Mung bean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek.) is a warm-season, C<sub>3</sub> pulse crop of the legume family that has been widely cultivated in Asian countries. As the demand for mung bean continues to increase i...Mung bean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek.) is a warm-season, C<sub>3</sub> pulse crop of the legume family that has been widely cultivated in Asian countries. As the demand for mung bean continues to increase in the United States, the ecophysiology, growth, and yield of mung bean varieties in the southeastern US need to be assessed. A field experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Research and Education Center of Tennessee State University to investigate the effects of four varieties (OK2000, Berken, TSU-1, AAMU-1) and three planting densities (5, 10, and 15 cm spacing) on the ecophysiology and yield of mung bean. Results showed that the relative chlorophyll content, plant height, pod dry biomass, pod number, crop yield, and harvest index significantly varied among the varieties. Density only influenced transpiration, relative chlorophyll content, and plant dry biomass. OK2000 had 101.0% more pods per plant and a 42.4% higher harvest index and produced a 45.3% higher yield than other varieties, but no significant difference in yield was found among the other three varieties. This study demonstrated that the mung bean variety OK2000 with a high yield would be ideal for commercial production in the southeastern US.展开更多
Increasing the planting density can exacerbate crop competition for water,nutrients and space which results in a decline in the crop yields.However,the effect of increasing planting density on crop growth and soil bio...Increasing the planting density can exacerbate crop competition for water,nutrients and space which results in a decline in the crop yields.However,the effect of increasing planting density on crop growth and soil biological characteristics in barren sandy land in the semi-arid regions are still unclear.In this study,we investigated the effects of six planting densities(5.4×10^(4),6.45×10^(4),7.95×10^(4),9.5×10^(4),9.75×10^(4) and 10.5×10^(4) plants/hm^(2))on maize growth,photosynthesis characteristics,yield and soil biological characteristics in barren sandy soil in the semi-arid region of Ningxia,China.The results indicated that the stem diameter and spike length decreased linearly with increasing planting density.The plant height,spike weight,grain weight and 100-grain weight decreased with increasing plating density.Moreover,the root length increased with increasing planting density.The diameter,volume and activity increased and then decreased with increasing planting density.There was no significant difference(p>0.05)in the effect of planting density on transpiration rate intercellular CO_(2) concentration.As well,the soil microbial biomass carbon and microbial biomass nitrogen decreased with increasing planting density.The soil catalase activities increased and then decreased with increasing planting density.The alkaline phosphatase activity,the amounts of soil bacteria and actinomycetes increased with increasing planting density.Generally,a moderately increasing planting density can improve maize yield when water and nutrients are sufficient.The optimal planting density was 8.29×10^(4) plants/hm^(2) and the highest yield was 15.84 t/hm^(2) in barren sandy soil in semi-arid region of Ningxia,China.This study provides a theoretical basis for high yield and high efficiency of maize.展开更多
水培叶菜产出高、效益好的同时生产设备成本投入较大,优化出适宜的种植密度,可以使单位面积产出最大化,从而保证种植者取得较高的收益。本研究采用熵权法和TOPSIS(Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution)...水培叶菜产出高、效益好的同时生产设备成本投入较大,优化出适宜的种植密度,可以使单位面积产出最大化,从而保证种植者取得较高的收益。本研究采用熵权法和TOPSIS(Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution)法结合,对不同种植密度水培生菜进行综合评价,优化出适宜种植密度,为水培装置适宜的生菜种植密度提供依据。共设置4个密度处理,标记为H1、H2、H3、H4(定植密度为株间距10、15、20、25 cm),通过对各处理生菜生长,产量,品质,水分利用效率等因子综合评价,优化出适宜种植密度。结果表明:H4处理水培生菜产量和品质较处理H1略差,但其生长状态、外观品质优于H1,对比所有处理生菜,H2处理综合表现最佳,更适合商业化种植,该研究结果有助于进一步了解种植密度对水培生菜生长、产量品质的综合影响,还可为规模化商业水培叶菜生产提供支持。展开更多
文摘Mung bean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek.) is a warm-season, C<sub>3</sub> pulse crop of the legume family that has been widely cultivated in Asian countries. As the demand for mung bean continues to increase in the United States, the ecophysiology, growth, and yield of mung bean varieties in the southeastern US need to be assessed. A field experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Research and Education Center of Tennessee State University to investigate the effects of four varieties (OK2000, Berken, TSU-1, AAMU-1) and three planting densities (5, 10, and 15 cm spacing) on the ecophysiology and yield of mung bean. Results showed that the relative chlorophyll content, plant height, pod dry biomass, pod number, crop yield, and harvest index significantly varied among the varieties. Density only influenced transpiration, relative chlorophyll content, and plant dry biomass. OK2000 had 101.0% more pods per plant and a 42.4% higher harvest index and produced a 45.3% higher yield than other varieties, but no significant difference in yield was found among the other three varieties. This study demonstrated that the mung bean variety OK2000 with a high yield would be ideal for commercial production in the southeastern US.
基金supported by the China Ningxia Key Research and Development Project(Grant No.2022BEG02004).
文摘Increasing the planting density can exacerbate crop competition for water,nutrients and space which results in a decline in the crop yields.However,the effect of increasing planting density on crop growth and soil biological characteristics in barren sandy land in the semi-arid regions are still unclear.In this study,we investigated the effects of six planting densities(5.4×10^(4),6.45×10^(4),7.95×10^(4),9.5×10^(4),9.75×10^(4) and 10.5×10^(4) plants/hm^(2))on maize growth,photosynthesis characteristics,yield and soil biological characteristics in barren sandy soil in the semi-arid region of Ningxia,China.The results indicated that the stem diameter and spike length decreased linearly with increasing planting density.The plant height,spike weight,grain weight and 100-grain weight decreased with increasing plating density.Moreover,the root length increased with increasing planting density.The diameter,volume and activity increased and then decreased with increasing planting density.There was no significant difference(p>0.05)in the effect of planting density on transpiration rate intercellular CO_(2) concentration.As well,the soil microbial biomass carbon and microbial biomass nitrogen decreased with increasing planting density.The soil catalase activities increased and then decreased with increasing planting density.The alkaline phosphatase activity,the amounts of soil bacteria and actinomycetes increased with increasing planting density.Generally,a moderately increasing planting density can improve maize yield when water and nutrients are sufficient.The optimal planting density was 8.29×10^(4) plants/hm^(2) and the highest yield was 15.84 t/hm^(2) in barren sandy soil in semi-arid region of Ningxia,China.This study provides a theoretical basis for high yield and high efficiency of maize.
文摘水培叶菜产出高、效益好的同时生产设备成本投入较大,优化出适宜的种植密度,可以使单位面积产出最大化,从而保证种植者取得较高的收益。本研究采用熵权法和TOPSIS(Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution)法结合,对不同种植密度水培生菜进行综合评价,优化出适宜种植密度,为水培装置适宜的生菜种植密度提供依据。共设置4个密度处理,标记为H1、H2、H3、H4(定植密度为株间距10、15、20、25 cm),通过对各处理生菜生长,产量,品质,水分利用效率等因子综合评价,优化出适宜种植密度。结果表明:H4处理水培生菜产量和品质较处理H1略差,但其生长状态、外观品质优于H1,对比所有处理生菜,H2处理综合表现最佳,更适合商业化种植,该研究结果有助于进一步了解种植密度对水培生菜生长、产量品质的综合影响,还可为规模化商业水培叶菜生产提供支持。
