The effects of temperature on population characteristics of Artemia parthenogenetica Gahai from the Gahai Salt Lake,Qinghai Province,China,were studied in the laboratory at a salinity of 60‰.The major conclusions are...The effects of temperature on population characteristics of Artemia parthenogenetica Gahai from the Gahai Salt Lake,Qinghai Province,China,were studied in the laboratory at a salinity of 60‰.The major conclusions are as follows:(1)It was found that the adaptive temperature for the development of brine shrimp ranged from 10℃to 39℃.The threshold temperature of development(TD)and the effective accumulative temperature(TA)for hatching were 9.94℃·d and(22.912.08)℃·d,respectively.The TD and TA for the larva were 10.33℃·d and(261.2624.1)℃·d,respectively,and for the whole generation were 10.28℃and(458.6857.60)℃·d,respectively.(2)It showed that the population’s net reproduction rate(R_(o)),the intrinsic rate of natural increase(r_(m)),the mean generation time(T),the finite rate of increase(λ),and the days for population to double(t)of the brine shrimp were determined over temperatures ranging from 19℃to 34℃by analyzing the life table and numerical model.In the temperature range of 14.3℃to 37.3℃for R_(o)>1,the optimum temperature(℃)for R_(o),rm,λ,and t were 25.8℃,29.8℃,30.5℃,and 29.02℃,respectively.The maximum values of R_(o),r_(m) andλwere 54.86 ind.,0.106138/d,and 1.1070/d,respectively.The minimum value of t was 4.73 d.The value of T was in a range of 96.77 to 16.10 d.(3)Based on the 1993-1994 and 1997 data of the water temperature in the Gahai Salt Lake,Qinghai Province,it was estimated that the number of generation of A.parthenogenetica Gahai and the number of the reproductive peak value were 2.670.34 and 4.690.43 in a year,respectively.The peak of nauplii of the first generation was on April 20 to 28.The last whole generation began on August 10.The first reproductive peak was on June 18 to 25.The last reproductive peak was on September 12 to 17.The nauplii that hatched after September 1 cannot complete the development from nauplii to adults because of insufficient habitat effective accumulative temperature.During the period from July 11 to September 20,there was a relatively high productivity of the population.In this case,doubling the population would take less than 30 d,and the intrinsic rate of natural increase was over 0.02/d.Therefore,the value of resource exploitation would be maximal during that period annually.展开更多
在实验室条件下,培养了一个采自青海尕海湖的孤雌生殖卤虫(Artemia parthenogenetica of Gahai)的克隆。该克隆包括3578个雌体和103个罕见雄体,在这些罕见雄体中发现二例雌雄嵌合体。其外部形态均表现为雄性,即具有正常的执握肢和外交接...在实验室条件下,培养了一个采自青海尕海湖的孤雌生殖卤虫(Artemia parthenogenetica of Gahai)的克隆。该克隆包括3578个雌体和103个罕见雄体,在这些罕见雄体中发现二例雌雄嵌合体。其外部形态均表现为雄性,即具有正常的执握肢和外交接器,但在其体左侧出现了正常形态特征的卵细胞,表明在这两个外表为雄性的卤虫中有卵巢存在,为雌雄嵌合体。展开更多
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.40573056 and 40531002)the Foundation of Open Laboratory of Saline Lakes Resources&Environment of The Ministry of Land and Resources PRC(No.KL05-10).
文摘The effects of temperature on population characteristics of Artemia parthenogenetica Gahai from the Gahai Salt Lake,Qinghai Province,China,were studied in the laboratory at a salinity of 60‰.The major conclusions are as follows:(1)It was found that the adaptive temperature for the development of brine shrimp ranged from 10℃to 39℃.The threshold temperature of development(TD)and the effective accumulative temperature(TA)for hatching were 9.94℃·d and(22.912.08)℃·d,respectively.The TD and TA for the larva were 10.33℃·d and(261.2624.1)℃·d,respectively,and for the whole generation were 10.28℃and(458.6857.60)℃·d,respectively.(2)It showed that the population’s net reproduction rate(R_(o)),the intrinsic rate of natural increase(r_(m)),the mean generation time(T),the finite rate of increase(λ),and the days for population to double(t)of the brine shrimp were determined over temperatures ranging from 19℃to 34℃by analyzing the life table and numerical model.In the temperature range of 14.3℃to 37.3℃for R_(o)>1,the optimum temperature(℃)for R_(o),rm,λ,and t were 25.8℃,29.8℃,30.5℃,and 29.02℃,respectively.The maximum values of R_(o),r_(m) andλwere 54.86 ind.,0.106138/d,and 1.1070/d,respectively.The minimum value of t was 4.73 d.The value of T was in a range of 96.77 to 16.10 d.(3)Based on the 1993-1994 and 1997 data of the water temperature in the Gahai Salt Lake,Qinghai Province,it was estimated that the number of generation of A.parthenogenetica Gahai and the number of the reproductive peak value were 2.670.34 and 4.690.43 in a year,respectively.The peak of nauplii of the first generation was on April 20 to 28.The last whole generation began on August 10.The first reproductive peak was on June 18 to 25.The last reproductive peak was on September 12 to 17.The nauplii that hatched after September 1 cannot complete the development from nauplii to adults because of insufficient habitat effective accumulative temperature.During the period from July 11 to September 20,there was a relatively high productivity of the population.In this case,doubling the population would take less than 30 d,and the intrinsic rate of natural increase was over 0.02/d.Therefore,the value of resource exploitation would be maximal during that period annually.
文摘在实验室条件下,培养了一个采自青海尕海湖的孤雌生殖卤虫(Artemia parthenogenetica of Gahai)的克隆。该克隆包括3578个雌体和103个罕见雄体,在这些罕见雄体中发现二例雌雄嵌合体。其外部形态均表现为雄性,即具有正常的执握肢和外交接器,但在其体左侧出现了正常形态特征的卵细胞,表明在这两个外表为雄性的卤虫中有卵巢存在,为雌雄嵌合体。
