Objective:To assess efficacy of albendazole against Ascaris(A.)lumbricoides among school-children at three sites of Rajahmundry,Sundergarh and Wayanad.Methods:Sites were selected based on soil-transmitted helminths pr...Objective:To assess efficacy of albendazole against Ascaris(A.)lumbricoides among school-children at three sites of Rajahmundry,Sundergarh and Wayanad.Methods:Sites were selected based on soil-transmitted helminths prevalence,different sociocultural-geographical characteristics and operational feasibility.9-12 Years old children from 14 schools were included.The study was conducted in two rounds:baseline&follow up survey.All eligible children found positive for A.lumbricoides at baseline were administered supervised single tablet albendazole 400 mg under the National Deworming Day Initiative.During post-treatment follow-up survey,eligible children who provided second stool sample were included in the final analysis.Stool samples were examined using WHO recommended Kato-Katz technique.Efficacy was estimated based on cure rate(CR)and Fecal Egg Count Reduction Rate(FECRR)among children found positive in baseline and follow-up surveys.Results:328 Out of 625(52.5%)were found positive for A.lumbricoides in the baseline survey and 85 out of 178 samples(47.8%)during post-treatment follow-up survey.Overall,the estimated CR was 52.2%.FECRR(95%CI)for albendazole was 72.6%(79.2%-66.0%).The FECRR was highest in East Godaveri[89.7%(96.8%-82.6%)],followed by Sundergarh[86.4%(95.3%-77.5%)]and Wayanad[69%(81.7%-56.4%)].Conclusions:Our study confirmed overall reduction in FEC although with varying albendazole efficacy for A.lumbricoides infection at three different locations in India.However,these finding may be assessed in context of ongoing MDA under Filaria control program and further studies by in vivo as well as in vitro methods are required to reach to a conclusion on possible resistance if any.展开更多
Ascaris lumbricoides is the largest intestinal nematode parasite of man,which can lead to various complications because of its mobility.As the esophagus is not normal habitat of Ascaris,the report of esophageal ascari...Ascaris lumbricoides is the largest intestinal nematode parasite of man,which can lead to various complications because of its mobility.As the esophagus is not normal habitat of Ascaris,the report of esophageal ascariasis is rare.An old female presented with dysphagia after an intake of several red bean buns and haw jellies.The barium meal examination revealed a spherical defect in the lower esophagus.Esophageal bezoar or esophageal carcinoma was considered at the beginning.The patient fasted,and received fluid replacement treatment as well as some oral drugs such as proton pump inhibitor and sodium bicarbonate.Then upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was done to further confirm the diagnosis and found a live Ascaris lumbricoides in the gastric antrum and two in the duodenal bulb.The conclusive diagnosis was ascariasis.The esophageal space-occupying lesion might be the entangled worm bolus.Anthelmitnic treatment with mebendazole improved patient's clinical manifestations along with normalization of the radiological findings during a 2-wk follow-up.Authors report herein this rare case of Ascaris lumbricoides in the esophagus,emphasizing the importance of awareness of this parasitic infection as it often presents with different and unspecific symptoms.展开更多
Ascaris lumbricoides (A. lumbricoides ) is the most common intestinal roundworm parasite, infecting approximately one quarter of the world's population. Infection can lead to various complications because it can s...Ascaris lumbricoides (A. lumbricoides ) is the most common intestinal roundworm parasite, infecting approximately one quarter of the world's population. Infection can lead to various complications because it can spread along the gastrointestinal tract. Although A. lumbricoides infection is a serious healthcare issue in developing countries, it now also has a worldwide distribution as a result of increased immigration and travel. Intestinal obstruction is the most common complication of A. lumbricoides infection, potentially leading to even more serious consequences such as small bowel perforation and peritonitis. Diagnosis is based primarily on stool samples and the patient's history. Early diagnosis, aided in part by knowledge of the local prevalence, can result in early treatment, thereby preventing surgical complications associated with intestinal obstruction. Further, delay in diagnosis may have fatal consequences. Capsule endoscopy can serve as a crucial, non-invasive diagnostic toolfor A. lumbricoides infection, especially when other diagnostic methods have failed to detect the parasite. We report a case of A. lumbricoides infection that resulted in intestinal obstruction at the level of the ileum. Both stool sample examination and open surgery failed to indicate the presence of A. lumbricoides, and the cause of the obstruction was only revealed by capsule endoscopy. The patient was treated with anthelmintics.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the efficacy and effectiveness of albendazole and mebendazole in the treatment of Ascaris lumbricoides(A.lumbricoides) in the North-Western Indonesia.Methods: 229 primary school children who w...Objective:To investigate the efficacy and effectiveness of albendazole and mebendazole in the treatment of Ascaris lumbricoides(A.lumbricoides) in the North-Western Indonesia.Methods: 229 primary school children who were positive for A.lumbricoides in their stool were recruited in the study.123 children received single-dose of 400 mg albendazole and 106 children received single-dose 500 mg of mebendazole.After 1 week,their stools were examined for the cure rate (CR) and egg reduction rate(ERR).Egg culture was also performed and observation was made on week-1,-3,-4.Results:have shown a non-significant difference in CR 96.7%vs.100%:and ERR of 99.3%vs.100.0%for albendazole and mebendazole groups respectively(P】0.05).In-vitro egg culture has shown trends of decrease in the percentage of the unfertilized eggs and in≥2 cell eggs in both treatment groups(P【0.05).The embryonated eggs from the albendazole groups has shown an increase from 7.3%on week-1 to 13.8%on week-4,whilst the mebendazole group has shown a constant increase during the whole 4 weeks of culture from 7.5%to 28.3%(P【0.01). Conclusions:No evidence of drug resistance is noted so far from the area of North-Western part of Indonesia.In addition,although both drugs showed incomplete ovicidal effects,single-dose albendazole is better than mebendazole in sterilizing A.lumbricoides eggs.展开更多
Eosinophilic cholecystitis is caused by the accumulation of eosinophils in the gallbladder wall and diagnosis is usually made based on histopahologic studies. The purpose of this paper is to comment on a case report p...Eosinophilic cholecystitis is caused by the accumulation of eosinophils in the gallbladder wall and diagnosis is usually made based on histopahologic studies. The purpose of this paper is to comment on a case report published in World 3 GaslToenterol 2007 .July; 13 （27）： 3760-3762, about eosinophilic cholecystitis along with pericarditis without histopathological studies, which are considered necessary for its diagnosis.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the cytokines pr of ile in the serum of some Nigerian children with Ascaris lumbricoides(A.lumbricoides) infection and relations between the intensity of infection, age and the concentration o...Objective:To investigate the cytokines pr of ile in the serum of some Nigerian children with Ascaris lumbricoides(A.lumbricoides) infection and relations between the intensity of infection, age and the concentration of these cytokines.Methods:Feacal samples from consenting children were examined using formol ether concentration techniques and Kato-Katz thick smear technique.Sera of 96 children comprising 76 A.lumbricoides infection and 20 controls were subjected to enzymes-linked immunosorbent assay.Results:The mean sera concentration of tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α),interleukin-4(IL-4),interleukin-5(IL-5),interleukin- 10(IL-10) were(16.7±7.6) pg/mL,(4.6±0.8)pg/mL,(391.6±52.0) pg/mL and(181.2±30.4) pg/mL,respectively.The control subjects had the following mean serum cytokines:TNF-α(2.9±1.8) pg/m,IL-4(4.0±0.1) pg/mL,IL-5(125.1±50.1) pg/mL,IL-10(74.5±54.2) pg/ mL,respectively.The difference between the sera cytokines concentration of the A.lumbricoides infected children and their controls were statistically significant for TNF-α,IL- 5 and IL-10(χ~2= 9.99,P【 0.05;χ~2 = 137.24,P 【 0.05;χ~2 = 44.30,P 【 0.05,respectively). The intensity of infection correlated positively with TNF-α,and IL-5(r = 0.93 and 0.98, respectively) while IL-4 and IL- 10 correlated negatively with the intensity of infection(r = -0.62 and 0.99,respectively).TNF-α,IL-4 and IL-5 correlated positively with age(r = 0.19,0.33 and 0.66,respectively).The mean cytokines between those with mild and moderate infections were statistically significant for TNF-α,IL-5 and IL-10(χ~2 = 3.60,4.52 and 5.30, respectively).The ratio of TNF-α:IL-10 was 0.092.Conclusions:Elevated IL-5,IL-10 and TNF-αfound in the sera of the volunteers with Ascariasis implicates these cytokines as key mediators in the host responses to A.lumbriocoides infection in our studied area.展开更多
In order to provide further evidence to prove that Ascaris suum Goeze,1782 and Ascaris lumbricoides Linnaeus,1758 are really different species in taxonomy,and to identity A.suum larval migrans-related genes for diagno...In order to provide further evidence to prove that Ascaris suum Goeze,1782 and Ascaris lumbricoides Linnaeus,1758 are really different species in taxonomy,and to identity A.suum larval migrans-related genes for diagnosis and prevention use,A.suum genes that were differentialy expressed from the same gender of A.lumbricoides were enriched by subtracting the same expressed genes using suppression subtractive hybridization （SSH） assay.Specificity of the selectively enriched cDNA was verified by Southern blot analysis.The female A.suum specific cDNA library was then constructed and sequenced.Basic local alignment search tool （BLAST） analysis of female A.suum specific cDNA identified 6 specific ESTs with tentative functions related to larva migrans.This study provided further evidence for differentiating A.suum from A.lumbricoides.Mining for the detailed information and application of the 6 ESTs are worth being done in the future studies.展开更多
A total of 309 cases infected with ascariasis and trichuriasis were selected as subjects, of whom 177 cases received mebendazole tablet 500mg/d for the treatment of ascariasis and trichuriais,132 cases received mebend...A total of 309 cases infected with ascariasis and trichuriasis were selected as subjects, of whom 177 cases received mebendazole tablet 500mg/d for the treatment of ascariasis and trichuriais,132 cases received mebendazole tablet 200mg/d for three days, Before and after the treatment, all the patients' feces were examined with Kato's technique, the results indicated that the cure rate of ascariasis was 71. 4% (70/98) in the experiment group and 78. 6% (66/84) in the control group respectively; There was no difference between the two groups (P > 0. 05 ). The cure rate of trichuriasis infection was 87. 5% (14/16 ) in the experimental group and 93. 3% (14/15 ) in the control group;There was also no difference between the two groups (P= 0. 401 ). But the cure rate of mixed infection of ascariasis and trichuriasis was 54. 0% (34/63) and 75. 8% (25/33) respectively; The cure rate of the experimental group was apparently lower than the that of the control group (P < 0. 05 ). The average reduced rate of egg count in per gram feces (E,P, G ) for ascariasis infection was 63. 6% (14/22) in the experimental group and 93. 8% (15/16) in the control group. In conclusion, to treat ascariasis and trichuriasis infection with mebendazole tablet should be used the three-day therapy with a total dose of 600mg or 1200mg.展开更多
AIM:The aim of the study was to investigate the changes of serum malondialdehyde level, I.e; the oxidative stress hypothesis in patients infected with Ascaris lumbricoides.METHODS: Serum malondialdehyde activity was m...AIM:The aim of the study was to investigate the changes of serum malondialdehyde level, I.e; the oxidative stress hypothesis in patients infected with Ascaris lumbricoides.METHODS: Serum malondialdehyde activity was measured in 43 patients who were positive for intestinal parasite of Ascaris lumbricoides. Scores were obtained for the positives and their age-and sex-matched 60 Ascaris lumbricoides negative healthy controls.RESULTS: The difference between malondialdehyde levels of patients infected with Ascaris lumbricoides and control group was statistically significant both for females (P＜0.05)and for males (P＜0.05). In the patient and control groups,no correlation was found between age and malondialdehyde levels (P＞0.05) both in females and in males. In addition,no significant correlation could be found between malondialdehyde levels of both females and males for patients and control groups (P＞0.05).CONCLUSION: Malondialdehyde levels clearly increase in patients infected with Ascaris lumbricoides.展开更多
Ascaris lumbricoides (A. lumbricoides), the soil-transmitted helminth is the most prevalent parasitic infection of the gastrointestinal tract in developing countries. Heavy worm loads mainly due to untreated worm infe...Ascaris lumbricoides (A. lumbricoides), the soil-transmitted helminth is the most prevalent parasitic infection of the gastrointestinal tract in developing countries. Heavy worm loads mainly due to untreated worm infestations are often associated with increased risk of severe sequelae. We report the first complicated case of A. lumbricoides causing small bowel obstruction in a 9-year-old boy that necessitated surgical intervention on a tropical island in the Indian Ocean, where cases of Ascariasis are rarely encountered.展开更多
文摘Objective:To assess efficacy of albendazole against Ascaris(A.)lumbricoides among school-children at three sites of Rajahmundry,Sundergarh and Wayanad.Methods:Sites were selected based on soil-transmitted helminths prevalence,different sociocultural-geographical characteristics and operational feasibility.9-12 Years old children from 14 schools were included.The study was conducted in two rounds:baseline&follow up survey.All eligible children found positive for A.lumbricoides at baseline were administered supervised single tablet albendazole 400 mg under the National Deworming Day Initiative.During post-treatment follow-up survey,eligible children who provided second stool sample were included in the final analysis.Stool samples were examined using WHO recommended Kato-Katz technique.Efficacy was estimated based on cure rate(CR)and Fecal Egg Count Reduction Rate(FECRR)among children found positive in baseline and follow-up surveys.Results:328 Out of 625(52.5%)were found positive for A.lumbricoides in the baseline survey and 85 out of 178 samples(47.8%)during post-treatment follow-up survey.Overall,the estimated CR was 52.2%.FECRR(95%CI)for albendazole was 72.6%(79.2%-66.0%).The FECRR was highest in East Godaveri[89.7%(96.8%-82.6%)],followed by Sundergarh[86.4%(95.3%-77.5%)]and Wayanad[69%(81.7%-56.4%)].Conclusions:Our study confirmed overall reduction in FEC although with varying albendazole efficacy for A.lumbricoides infection at three different locations in India.However,these finding may be assessed in context of ongoing MDA under Filaria control program and further studies by in vivo as well as in vitro methods are required to reach to a conclusion on possible resistance if any.
文摘Ascaris lumbricoides is the largest intestinal nematode parasite of man,which can lead to various complications because of its mobility.As the esophagus is not normal habitat of Ascaris,the report of esophageal ascariasis is rare.An old female presented with dysphagia after an intake of several red bean buns and haw jellies.The barium meal examination revealed a spherical defect in the lower esophagus.Esophageal bezoar or esophageal carcinoma was considered at the beginning.The patient fasted,and received fluid replacement treatment as well as some oral drugs such as proton pump inhibitor and sodium bicarbonate.Then upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was done to further confirm the diagnosis and found a live Ascaris lumbricoides in the gastric antrum and two in the duodenal bulb.The conclusive diagnosis was ascariasis.The esophageal space-occupying lesion might be the entangled worm bolus.Anthelmitnic treatment with mebendazole improved patient's clinical manifestations along with normalization of the radiological findings during a 2-wk follow-up.Authors report herein this rare case of Ascaris lumbricoides in the esophagus,emphasizing the importance of awareness of this parasitic infection as it often presents with different and unspecific symptoms.
文摘Ascaris lumbricoides (A. lumbricoides ) is the most common intestinal roundworm parasite, infecting approximately one quarter of the world's population. Infection can lead to various complications because it can spread along the gastrointestinal tract. Although A. lumbricoides infection is a serious healthcare issue in developing countries, it now also has a worldwide distribution as a result of increased immigration and travel. Intestinal obstruction is the most common complication of A. lumbricoides infection, potentially leading to even more serious consequences such as small bowel perforation and peritonitis. Diagnosis is based primarily on stool samples and the patient's history. Early diagnosis, aided in part by knowledge of the local prevalence, can result in early treatment, thereby preventing surgical complications associated with intestinal obstruction. Further, delay in diagnosis may have fatal consequences. Capsule endoscopy can serve as a crucial, non-invasive diagnostic toolfor A. lumbricoides infection, especially when other diagnostic methods have failed to detect the parasite. We report a case of A. lumbricoides infection that resulted in intestinal obstruction at the level of the ileum. Both stool sample examination and open surgery failed to indicate the presence of A. lumbricoides, and the cause of the obstruction was only revealed by capsule endoscopy. The patient was treated with anthelmintics.
文摘Objective:To investigate the efficacy and effectiveness of albendazole and mebendazole in the treatment of Ascaris lumbricoides(A.lumbricoides) in the North-Western Indonesia.Methods: 229 primary school children who were positive for A.lumbricoides in their stool were recruited in the study.123 children received single-dose of 400 mg albendazole and 106 children received single-dose 500 mg of mebendazole.After 1 week,their stools were examined for the cure rate (CR) and egg reduction rate(ERR).Egg culture was also performed and observation was made on week-1,-3,-4.Results:have shown a non-significant difference in CR 96.7%vs.100%:and ERR of 99.3%vs.100.0%for albendazole and mebendazole groups respectively(P】0.05).In-vitro egg culture has shown trends of decrease in the percentage of the unfertilized eggs and in≥2 cell eggs in both treatment groups(P【0.05).The embryonated eggs from the albendazole groups has shown an increase from 7.3%on week-1 to 13.8%on week-4,whilst the mebendazole group has shown a constant increase during the whole 4 weeks of culture from 7.5%to 28.3%(P【0.01). Conclusions:No evidence of drug resistance is noted so far from the area of North-Western part of Indonesia.In addition,although both drugs showed incomplete ovicidal effects,single-dose albendazole is better than mebendazole in sterilizing A.lumbricoides eggs.
文摘Eosinophilic cholecystitis is caused by the accumulation of eosinophils in the gallbladder wall and diagnosis is usually made based on histopahologic studies. The purpose of this paper is to comment on a case report published in World 3 GaslToenterol 2007 .July; 13 （27）： 3760-3762, about eosinophilic cholecystitis along with pericarditis without histopathological studies, which are considered necessary for its diagnosis.
文摘Objective:To investigate the cytokines pr of ile in the serum of some Nigerian children with Ascaris lumbricoides(A.lumbricoides) infection and relations between the intensity of infection, age and the concentration of these cytokines.Methods:Feacal samples from consenting children were examined using formol ether concentration techniques and Kato-Katz thick smear technique.Sera of 96 children comprising 76 A.lumbricoides infection and 20 controls were subjected to enzymes-linked immunosorbent assay.Results:The mean sera concentration of tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α),interleukin-4(IL-4),interleukin-5(IL-5),interleukin- 10(IL-10) were(16.7±7.6) pg/mL,(4.6±0.8)pg/mL,(391.6±52.0) pg/mL and(181.2±30.4) pg/mL,respectively.The control subjects had the following mean serum cytokines:TNF-α(2.9±1.8) pg/m,IL-4(4.0±0.1) pg/mL,IL-5(125.1±50.1) pg/mL,IL-10(74.5±54.2) pg/ mL,respectively.The difference between the sera cytokines concentration of the A.lumbricoides infected children and their controls were statistically significant for TNF-α,IL- 5 and IL-10(χ~2= 9.99,P【 0.05;χ~2 = 137.24,P 【 0.05;χ~2 = 44.30,P 【 0.05,respectively). The intensity of infection correlated positively with TNF-α,and IL-5(r = 0.93 and 0.98, respectively) while IL-4 and IL- 10 correlated negatively with the intensity of infection(r = -0.62 and 0.99,respectively).TNF-α,IL-4 and IL-5 correlated positively with age(r = 0.19,0.33 and 0.66,respectively).The mean cytokines between those with mild and moderate infections were statistically significant for TNF-α,IL-5 and IL-10(χ~2 = 3.60,4.52 and 5.30, respectively).The ratio of TNF-α:IL-10 was 0.092.Conclusions:Elevated IL-5,IL-10 and TNF-αfound in the sera of the volunteers with Ascariasis implicates these cytokines as key mediators in the host responses to A.lumbriocoides infection in our studied area.
基金supported by China Postdoctoral Science Fundation (2004035591)the China National Science Funds for Distingusied Young Scientists (30225033)
文摘In order to provide further evidence to prove that Ascaris suum Goeze,1782 and Ascaris lumbricoides Linnaeus,1758 are really different species in taxonomy,and to identity A.suum larval migrans-related genes for diagnosis and prevention use,A.suum genes that were differentialy expressed from the same gender of A.lumbricoides were enriched by subtracting the same expressed genes using suppression subtractive hybridization （SSH） assay.Specificity of the selectively enriched cDNA was verified by Southern blot analysis.The female A.suum specific cDNA library was then constructed and sequenced.Basic local alignment search tool （BLAST） analysis of female A.suum specific cDNA identified 6 specific ESTs with tentative functions related to larva migrans.This study provided further evidence for differentiating A.suum from A.lumbricoides.Mining for the detailed information and application of the 6 ESTs are worth being done in the future studies.
文摘A total of 309 cases infected with ascariasis and trichuriasis were selected as subjects, of whom 177 cases received mebendazole tablet 500mg/d for the treatment of ascariasis and trichuriais,132 cases received mebendazole tablet 200mg/d for three days, Before and after the treatment, all the patients' feces were examined with Kato's technique, the results indicated that the cure rate of ascariasis was 71. 4% (70/98) in the experiment group and 78. 6% (66/84) in the control group respectively; There was no difference between the two groups (P > 0. 05 ). The cure rate of trichuriasis infection was 87. 5% (14/16 ) in the experimental group and 93. 3% (14/15 ) in the control group;There was also no difference between the two groups (P= 0. 401 ). But the cure rate of mixed infection of ascariasis and trichuriasis was 54. 0% (34/63) and 75. 8% (25/33) respectively; The cure rate of the experimental group was apparently lower than the that of the control group (P < 0. 05 ). The average reduced rate of egg count in per gram feces (E,P, G ) for ascariasis infection was 63. 6% (14/22) in the experimental group and 93. 8% (15/16) in the control group. In conclusion, to treat ascariasis and trichuriasis infection with mebendazole tablet should be used the three-day therapy with a total dose of 600mg or 1200mg.
文摘AIM:The aim of the study was to investigate the changes of serum malondialdehyde level, I.e; the oxidative stress hypothesis in patients infected with Ascaris lumbricoides.METHODS: Serum malondialdehyde activity was measured in 43 patients who were positive for intestinal parasite of Ascaris lumbricoides. Scores were obtained for the positives and their age-and sex-matched 60 Ascaris lumbricoides negative healthy controls.RESULTS: The difference between malondialdehyde levels of patients infected with Ascaris lumbricoides and control group was statistically significant both for females (P＜0.05)and for males (P＜0.05). In the patient and control groups,no correlation was found between age and malondialdehyde levels (P＞0.05) both in females and in males. In addition,no significant correlation could be found between malondialdehyde levels of both females and males for patients and control groups (P＞0.05).CONCLUSION: Malondialdehyde levels clearly increase in patients infected with Ascaris lumbricoides.
文摘Ascaris lumbricoides (A. lumbricoides), the soil-transmitted helminth is the most prevalent parasitic infection of the gastrointestinal tract in developing countries. Heavy worm loads mainly due to untreated worm infestations are often associated with increased risk of severe sequelae. We report the first complicated case of A. lumbricoides causing small bowel obstruction in a 9-year-old boy that necessitated surgical intervention on a tropical island in the Indian Ocean, where cases of Ascariasis are rarely encountered.
