A language to analyze, describe, and explore collections of visual art

A vast quantity of art in existence today is inaccessible to individuals.If people want to know the different types of art that exist,how individual works are connected,and how works of art are interpreted and discussed in the context of other works,they must utilize means other than simply viewing the art.Therefore,this paper proposes a language to analyze,describe,and explore collections of visual art(LadeCA).LadeCA combines human interpretation and automatic analyses of images,allowing users to assess collections of visual art without viewing every image in them.This paper focuses on the lexical base of LadeCA.It also outlines how collections of visual art can be analyzed,described,and explored using a LadeCA vocabulary.Additionally,the relationship between LadeCA and indexing systems,such as ICONCLASS or AAT,is demonstrated,and ways in which LadeCA and indexing systems can complement each other are highlighted.

A Baseline Studies on the Nutritional Interplay between HIV Drugs and Kidney, Liver and Heart Indices in Patients Receiving HIV Treatment in North-East Nigeria

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) patients on Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) have shown impressive improvement and death rates have drastically reduced, even though complications still exist. This research carried out a baseline study to determine the nutritional interplay between HIV-drugs and kidney, liver, and heart indices among subjects undergoing HIV treatment and attending the Medical Out-Patient Department of a Federal Medical Center in the North-Eastern part of Nigeria, using a sample size of 50 individuals both male and female, who have been shown to be HIV positive and have been on ART for over 12 months. Anthropometric data was collected in triplicate, two from patients’ file, and one was measured directly and the average was obtained. The electrolytes were determined by the colorimetric method while total protein and albumin in blood concentration were determined by spectrophotometric method, but globulin and A/G ratio were determined by calculation. TC was determined using Spectrophotometric method while HDL was determined after precipitation of LDL with phosphotungstate and magnesium were calculated from Friedwaldís formular, and TG was measured using the colorimetric enzymatic method. The results showed that the mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure which were 119.9 mmHg ± 17.5, and 76. 6 mmHg ± 10.1 respectively, were with the range of the reference values. The mean body mass index was 25.1 ± 4.9;also within range of the reference value. Major indices from the liver function test were mean ALT which was 36.5 ± 29.4 with a reference value of 7 - 55 U/L;AST was 40.0 ± 32.3, with a reference value of 8 - 48 U/L. The mean value for albumin was 4.6 ± 7.1 with a reference range of 3.5 - 5.0 g/dl, these values also were within the reference range values. The electrolyte test showed all other electrolytes to be within the reference range values except for Zinc which was 19.5 μmol/L, with a normal range of 70 - 100 μmol/L and magnesium which was found to be 0.7 mEq/L, with a normal range of 1.5 - 2.0 mEq/L;Zinc and magnesium play vital roles in over 300 enzymatic reactions, and are known to be important in the immune response. Shortfalls in these minerals could compromise the patients’ recovery process and place them at risk of hearts conditions such as arrhythmia or heart attack among many other conditions. There is a need for an immediate review of these treatments in the direction of Zinc and magnesium, either by supplementation or by diet therapy. HIV patients undergoing ART should be placed under strict Zinc and magnesium-rich diet to avert untimely death among these patients. The controlled study should be done to ascertain the best approach to quell the residue of malnutrition in these patients in order to further improve their nutritional status.

CD4+ T-Cell Count, Serum Zinc, Copper and Selenium Levels in HIV Sero-Positive Subjects on ART and ART Naïve Subjects in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Background: HIV infection results in depletion of immunocompetent cells such as CD4+ T-cells. Trace elements such as Copper, Zinc and selenium are known to be involved in immune function. In recent times, HIV-positive patients are treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART), with significant progress. This study was aimed at evaluating CD4+ T-cells levels, serum Copper, Zinc and Selenium levels in HIV seropositive subjects on ART and ART naive subjects (HIV positive subjects that have not started ART treatment) in Rivers State, Nigeria. Methods: 150 subjects aged 20 to 79 years were recruited after informed consent. 70 subjects were HIV-positive on ART, 30 subjects were HIV-positive ART naïve subjects, while 50 subjects were apparently healthy subjects. Ten (10) milliliters of blood was collected using a standard venipuncture technique from each subject for the analysis of CD4 T-cells using BD fluorescent activated cell sorter (FACSC count), serum Copper and Zinc were analyzed colorimetrically using semi auto-analyzer WP 21E, while selenium was analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer ELICO, SL173. Data generated were analyzed using Graph-Pad Prism version 8.0.2 and p Result: This study revealed a significant reduction in mean zinc, selenium and CD4+ T-cell level respectively (p = 0.0006;0.0001;0.0001) in HIV-Positive subjects on ART and ART naive. There was also a significant increase in mean serum copper level in the HIV-positive subject as compared to control subjects (p = 0.0001). ART treatment improved the CD4+ T cell count and serum levels of selenium and zinc;however, ART did not correct the imbalance. Furthermore, female subjects on ART have a significantly higher CD4+ T-cell count than the males (p Conclusion: Selenium and Zinc deficiency are associated with HIV disease despite the role of ART hence micronutrient supplementation is advised for HIV-positive subjects on ART.

Current progress of China’s free ART program

China’s Free ART Program was initiated in 2002 as an emergency response to save and improve the lives of AIDS patients living mainly in impoverished rural regions of central China. With little experience in HIV/AIDS treatment and care and resource limitations, China’s efforts to provide widespread access to free antiretroviral therapy has been a process fraught with difficulty. However, the Free ART Program is progressing from an emergency response to a standardized treatment and care system. The development of national guidelines, training programs, a laboratory sup- port network, a national patient database, programs for special populations such as children and patients living with co- infections, and operational research has improved the scope and quality of the free treatment program. As of June 30, 2005, a total of 19,456 patients in 28 provinces, autonomous regions, and special municipalities had received free ART. Challenges stemming from the nature of China’s health system and patient population persist, but with strong govern- ment support and a diverse set of resources, China has the capacity to overcome these challenges and to provide nationwide access to high quality treatment and care.

Environmental influence in the forested area toward human health: incorporating the ecological environment into art psychotherapy

This study on the development of a psychotherapy program based on the relationship between forests and human health focused on actively considering the natural ecological environment. This study categorized and compared an art psychotherapy program that simply moved to an outdoor space and a forest-art therapy program that actively utilized the forest environment as a medium. The characteristics of the natural environment, such as openness, change, and diversity, shortened the amount of time participants took to develop a rapport and open up and played a vital role in recovering mental health. After a bold attempt at integrating forest environment and art psychotherapy by going beyond outdoor art therapy, there were significant results pertaining to improvements in mental disorders in today’s society, including stress vulnerabilities, depression, anxiety, and aggression. The research results verified that the developed forest-art therapy method had greater efficacy in relation to both the Stress Vulnerability-Interpersonal Sensitivity Scale and the Stress Vulnerability-Self-Regulation Scale.

内置Chrom-Art图形加速器的GUI架构设计

STM32F4x9系列微控制器内置Chrom-Art图形加速器,能够快速地对位图数据进行复制、格式转换、颜色混合等操作。为了在STM32上实现更好的人机交互体验,针对该功能,提出一种基于智能区域的嵌入式GUI架构,并使用ANSI C语言设计实现,通过该架构可以方便地设计出美观而生动的人机操作界面。实验证明,该图形架构具有轻便、高效、灵活等优点,具有一定的实际应用价值。

ART与实施中的人性关怀

辅助生殖技术(Assisted Reproduction Technique,ART)给人类不孕不育者带来福音,也存在滥用,本文探讨了ART对爱情、婚姻、家庭、社会的影响;强调实施ART必须根据国家有关规定并符合伦理道德要求,严格掌握适应症;在实施过程中,应倡导人性关怀,追求性别平等;要建立良好的医患合作关系,促进ART的健康发展。

比克恩丙诺片与一线ART抗病毒治疗HIV/AIDS的效果评价

目的探讨比克恩丙诺片与一线ART抗病毒治疗人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)/获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)的效果评价。方法前瞻性选取2020年3月至2022年3月在广西来宾市人民医院诊治的82例HIV/AIDS患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将其分为观察组与对照组,每组各41例。观察组给予比克恩丙诺片治疗,对照组给予一线ART抗病毒治疗。比较两组患者的T淋巴细胞亚群(CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)CD45RA^(+))、HIV RNA定量、白细胞介素(IL)-17、IL-23、免疫重建成功率及不良反应发生率。结果治疗后,两组CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)CD45RA^(+)均较治疗前明显升高,且观察组CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)CD45RA^(+)均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组HIV RNA定量较治疗前明显降低,且观察组的HIV RNA定量低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组的IL-17、IL-23水平均较治疗前升高,且观察组的IL-17、IL-23水平均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组免疫重建成功率为73.17%,高于对照组(51.22%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组不良反应总发生率为7.32%,低于对照组(24.39%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论比克恩丙诺片治疗HIV/AIDS效果优于一线ART抗病毒,不仅能更好地调整患者机体免疫,并且能降低HIV RNA定量,且安全性高,无严重不良反应。

Visual Translations： Medicine, Art, China and the West

In the history of medicine, relatively little attention has been paid to the way medical illustration circulated globally---or to the issues raised by the cultural ＂translation＂ of such images. My goal here is to flesh out some of the history of this circulation and translation by exploring the aesthetic and medical connections be- tween two specific anatomical collections, both housed at the Gordon Pathology Museum at Guy＇s Hospital, London. The Joseph Towne collection of anatomical waxes and the Lam Qua paintings of the patients of medical missionary Peter Parker were both produced in the nineteenth century. Significantly, the two collections were part of related but culturally specific shifts in the way bodies （and diseased bodies） were viewed, represented, understood and treated. I explore some of the convergences and divergences between Western and Chinese medical and artistic priorities and will address some of the issues raised by them. These two collections are important, I argue, because they demonstrate how aesthetic considerations shape medical knowledge and wider attitudes about the human body.

Liberal Arts与Humanities的区别:概念史的考察

"博雅学艺"(liberal arts)与"文科"(humanities)是西方教育史上两个核心的概念。在中文学界,liberal arts常常被翻译为"人文学科"或"文科",这在一定程度上混淆了两者的关系。文艺复兴之后,liberal arts和humanities之间的区别越来越大,自始至终,liberal arts囊括了两种性质截然不同的知识,其一是体现敏感性精神的文法、修辞、诗歌,其二是体现几何学精神的算术、几何、天文学,等等,而自文艺复兴之后,人文学的概念已经将数学彻底排除在外。

HIV-TB合并感染患者ART治疗时机对治疗结局影响的Meta分析

目的 探索艾滋病病毒-结核病(HIV-TB)合并感染患者抗逆转录病毒治疗(ART)启动时机对全因死亡率、免疫重建炎症综合征(IRIS)发生率和治疗成功率的影响。方法 检索知网、万方、维普、EMbase、Medline和PubMed共6个数据库,收集2012年1月至2021年12月发表的关于ART启动时间对HIV-TB合并感染患者治疗结局影响的相关队列研究。由2名研究者独立检索文献,3名研究者独立进行文献筛选,2名研究者独立对纳入文献进行质量评价,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入24项队列研究,16 608例患者。Meta分析结果显示:①ATT之前启动ART和之后启动(95%CI:0.98~1.92)、启动≤4周和>4周(95%CI:0.56~2.20)、启动≤8周和>8周(95%CI:0.51~1.34)患者死亡率差异无统计学意义,ART启动≤2周比>2周患者死亡率高(95%CI:1.01~1.80);②ATT之前和之后启动ART(95%CI:0.33~1.55)、启动≤8周和>8周(95%CI:0.84~10.96)患者的IRIS发生率无统计学差异;③ATT之前启动ART比之后启动的治疗成功率低(95%CI:0.90~0.97)。结论 ATT之前启动ART比之后启动ART时患者的死亡率高,治疗成功率低,ATT后不同时机启动ART其死亡率也存在较大差异,而与IRSI发生率无关。受纳入研究数量和质量的限制,上述结论尚待更多高质量研究予以验证。

AIGC技术冲击下外语人才培养的破壁与升级

以ChatGPT为代表的生成式人工智能(AIGC)技术的飞速发展,引爆新一轮人工智能革命,同时也使教育领域面临前所未有的变革。本文旨在探讨破解人工智能时代外语学科发展和人才培养困境的方法和路径。文章基于技术的社会建构论和人机协作教育理论,阐释如何在人工智能(AI)时代和“新文科”建设背景下以AI赋能,实现外语人才培养的破壁与升级。文章提出AI时代外语人才培养新路径,包括拓展立德树人途径、加快构建多元课程体系、创新交叉融合型跨学科课程群、重构教学环境、开辟人机协作式教育模式、智能化评价方式,以培养跨学科、跨领域、懂AI的复合型外语人才。文章强调外语界亟须主动求变,从工业化模式向智能化模式转型,既要坚守立德树人的根本任务,又要调整人才培养的重心与方式,形成“师—机—生”三元协同的育人新生态。

人工智能时代数字人文方法的革命性运用——艺术生成与传播的时代问题与挑战

数字人文方法曾长期隐而不显地被运用于艺术人文领域;在人工智能时代,数字人文方法以其革命性开始呈现为一种“显学”,其表征包括人工智能在艺术价值评估、艺术教育创新、文化传承与交流甚至艺术生产等方面大范围显现其充沛能量,以及“数字艺术史”在研究视域中的革新。基于深度学习,机器智能模型以高效、精确的艺术大数据挖掘,对艺术生成、艺术传播的当代场景予以持续创新。然而,在积极拥抱人工智能新技术的同时,数字人文也应在对人文关怀传统的坚守中重构其“人文”和“数字”的平衡。

立足中国,面向世界:新文科建设理论研究回顾与展望

新文科建设恰逢全面推进中国式现代化的新征程,肩负着建构中国自主知识体系与人才自主培养体系的重大使命,迄今已经走过五年历程。五年来,新文科建设理论研究正在经历一个从概念理念的厘清建构到实践落地、经验凝练、模式形成的发展过程。在此基础上,本文从新文科建设理论研究进展(2018—2023)和文科创新发展海外研究动态(1980—2023)两个维度分别进行历时分析与重点解读。展望未来,新文科建设理论研究应融入时代,发出新文科建设的中国之声;以世界为参照,建构文科教育现代化的中国学派;以强国建设为目标,加快文科理论创新与实践应用。

高校开展数字人文教育现状研究与启示

跨学科融合是当前高校数字人文教育发展的特色,有利于促进新文科发展。文章采用网络调查法、文献分析法,以我国6所高校数字人文教育情况为例,从院系、数字人文中心、图书馆等层面对高校数字人文教育服务体系的课程开设、数字工具应用、数字人文项目建设情况等进行调研,分析服务现状和问题。高校在开展数字人文服务时,应以用户需求为核心设计多元化的教育内容、以服务能力为核心提升数字人文馆员素养、以交互平台为依托优化数字人文服务模式。

自然地理学与人文地理学深度融合:地理学革新的枢纽

文章针对地理学现状,提出自然地理学与人文地理学深度融合,其含意不止这两分支学科的知识融合,更重要的是从中萃取文理融合思维。而文理融合思维成为地理学创新的枢纽,在3个方面展示了其独特的魅力:地理学新定位为本体文理交叉的基础应用学科;树立本体文理交叉科学观提升地理学人的学术素养,创新地理学高等教育意在培养新型的文理思维融合的地理学人才,三方面革新主要植根于自然地理学和人文地理学的深度融合。由此地理学成为一个包括解决国民经济和社会发展在内许多问题无法替代的学科,以独特的魅力学科挺立于科学之林。

新文科视野下人文学科人才培养向度及学术评价

新文科已成为当下高校教师尤其是“双一流”建设高校教师谈论最多的话题之一,但人们对新文科含义的理解仍存在较大的差异。文章基于作者先期的研究,对中国大学的新文科的四个特征作了进一步阐释。国际性、跨学科性、前沿性和理论性是中国高校新文科与传统文科有所区别的地方,新文科的建设,应由国内和国际顶尖的人才来引领。此外,新文科建设的高质量要求及其背景下学术成果的多维性必将推动学术评价体系的改革,其中也包括对人才的评价。一门学科是否堪称一流,首先要看该学科有无一流人才领衔并充当重要的学术骨干,由一流人才组成的强大学术团队是产出一流的科研成果的保障。之于人文学科,顶尖领军人才的作用是相当重要的。当然,对人文学科的评价与对理工科的评价应有所不同,不应片面地追求量化,而更应该在量化的基础上由本学科的同行对之作出定性的评价。总之,在推进中国式现代化建设中,文化建设至关重要,在这方面,新文科视域下培养的人文学科国际化人才将发挥独特的作用。

新文科建设背景下比较文学的边界、跨界与界域融合

当今学界对新文科的讨论方兴未艾,目前学界的讨论大多集中在对新文科提出的背景、要义及具体展开路径等方面,总体说来略显宽泛,与具体学科的深度融合明显乏力。在新文科建设背景下,当代比较文学研究出现了跨界融合的新特点,在学科内部呈现出与翻译学、伦理学、地理学、生态学、法律学、植物学等学科的交叉融合,这无疑拓展了比较文学的研究边界并丰富了当代比较文学的研究领域,也形成了新的学术创新生长点。从新文科视域重新审视比较文学学科,发现其与其他学科领域的交叉和融合已经成为当代比较文学的重要特色。一些新的命题、研究领域的出现,拓展了比较文学学科原有的学科边界并形成学科内部及外部的深度融合。同时,一些新兴的研究范式开始呈现,如借助地理信息系统和全球定位系统等促使文学与地理之间的跨学科融合,利用大型数据库对传统文论的重要概念和流传路径进行深入研究,在中外卷帙浩繁的文献中厘清术语的渊源及跨国流传与变异研究等。在新文科建设背景下,比较文学的传统边界发生了变化,在研究方法、内容与范畴上形成了新的跨界研究及界域融合的特点。

中国数字法学研究的奠基与深拓(2018-2023)

从研究热度、人员规模以及成果产出看,数字法学已成为当前我国法学研究的热点,并从基本范畴、基础理论、司法实践、学科建设等方面,促进了现代法学的全方位革新。理论上,数字法学从法理学和部门法两方面,提出和构建了法学新问题、新理念、新价值和新方法;实践中,数字法学秉持新文科建设要求,高度重视数字技术在法的运行全过程中的运用,努力构建新兴交叉学科。当下,我国数字法学研究具有理论的横断性、内容的创新性、方法的交叉性和视域的国际性等特征,但也存在两方面的不足:因忽视法学基础理论与范畴而招致“制造学术泡沫”批判,交叉研究有待深入融合各学科话语体系。当下的数字法学研究呈现出明显的“三阶段”特征,为助力数字法学研究实现阶段跃升,应继续重视法学基础问题研究,以实现科学创新,从实践立场发掘数字法学的新问题与新对策,以及兼顾数字法学研究的立法立场和司法立场。

医学史教学的视觉转向

在视觉转向的影响之下,图像史作为艺术史、书籍史、技术史、科学史和医学史的交叉领域,已经逐渐形成独特的分析框架和方法。而图像在过去往往被作为化解严肃和无聊的点缀,本文结合具体案例探讨图像史所关注的问题和分析方法应用于医学史教学的可行性、实用性和特殊价值,从而为医学人文教学的改革提供资鉴。