Molecular mechanism study of Astragalus adsurgens Pall synergistically induced by plasma and plasma-activated water

The mutagenic effects of discharge plasma and plasma+PAW(plasma and its activated water combined) on Astragalus adsurgens Pall seeds were explored. Needle array-plate dielectric-barrier discharge plasma was used to treat A. adsurgens Pall seeds and PAW was prepared at the same time.The deionized water and the obtained PAW were used to cultivate plasma-treated seeds in groups and the survival rate of each group was counted. Results showed that the survival rate of the treated seeds of A. adsurgens Pall when cultured with deionized water was not significantly different from that of the control check(CK). The culture with PAW had an obvious lethal effect and each group reached the half-lethal dose. Reactive oxygen species(ROS) and RNA-Seq analysis of seedlings in the 3 h treatment group showed that the content of ROS in the 3 d post-treatment group was significantly higher than that of the CK. Because expression of the gene with the function of scavenging superoxide free radicals was upregulated, the ROS content of seedlings on the sixth day was significantly lower than that on the third day. Plasma and plasma+PAW treatments changed a large number of gene expressions;particularly, the plasma+PAW group caused plant-growth genes to be significantly upregulated. After treatment, the seedlings of A. adsurgens Pall may grow faster and have higher nutritional value. This research is of great significance to the wider application of isoelectronic bodies and their activated water physicochemical mutagens in biological effects and breeding research.

低压直流电场对沙打旺生长及根系土壤酶活的影响

使用不同强度的低压直流电场对沙打旺(Astragalus adsurgens Pall.)幼苗进行处理,加电30 d后测定植物株高、株茎、根长、生物量、叶绿素含量、荧光动力学参数、抗氧化酶活性、根系土壤酶活的变化。结果表明,在沙打旺幼苗的生长过程中,施加0~0.8 V/cm强度的低压直流电场,随着电场强度的增加,阳极区、中间区、阴极区3个区域沙打旺的光化学效率Fv/Fm都有一定程度的提高,且显著高于对照。沙打旺叶绿素a和叶绿素b的含量、抗氧化酶活性(CAT、POD、SOD)、株高、株茎、根长、鲜重、地上生物量和地下生物量均随着电场强度的升高呈低促高抑的趋势。当电场强度为0.2~0.4 V/cm时,不同区域的沙打旺理化指标和土壤酶活各项参数均得到了不同程度的提高,而当电场强度为0.8 V/cm时,沙打旺的相关参数受到了抑制。0.2~0.4 V/cm的电场强度在一定程度上能刺激沙打旺的生长,可能是强化沙打旺幼苗生长的适宜电场强度范围,而0.8 V/cm电场强度则会对沙打旺的生理及其根系土壤造成胁迫,使其无法得到良好的生长。

植被盖度对风沙流结构及输沙率的影响

土壤风蚀是全球干旱和半干旱地区生态环境安全的重要威胁。植被通过降低风速和捕获土壤颗粒能够有效地降低土壤风蚀发生的风险。目前,人们对于植被控制土壤风蚀的最优格局和盖度的理解仍然有待深入。借助野外移动风洞,测量了地表输沙率和风沙流结构对草本植物沙打旺(Astragalus adsurgens)盖度的响应程度。结果表明:(1)当植被盖度较小时,风沙流结构的分布曲线遵循指数函数分布规律,随着植被盖度增大,其曲线形态变化差异大。(2)植被覆盖能够有效地降低土壤输沙率并抬高风沙输移发生的高度。(3)地表空气动力学粗糙度与植被盖度服从对数函数变化规律,其增长率随植被盖度的增大而逐渐减小并最终趋于零,下垫面空气动力学粗糙度存在阈值现象。(4)沙打旺控制土壤风蚀的最佳盖度约为30%,能够有效地抑制20 cm高度以下约90%的风蚀量。