在教育数字化的时代背景下,学习方式加速演变,学习技能测评成为各国教育界关注的前沿焦点。PISA2025对数字化学习技能进行测评,目的是更好地了解学生需要掌握哪些技能和策略,才能成为真正的自主学习者,同时提供来自国际教育行业的相关信...在教育数字化的时代背景下,学习方式加速演变,学习技能测评成为各国教育界关注的前沿焦点。PISA2025对数字化学习技能进行测评,目的是更好地了解学生需要掌握哪些技能和策略,才能成为真正的自主学习者,同时提供来自国际教育行业的相关信息,以帮助师生将新型学习技术更好地应用于教育。阐述PISA数字化学习技能测评的理念和方法,包括目标构念、学生模型、测评单元、证据规则、分数报告等。为使教育者了解学生如何思考和调节自己的学习,OECD研发学习技能创新测评平台(Platform for Innovative Learning Assessments,PILA),为教育者提供互动技术和有研究支撑的工具,对学生的成长进行评估。展开更多
BACKGROUND The impact of age on outcomes in cardiogenic shock(CS)is poorly described in the pre-hospital setting.We assessed the impact of age on outcomes of patients treated by emergency medical services(EMS).METHODS...BACKGROUND The impact of age on outcomes in cardiogenic shock(CS)is poorly described in the pre-hospital setting.We assessed the impact of age on outcomes of patients treated by emergency medical services(EMS).METHODS This population-based cohort study included consecutive adult patients with CS transported to hospital by EMS.Successfully linked patients were stratified into tertiles by age(18-63,64-77,and>77 years).Predictors of 30-day mortality were assessed through regression analyses.The primary outcome was 30-day all-cause mortality.RESULTS A total of 3523 patients with CS were successfully linked to state health records.The average age was 68±16 years and 1398(40%)were female.Older patients were more likely to have comorbidities including pre-existing coronary artery disease,hypertension,dyslipidemia,diabetes mellitus,and cerebrovascular disease.The incidence of CS was significantly greater with increasing age(incidence rate per 100,000 person years 6.47[95%CI:6.1-6.8]in age 18-63 years,34.34[32.4-36.4]in age 64-77 years,74.87[70.6-79.3]in age>77 years,P<0.001).There was a step-wise increase in the rate of 30-day mortality with increasing age tertile.After adjustment,compared to the lowest age tertile,patients aged>77 years had increased risk of 30-day mortality(adjusted hazard ratio=2.26[95%CI:1.96-2.60]).Older patients were less likely to receive inpatient coronary angiography.CONCLUSION Older patients with EMS-treated CS have significantly higher rates of short-term mortality.The reduced rates of invasive interventions in older patients underscore the need for further development of systems of care to improve outcomes for this patient group.展开更多
文摘在教育数字化的时代背景下,学习方式加速演变,学习技能测评成为各国教育界关注的前沿焦点。PISA2025对数字化学习技能进行测评,目的是更好地了解学生需要掌握哪些技能和策略,才能成为真正的自主学习者,同时提供来自国际教育行业的相关信息,以帮助师生将新型学习技术更好地应用于教育。阐述PISA数字化学习技能测评的理念和方法,包括目标构念、学生模型、测评单元、证据规则、分数报告等。为使教育者了解学生如何思考和调节自己的学习,OECD研发学习技能创新测评平台(Platform for Innovative Learning Assessments,PILA),为教育者提供互动技术和有研究支撑的工具,对学生的成长进行评估。
基金supported by National Heart Foundation(NHF)Fellowshipsupported by a National Health and Medical Research Council(NHMRC)+4 种基金a NHF Post Graduate Scholarshipssupported by a NHMRC Early Career Fellowshipa NHF Future Leader Fellowshipsupported by an NHMRC postgraduate scholarshipsupported by an NHMRC Senior Principal Research Fellowship。
文摘BACKGROUND The impact of age on outcomes in cardiogenic shock(CS)is poorly described in the pre-hospital setting.We assessed the impact of age on outcomes of patients treated by emergency medical services(EMS).METHODS This population-based cohort study included consecutive adult patients with CS transported to hospital by EMS.Successfully linked patients were stratified into tertiles by age(18-63,64-77,and>77 years).Predictors of 30-day mortality were assessed through regression analyses.The primary outcome was 30-day all-cause mortality.RESULTS A total of 3523 patients with CS were successfully linked to state health records.The average age was 68±16 years and 1398(40%)were female.Older patients were more likely to have comorbidities including pre-existing coronary artery disease,hypertension,dyslipidemia,diabetes mellitus,and cerebrovascular disease.The incidence of CS was significantly greater with increasing age(incidence rate per 100,000 person years 6.47[95%CI:6.1-6.8]in age 18-63 years,34.34[32.4-36.4]in age 64-77 years,74.87[70.6-79.3]in age>77 years,P<0.001).There was a step-wise increase in the rate of 30-day mortality with increasing age tertile.After adjustment,compared to the lowest age tertile,patients aged>77 years had increased risk of 30-day mortality(adjusted hazard ratio=2.26[95%CI:1.96-2.60]).Older patients were less likely to receive inpatient coronary angiography.CONCLUSION Older patients with EMS-treated CS have significantly higher rates of short-term mortality.The reduced rates of invasive interventions in older patients underscore the need for further development of systems of care to improve outcomes for this patient group.
