Traditional Chinese medicine Master XIONG Jibo’s medication experience in treating arthralgia syndrome through data mining

Objective This study aimed to examine and propagate the medication experience and group formula of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)Master XIONG Jibo in diagnosing and treat-ing arthralgia syndrome(AS)through data mining.Methods Data of outpatient cases of Professor XIONG Jibo were collected from January 1,2014 to December 31,2018,along with cases recorded in A Real Famous Traditional Chinese Medicine Doctor:XIONG Jibo's Clinical Medical Record 1,which was published in December 2019.The five variables collected from the patients’data were TCM diagnostic information,TCM and western medicine diagnoses,syndrome,treatment,and prescription.A database was established for the collected data with Excel.Using the Python environment,a custom-ized modified natural language processing(NLP)model for the diagnosis and treatment of AS by Professor XIONG Jibo was established to preprocess the data and to analyze the word cloud.Frequency analysis,association rule analysis,cluster analysis,and visual analysis of AS cases were performed based on the Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Computing Platform(V3.0)and RStudio(V4.0.3).Results A total of 610 medical records of Professor XIONG Jibo were collected from the case database.A total of 103 medical records were included after data screening criteria,which comprised 187 times(45 kinds)of prescriptions and 1506 times(125 kinds)of Chinese herbs.The main related meridians were the liver,spleen,and kidney meridians.The properties of Chinese herbs used most were mainly warm,flat,and cold,while the flavors of herbs were mainly bitter,pungent,and sweet.The main patterns of AS included the damp heat,phlegm stasis,and neck arthralgia.The most commonly used herbs for AS were Chuanniuxi(Cyathu-lae Radix),Huangbo(Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex),Cangzhu(Atractylodis Rhizoma),Qinjiao(Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix),Gancao(Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma),Huangqi(Astragali Radix),and Chuanxiong(Chuanxiong Rhizoma).The most common effect of the herbs was“promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis”,followed by“supple-menting deficiency(Qi supplementing,blood supplementing,and Yang supplementing)”,and“dispelling wind and dampness”.The data were analyzed with the support≥15%and con-fidence=100%,and after de-duplication,five second-order association rules,39 third-order association rules,39 fourth-order association rules,and two fifth-order association rules were identified.The top-ranking association rules of each were“Cangzhu(Atractylodis Rhizoma)→Huangbo(Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex)”“Cangzhu(Atractylodis Rhizoma)+Chuanniuxi(Cyathulae Radix)→Huangbo(Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex)”“Chuanniuxi(Cyathulae Radix)+Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix)+Gancao(Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma)→Qinjiao(Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix)”and“Chuanniuxi(Cyathulae Radix)+Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix)+Gancao(Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma)+Huangbo(Phello-dendri Chinensis Cortex)→Qinjiao(Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix)”,respectively.Five clusters were obtained using cluster analysis of the top 30 herbs.The herbs were mainly dry-ing dampness,supplementing Qi,and promoting blood circulation.The main prescriptions of AS were Ermiao San(二妙散),Gegen Jianghuang San(葛根姜黄散),and Huangqi Chongteng Yin(黄芪虫藤饮).The herbs of core prescription included Cangzhu(Atractylodis Rhizoma),Chuanniuxi(Cyathulae Radix),Gancao(Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma),Huangbo(Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex),Mugua(Chaenomelis Fructus),Qinjiao(Gentianae Macro-phyllae Radix),Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix),and Yiyiren(Coicis Semen).Conclusion Clearing heat and dampness,relieving collaterals and pain,and invigorating Qi and blood are the most commonly used therapies for the treatment of AS by Professor XIONG Jibo.Additionally,customized NLP model could improve the efficiency of data mining in TCM.

Spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome:a review of potential pathogenesis and intervention

With the continuing progress in space exploration,a new and perplexing condition related to spaceflight ocular syndrome has emerged in the past four decades.National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA) has named this condition "spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome"(SANS).This article gives an overview of the current research about SANS and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) by analyzing the existing publications on Pub Med and CNKI and reports from NASA about SANS,summarizing the potential pathogenesis of SANS and physical interventions for treating SANS,and discussing the feasibility of treating SANS with TCM.Due to the unique characteristics of the space environment,it is infeasible to conduct large-scale human studies of SANS.SANS may be the result of the interaction of multiple factors,including inflammation and fluid displacement in the optic nerve sheath and cerebrospinal fluid.We should pay attention to SANS.Visual function is not only related to the health of astronauts but also closely related to space operations.TCM has antioxidative stress and antiapoptotic effects and is widely used for optic nerve diseases.TCM has great potential to prevent SANS.

A Discussion on TCM Treatment and the Pathogenesis of Membranous Nephropathy in Primary Nephrotic Syndrome

Objective:To investigate the TCM treatment principle of membranous nephropathy and its effect.Methods:A total of 56 patients were selected from the Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.They were then divided into the control group(western medicine standard therapy)and the study group(Qidi Gushen prescription),with 28 patients in each group.The treatment effect,treatment safety,and patients’satisfaction were observed and compared between the two groups.Results:The results showed that the treatment effect of the study group was 96.43%,which was significantly better compared with the control group(75.00%)(p<0.05);in terms of safety,the probability of adverse events was 7.14%in the study group and 32.14%in the control group,in which the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05);in addition,the study group’s satisfaction with the treatment measures was significantly higher than that of the control group(p<0.05).Conclusion:In treating membranous nephropathy,traditional Chinese medicine can be tailored to its pathogenesis,which is not only beneficial to the treatment effect,but also has a high safety profile.

Traditional Chinese Medicine nursing protocols for osteoarthrosis

Osteoarthritis(OA)is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide,and its prevalence increases with age.With the aggravated aging of population,OA has negatively impacted the people's physical and mental well-being.For the past few years,Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)has shown its predominant advantages in the treatment of OA.It can alleviate pain and improve clinical symptoms in patients with OA,but the standards for syndrome differentiation of OA remains inconclusive.This article primarily investigated the key points of common syndromes,TCM nursing methods and healthy guidance of OA,aiming at maintaining and developing the strengths of TCM,improving its efficacy and standardizing its behavior.

Post-infectious cough of different syndromes treated by traditional Chinese medicines:A review

The application of traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)has a history of more than 2000 years,which have the characteristics of multi-component,multi-target,and high safety.Post-infectious cough(PIC)is a respiratory disease with high incidence.It belongs to subacute cough and accounts for as much as40%–50%.Cough is the main clinical manifestation of PIC.PIC seriously affects people’s life quality because of complex etiology,long-term course of disease,treatment difficulties and other characteristics.Western medicines are based on the principle of symptomatic treatment,so they are often difficult to control PIC fundamentally.These factors could due to that PIC is prolonged and unable to heal repeatedly.TCMs have obvious advantages in treating PIC,with accurate curative effects,less side effects and adverse reactions and are effective in improving PIC-related symptoms and indicators,enhancing patients’life quality and reducing pain.TCMs,guided by holistic concept and syndrome differentiation,advocate determine treatment on the basis of pattern types,and have remarkable clinical treatment effects.As for TCMs etiology,pathogenesis and syndrome types of PIC,TCM scholars have not yet reached a unified standard.However,most of them think that wind pathogen can cause PIC alone,or it can be combined with other evils,which might be the main mechanism of PIC.This paper discusses the advantages and limitations of TCMs in PIC treatment from etiology,pathogenesis,distribution of syndrome types and treatment of TCMs.This article focuses on the treatment methods and pharmacodynamic material basis of wind pathogen,providing ideas in treating PIC of TCMs clinically and innovative drug development.

The Usage Evolution of Syndrome and the Production of the Term Differentiation of Syndromes in the Ancient Literature

Syndrome stood for disease name and symptom in the ancient medical literature prior to the Tang Dynasty.With the development of pathogenesis theory,the meaning pathogenesis of syndrome came into being and the term differentiation of syndromes came into existence in the Song,Jin and Yuan Dynasties,hence differentiation of syndromes gradually became a diagnostics term of differentiating pathogenesis.

慢性萎缩性胃炎的中医辨治思路与对策

慢性萎缩性胃炎(CAG)是临床上公认的胃癌前疾病,中医药治疗CAG具有明显的优势及鲜明的特色。从CAG病因病机等方面的研究入手,对中医药治疗CAG提出治本独取阳明,补虚泻实,顾护脾胃,升降气机,调气和血,祛瘀通络,祛邪解毒,甘平凉润,和胃护络的辨治思路与对策,以期进一步提高中医药治疗CAG的临床疗效。

王丹辉教授对痛风性关节炎病因病机的认识

从继承、整理老中医经验角度系统阐释王丹辉教授对痛风性关节炎病因病机的独特认识。王丹辉教授提出“湿热毒邪”病机贯穿疾病始终,湿热毒邪伤及肢体关节,致使经络痹阻,影响气血津液的输布,不通则痛,发为痹证,并指出痛风性关节炎在病理上日久必耗伤气血、累及脏腑,出现肝脾肾功能失调的表现。

基于“伏毒”理论探析颈动脉粥样硬化斑块发病机制与中医治疗

总结郑关毅教授基于“伏毒”理论辨析颈动脉粥样硬化斑块(颈动脉斑块)发病机制与中医治疗经验。通过分析伏毒与颈动脉斑块在致病危险因素、病因病机、病理基础、临床特点方面的相关性,认为脏腑功能亏虚或邪气蕴结不解,酿生痰、湿、浊、瘀、热等伏毒藏于机体,日久致脉络损伤而发为本病,具有隐伏、缠绵、暗耗、暴戾、杂合、多变等病理特性,发作时具有毒性猛烈、病情危重,或迁延反复难祛等临床特点。“伏毒损脉”是本病的根本原因与核心病机所在,病位在“脉”,并可累及“脑”。正虚毒聚-伏毒损脉-毒蚀脑窍3个阶段与颈动脉斑块的发生、发展过程具有一致性。提出扶正祛毒的总体治则,具体包括化痰、活血、养阴、清热、行气、导滞、通络、息风等治法,审证求因,荡涤伏毒。临证特别注重调补脾肾,通过益气健脾恢复中焦运化功能,以绝生痰之源;补肾填精以充五脏气血化生。常以香砂六君子汤、半夏白术天麻汤、血府逐瘀汤等为基础方加减,喜佐以红景天、红曲以健脾益气、消痰化瘀。若热毒炽盛,配伍清热解毒兼有活血功效的药物,如牡丹皮、赤芍、大血藤等;病久入络者,投以藤类或虫类通络化瘀之品,如鸡血藤、僵蚕、地龙、路路通等搜剔络脉伏毒。

基于气血通化探讨外敷膝骨关节炎用药规律

目的在气血通化观点指导下,对膝骨关节炎外敷中药处方进行挖掘研究,探讨其用药规律。方法收集整理2020年—2022年院内治疗膝骨关节炎外敷用药处方并建立电子数据库,使用IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0和IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0软件中关联分析、聚类分析等数据挖掘方法,分析膝骨关节炎的外敷用药规律。结果本研究收集2020年—2022年治疗膝骨关节炎处方418首,运用关联分析得出强关联对药有川芎-当归、透骨草-川芎、透骨草-伸筋草等共13组,聚类分析产生3个聚类方,高频药物前5为透骨草、川芎、当归、伸筋草、牛膝。结论治疗膝骨关节炎418首处方中常用祛风除湿药、活血化瘀药,涉及脏腑主要为肝、肾、脾,与肝脾气血密切相关,关联规则配伍原则大体从气血、风湿方面论治,以疏通气血、舒解经络为法,故可从疏通气血入手,旨在达到气血通化的状态。

代谢综合征的中医病因病机和论治方略

中医将代谢综合征(MS)归于“肥满”、“脾瘅”、“消渴”、“眩晕”、“胸痹”等范畴,是内生性慢性疾病。MS病机复杂,包括肾虚脾亏、玄府不通、气机失调、阳气不足、痰湿瘀血等。中医针对病因病机治疗MS,采用中医内治和外治方法,并结合生活方式干预,有其独特的理论和实践优势,可为MS的临床防治提供中医论治方略。

仙灵骨葆胶囊联合唑来膦酸盐及碳酸钙D3片治疗老年骨质疏松症的临床观察

目的探讨仙灵骨葆胶囊联合唑来膦酸盐及碳酸钙D3片对老年骨质疏松症(OP)患者骨转换指标及骨密度的影响。方法选取江西省靖安县人民医院2020年5月—2021年12月收治的老年OP患者94例,随机分为观察组和对照组,各47例。对照组采用唑来膦酸盐联合碳酸钙D3片治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加服仙灵骨葆胶囊治疗,4周为1个疗程。比较2组骨转换指标[骨钙素(OC)、Ⅰ型胶原交联C-末端肽(CTX-1)]、骨密度、骨痛程度[数字疼痛评价量表(NRS)评分]、临床疗效及不良反应。结果治疗后,观察组OC水平高于对照组、CTX-1水平低于对照组,腰椎L_(1~4)、右股骨颈的骨密度高于对照组,NRS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组总有效率95.74%(45/47)高于对照组的80.85%(38/47),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2组治疗期间均未见不良反应。结论仙灵骨葆胶囊联合唑来膦酸盐及碳酸钙D_(3)片治疗老年OP效果确切,能改善患者骨转换指标及骨密度,减轻骨痛。

肺结节病的中医证治探讨

从病因病机、辨证分型、中医治疗三个方面对肺结节病进行探讨,得出肺结节病病因主要有外感病因之六淫邪气和雾霾废气等秽浊之邪,内伤病因之情志失调、饮食所伤、劳逸所伤,病理产物病因之痰湿瘀毒为患,其他病因之先天禀赋失常及罹患其他慢性疾病;病机为肺脏虚损,病理产物阻之于肺,塞而不通,发为结节;辨证分型上外感型分风噪、风寒、风热、风湿、火热之不同,内伤型可有肝郁气滞、脾虚痰湿、肺气虚耗,病理产物型又有痰浊阻肺、痰瘀郁肺、痰瘀化毒之各异,他因型则分为阳虚证与气阴两虚证;治疗上提出五法论治和痰瘀论治,汗而发之以祛邪,清而解之通过泻、解、凉以除邪热,和而平之以调诸脏,和气血,下而除之以清里热、祛瘀血,虚而补之养气血阴阳、调虚弱,同时以化痰祛瘀解毒以通肺络;同时也提出中医疗养法治疗肺结节病,通过舒情志,畅气机,调和气血阴阳,培补正气以化结节,以期为肺结节病中医证治规范化略尽绵薄之力,为临床肺结节病治疗提供思路。

中西医治疗急性痛风性关节炎的进展

急性痛风性关节炎(AGA)是一种临床常见疾病。近年来,随着人们生活水平的提高,急性AGA的发病率不断上升,严重影响人们的工作、学习和生活。痛风归属于中医学“痹证”“历节”的范畴,中医药治疗急性AGA具有效果显著、不良作用小、价格低廉等诸多优点,能够根据患者的具体症状、体征等辨证论治、标本兼治,减少复发概率。文章从中医内治法、中医外治法,以及西医治疗、外科治疗等方面进行综述,以期为急性AGA的治疗提供思路。

“血瘀证”视角下2型糖尿病合并泛血管疾病的关系

泛血管疾病是2型糖尿病(T2DM)的常见合并疾病,也是T2DM患者致残致死的重要原因,因而预防T2DM合并泛血管疾病的病情进展是临床关注的重点。现代理论研究多将T2DM归属于“消渴”范畴,通过整理T2DM合并泛血管疾病的病因病机和机制研究,分析消渴心病、消渴肾病、消渴目病的因机内核,确定其核心为血瘀证,瘀血又作为其病理产物贯穿始终。

中西医治疗癌性发热研究进展

通过收集整理近年来中西医治疗癌性发热的相关文献,分别从癌性发热的病因与发病机制、发热特点与诊断标准以及治则治法等方面系统总结目前癌性发热的治疗进展,指出可将中医辨证论治与现代药理研究相结合,将抗癌中药合理组方并配合中药外治等,可在治疗癌性发热的同时控制肿瘤细胞增殖、促进缩小瘤体、改善临床症状。

高彦彬教授从络病论治慢性肾衰经验

慢性肾衰是各类进展性肾脏疾病的最终结局,病机错综复杂,中医对其治疗具有较好疗效。高彦彬教授学术思想师承国医大师吕仁和教授,临证四十载,认为此病属于“络病”范畴,并针对慢性肾衰提出肾元虚衰、肾络瘀结、浊毒内停的基本病机和益气固肾、解毒通络的基本治法。临床上以虚定型,以实定候进行辨证论治,并基于治未病理论,提出慢性肾病三级预防策略。

葛根汤联合中药热敷治疗神经根型颈椎病风寒阻络证临床观察

目的 观察葛根汤联合中药热敷治疗神经根型颈椎病风寒阻络证的临床效果。方法 选取吉林省吉林中西医结合医院骨伤科2021年7月—2022年7月收治的90例神经根型颈椎病风寒阻络证患者,运用掷硬币法分为2组,各45例。对照组用葛根汤治疗,观察组使用葛根汤加中药热敷治疗,比较2组颈椎功能障碍评分、临床疗效、颈肩疼痛程度评分。结果 治疗后,对照组总有效率低于观察组(P<0.05);观察组的颈椎功能障碍评分与颈肩疼痛程度评分更低(P<0.05)。结论 葛根汤联合中药热敷治疗神经根型颈椎病风寒阻络证临床效果较好,优于单一使用葛根汤治疗的方式,有较高临床应用价值。

类风湿关节炎的中医药特色治疗经验综述

近年,类风湿关节炎发病率逐渐升高,其致残率较高,严重危害人类健康,给患者的日常生活带来极大痛苦。目前对于类风湿关节炎的治疗,西医一般采用免疫抑制、抗炎镇痛等方法,暂时缓解患者疼痛,但不良作用较大。近几年研究发现,中医治疗类风湿关节炎具有独特的优势。中医从整体观念出发,针对不同个体,辨证论治施护,并运用独特的中医适宜技术等,临床效果显著。

中医药治疗儿童抽动障碍的研究进展

近年来,儿童抽动障碍的发病率呈现出明显增加的趋势。这种疾病一旦发生,反复发作且治愈困难,给患儿和家庭带来了巨大的负担。文章总结了该病的病因病机与体质虚弱、肝肾不足、心脾失调等因素密切相关,并从内与外两个方面总结了中医药治疗儿童抽动障碍的具体方法。内治法主要包括中药内服和针灸等内部调理措施,外治法则注重外部刺激和调理,如推拿按摩、艾灸等手段,通过调整体内阴阳平衡和气血流通达到治疗儿童抽动障碍的目的。现代医学在治疗这种疾病方面方法单一,往往存在明显的不良反应。与此相比,中医药治疗儿童抽动障碍具有方法丰富、不良反应小和临床疗效明显等诸多优势。文章还分析了影响儿童抽动障碍治疗效果的因素。除了个体差异和病情严重程度外,家庭环境、教育方式等因素也对治疗产生一定的影响。因此,在治疗过程中,除了医生的专业治疗外,家长和学校的积极配合也是非常重要的。综上所述,中医药治疗儿童抽动障碍具有明显的优势。文章对相关文献进行总结和分析,为临床诊疗提供参考和借鉴。未来的研究和实践需要进一步深入,以探索更有效的治疗方法,改善儿童抽动障碍的预后效果,为患儿健康成长提供更好的支持和帮助。