The aspectual system of Chinese has been the focus of research in recent years.Over a long period of time,special aspect markers“Zhe(着)”“Le(了)”“Guo(过)”in modern Chinese are produced under the grammaticized pr...The aspectual system of Chinese has been the focus of research in recent years.Over a long period of time,special aspect markers“Zhe(着)”“Le(了)”“Guo(过)”in modern Chinese are produced under the grammaticized process.However,the function and the expression of aspect markers in Chinese dialects are different from those in Mandarin,which are reflected in:(1)they often have their own special aspect markers;(2)the function of aspect markers is somewhat overlapping.The purpose of this study is to describe the experiential aspects in Weifang dialect,in which the presenting pattern of“Guo1”and“Guo2”have remarkable specialties.The special feature is that the marker“Guo”is disappeared and replaced by other aspect markers.Specifically,“Guo1”is replaced by“Le1”,and“Guo2”is replaced by“Hui(回)”and“Lai(来)”,where“Lai”sometimes needs to co-occur with“Hui”in the sentence.This study will provide more clarity on the manifestation of the experiential aspect“Guo2”,and analyze the appear condition,syntactic property and the function of“Hui”and“Lai”.展开更多
In the research on the Chinese temporal system,Chen(1988)proposed the ternary structure of Chinese temporal system.Based on the ternary structure of the Chinese temporal system,many researches have focused on discussi...In the research on the Chinese temporal system,Chen(1988)proposed the ternary structure of Chinese temporal system.Based on the ternary structure of the Chinese temporal system,many researches have focused on discussing Chinese aspect system.Compared with the research on aspect,there are fewer studies on Chinese verbal situations,such as Ma(1981),Deng(1985),Dai(1997),etc.,which are all based on Vendler’s(1967)four categories of verbal situations.And compared with verbal situation,there are fewer studies on phase.Most researchers believe that phase and verbal situations are the same concept.However,this article believes that in the study of Chinese temporal system,we should first distinguish between phase and verbal situations,and then compare with aspect.Based on the distinction between phase and verbal situations,this article combines the situation and verbal aspect suffix“LE”,which is also an aspect marker,and tries to sum up the relationship between the situation and“LE”.展开更多
Previous literature shows that scholars differ considerably on what zai and-zhe indicate.By making use of an oral speech corpus,we analyzed and tested the data with regard to the functions of "zai" and "...Previous literature shows that scholars differ considerably on what zai and-zhe indicate.By making use of an oral speech corpus,we analyzed and tested the data with regard to the functions of "zai" and "-zhe" and found that zai indicates the action is in progress,and it is narrative,while-zhe expresses the ongoing state of an action and is descriptive;-zhe can be used after the first verb in a serial verbal con struction to indicate the accompanying action,while zai does not have this function;in complex sentences,the zai clause is temporal in na ture while-zhe clause is treated as a manner adverbial.展开更多
This paper mainly discusses verbal aspects and their syntactic markers in Lhasa Tibetan. Since aspects in Tibetan always share markers with other important categories called evidentiality and egocentricity, the former...This paper mainly discusses verbal aspects and their syntactic markers in Lhasa Tibetan. Since aspects in Tibetan always share markers with other important categories called evidentiality and egocentricity, the former of which assesses the evidence of speaker's statement and the latter denotes behavioral characteristics of a speaker'sego-centricity, this paper simultaneously describes all three types: aspect, evidentiality and egocentricity. There are nine types of verb aspects in Lhasa Tibetan, namely: Prospective, Imminent, Premediated, Realis, Durative, Resultative, Merely-past, Perfect, and Contextual aspects. There are four types of evidentialities, namely, Self-knowledge, Knowing-by-sight, Knowing-by-newly-found-information and Knowing-by-inference evidentialities. Categories of egocentricity demonstrate whether an action is towards the Self or the Other, whether the speaker gains or loses, and so on. Additionally, this essay also discusses the interactive relationship between syntactical verb aspects and personal pronouns, intentionality, modality, as well as temporal-spatial cognition.展开更多
文摘The aspectual system of Chinese has been the focus of research in recent years.Over a long period of time,special aspect markers“Zhe(着)”“Le(了)”“Guo(过)”in modern Chinese are produced under the grammaticized process.However,the function and the expression of aspect markers in Chinese dialects are different from those in Mandarin,which are reflected in:(1)they often have their own special aspect markers;(2)the function of aspect markers is somewhat overlapping.The purpose of this study is to describe the experiential aspects in Weifang dialect,in which the presenting pattern of“Guo1”and“Guo2”have remarkable specialties.The special feature is that the marker“Guo”is disappeared and replaced by other aspect markers.Specifically,“Guo1”is replaced by“Le1”,and“Guo2”is replaced by“Hui(回)”and“Lai(来)”,where“Lai”sometimes needs to co-occur with“Hui”in the sentence.This study will provide more clarity on the manifestation of the experiential aspect“Guo2”,and analyze the appear condition,syntactic property and the function of“Hui”and“Lai”.
文摘In the research on the Chinese temporal system,Chen(1988)proposed the ternary structure of Chinese temporal system.Based on the ternary structure of the Chinese temporal system,many researches have focused on discussing Chinese aspect system.Compared with the research on aspect,there are fewer studies on Chinese verbal situations,such as Ma(1981),Deng(1985),Dai(1997),etc.,which are all based on Vendler’s(1967)four categories of verbal situations.And compared with verbal situation,there are fewer studies on phase.Most researchers believe that phase and verbal situations are the same concept.However,this article believes that in the study of Chinese temporal system,we should first distinguish between phase and verbal situations,and then compare with aspect.Based on the distinction between phase and verbal situations,this article combines the situation and verbal aspect suffix“LE”,which is also an aspect marker,and tries to sum up the relationship between the situation and“LE”.
文摘Previous literature shows that scholars differ considerably on what zai and-zhe indicate.By making use of an oral speech corpus,we analyzed and tested the data with regard to the functions of "zai" and "-zhe" and found that zai indicates the action is in progress,and it is narrative,while-zhe expresses the ongoing state of an action and is descriptive;-zhe can be used after the first verb in a serial verbal con struction to indicate the accompanying action,while zai does not have this function;in complex sentences,the zai clause is temporal in na ture while-zhe clause is treated as a manner adverbial.
基金This study is sponsored by the National Natural Science foundation of China (Number 60173024,60473135). We thank Professors Sun Tianxin, J. L. Randy, J. A. Matisoff and Gu Yang for theirconstructive comments.
文摘This paper mainly discusses verbal aspects and their syntactic markers in Lhasa Tibetan. Since aspects in Tibetan always share markers with other important categories called evidentiality and egocentricity, the former of which assesses the evidence of speaker's statement and the latter denotes behavioral characteristics of a speaker'sego-centricity, this paper simultaneously describes all three types: aspect, evidentiality and egocentricity. There are nine types of verb aspects in Lhasa Tibetan, namely: Prospective, Imminent, Premediated, Realis, Durative, Resultative, Merely-past, Perfect, and Contextual aspects. There are four types of evidentialities, namely, Self-knowledge, Knowing-by-sight, Knowing-by-newly-found-information and Knowing-by-inference evidentialities. Categories of egocentricity demonstrate whether an action is towards the Self or the Other, whether the speaker gains or loses, and so on. Additionally, this essay also discusses the interactive relationship between syntactical verb aspects and personal pronouns, intentionality, modality, as well as temporal-spatial cognition.
