Astragalus Salvia Granules to Benefit the Qi (Qishen Yiqi Keli) protects H9C2 cardiomyocytes by suppressing oxidative stress

Objective:To investigate the effects of Qishen Yiqi Keli(QSYQ;Astragalus Salvia Granules to Benefit the Qi)on ROS scavenging and inhibition of NADPH oxidase in an effort to identify new natural antioxidants.Methods:A total of 23 representative components in QSYQ were investigated,their effects on hydrogen peroxide induced ROS were assayed by dichlorofluorescein assay.Lucigenin chemiluminescence was adopted to test the effect on NADPH oxidase activity in H9C2 cardiomyocyte cells,and pyrogallol autoxidation was adopted to test the superoxide scavenging capacity.Results:Nine compounds in QSYQ could significantly inhibited H2O2-induced ROS increase compared with the model group(P<.05),including tanshinone I,salvianolic acid A,danshinone IIA,and cryptotanshinone from salvia root,luteolin from salvia root,harpagoside,harpagide,and angoroside C from scrophularia root.Nine compounds in QSYQ could significantly inhibited the production of
O2in H9C2 cell.Tanshinone I showed a lowest IC50 value 0.07 mM,the other including salvianolic acid A,cryptotanshinone,and salvianolic acid B,luteolin,isochlorogenic acid C,astragaloside IV,and glycyrrhetinic acid.Licochalcone A inhibited the autoxidation of pyrogallol at a low concentration,and tanshinone I showed no significant inhibitory effect from 2 mM to 20 mM.Conclusion:QSYQ had significant effects on ROS scavenging and inhibition of NADPH oxidase.Tanshinone I and salvianolic acid A are potential NADPH oxidase inhibitors.

Biosorption Behavior and Mechanism of Lead(II) from Aqueous Solution by Aerobic Granules(AG) and Bacterial Alginate(BA)

Lead(Pb) and its compounds are common pollutants in industrial wastewaters.To develop appropriate Pb 2+ treatment technologies,aerobic granules(AG) and bacterial alginates(BA) were studied as alternative biosorbents to remove Pb 2+ from aqueous solutions.The biosorption mechanism of AG and BA were further analyzed to determine which functional groups in AG and BA are active in Pb 2+ biosorption.In this paper,the Pb 2+ biosorption behavior of AG and BA was respectively investigated in batch experiments from the perspectives of the initial pH,contact time,and initial Pb 2+ concentration.The results showed that biosorption of Pb 2+ by AG and BA occurred within 60min at the initial Pb 2+ concentrations(0 150 mg L-1).The actual saturated Pb 2+ biosorption capability of AG was 101.97 mg g-1(dry weight of aerobic granular biomass).When the initial pH was 5,the biosorption capability of AG and BA was highest at the initial Pb 2+ concentrations(0 20mg L-1).During the process of Pb 2+ biosorption,K +,Ca 2+,and Mg 2+ were released.The Ion Chromatography(IC) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR) further highlighted the main role of ion exchange between Ca 2+ and Pb 2+ and sequestration of Pb 2+ with carboxyl(-COO) of AG and BA.This analogical analysis verifies that BA is responsible for biosorption of Pb 2+ by AG.At the same optimal pH,AG cultivated with different carbon source has different Pb 2+ biosorption capacity.The Pb 2+ biosorption by AG with sodium acetate as the sole carbon source is higher than AG with glucose as carbon source.

Effect of Astragalus Injection on Plasma Levels of Apoptosis-related Factors in Aged Patients with Chronic Heart Failure

Objective： To investigate the effect of Astragalus injection （AI） on plasma levels of apoptosis-related factors in aged patients with chronic heart failure （CHF）. Methods： Seventy-two CHF patients were randomly divided into the AI group （36 cases） treated with AI and the control group （36 cases） treated with conventional treatment. Plasma levels of soluble Fas （sFas）, soluble Fas ligand （sFasL）, tumor necrosis factor alpha （TNF-α） and interleukin-6 （IL-6） were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays （ELISA） with monoclonal anti-human antibodies. Besides, New York Heart Association （NYHA） grading was assessed according to improved symptoms and left ventricular end-diastolic volume （LVEDV）, left ventricular end-systolic volume （LVESV） and left ventricular ejection fraction （LVEF） were assessed by echocardiogram after 4 weeks of treatment. Results： After 4 weeks of treatment, NYHA grading was markedly improved in the two groups, but it was significantly better in AI group than that in the control group （P〈0. 05）. As compared with the control group, sFas, sFasL,TNF-α and IL-6 in the AI group were obviously lower, the difference between the two groups and between before and after treatment were significant （ P〈0. 05 or P〈0. 01 ）. Moreover, in AI group, LVESV and LVEDV decreased, LVEF increased, which was significantly different than that before treatment （P〈0. 05）, respectively. Conclusion： Al could lower plasma levels of apoptosis- related factors, and is one of the effective drugs in improving cardiac function in the aged patients with CHF.

Effect of Astragalus Injection on Left Ventricular Remodeling in Aged Patients with Acute Early-stage Myocardial Infarction

Objective: To observe the effect of Astragalus Injection (AI) on left ventricular remodeling in aged patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods: Patients with AMI were randomly divided into the AI group (46 cases) treated with AI and the control group (46 cases) treated conventionally. Left ventricular end-diastolic volume index (LVEDVI), left ventricular end-systolic volume index (LVESVI), anterior endocardial segmental length (ASL) and posterior endocardial segmental length (PSL) were all assessed by echocardiogram after 1 week and 4 weeks treatment. The cardiac systolic and diastolic functions were detected by nuclide gating cardiac blood pool imaging at the 4th week. Results: After four weeks' treatment, no obvious change of LVEDVI, LVESVI and ASL in the AI group was found, but these indexes increased significantly in the control group, with significant difference shown between the two groups (P<0. 05). As compared with the control group, the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular peak ejecting rate (LVPER) and left ventricular peak filling rate (LVPFR) were heightened, the time for peak filling rate (LVTPFR) in the left ventricle was shortened in the AI group. Conclusion: AI is one of the effective drugs in reversing left ventricular remodeling in aged patients with AMI.

Astragalus saponins induce apoptosis in human gastric adenocarcinoma cells via a caspase 3-dependent pathway

Objective Many Asian countries including China,Japan and Korea have very high incidence of gastric cancer,in which about 42% cases occur in China's Mainland.The precise targets and underlying mechanisms are not well understood.Our previous study revealed that Astragalus saponins(AST)showed promising effects on the suppression of the growth of HT-29 human colon cancer cells and tumor xenograft by inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis.In the present study,we investigated the anti-carcinogenic effects of AST in AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells and attempted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.Methods Growth inhibition of AGS cells was determined by using the MTT viability test.Involvement of different members of the apoptotic cascade and other growth-related factors was explored by assessment of their protein expression using Western blot analysis.Distribution of cells in different phases of the cell cycle was assessed by flow cytometry.Results Our data indicate that AST induced growth-inhibition and apoptosis in AGS cells by activating caspase 3 with subsequent poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase(PARP)cleavage.Cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase had been observed in AST-treated AGS cells.The anti-proliferative effect of AST was associated with modulation of cyclin B1 and p21.We then demonstrate that AST could downregulate the expression of VEGF,of which interaction with its receptors is important for angiogenesis during tumor formation.Conclusions Our findings suggest that AST is an effective agent in gastric cancer treatment by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis,of which anti-angiogenesis could be an alternative mode of action.

Start-up and contaminants removal characteristics of aerobic granules-membrane bioreactor at low temperature

In order to understand the effect of low temperature on the formation process of aerobic granules and contaminants removal characteristics,the aerobic granules-membrane bioreactor (AGS-MBR) has been started up and operated at low temperature using the carbon resource of sodium acetate. Aerobic granules cultivated in AGS-MBR possess smooth surface and compact structure in morphology as well as better settling property and higher biomass after 38 days. The average parameters of aerobic granules are: diameter 3. 1 mm,wet density 1. 041 g/mL,sludge volume index 42. 35 mL/g and settling velocity 20. 6 - 45. 2 cm/min. During the start-up of AGS-MBR,the respectively average contaminants removal efficiencies at low temperature are 91. 9% for chemical oxygen demand (COD) ,89. 2% for NH4 + -N and 86. 3% for PO43- -P,and the overgrowth of filamentous bacteria has been well controlled. In addition,the hollow fiber microfiltration (MF) membrane fouling is light and the regime membrane layer is capable of enhancing membrane filtration as well as the average growth of trans-membrane pressure (TMP) is 1. 07 kPa/d. Compared with the conventional cultivation of aerobic granules,the sludge granulation time significantly decreases from 73 days to 38 days by the application of microfiltration membrane at low temperature.

加味七方胃痛颗粒含药血清抑制人胃癌AGS细胞铁死亡的机制研究

目的 探讨加味七方胃痛颗粒抑制胃癌细胞铁死亡效应机制。方法 选取Wistar大鼠制备含药血清;胃癌AGS细胞分为AGS组、空白血清组和含药血清组。含药血清组大鼠以19.4 g/(kg·d)的换算方法灌胃加味七方胃痛颗粒7 d制备含药血清。空白血清组大鼠常规喂养制备空白血清。干预2 d后检测各组细胞活性和形态,比色法检测丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量,RT-q PCR、Western blot检测SLC7A11、P53、GPX4 mRNA含量及蛋白表达水平。结果 含药血清组细胞增殖率低于空白血清组(P<0.05)。含药血清组SLC7A11、GPX4 mRNA的含量低于空白血清组,P53 mRNA含量高于空白血清组(P<0.01)。含药血清组SLC7A11、GPX4的蛋白表达水平低于空白血清组,P53的蛋白表达水平高于空白血清组(P<0.01)。含药血清组MDA含量低于空白血清组,GSH含量高于空白血清组(P<0.01)。结论 七方胃痛颗粒可抑制胃癌细胞增殖,其效应可能与抑制细胞铁死亡信号有关。

基于化学成分与药理作用评价当归-黄芪药对配方颗粒汤剂与传统汤剂的差异

目的评价当归-黄芪药对配方颗粒汤剂(DGD)与传统汤剂在化学成分和药理效应方面的差异,为合理应用该配方颗粒提供参考。方法以原料来源批次统一和不统一2种对比方式,设不同样品组,采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法建立特征图谱,从特征图谱相似度、成分种类、指标成分含量、共有峰面积等角度对化学成分进行评价;采用失血性血虚模型小鼠评价药效。结果①DGD特征图谱与传统汤剂相似度较高(相似度>0.87);②共有色谱峰数目不一致,传统汤剂-自购饮片和传统汤剂-A厂饮片共有色谱峰各12个,A厂DGD共有色谱峰15个,B厂DGD共有色谱峰10个;③A厂DGD中阿魏酸、毛蕊异黄酮苷含量高于传统汤剂(P<0.05);B厂DGD与传统汤剂阿魏酸含量差异无统计学意义,但毛蕊异黄酮苷含量较传统汤剂低(P<0.05);④DGD共有峰面积总和与传统汤剂相比,自购传统汤剂、A厂传统汤剂及A厂配方颗粒、B厂配方颗粒中各成分含量相对比值分别为1.00、0.96、2.14、0.60;⑤DGD及传统汤剂均能明显促进失血性贫血模型小鼠血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞(RBC)恢复(P<0.01);与模型对照组比较,除B厂DGD组外均差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);A厂DGD与传统汤剂差异无统计学意义,B厂DGD与传统汤剂差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论无论原料来源批次是否一致,DGD与传统汤剂在化学成分上均存在一定差异;在药理作用上,来源于同一批次饮片制备的DGD与传统汤剂对改善失血性贫血药效相当,来源于不同批次饮片制备的DGD与传统汤剂在药效上存在一定差异;不同来源批次的饮片和不同制备工艺造成不同厂家配方颗粒存在质量差异,说明国家统一配方颗粒质量标准及制定相关过程规范具有必要性与紧迫性。

黄芪槐花散颗粒剂+肠内营养(EN)治疗方案在环状混合痔围手术期的应用效果研究

目的 探究黄芪槐花散颗粒剂+肠内营养(EN)治疗方案在环状混合痔围手术期的应用效果。方法选择本院自2021年1月—2022年5月收治的240例环状混合痔患者进行临床实践研究,采用双色球法对患者进行分组,分为实验组和对照组,120例/组,对照组术前及术后正常饮食,实验组术前口服EN,术后口服黄芪槐花散颗粒剂+EN,对比两组患者治疗前后的白蛋白、前白蛋白等营养指标水平、切口疼痛程度评分及术后首次排便时间、切口愈合时间。结果 治疗前,两组患者白蛋白、前白蛋白等营养指标水平、切口疼痛程度评分对比差异不显著,无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,实验组患者白蛋白、前白蛋白等营养指标与对照组差异不显著,无统计学意义(P>0.05);实验组患者术后第2~6d切口疼痛程度评分低于对照组,实验组患者术后首次排便时间长于对照组,实验组患者切口愈合时间短于对照组,两组对比差异显著,具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 黄芪槐花散颗粒剂+EN治疗方案在环状混合痔围手术期的应用效果显著,值得推广。

明睛颗粒联合雷珠单抗对湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性纤维血管膜纤维化相关蛋白表达的影响

[目的]观察明睛颗粒联合雷珠单抗玻璃体腔注射对实验性湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性(nAMD)纤维血管膜以及纤维化相关蛋白表达的影响,阐释明睛颗粒治疗nAMD的作用机制,为临床上中药联合抗血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)药物治疗提供理论依据。[方法]应用两阶段激光光凝的方法建立实验性nAMD纤维血管膜模型,将造模成功后的BN大鼠随机分为3组:模型组、抗VEGF组、明睛颗粒(MJKL)+抗VEGF组。模型组:予蒸馏水灌胃;抗VEGF组:予玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗注射液;MJKL+抗VEGF组:予玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗注射液,同时予明睛颗粒灌胃。10只BN大鼠不造模,常规饲养作为正常对照组。造模40 d后,采用眼底照相(FP)、眼底血管荧光造影(FFA)、光学相干断层扫描(OCT)、视网膜色素上皮(RPE)-脉络膜-巩膜铺片观察眼底病变形态、病变渗出面积及MD值;组织病理学观察视网膜结构的改变,免疫荧光法检测Collagen-1,Fibronectin,α-SMA,TGF-β1的表达及分布,qRT-PCR法检测Collagen-1mRNA,FibronectinmRNA,α-SMAmRNA和TGF-β1 mRNA的相对表达量。[结果]两阶段激光造模后40d建立纤维血管膜模型;抗VEGF组在病变渗出面积、光密度值(MD)值、病变高度均较模型组显著降低(P<0.05),病变面积及视网膜结构损伤程度显著降低;而MJKL+抗VEGF组较抗VEGF组在病变渗出的MD值、病变高度更加降低(P<0.05),病变面积及视网膜结构损伤程度也明显降低。Collagen-1,Fibronectin,α-SMA,TGF-β1的荧光强度中模型组均较正常组明显升高(P<0.05),抗VEGF组均较模型组明显降低(P<0.05);MJKL+抗VEGF组中Collagen-1,Fibronectin,TGF-β1的荧光强度较抗VEGF组明显降低(P<0.05)。Collagen-1mRNA,FibronectinmRNA,α-SMAmRNA和TGF-β1 mRNA的相对表达量中,模型组均较正常组明显升高(P<0.05),抗VEGF组均较模型组明显降低(P<0.05),MJKL+抗VEGF组均较抗VEGF组明显降低(P<0.05)。[结论]明睛颗粒联合抗VEGF药物可以通过降低Collagen-1,Fibronectin,α-SMA,TGF-β1蛋白的表达,从而较单一应用抗VEGF药物可以更好地抑制实验性nAMD纤维血管膜的生长。

七方胃痛颗粒对H.pylori感染的AGS细胞TFF1表达及ERK/NF-κB信号通路的影响

目的:探讨七方胃痛颗粒对幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,H.pylori)感染的人胃腺癌AGS细胞三叶因子1(trefoil factor family1,TFF1)的表达及其细胞外信号调节激酶(extracellular signal-regulated kinase,ERK)/核因子κB(nuclearfactor-κB,NF-κB)信号通路的调控机制.方法:采用实时荧光定量PCR(RFQ-PCR)法检测TFF1 mRNA的表达,Western blot法检测TFF1、磷酸化ERK及NF-κB蛋白的表达水平;同时采用U0126抑制ERK信号通路后,观察AGS细胞TFF1蛋白表达的变化.结果:10%、20%、30%浓度七方胃痛颗粒药物血清作用H.pylori感染的AGS后,TFF1mRNA表达量为271±33、305±23、327±13,显著高于实验对照组的187±30,(P<0.05);TFF1、p-ERK及NF-κB蛋白表达量分别为271±22、358±31、428±34;175±9、141±3、107±15;116.0±2.6、83±2、53.0±6.6;与实验对组的210±13比较,差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.05).加入U0126阻断ERK信号通路后,TFF1蛋白表达量为115±6,与实验对照组的210±13比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:七方胃痛颗粒可能通过抑制ERK/NF-κB信号通路参与调控H.pylori诱导的AGS细胞TFF1表达,促进上皮修复,是其防治H.pylori诱发胃癌可能的机制之一.

贞芪扶正颗粒在不同疾病治疗中的作用研究进展

贞芪扶正颗粒主要由黄芪和女贞子组成,在临床中主要用于治疗肿瘤性疾病(如肺癌、胃癌、结直肠癌、肝癌等),能够提高患者细胞免疫功能,减轻放化疗不良反应,改善一般状况。黄芪有效活性成分[黄芪总黄酮(TFA)、黄芪甲苷(AS-Ⅳ)、黄芪多糖(APS)等]和女贞子有效活性成分[女贞子多糖(LVFP)、特女贞苷(SPN)、齐墩果酸(OA)等]在免疫调节、抗肿瘤、心血管保护、抗氧化、改善代谢及抗炎镇痛等方面具有一定疗效。近年来,较多研究发现贞芪扶正颗粒可用于其他疾病(如重症肺炎、肺结核、乙型病毒性肝炎、心力衰竭等)的辅助治疗。现将贞芪扶正颗粒在不同疾病治疗中的作用进行综述。

老年冠心病合并心律失常患者予以稳心颗粒联合美托洛尔治疗的效果探究

目的分析老年冠心病合并心律失常患者应用稳心颗粒联合美托洛尔治疗的临床效果。方法选取冠心病合并心律失常的70例老年患者作为研究对象,随机分为常规治疗组和联合治疗组,各35例。常规治疗组应用常规治疗,联合治疗组在常规治疗基础上采用稳心颗粒联合美托洛尔治疗。对比两组患者的治疗效果、心律失常发作频率和持续时间、不良反应发生情况。结果联合治疗组患者的治疗总有效率97.1%明显优于常规治疗组的82.9%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。联合治疗组心律失常发作频率(12.3±2.8)次/d、持续时间(20.8±1.2)min/d少于常规治疗组的(22.6±1.2)次/d、(30.5±1.5)min/d,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。联合治疗组不良反应发生率11.4%低于常规治疗组的45.7%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对老年冠心病合并心律失常患者应用稳心颗粒联合美托洛尔治疗,治疗效果显著,值得推广。

龟芪壮骨颗粒治疗中老年骨质疏松症的临床效果分析

目的:探究龟芪壮骨颗粒治疗中老年骨质疏松症的临床效果。方法:选择2022年6月—2023年6月于吉林大学第一医院接受治疗的86例中老年骨质疏松症患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将患者分为两组,各43例。对照组给予常规药物治疗,观察组在对照组基础上给予龟芪壮骨颗粒治疗。对比两组症状缓解时间、中医证候评分、治疗效果、骨密度及骨钙素水平。结果:观察组全身骨痛、腰背疼痛、腰膝酸软、下肢痿软、神疲、目眩缓解时间短于对照组(P<0.001)。治疗后,两组中医证候评分均低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组治疗总有效率高于对照组(P<0.001)。治疗后,两组骨密度、骨钙素水平均高于治疗前,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:龟芪壮骨颗粒治疗中老年骨质疏松症的临床效果显著,能够改善临床症状,提高骨密度与骨钙素水平。

面部埋线提升术联合自体脂肪颗粒移植行面部轮廓年轻化

目的 分析面部埋线提升术联合自体脂肪颗粒移植术对中老年面部轮廓的改善效果。方法 将2023年1月至2024年1月在郑州蒂莱美医疗美容医院寻求面部年轻化的34例中老年患者纳入研究。给予患者面部埋线提升术联合自体脂肪颗粒移植术。比较患者治疗前、治疗3个月后面部皱纹量表(front wrinkle scale,FWS)评分、皱纹严重程度评价量表(wrinkle severity rating scale,WSRS)评分;分析患者不良反应发生率。结果 治疗3个月后,患者FWS、WSRS评分与治疗前比较均有明显下降(P<0.05);患者治疗并发症主要为水肿(41.18%)、疼痛(17.65%)、淤青(32.35%)、左右不对称(5.88%)和面部凹凸不平(5.88%),经对症处理后,并发症迅速缓解,未影响患者远期预后。结论 面部埋线提升术联合自体脂肪颗粒移植术可面部轮廓提升、饱满,具有显著的年轻化效果。

复方芪芎颗粒通过TLR4/MCP-1通路抑制类风湿关节炎大鼠软骨炎症的机制

目的 基于Toll样受体4(TLR4)/单核细胞趋化因子-1(MCP-1)通路观察复方芪芎颗粒对类风湿关节炎大鼠软骨炎症的影响,探讨其治疗类风湿关节炎的机制。方法 取50只雄性SD大鼠,随机选择8只大鼠作为空白组,其余大鼠建立胶原诱导关节炎(CIA)模型。造模第14天,将造模成功的30只大鼠随机分为模型组8只、TAK-242组7只、复方芪芎组7只、复方芪芎+TAK-242组8只。从第15天开始,复方芪芎组按0.03 g/mL剂量给予复方芪芎颗粒液灌胃,1次/d;TAK-242组给予TAK-242 3 mg/(kg·d)腹腔注射,2次/周;复方芪芎+TAK-242组给予复方芪芎颗粒液(0.03 g/mL)灌胃(1次/d),TAK-242 3 mg/(kg·d)腹腔注射(2次/周);空白组与模型组给予0.9%氯化钠溶液灌胃,1次/d。各组连续干预至第35天。分别记录造模后第14,17,20,23,26,29,32,35天大鼠足趾肿胀度、关节炎指数评分;干预至第35天取血检测血清白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平,HE染色和抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRAP)染色观察软骨组织形态和破骨细胞数量,免疫荧光染色观察软骨组织中TLR4、MCP-1、IL-6、TNF-α和滑膜组织中CD68阳性表达情况。结果实验第14~35天,模型组大鼠足趾肿胀度和关节炎指数均明显高于同期空白组(P均<0.05);第23~35天TAK-242组、复方芪芎+TAK-242组大鼠足趾肿胀度和第26~35天大鼠关节炎指数均明显低于同期模型组(P均<0.05);第32~35天TAK-242组、复方芪芎+TAK-242组大鼠足趾肿胀度和关节炎指数均明显低于同期复方芪芎组(P均<0.05);TAK-242组与复方芪芎+TAK-242组各时间点的足趾肿胀度和关节炎指数比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。模型组大鼠血清IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α水平和软骨组织中TLR4、MCP-1、IL-6、TNF-α阳性细胞比例及滑膜组织中CD68+阳性细胞比例均明显高于空白组(P均<0.05),大鼠软骨损伤明显,破骨细胞数量增多;各药物组大鼠血清IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α水平和软骨组织中TLR4、MCP-1、IL-6、TNF-α阳性细胞比例及滑膜组织中CD68+阳性细胞比例均明显低于模型组(P均<0.05),软骨损伤明显减轻,破骨细胞数量减少,且TAK-242组和复方芪芎+TAK-242组上述各指标均明显低于中药组(P均<0.05),TAK-242组与复方芪芎+TAK-242组上述各指标比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。结论 复方芪芎颗粒可以缓解类风湿关节炎大鼠关节炎症,保护软骨细胞,这可能与调控TLR4/MCP-1通路活性减少炎症因子浸润有关。

快速造粒好氧颗粒污泥用于高氨印花废水脱氮处理

为探究人工快速造粒好氧颗粒污泥及其培养过程中的形态变化和对印花废水脱氮处理效果,以剩余脱水污泥为原料,进行人工快速造粒并接种驯化培养。结果表明:剩余污泥可成功实现造粒,造粒好氧污泥可直接启动好氧颗粒污泥(aerobic granular sludge,AGS)处理系统,经过70 d满负荷运行,颗粒污泥形态仍保持相对完整和稳定,对于高氨印花废水,在原水COD_(Cr)质量浓度为(600±45) mg/L、氨氮为(285±64) mg/L、TN为(343±56) mg/L时,平均出水COD_(Cr)质量浓度小于200mg/L,氨氮小于15 mg/L,TN小于30 mg/L,平均去除率分别为86.9%、99.3%和93.4%。微生物群落结构高通量测序结果表明,系统内群落多样性丰富,其中硝化功能菌的丰度显著增加,而反硝化功能菌群减少幅度很小,对于脱氮起到了重要作用。研究可为同类型污水处理中发展高效低碳的AGS工艺提供参考。

贞芪扶正胶囊及其中药配方颗粒、传统饮片有效成分比较研究

目的比较贞芪扶正胶囊(女贞子、黄芪)及其中药配方颗粒、传统饮片的有效成分差异。方法采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)定量分析,比较贞芪扶正胶囊及其对应比例重量的饮片和配方颗粒中主要有效成分(毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷、特女贞苷、黄芪甲苷)含量差异,根据药物指纹图谱进行对照分析,比较药物出峰情况,从化学成分角度分析贞芪扶正胶囊及其中药配方颗粒、传统饮片所含有效成分是否具有一致性。结果贞芪扶正胶囊对照品中特女贞苷、毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷、黄芪甲苷在各自范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9998、0.9996、0.9997)。重复性试验和稳定性试验表明3种剂型供试品各成分重复性良好且在24 h内稳定。加样回收率试验表明HPLC对3种剂型供试品各成分检测的准确度良好。毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷、特女贞苷、黄芪甲苷在贞芪扶正胶囊中含量分别为(5.384±0858)、(25849±3142)、(36065±3026)μg/mL,在中药配方颗粒中含量分别为(5825±0965)、(25463±3075)、(35618±2847)μg/mL,在传统饮片中含量分别为(5564±0958)、(25974±2986)、(35459±2468)μg/mL;3种剂型中上述有效成分的含量均无差异(P>0.05)。结论贞芪扶正胶囊及其中药配方颗粒、传统饮片主要有效成分相同,含量无差异,为贞芪扶正胶囊及中药配方颗粒在临床上替代传统饮片提供了依据。

连续流反应器中好氧颗粒污泥快速培养研究进展

好氧颗粒污泥(aerobic granular sludge,AGS)是目前最有前景的污水生物处理技术之一,采用连续流反应器(continuous flow reactor,CFR)进行AGS快速培养的技术近年来受到广泛关注。文中通过综述间歇式反应器(sequencing batch reactor,SBR)工艺实现快速颗粒化的调控方法、CFR强化颗粒化及优化控制,总结了目前SBR工艺实现快速颗粒化的主要措施,以及采用基于SBR颗粒化的原理在CFR中实现快速颗粒化的可行方案,包括选择压优化、饱食/饥饿(feast/famine)条件以及晶核策略(crystal nucleus)等。最后对CFR工艺实现快速颗粒化的应用前景进行了展望,并提出探究SBR中强化颗粒化的策略,将有望在未来更加深入地研究AGS在CFR中的形成机理。

Heat treatment and granule medium internal highpressure forming of AA6061 tube

The new forming process of AA6061 alloy tube, including solution treatment, granule medium internal high-pressure forming and aging treatment, was developed. The AA6061 alloy tube via heat treatment satisfied the forming requirement, and the granule medium internal high pressure forming method for AA6061 alloy tube was also realized by using convenient implementation with low requirement of equipment and flexible design of product. At a solution temperature of 560℃ and time of 120 min, the elongation of the AA6061 extruded tube increases by 300% and the strength and the hardness dramatically decrease too. Therefore, the AA6061 alloy tube meets the requirement of internal high-pressure forming because of the improvement of formability. The experiments shows that the strength and hardness of AA6061 alloy workpiece recover to that of the as-received alloy at an aging temperature of 180℃ and time of 360 min, and the strength of AA6061 alloy workpiece is equal to the base alloy. The typical parts of convex ring tube, stepped shaft tube and hexagonal tube were successfully produced in lab by using the present forming method. The forming tests show that the maximum expansion ratio(MER) of the AA6061 extruded tube increases by 25.5% and the material properties of formed AA6061 alloy tube reached the performance of as-received alloy.