀×Carassius auratus red var.♂)的性腺发育及繁殖性能。结果显示:解剖观察,芙蓉鲤鲫性腺发育异常的个体占83.64%,性腺外观基本正常的个体占16.36%。组织学观察,芙蓉鲤鲫性腺可分三类:两性嵌合体占21.13%,其中以精巢为主的16.90%,以卵巢为主的4.23%,它们性腺发育迟缓,在繁殖季节成熟系数也没有明显变化,性腺多为一侧发育或两侧不对称,两种性腺细胞均不能成熟;雌性个体占40.84%,在生殖季节卵巢可发育到第IV时相,但未见其细胞核发生偏移;雄性个体,占38.03%,在生殖季节只能发育到精子细胞阶段,不能产生成熟的精子。经人工催产,芙蓉鲤鲫少部分个体有发情产卵行为但不能正常受精。结果表明芙蓉鲤鲫为两性败育类型。展开更多
利用ISSR技术对"全红"瓯江彩鲤(Cyprinus car pio var. color)4个世代群体的遗传结构及其分化进行了分析。筛选的15个ISSR引物从4个世代群体中分别扩增到120、118、101和110条扩增谱带,全部扩增片段长度在200—2500bp之间。...利用ISSR技术对"全红"瓯江彩鲤(Cyprinus car pio var. color)4个世代群体的遗传结构及其分化进行了分析。筛选的15个ISSR引物从4个世代群体中分别扩增到120、118、101和110条扩增谱带,全部扩增片段长度在200—2500bp之间。根据扩增结果,利用POPGENE version 1.31进行分析,结果表明:4个群体的多态位点比例(P)为51.49%—67.80%,Shannon信息指数(Ho)为0.2176—0.2745之间,并随着世代的增加,选育群体的遗传多样性呈现下降趋势。有70%的遗传变异来自于群体内;结合遗传分化指数Gst、UPGMA聚类分析,证实"全红"瓯江彩鲤4个世代间存在一定程度的遗传分化,即任意两个群体间的遗传分化达到较大的水平(Gst均为0.1588—0.2766)。展开更多
为研究草金鱼(Carassius auratus red var.)饲料的适宜蛋白质和脂肪水平,本试验采用双因素试验设计,设4个蛋白质水平(30%、35%、40%、45%)和2个脂肪水平(5%、10%),共配制8种试验饲料,分别标记为P30L5、P30L10、P35L5、P35L10、P40L5、P4...为研究草金鱼(Carassius auratus red var.)饲料的适宜蛋白质和脂肪水平,本试验采用双因素试验设计,设4个蛋白质水平(30%、35%、40%、45%)和2个脂肪水平(5%、10%),共配制8种试验饲料,分别标记为P30L5、P30L10、P35L5、P35L10、P40L5、P40L10、P45L5、P45L10(P代表饲料蛋白质水平,L代表饲料脂肪水平)。选取初始体重为(10.20±0.61) g的草金鱼幼鱼720尾,随机分为8组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾,以8种试验饲料饲喂8周后测定其生长性能、观赏品质、血清生化指标及氮磷排泄指标。结果表明:1) P30L10组蛋白质效率最高(2.31%),增重率、特定生长率、肥满度均较高,而饲料系数最低(1.30)。饲料蛋白质和脂肪水平对上述指标均有显著的交互作用,尤其对蛋白质效率影响极显著(P<0.01)。2)饲料蛋白质和脂肪水平的交互作用显著影响鱼体表亮度和黄度值(P<0.05)。P30L10组鱼体表亮度值最高(67.38),红度值与其他组无显著差异(P>0.05),但黄度值低,观赏品质最好。3)各组血清生化指标测定值均处于健康鱼体的参考值范围内。4)饲料蛋白质和脂肪水平的交互作用显著影响粪氮、氮排泄量、粪磷、磷排泄量(P<0.05),与P45L10组相比,P30L10组上述指标分别降低了44.44%、38.51%、47.06%、22.41%(P<0.05)。综上,饲料蛋白质水平为30%、脂肪水平为10%时,草金鱼生长性能、观赏品质最好,在保障草金鱼质量不变甚至提升的前提下,通过增加饲料脂肪水平达到节约蛋白质的目的,且氮磷排泄量最低,对水质影响最小。展开更多
本文采用冷休克技术对兴国红鲤(Cyprinus carpio var singuonensis)受精卵进行不同时间的处理,详细比较了正常发育和冷休克处理后的胚胎发育过程以及主要的形态特征。结果表明,对授精后3～5min的受精卵进行冷休克(0～2℃)处理10～15min...本文采用冷休克技术对兴国红鲤(Cyprinus carpio var singuonensis)受精卵进行不同时间的处理,详细比较了正常发育和冷休克处理后的胚胎发育过程以及主要的形态特征。结果表明,对授精后3～5min的受精卵进行冷休克(0～2℃)处理10～15min,其出膜时间比正常胚胎的出膜约提前7h,为最适处理时间。正常胚胎发育与经处理的胚胎发育在主要形态结构上无明显差异。展开更多
文摘In this study, impact of inflation （WPI--Wholesale Price Index）, exchange rate, and interest rate on the production of red meat in Turkey was examined using the vector autoregressive （VAR） model. The model consisting of variables of dollar exchange rate, inflation rate, interest rate, beef, buffalo meat, mutton, and goat meat production amounts has been estimated for the period from 1981 to 2014. It has been detected that there is a tie among the dollar exchange rate, inflation rate, interest rate, and the amount of red meat production in Turkey. In order to determine the direction of this relation, Granger causality test was conducted. A one-way causal relation has been observed between： the goat meat production and dollar exchange rate; the buffalo meat production and the mutton production; and the beef production and the mutton production. To interpret VAR model, the impulse response function and variance decomposition analysis was used. As a result of variance decomposition, it has been detected that explanatory power of changes in the variance of dollar exchange rate, inflation rate, and interest rate in goat meat production amount is more than explanatory power of changes in the variances of mutton, beef, and buffalo meat variables.
文摘采用解剖观察、组织切片及人工催情等方法,研究芙蓉鲤鲫(Cyprinus capiofurong.♀×Carassius auratus red var.♂)的性腺发育及繁殖性能。结果显示:解剖观察,芙蓉鲤鲫性腺发育异常的个体占83.64%,性腺外观基本正常的个体占16.36%。组织学观察,芙蓉鲤鲫性腺可分三类:两性嵌合体占21.13%,其中以精巢为主的16.90%,以卵巢为主的4.23%,它们性腺发育迟缓,在繁殖季节成熟系数也没有明显变化,性腺多为一侧发育或两侧不对称,两种性腺细胞均不能成熟;雌性个体占40.84%,在生殖季节卵巢可发育到第IV时相,但未见其细胞核发生偏移;雄性个体,占38.03%,在生殖季节只能发育到精子细胞阶段,不能产生成熟的精子。经人工催产,芙蓉鲤鲫少部分个体有发情产卵行为但不能正常受精。结果表明芙蓉鲤鲫为两性败育类型。
文摘利用ISSR技术对"全红"瓯江彩鲤(Cyprinus car pio var. color)4个世代群体的遗传结构及其分化进行了分析。筛选的15个ISSR引物从4个世代群体中分别扩增到120、118、101和110条扩增谱带,全部扩增片段长度在200—2500bp之间。根据扩增结果,利用POPGENE version 1.31进行分析,结果表明:4个群体的多态位点比例(P)为51.49%—67.80%,Shannon信息指数(Ho)为0.2176—0.2745之间,并随着世代的增加,选育群体的遗传多样性呈现下降趋势。有70%的遗传变异来自于群体内;结合遗传分化指数Gst、UPGMA聚类分析,证实"全红"瓯江彩鲤4个世代间存在一定程度的遗传分化,即任意两个群体间的遗传分化达到较大的水平(Gst均为0.1588—0.2766)。
文摘本文采用冷休克技术对兴国红鲤(Cyprinus carpio var singuonensis)受精卵进行不同时间的处理,详细比较了正常发育和冷休克处理后的胚胎发育过程以及主要的形态特征。结果表明,对授精后3～5min的受精卵进行冷休克(0～2℃)处理10～15min,其出膜时间比正常胚胎的出膜约提前7h,为最适处理时间。正常胚胎发育与经处理的胚胎发育在主要形态结构上无明显差异。
