A 32-channel wavelength division multiplexer with 100 GHz spacing is designed and fabricated by interleaving two silicon arrayed waveguide gratings(AWGs).It has a parallel structure consisting of two silicon 16-channe...A 32-channel wavelength division multiplexer with 100 GHz spacing is designed and fabricated by interleaving two silicon arrayed waveguide gratings(AWGs).It has a parallel structure consisting of two silicon 16-channel AWGs with200 GHz spacing and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer(MZI)with 200 GHz free spectral range.The 16 channels of one silicon AWG are interleaved with those of the other AWG in spectrum,but with an identical spacing of 200 GHz.For the composed wavelength division multiplexer,the experiment results reveal 32 wavelength channels in C-band,a wavelength spacing of 100 GHz,and a channel crosstalk lower than-15 dB.展开更多
In wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems, an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) multiplexer is a key component. A polymeric AWG multiplexer has recently attracted much attention due to its low cost processing an...In wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems, an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) multiplexer is a key component. A polymeric AWG multiplexer has recently attracted much attention due to its low cost processing and a potential of integration with other devices. Fluorinated poly (ether ether ketone) (FPEEK) is excellent material for fabrication of optical waveguides due to its low absorption loss at 1.55-μm wavelength and high thermal stability. A 32-channel AWG multiplexer has been designed based on the grating diffraction theory and fabricated using newly synthesized FPEEK. During the fabrication process of the Polymer/Si AWG device, spin coating, vaporizing, photolithographic patterning and reactive ion etching (RIE) are used. The AWG multiplexer measurement system is based on a tunable semiconductor laser, infrared camera and a Peltier-type heater. The device exhibits a wavelength channel spacing of 0.8 nm and a center wavelength of 1548 nm in the room temperature.展开更多
We have characterized polarization dependent loss(PDL), differential group delay(DGD), and chromatic dispersion of an AWG and a simple method was proposed to estimate the chromatic dispersion from the measured DGD of ...We have characterized polarization dependent loss(PDL), differential group delay(DGD), and chromatic dispersion of an AWG and a simple method was proposed to estimate the chromatic dispersion from the measured DGD of the device.展开更多
In this Letter,we demonstrate a 1×4 low-crosstalk silicon photonics cascaded arrayed waveguide grating,which is fabricated on a silicon-on-insulator wafer with a 220-nm-thick top silicon layer and a 2μm buried o...In this Letter,we demonstrate a 1×4 low-crosstalk silicon photonics cascaded arrayed waveguide grating,which is fabricated on a silicon-on-insulator wafer with a 220-nm-thick top silicon layer and a 2μm buried oxide layer.The measured on-chip transmission loss of this cascaded arrayed waveguide grating is~4.0 dB,and the fiber-towaveguide coupling loss is 1.8 dB/facet.The measured channel spacing is 6.4 nm.The adjacent crosstalk by characterization is very low,only -33.2 dB.Compared to the normal single silicon photonics arrayed waveguide grating with a crosstalk of ~-12.5 dB,the crosstalk of more than 20 dB is dramatically improved in this cascaded device.展开更多
The silicon-based arrayed waveguide grating(AWG)is widely used due to its compact footprint and its compatibility with the mature CMOS process.However,except for AWGs with ridged waveguides of a few micrometers of cro...The silicon-based arrayed waveguide grating(AWG)is widely used due to its compact footprint and its compatibility with the mature CMOS process.However,except for AWGs with ridged waveguides of a few micrometers of cross section,any small process error will cause a large phase deviation in other AWGs,resulting in an increasing cross talk.In this paper,an ultralow cross talk AWG via a tunable microring resonator(MRR)filter is demonstrated on the SOI platform.The measured insertion loss and minimum adjacent cross talk of the designed AWG are approximately 3.2 and-45.1 d B,respectively.Compared with conventional AWG,its cross talk is greatly reduced.展开更多
An optical network is a type of data communication network built with optical fibre technology. It utilizes optical fibre cables as the primary communication medium for converting data and passing data as light pulses...An optical network is a type of data communication network built with optical fibre technology. It utilizes optical fibre cables as the primary communication medium for converting data and passing data as light pulses between sender and receiver nodes. The major issue in optical networking is disjoints that occur in the network. A polynomial time algorithm Wavelength Division Multiplexing-Passive Optical Networking (WDM-PON) computes disjoints of an optical network and reduces the count of disjoints that occur in the network by separating Optical Network Units (ONU) into several virtual point-to-point connections. The Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG) filter is included in WDM-PON to avoid the traffic in the network thereby increasing the bandwidth capacity. In case of a failure or disjoint Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm is used to find the optimized shortest path for re-routing. For enhanced security, modified Rivert Shamir Adleman (RSA) algorithm encrypts the message during communication between the nodes. The efficiency is found to be improved in terms of delay in packet delivery, longer optical reach, optimized shortest path, packet error rate.展开更多
Two array waveguide grating (AWGs) based fiber ring lasers are experimentally demonstrated. Either of them achieves wavelength discrete tuning of 32 nm, or yields simultaneously lasing up to four channels with -7 dBm ...Two array waveguide grating (AWGs) based fiber ring lasers are experimentally demonstrated. Either of them achieves wavelength discrete tuning of 32 nm, or yields simultaneously lasing up to four channels with -7 dBm output power for each channel.展开更多
Miniaturized fiber-Bragg-grating(FBG)interrogators are of interest for applications in the areas where weight and size controlling is important,e.g.,airplanes and aerospace or in-situ monitoring.An ultra-compact high-...Miniaturized fiber-Bragg-grating(FBG)interrogators are of interest for applications in the areas where weight and size controlling is important,e.g.,airplanes and aerospace or in-situ monitoring.An ultra-compact high-precision on-chip interrogator is proposed based on a tailored arrayed waveguide grating(AWG)on a silicon-on-insulator(SOI)platform.The on-chip interrogator enables continuous wavelength interrogation from 1544 nm to 1568 nm with the wavelength accuracy of less than 1 pm[the root-mean-square error(RMSE)is 0.73 pm]over the whole wavelength range.The chip loss is less than 5 dB.The 1×16 AWG is optimized to achieve a large bandwidth and a low noise level at each channel,and the FBG reflection peaks can be detected by multiple output channels of the AWG.The fabricated AWG is utilized to interrogate FBG sensors through the center of gravity(CoG)algorithm.The validation of an on-chip FBG interrogator that works with sub-picometer wavelength accuracy in a broad wavelength range shows large potential for applications in miniaturized fiber optic sensing systems.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2019YFB2203600)。
文摘A 32-channel wavelength division multiplexer with 100 GHz spacing is designed and fabricated by interleaving two silicon arrayed waveguide gratings(AWGs).It has a parallel structure consisting of two silicon 16-channel AWGs with200 GHz spacing and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer(MZI)with 200 GHz free spectral range.The 16 channels of one silicon AWG are interleaved with those of the other AWG in spectrum,but with an identical spacing of 200 GHz.For the composed wavelength division multiplexer,the experiment results reveal 32 wavelength channels in C-band,a wavelength spacing of 100 GHz,and a channel crosstalk lower than-15 dB.
基金This work was financially supported by the Science & Technology Council of China (No. TG2000036602 and 2001AA312160)
文摘In wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems, an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) multiplexer is a key component. A polymeric AWG multiplexer has recently attracted much attention due to its low cost processing and a potential of integration with other devices. Fluorinated poly (ether ether ketone) (FPEEK) is excellent material for fabrication of optical waveguides due to its low absorption loss at 1.55-μm wavelength and high thermal stability. A 32-channel AWG multiplexer has been designed based on the grating diffraction theory and fabricated using newly synthesized FPEEK. During the fabrication process of the Polymer/Si AWG device, spin coating, vaporizing, photolithographic patterning and reactive ion etching (RIE) are used. The AWG multiplexer measurement system is based on a tunable semiconductor laser, infrared camera and a Peltier-type heater. The device exhibits a wavelength channel spacing of 0.8 nm and a center wavelength of 1548 nm in the room temperature.
文摘We have characterized polarization dependent loss(PDL), differential group delay(DGD), and chromatic dispersion of an AWG and a simple method was proposed to estimate the chromatic dispersion from the measured DGD of the device.
基金partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.61674072,61565011,and 51304097
文摘In this Letter,we demonstrate a 1×4 low-crosstalk silicon photonics cascaded arrayed waveguide grating,which is fabricated on a silicon-on-insulator wafer with a 220-nm-thick top silicon layer and a 2μm buried oxide layer.The measured on-chip transmission loss of this cascaded arrayed waveguide grating is~4.0 dB,and the fiber-towaveguide coupling loss is 1.8 dB/facet.The measured channel spacing is 6.4 nm.The adjacent crosstalk by characterization is very low,only -33.2 dB.Compared to the normal single silicon photonics arrayed waveguide grating with a crosstalk of ~-12.5 dB,the crosstalk of more than 20 dB is dramatically improved in this cascaded device.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFB2200500)the Yunnan Provincial Foundation Program(No.202201AT070202)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62065010)。
文摘The silicon-based arrayed waveguide grating(AWG)is widely used due to its compact footprint and its compatibility with the mature CMOS process.However,except for AWGs with ridged waveguides of a few micrometers of cross section,any small process error will cause a large phase deviation in other AWGs,resulting in an increasing cross talk.In this paper,an ultralow cross talk AWG via a tunable microring resonator(MRR)filter is demonstrated on the SOI platform.The measured insertion loss and minimum adjacent cross talk of the designed AWG are approximately 3.2 and-45.1 d B,respectively.Compared with conventional AWG,its cross talk is greatly reduced.
文摘An optical network is a type of data communication network built with optical fibre technology. It utilizes optical fibre cables as the primary communication medium for converting data and passing data as light pulses between sender and receiver nodes. The major issue in optical networking is disjoints that occur in the network. A polynomial time algorithm Wavelength Division Multiplexing-Passive Optical Networking (WDM-PON) computes disjoints of an optical network and reduces the count of disjoints that occur in the network by separating Optical Network Units (ONU) into several virtual point-to-point connections. The Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG) filter is included in WDM-PON to avoid the traffic in the network thereby increasing the bandwidth capacity. In case of a failure or disjoint Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm is used to find the optimized shortest path for re-routing. For enhanced security, modified Rivert Shamir Adleman (RSA) algorithm encrypts the message during communication between the nodes. The efficiency is found to be improved in terms of delay in packet delivery, longer optical reach, optimized shortest path, packet error rate.
文摘Two array waveguide grating (AWGs) based fiber ring lasers are experimentally demonstrated. Either of them achieves wavelength discrete tuning of 32 nm, or yields simultaneously lasing up to four channels with -7 dBm output power for each channel.
基金This work wasssupported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62020106002 and 61735017)Innovation Project of Zhejiang Laboratory(Grant No.2021MG0AL01)+2 种基金the Youth Foundation of Zhejiang Laboratory(Grant No.2020MC0AA08)Major Scientific Research Project of Zhejiang Laboratory(Grant No.2019MC0AD02)National Key Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2021YFC2401403).
文摘Miniaturized fiber-Bragg-grating(FBG)interrogators are of interest for applications in the areas where weight and size controlling is important,e.g.,airplanes and aerospace or in-situ monitoring.An ultra-compact high-precision on-chip interrogator is proposed based on a tailored arrayed waveguide grating(AWG)on a silicon-on-insulator(SOI)platform.The on-chip interrogator enables continuous wavelength interrogation from 1544 nm to 1568 nm with the wavelength accuracy of less than 1 pm[the root-mean-square error(RMSE)is 0.73 pm]over the whole wavelength range.The chip loss is less than 5 dB.The 1×16 AWG is optimized to achieve a large bandwidth and a low noise level at each channel,and the FBG reflection peaks can be detected by multiple output channels of the AWG.The fabricated AWG is utilized to interrogate FBG sensors through the center of gravity(CoG)algorithm.The validation of an on-chip FBG interrogator that works with sub-picometer wavelength accuracy in a broad wavelength range shows large potential for applications in miniaturized fiber optic sensing systems.