Comparative and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Complete Chloroplast Genomes of 19 Species in Rosaceae Family

Rosaceae represents a vast and complex group of species,with its classification being intricate and contentious.The taxonomic placement of many species within this family has been a subject of ongoing debate.The study utilized the Illumina platform to sequence 19 plant species from 10 genera in the Rosaceae.The cp genomes,vary-ing in size from 153,366 to 159,895 bp,followed the typical quadripartite organization consisting of a large single-copy(LSC)region(84,545 to 87,883 bp),a small single-copy(SSC)region(18,174 to 19,259 bp),and a pair of inverted repeat(IR)regions(25,310 to 26,396 bp).These genomes contained 132–138 annotated genes,including 87 to 93 protein-coding genes(PCGs),37 tRNA genes,and 8 rRNA genes using MISA software,52 to 121 simple sequence repeat(SSR)loci were identified.D.arbuscular contained the least of SSRs and did not have hexanotides,A.lineata contained the richest SSRs.Long terminal repeats(LTRs)were primarily composed of palindromic and forward repeat sequences,meanwhile,The richest LTRs were found in Argentina lineata.Except for Argentina lineata,Fragariastrum eriocarpum,and Prunus trichostoma,which varied in gene type and position on both sides of the boundary,the remaining species were found to be mostly conserved according to IR boundary analysis.The examination of the Ka/Ks ratio revealed that only the infA gene had a value greater than 1,indicating that this gene was primarily subjected to positive selection during evolution.Additionally,9 hotspots of variation were identified in the LSC and SSC regions.Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the scientific validity of the genus Prunus L.sensu lato(s.l.)within the Rosaceae family.The separation of the three genera Argentina Hill,Fragariastrum Heist.ex Fabr.and Dasiphora Raf.from Potentilla L.may be a more scientific classification.These results offer fresh perspectives on the taxonomy of the Rosaceae.

Molecular phylogeny and inflorescence evolution of Prunus(Rosaceae)based on RAD-seq and genome skimming analyses

Prunus is an economically important genus widely distributed in the temperate Northern Hemisphere.Previous studies on the genus using a variety of loci yielded conflicting phylogenetic hypotheses.Here,we generated nuclear reduced representation sequencing data and plastid genomes for 36 Prunus individuals and two outgroups.Both nuclear and plastome data recovered a well-resolved phylogeny.The species were divided into three main clades corresponding to their inflorescence types,-the racemose group,the solitary-flower group and the corymbose group-with the latter two sister to one another.Prunus was inferred to have diversified initially in the Late Cretaceous around 67.32 million years ago.The diversification of the three major clades began between the Paleocene and Miocene,suggesting that paleoclimatic events were an important driving force for Prunus diversification.Ancestral state reconstructions revealed that the most recent common ancestor of Prunus had racemose inflorescences,and the solitary-flower and corymb inflorescence types were derived by reduction of flower number and suppression of the rachis,respectively.We also tested the hybrid origin hypothesis of the racemose group proposed in previous studies.Prunus has undergone extensive hybridization events,although it is difficult to identify conclusively specific instances of hybridization when using SNP data,especially deep in the phylogeny.Our study provides well-resolved nuclear and plastid phylogenies of Prunus,reveals substantial cytonuclear discord at shallow scales,and sheds new light on inflorescence evolution in this economically important lineage.

Comparative genomic analysis of N6-methyladenosine regulators in nine rosaceae species and functional characterization in response to drought stress in pear

N 6-methylated adenine(m6 A)is an emerging epigenetic marker in eukaryotic organisms that plays an important role in biological functions and in enriching genetic information.m6 A exerts these functions via the dynamic interplay among m6 A writers,erasers,and readers.However,little is known about the underlying mechanisms of m6 A in plant growth and stress responses.Here,we identified 276 masked m6 A regulators from nine Rosaceae species(Pyrus bretschneideri,Pyrus betulifolia,Pyrus communis,Malus domestica,Fragaria vesca,Prunus avium,Prunus mume,Prunus persica,and Rubus occidentalis).We classified and named these genes in more detail based on phylogenetic and synteny analysis.The expansion of m6 A regulators in Maloideae was dated back to the recent whole-genome duplication(WGD)in Rosaceae.Based on the expression pattern analysis and gene structure analysis of m6 A regulators,m6 A was shown to be a significant factor in regulating plant development and resistance.In addition,PbrMTA1-silenced pear plants displayed significantly reduced drought tolerance and chlorophyll content,as well as increased electrolyte leakage and concentrations of malondialdehyde and H2 O2.

Phylogenetic relationships among five species of Armeniaca Scop. (Rosaceae) using microsatellites (SSRs) and capillary electrophoresis

The genus Armeniaca Scop. is well known for its popular cultivated edible fruit trees such as Armeniaca vul- garis Lam. and ornamental flowers such as A. mume Sieb. Another species, A. cathayana Fu et al., one of six important dry fruits （kernel-using apricot）, is cultivated for its edible seeds in North China. In the present study, DNA from 70 individuals of A rmeniaca, including 38 of A. cathayana, 18 ofA. vulgaris, 12 ofA. sibirica, 1 ofA. dasycarpa and 1 of A. mume, was extracted and analyzed using microsatellites and capillary electrophoresis. For 20 polymorphic loci selected, 339 alleles and 140.7 effective alleles were detected. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 8 to 28, with an average of 16.95 alleles per locus. The observed heterozygosity （Ho） and the expected heterozygosity （He） ranged from 0.427 to 0.971 and from 0.737 to 0.912, respectively. The polymorphism information content varied from 0.708 to0.905, with an average of 0.827. Based on the genetic similarity among 70 individuals, a UPGMA was used to establish the phylogenetic relationships. The taxonomic positions among five species were clearly revealed, and A. cathayana was more closely related to A. vulgaris than to A. sibirica. The results will provide a scientific basis for research on the taxonomy, germplasm resources and breeding ofArmeniaca, especially for A. cathayana.

Genome-wide identification and characterization of the IPT family members in nine Rosaceae species and a functional analysis of MdIPT5b in cold resistance

Cytokinins are members of a group of phytohormones involved in various growth and developmental processes in plants.Isopentenyl transferase(IPT)is the rate-limiting enzyme in catalyzing the biosynthesis of cytokinins.In this study,to understand the role of IPT family in cold resistance,78 IPT candidates were identified and characterized in nine Rosaceae genomes.The expansion of IPT families in the Rosaceae primarily occurred through segmental duplication rather than tandem duplication.In general,purifying selection controlled the evolution of IPT families in the Rosaceae,with IPT3 and IPT5 homologs as the primary drivers of evolution.Cis-elements,which are involved in the responses to many environmental stresses or phytohormone signals,were identified in the promoters of MdIPT members.This was consistent with the trends of expression of the MdIPT genes in apple(Malus domestica)calli.MdIPT5b was also found to exhibit multiple responses to phytohormones and stress signals.The ectopic expression of MdIPT5b resulted in an increase in cold resistance in transformed apple calli and tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)plantlets.The redox balance was partially stabilized through the accumulation of proline under cold stress.However,the ascorbate–glutathione cycle cannot be stabilized in the cold.All physiological and biochemical assays are preformed in spectrophotometer.These results showed that regulating the expression of IPT genes for moderate cytokinin improvement could enhance the accumulation of proline to stabilize the osmotic and redox balances to improve resistance to cold stress.

Ocular rosacea without facial erythema involvement manifesting as bilateral multiple recurrent chalazions:A case report

BACKGROUND In addition to the non-specific symptomatology of ocular rosacea,currently,there are no reliable diagnostic tests for the disease,which may lead to its misdiagnosis.Here,we report a case of ocular rosacea presenting with multiple recurrent chalazion on both eyelids.CASE SUMMARY A 63-year-old female patient presented with multiple chalazion and dry eyes in both eyes,with no facial erythema.Initial management done were application of steroid eye ointment on both eyelids,hot compresses,and eyelid margin cleaning;noting that there was no relief of symptoms.Surgical excision of the chalazion was done on both eyes,however,bilateral recurrence occurred post-operatively.The pathological studies showed infiltration of a small amount of fibrous tissue with many chronic inflammatory cells.Immunohistochemistry studies were positive for LL-37.Resolution of the chalazion occurred after oral administration of doxycycline and azithromycin.CONCLUSION Our findings show that ophthalmologists should recognize the ocular manifestations of skin diseases.

蔷薇科(Rosaceae)植物标本及其数字化处理技术研究

植物标本作为保藏植物资源和植物信息的一种基本手段,为植物资源管理和利用提供了重要的科学依据。腊叶标本是最常见的标本类型,在形态分类、资源保藏中发挥着重要作用。然而,腊叶标本在长期保存中存在原色丧失、植物器官典型特征缺损、霉变、腐败和虫蛀等问题,加之馆藏标本数据量巨大,数据管理和查询成为一个非常棘手的问题,从而造成植物标本数据利用率低,无论在科研还是在进一步的开发中都没有产生应有的作用。随着信息化技术的快速发展,植物标本数字化已成为可能,并备受各方的关注。以沈阳农业大学植物标本馆馆藏蔷薇科(Rosaceae)植物腊叶标本为研究对象,采用数字化处理技术,利用计算机及其软件为辅助工具,以活体标本颜色为对照,从植物腊叶标本原色数字化恢复技术、蔷薇科植物形态数字化分类系统的构建、蔷薇科植物形态分类数据库的设计等方面进行系统研究,为模式标本的数字化及实现互联网植物分类鉴定提供技术支持。

Evolution of the R2R3-MYB gene family in six Rosaceae species and expression in woodland strawberry

R2R3-MYB gene family play important roles in plants development, metabolism, and responses to various biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, 838 R2 R3-MYB genes were identified from six Rosaceae species, including 105 in woodland strawberry(Fragaria vesca), 173 in European pear(Pyrus communis), 219 in apple(Malus domestica), 121 in peach(Prunus persica), 121 in Chinese rose(Rosa chinensis), and 99 in black raspberry(Rubus occidentalis). All R2 R3-MYB genes in the six Rosaceae species were clustered into 51 species-specific duplicated clades with 109 genes and 50 lineage-specific duplicated clades with 242 genes according to phylogenetic analysis. R2 R3-MYB genes were distributed on all chromosomes in each of the six species, with a small amount of tandem duplication events. The proportion of tandem repeat genes ranged from 0 to 25.1%. The R2 R3-MYB protein was conserved in a clade and likely to share similar functions. The distribution of Ks showed the duplication times of R2 R3-MYB genes in six Rosaceae species. Furthermore, most of the R2 R3-MYB genes had Ka/Ks values less than 1, which indicated they were driven by purifying selection during the evolutionary processes. The GO term enrichment analysis revealed that R2 R3-MYB genes in strawberry and black raspberry were more divergent than in other Rosaceae species. Analysis of transcriptomes of 42 different tissues and development stages of woodland strawberry showed that high expression levels of R2 R3-MYB suggested that the R2 R3-MYB genes in strawberry played a key role in growth and development of both vegetative tissues and fruits. The strawberry R2 R3-MYB genes in sub-group of S1, S2, S11, S20, and S22 had high expression levels both in young leaves(YL) and old leaves(OL) strawberry tissues under drought treatments.

Phylogenetic inferences in Prunus （Rosaceae） using chloroplast ndhF and nuclear ribosomal ITS sequences

Sequences of the chloroplast ndhF gene and the nuclear ribosomal ITS regions are employed to recon-struct the phylogeny of Prunus (Rosaceae), and evaluate the classification schemes of this genus. The two data sets are congruent in that the genera Prunus s.l. and Maddenia form a monophyletic group, with Maddenia nested within Prunus. However, the ndhF data set is incongruent with the ITS data supporting two major groups within Prunus: one consisting of subgenera Laurocerasus (including Pygeum) and Padus as well as the genus Maddenia and another of subgenera Amygdalus, Cerasus, and Prunus. The ITS data, on the other hand, support a clade composed of subgenera Amygdalus and Prunus and Prunus sect. Microcerasus in addition to a paraphyletic grade of subgenera Laurocerasus and Padus (and the genus Maddenia) taxa. In general, the subgeneric classifications of Prunus s.l. are not supported. The ITS and ndhF phylogenies differ mainly in interspecific relationships and the relative position of the Padus/Laurocerasus group. Both ITS and ndhF data sets suggest that the formerly recog-nized genus Pygeum is polyphyletic and that the distinction of the subgenera Padus and Laurocerasus is not supported. The biogeographic interactions of the temperate and tropical members in the Padus/Laurocera- sus/Maddenia alliance including Pygeum are shown to be highly dynamic and complex.

Genome-wide identification and evolutionary analysis of MLO gene family in Rosaceae plants

Mutants lacking wild-type MLO(Mildew resistance Locus O)proteins show broad-spectrum resistance to the powdery mildew fungus,and dysregulated cell death control,with spontaneous cell death in response to developmental or abiotic stimuli.In order to understand the evolution and divergence patterns of the MLO gene family in Rosaceae plants,we analysed systematically genome-wide data from Fragaria vesca,Prunus persica,Prunus mume,Malus domestica,Pyrus bretschneideri and Rubus occidentalis based on bioinformatics methods.Using three phylogenetic methods(the neighbour-joining,maximum likelihood,and Bayesian methods),we identified 117 MLO genes from 6 Rosaceae species.The results of all three phylogenetic analysis methods supported that these genes were divided into six clades.Conserved motif analysis found that only motif 2 was present in all MLO proteins and had 3 nearly invariant amino acid residues.The findings indicated that motif 2 might be shared by the MLO gene family.The structural features of these genes showed large variations in sequence length among different species,although the lengths and the numbers of exons exhibited high degrees of similarity.Selective pressure analysis showed extremely significant differences in all 6 clades,with 2,1,and 1 site(s)under significant positive selection detected in clades III,IV,and VI,respectively.These positive selection sites were important driving forces for the promotion of the functional differentiation of the MLO genes.Functional divergence analysis showed that the significantly divergent sites were located within the domains of the MLO genes.Functional distance analysis showed that the clade V had more conservative functions and might have retained more original functions during the evolutionary process.However,clade I may have undergone extensive altered functional constraints as a specialised functional role.Moreover,the most original function of the MLO genes in Rosaceae could be related to the evolution of their resistance to powdery mildew,which then gradually evolved into functions such as the regulation of flower development,the control of root morphology,and seed evolution due to the different evolutionary rates after gene duplication.These results provide a theoretical basis for further studies of the molecular evolutionary patterns of the plant MLO gene family.

The Gillenia trifoliata genome reveals dynamics correlated with growth and reproduction in Rosaceae

The Rosaceae family has striking phenotypic diversity and high syntenic conservation.Gillenia trifoliata is sister species to the Maleae tribe of apple and~1000 other species.Gillenia has many putative ancestral features,such as herb/sub-shrub habit,dry fruit-bearing and nine base chromosomes.This coalescence of ancestral characters in a phylogenetically important species,positions Gillenia as a‘rosetta stone'for translational science within Rosaceae.We present genomic and phenological resources to facilitate the use of Gillenia for this purpose.The Gillenia genome is the fi rst fully annotated chromosome-level assembly with an ancestral genome complement(x=9),and with it we developed an improved model of the Rosaceae ancestral genome.MADS and NAC gene family analyses revealed genome dynamics correlated with growth and reproduction and we demonstrate how Gillenia can be a negative control for studying fl eshy fruit development in Rosaceae.

硫酸羟氯喹联合甲硝唑凝胶治疗玫瑰痤疮的疗效观察

目的:探讨硫酸羟氯喹联合甲硝唑凝胶治疗玫瑰痤疮的美学效果及疗效和安全性。方法:选取2020年12月-2022年12月湖南省中医药研究院附属医院收治的84例玫瑰痤疮患者,按随机数表法分为观察组(硫酸羟氯喹联合甲硝唑凝胶治疗,n=42)和对照组(甲硝唑凝胶治疗,n=42)。比较两组患者的治疗效果、不良反应,比较两组患者治疗前后的临床症状评分、痤疮特异性生活质量量表(Acne-specific quality of life scale,Acne-QOL)评分及白细胞介素-6(Interleukin-6,IL-6)、C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(Tumo rnecrosis factor-α,TNF-α)水平。结果:观察组总有效率为95.24%,显著高于对照组的80.95%(P<0.05);治疗后两组各项临床症状评分显著低于治疗前,观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后两组Acne-QOL各项评分显著高于治疗前,观察组高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后两组IL-6、CRP、TNF-α显著低于治疗前,观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组和对照组的不良反应总发生率分别为9.52%、7.14%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:硫酸羟氯喹联合甲硝唑凝胶治疗玫瑰痤疮安全有效,可有效改善患者的临床症状,提高患者的面部美学效果及生活质量。

93例女性玫瑰痤疮患者化妆品斑贴试验结果分析

目的:检测女性玫瑰痤疮患者化妆品接触性过敏原情况。方法:对2018年1月—2021年12月在我院皮肤科就诊的93例女性玫瑰痤疮患者进行化妆品变应原斑贴试验。结果:93例患者中有68例(73.12%)呈阳性反应,其中阳性率排前4位的变应原种类分别是金属盐类(41例)、表面活性剂类(37例)、防腐剂类(30例)和芳香剂类(24例),阳性率排前9位的具体变应原成分分别是氯化镍(36例)、氯化钴(23例)、十二烷基硫酸钠(16例)、戊基肉桂醇(14例)、烷基醇聚氧乙烯醚(12例)、硫酸镍(12例)、硫柳汞(11例)、硫酸钠(11例)和橡苔浸膏(10例)。结论:化妆品接触性过敏原可能与玫瑰痤疮的发病和复发有关,金属盐类、表面活性剂类、防腐剂类和芳香剂类是最常见的化妆品变应原种类。

羟氯喹治疗玫瑰痤疮的疗效和安全性系统评价

目的:系统评价羟氯喹(Hydroxychloroquine,HCQ)治疗玫瑰痤疮的有效性与安全性。方法:计算机检索Pub Med,The Cochrane Library,Embase,CNKI,万方数据库,筛选HCQ治疗玫瑰痤疮的随机对照试验(Randomized controlled trials,RCTs),使用Cochrane RevMan5.4进行数据分析。结果:纳入18项研究,共1397例患者。与四环素类药物比较,HCQ治疗有效率[OR=0.94,95%CI(0.74,1.19),P=0.60]差异无统计学意义。HCQ的治疗有效率低于HCQ联合激光光疗组、联合外用药组、联合中医药组以及联合四环素组[RR=0.68,95%CI(0.57,0.80),P<0.01;RR=0.70,95%CI(0.57,0.86),P<0.01;RR=0.70,95%CI(0.54,0.90),P<0.01;RR=0.73,95%CI(0.62,0.85),P<0.01]。单用HCQ的治疗后疗效低于激光单独治疗组,HCQ联合四环素组,联合激光光疗组以及联合外用药组,差异有统计学意义[MD=1.50,95%CI(1.04,1.96),P<0.01;MD=2.59,95%CI(2.24,2.94),P<0.01;MD=0.63,95%CI(0.27,0.99),P<0.01;MD=0.84,95%CI(0.65,1.02),P<0.01]。HCQ联合激光、外用皮肤修复剂在红斑、毛细血管扩张的缓解上有更好的疗效[MD=1.70,95%CI(0.06,3.34),P<0.05;MD=0.47,95%CI(0.37,0.56),P<0.01;MD=0.39,95%CI(0.15,0.63),P<0.01];HCQ联合激光治疗对瘙痒的缓解也有较好的疗效MD=0.75,95%CI(0.42,1.07),P<0.01,但是对丘疹脓疱的治疗并不优于HCQ组[MD=-1.20,95%CI(-4.19,1.79),P=0.43]。单独治疗与联合治疗间的不良反应差异无统计学意义[RR=1.25,95%CI(0.94,1.66),P=0.12]。结论:HCQ是否比四环素更有效还有待确定,但HCQ联合四环素、激光光疗、中医药、外用修复剂及血管收缩剂治疗玫瑰痤疮更有效,且不良反应并未增加。

玫瑰痤疮277例甲状腺功能分析

目的分析玫瑰痤疮患者甲状腺功能(以下简称甲功)的临床特征,探讨玫瑰痤疮患者的甲功特点。方法收集2019年7月至2022年7月在新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院门诊及住院的玫瑰痤疮患者277例(病例组)及同期在该院体检中心体检的健康人群280例(对照组)作为研究对象。2组性别、年龄比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。收集2组所有研究对象的一般资料和甲功相关指标水平等数据,并对相关因素进行统计分析。结果①2组患者甲功中血清游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT3)、三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)、促甲状腺激素(TSH)水平比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),而游离甲状腺素(FT4)、甲状腺素(T4)、抗甲状腺过氧化物酶(TPO)和抗甲状腺球蛋白(TGAb)抗体水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);②对不同病情严重程度的玫瑰痤疮患者的甲功指标进行比较,结果提示轻、中、重度玫瑰痤疮患者各项甲功指标比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);③2组患者甲状腺超声甲状腺大小比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),轻、中、重度玫瑰痤疮患者甲状腺大小比较差异也无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论玫瑰痤疮患者的血清甲功指标水平均在正常范围,FT3、T3、TSH水平与健康人群比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

肥大细胞在玫瑰痤疮发病机制及治疗措施中的研究进展

玫瑰痤疮是一种慢性炎症性皮肤病,其发病机制尚未完全明确,目前研究表明可能与遗传因素、免疫紊乱及神经血管失调密切相关。近来国内外研究提示肥大细胞在玫瑰痤疮的发病中发挥重要作用。该研究就近期肥大细胞在玫瑰痤疮发病机制中的研究进展及其相关治疗方法进行总结,以期为今后深入探究玫瑰痤疮发病机制及进一步的临床研究提供参考。

不同采收期对轮台白杏果实品质及代谢物的影响

为探究不同采收期对轮台白杏果实品质和代谢物的影响,对轮台白杏不同采收期(S1~S6)果实的品质进行了测定,同时采用广泛靶向代谢组学技术对不同采收期果实中代谢物进行了研究。结果表明,随着果实的成熟,果实单果重、可溶性固形物、可溶性总糖、色泽指数、pH值不断上升,而果实硬度、可滴定总酸呈现出逐渐下降的变化趋势。维生素C含量呈现出先上升再下降的变化趋势,在S3时达到最大值。在6个不同采收期果实中鉴定出867种代谢物,包括黄酮类、脂质类、木脂素和香豆素类类、生物碱类、萜类、鞣质类、其他类(包含糖类、醇类及维生素)、酚酸类、氨基酸及其衍生物、有机酸、核苷酸及其衍生物、甾体等12大类,其中黄酮类物质数量最多,为191种,占总代谢物的22%。通过对差异较大代谢物进行分析,糖类物质、有机酸、黄酮类和氨基酸及其衍生物是造成不同采收期轮台白杏果实口感、风味差异的根本原因。研究结果表明,S3和S4时期为轮台白杏的最佳采收期。

5-氨基酮戊酸-光动力联合小剂量异维A酸治疗玫瑰痤疮的疗效及安全性研究

目的:探讨5-氨基酮戊酸(ALA)-光动力(PDT)联合小剂量异维A酸治疗玫瑰痤疮(AR)的疗效及安全性。方法:选取2022年1月至2023年1月新疆医科大学第二附属医院收治的AR患者86例,采用随机数字表法分为联合组和对照组,各43例。对照组患者采用小剂量异维A酸治疗,联合组患者采用ALA-PDT联合小剂量异维A酸治疗。比较两组患者的临床疗效,治疗前后皮肤红斑指数(EI)、痤疮特异性生活质量量表(Acne-QOL)评分、皮肤生理功能[经皮水分流失量(TEWL)、角质层含水量和pH]、角质层完整性指标(丝氨酸蛋白酶活性、粘脱蛋白质含量)及不良反应发生情况。结果:联合组患者的总有效率为95.35%(41/43),较对照组的79.07%(34/43)更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,联合组患者的EI低于对照组,Acne-QOL评分高于对照组;联合组患者的TEWL、pH低于对照组,角质层含水量高于对照组;联合组患者的丝氨酸蛋白酶活性、粘脱蛋白质含量低于对照组,上述差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。联合组、对照组患者不良反应发生率分别为9.30%(4/43)、11.63%(5/43),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:ALA-PDT联合小剂量异维A酸治疗AR,可修复患者皮肤屏障功能,改善EI,提高生活质量,疗效显著,安全性高。

许铣教授中西医结合治疗玫瑰痤疮的临证经验

许铣教授从事皮肤科临床、科研工作60余年,中西医结合治疗玫瑰痤疮经验丰富。许铣教授认为,肝郁血热、脾胃湿热为玫瑰痤疮的核心病机。治疗应以中药内服为主,结合疾病分型分期辨证论治,红斑与毛细血管扩张期的基本病因病机为肝失疏泄,郁而化热,基本治法为凉血疏肝兼以养阴清热;丘疹脓疱期主要以脾胃运化失司、脾胃湿热为主,治法为清热燥湿、解毒散结。病程日久者往往合并血瘀和湿热。外治中药常选择具有清热凉血、燥湿、解毒之药效及抑菌、控脂之药理作用的中药。同时,可以根据疾病的临床表现选用西药辅助治疗,临床疗效显著,附验案1例加以佐证。

不同覆盖材料对红梅杏园土壤温度日变化的影响

为了探明不同材料覆盖对红梅杏园土壤温度时空变化的特征,设置覆盖锯末、麦草、白膜和黑膜四个覆盖处理,以常规栽培为对照,探析红梅杏园土壤温度的时空变化。结果表明,土壤温度日变化、空气温度日变化、太阳辐射日变化均呈单峰曲线形式变化,都随太阳高度角增大而增大,随太阳高度角减小而减小,只是到达高峰时间不同,到达高峰时间由早到晚依次为太阳辐射、土壤温度、空气温度;土壤不同深度土层温度曲线变化规律相同,也呈单峰型变化,但变化幅度随土壤深度增加而减小,土壤最高温度和最低温度出现时间随土壤深度增加而延后;覆盖地膜对提升土壤温度作用明显,提升效果达到13%~74%,尤其是覆盖白膜,各层土壤温度较对照高5.4~13.5℃。覆盖麦草和锯末土壤平均温度较对照低0.2~12℃,土壤温度达到一日内最低温时,浅层土壤温度较对照高0.3~3.1℃。说明覆盖地膜有利于土壤热量的积累,高温时覆盖锯末和麦草能缓冲地温剧烈变化,低温时能起到保温作用。