Optical logic gates play important roles in all-optical logic circuits,which lie at the heart of the next-generation optical computing technology.However,the intrinsic contradiction between compactness and robustness ...Optical logic gates play important roles in all-optical logic circuits,which lie at the heart of the next-generation optical computing technology.However,the intrinsic contradiction between compactness and robustness hinders the development in this field.Here,we propose a simple design principle that can possess multiple-input-output states according to the incident circular polarization and direction based on the metasurface doublet,which enables controlled-NOT logic gates in infrared region.Therefore,the directional asymmetric electromagnetic transmission can be achieved.As a proof of concept,a spin-dependent Janus metasurface is designed and experimentally verified that four distinct images corresponding to four input states can be captured in the far-field.In addition,since the design method is derived from geometric optics,it can be easily applied to other spectra.We believe that the proposed metasurface doublet may empower many potential applications in chiral imaging,chiroptical spectroscopy and optical computing.展开更多
We show that giant asymmetric transmission and optical rotation for linear polarizations can be achieved by a chiral three-dimensional metamaterial composed of L-shaped and C-shaped metallic particles. Numerical calcu...We show that giant asymmetric transmission and optical rotation for linear polarizations can be achieved by a chiral three-dimensional metamaterial composed of L-shaped and C-shaped metallic particles. Numerical calcu- lations on the electric field distributions indicate that the coupling between the electric dipolar and quadrupolar resonances in the L- and C-shaped metallic particles contributes to these effects.展开更多
Just like an electronic diode that allows the electrical current to flow in one direction only, a kind of chiral metamaterial structure with a similar functionality for the electromagnetic wave is proposed. The design...Just like an electronic diode that allows the electrical current to flow in one direction only, a kind of chiral metamaterial structure with a similar functionality for the electromagnetic wave is proposed. The designed nanostructure that consists of twisted metallic split-ring resonators on both sides of a dielectric substrate achieves asymmetric transmission for a forward and backward propagating linearly polarized wave by numerical simulation in near-infrared band. Difference in transmission efficiency of the optimized structure between the same polarized waves incident from opposite directions can reach a maximum at the communication wavelength (1.55 μm). Moreover, the simulation results of this structure also exhibit strong optical activity and circular dichroism.展开更多
A theoretical model which couples the oscillation of cavitation bubbles with the equation of an acoustic wave is utilized to describe the sound fields in double-layer liquids, which can be used to realize the asymmetr...A theoretical model which couples the oscillation of cavitation bubbles with the equation of an acoustic wave is utilized to describe the sound fields in double-layer liquids, which can be used to realize the asymmetric transmission of acoustic waves. Numerical simulations show that the asymmetry is related to the properties of the host liquids and the input acoustic wave. Asymmetry can be enhanced if the maximum number density or the ambient radius of the cavitation bubbles in the low cavitation threshold liquid increases. Moreover, the direction of rectification will be reversed if the amplitude of the input acoustic wave becomes high enough.展开更多
We proposed a sandwich structure to realize broadband asymmetric transmission(AT) for both linearly and circularly polarized waves in the near infrared spectral region. The structure composes of a silica substrate and...We proposed a sandwich structure to realize broadband asymmetric transmission(AT) for both linearly and circularly polarized waves in the near infrared spectral region. The structure composes of a silica substrate and two sand-clock-like gold layers on the opposite sides of the substrate. Due to the surface plasmons of gold, the structure shows that the AT parameters of linearly and circularly polarized waves can reach 0.436 and 0.403, respectively. Meanwhile, a broadband property is presented for the AT parameter is over 0.3 between 320 THz and 340 THz. The structure realizes a diode-like AT for linearly wave in forward and circularly wave in backward, respectively. The magnetic dipoles excited by current in the two gold layers contribute to the broadband AT. The current density in top and bottom metallic layers illustrates the mechanism of the polarization conversion for broadband AT in detail.展开更多
This study proposes a bi-layer windmill-shaped metamaterial that consists of resonators, with similar shapes, on both sides of a dielectric substrate. In this study, the second layer is rotated clockwise around the su...This study proposes a bi-layer windmill-shaped metamaterial that consists of resonators, with similar shapes, on both sides of a dielectric substrate. In this study, the second layer is rotated clockwise around the substrate normal at 90°and thereafter flipped in the first layer. Due to the introduction of a windmill-like shape, the resonant structures result in new resonant modes and thus can achieve multi-band high-efficiency cross-polarization conversions and asymmetric transmissions(ATs) for a linearly polarized incident plane wave with a maximum asymmetric parameter of 0.72. Depending on the geometric parameters of our windmill-shaped structures, the AT effects can be flexibly modulated in a broad multiband from 160 THz to 400 THz, which has not been reported in previous studies. These outstanding AT effects provide potential applications in optical diodes, polarization control switches, and other nano-devices.展开更多
We numerically demonstrated a novel chiral metamaterial to achieve broadband asymmetric transmission(AT)of linearly polarized electromagnetic waves in terahertz(THz)band.The proposed metamaterial unit cell exhibits no...We numerically demonstrated a novel chiral metamaterial to achieve broadband asymmetric transmission(AT)of linearly polarized electromagnetic waves in terahertz(THz)band.The proposed metamaterial unit cell exhibits no rotational symmetry with vanadium dioxide(VO_(2)) inclusion embedded between Dirac semimetals(DSMs)pattern.The resonant frequency of AT can be dynamically tunable by varying the Fermi energy(EF)of the DSMs.The insulator-to-metal phase transition of VO_(2) enables the amplitude of the AT to be dynamically tailored.The transmission coefficient|T_(yx)|can be adjusted from 0.756 to nearly 0 by modifying the conductivity of VO_(2).Meanwhile,the AT parameter intensity of linearly polarized incidence can be actively controlled from 0.55 to almost 0,leading to a switch for AT.When VO_(2)is in its insulator state,the proposed device achieves broadband AT parameter greater than 0.5 from 1.21 THz to 1.80 THz with a bandwidth of 0.59 THz.When the incident wave propagates along the backward(-z)direction,the cross-polarized transmission|T_(yx)|reaches a peak value 0.756 at 1.32 THz,whereas the value of|T_(xy)|well below 0.157 in the concerned frequency.On the other hand,the co-polarized transmission|T_(xx)|and|T_(yy)|remained equal in the whole frequency range.This work provides a novel approach in developing broadband,tunable,as well as switchable AT electromagnetic devices.展开更多
In this paper, we propose a three-layered chiral metamaterial (CMM) that exhibits an asymmetric transmission effect for linearly polarized waves along forwardly and backwardly propagating in the microwave region, whic...In this paper, we propose a three-layered chiral metamaterial (CMM) that exhibits an asymmetric transmission effect for linearly polarized waves along forwardly and backwardly propagating in the microwave region, which not only realizes the asymmetric transmission effect of multi-frequency points for linearly polarized wave in microwave band, but also breaks through the limitation of single transformation from linear polarization to linear polarization. Numerical simulation results indicate that incident wave for linearly polarized waves will be converted and transmitted as a circularly polarized wave along the forward direction at 8.31 GHz. Moreover, the asymmetric transmission (AT) parameter Δ achieves 0.8 around 12 GHz, proving the existence of strong polarization conversion and diode-like function. The proposed CMM shows great potential applications in high performance linear polarization convertor and isolator in microwave frequency.展开更多
In this paper,we propose an ultrabroadband chiral metasurface(CMS)composed of S-shaped resonator structures situated between two twisted subwavelength gratings and dielectric substrate.This innovative structure enable...In this paper,we propose an ultrabroadband chiral metasurface(CMS)composed of S-shaped resonator structures situated between two twisted subwavelength gratings and dielectric substrate.This innovative structure enables ultrabroadband and high-efficiency linear polarization(LP)conversion,as well as asymmetric transmission(AT)effect in the microwave region.The enhanced interference effect of the Fabry-Perot-like resonance cavity greatly expands the bandwidth and efficiency of LP conversion and AT effect.Through numerical simulations,it has been revealed that the cross-polarization transmission coefficients for normal forward(-z)and backward(+z)incidence exceed 0.8 in the frequency range of 4.13 to 17.34 GHz,accompanied by a polarization conversion ratio of over 99%.Furthermore,our microwave experimental results validate the consistency among simulation,theory,and measurement.Additionally,we elucidate the distinct characteristics of ultrabroadband LP conversion and significant AT effect through analysis of polarization azimuth rotation and ellipticity angles,total transmittance,AT coefficient,and electric field distribution.The proposed CMS structure shows excellent polarization conversion properties via AT effect and has potential applications in areas such as radar,remote sensing,and satellite communication.展开更多
This study analyzed the asymmetric price transmission in the international soybean market, using data from the US (Chicago Futures), European (Rotterdam), Brazilian (Paranaguá), Argentinian (Rosario Futures and R...This study analyzed the asymmetric price transmission in the international soybean market, using data from the US (Chicago Futures), European (Rotterdam), Brazilian (Paranaguá), Argentinian (Rosario Futures and Rosario Spot), and Chinese (Spot and Futures) markets. The study looked at the price transmission between these markets over a period of almost 10 years, from September 2009 to May 2019. The Phillips-Perron unit root test was used to determine the order of integration of the time series. The Engle-Granger cointegration test failed to find any evidence of cointegration between the Chinese and Argentinian markets with any others of the international markets. The lack of cointegration was associated with highly government intervened markets. The cointegration and threshold test proposed by Enders and Siklos, succeeded in rejecting the Null hypothesis and finding cointegration among the series after structural breaks had been taken into account. The BDS test for nonlinearity showed that most of the time series were nonlinear, which prompted the investigation to look into nonlinear modelling. To evaluate asymmetric price transmission, the study used the Threshold autoregressive (TAR) model and the momentum threshold model (MTAR). The Argentine and Chinese markets were primarily suspected of exhibiting asymmetric price transmission due to structural government intervention. However, the test results failed to reject the null hypothesis and revealed asymmetric price transmission between these markets and the international market. As expected, the results found no evidence of asymmetric price transmission in the Paranaguá, Rotterdam, and Chicago markets. Hence, it can be concluded that symmetric price transmission is more prevalent in the global soybean market than asymmetric price transmission.展开更多
Transmission error(TE)in geared rotors is a predominant source of inherent excitation at the pitch point of the gear meshing.In this paper,a transverse vibration analysis is presented to study the effect of TE on gear...Transmission error(TE)in geared rotors is a predominant source of inherent excitation at the pitch point of the gear meshing.In this paper,a transverse vibration analysis is presented to study the effect of TE on geared rotors.Due to asymmetry in the TE,it is expected to have both forward and backward whirls excited during rotor whirling,which could be used for its detection.This aspect has been envisioned first time in the present work.To capture this,an approach of orienting the line of action of a gear-pair along oblique plane is considered and the mathematical modeling has been performed of a simple spur gear-pair connecting two parallel shafts at its mid-span with an asymmetric TE.To capture the forward and backward whirls,equations of motion are converted into a complex form that facilitates obtaining response in full spectrum.The response of system model with assumed transmission error and gear-pair parameters has been obtained through a numerical simulation,which shows distinctly the forward and backward whirls due to the TE.Through a simple test rig experimentation,a similar behaviour was observed in transverse vibrations of geared rotors in the full spectrum,which validate the proposed model.展开更多
In this work, inspired by advances in twisted two-dimensional materials, we design and study a new type of optical bi-layer metasurface system, which is based on subwavelength metal slit arrays with phase-gradient mod...In this work, inspired by advances in twisted two-dimensional materials, we design and study a new type of optical bi-layer metasurface system, which is based on subwavelength metal slit arrays with phase-gradient modulation, referred to as metagratings(MGs). It is shown that due to the found reversed diffraction law, the interlayer interaction that can be simply adjusted by the gap size can produce a transition from optical beam splitting to high-efficiency asymmetric transmission of incident light from two opposite directions. Our results provide new physics and some advantages for designing subwavelength optical devices to realize efficient wavefront manipulation and one-way propagation.展开更多
We propose an underwater asymmetric acoustic transmission structure comprised of two media each with a gradient change of acoustic impedance. By gradually increasing the acoustic impedances of the media, the propagati...We propose an underwater asymmetric acoustic transmission structure comprised of two media each with a gradient change of acoustic impedance. By gradually increasing the acoustic impedances of the media, the propagating direction of the acoustic wave can be continuously bent, resulting in allowing the acoustic wave to pass through along the positive direction and blocking acoustic waves from the negative one. The main advantages of this structure are that the asymmetric transmission effect of this structure can be realized and enhanced more easily in water. We investigate both numerically and experimentally the asymmetric transmission effect. The experimental results show that a highly efficient asymmetric acoustic transmission can be yielded within a remarkable broadband frequency range, which agrees well with the numerical prediction. It is of potential practical significance for various underwater applications such as reducing vibration and noise.展开更多
The controls of the pass-bands in an asymmetric acoustic transmission system are investigated numerically and ex- perimentally, and the system consists of a periodical rectangular grating and two uniform brass plates ...The controls of the pass-bands in an asymmetric acoustic transmission system are investigated numerically and ex- perimentally, and the system consists of a periodical rectangular grating and two uniform brass plates in water. We reveal that the pass-band of the asymmetric acoustic transmission is closely related to the grating period, but is affected slightly by the brass plate thickness. Moreover, the transmittance can be improved by adjusting the grating period and other structural parameters simultaneously. The control method of the system has the advantages of wider frequency range and simple operation, which has great potential applications in ultrasonic devices.展开更多
We report both experimentally and numerically that ultra-broadband asymmetric acoustic transmission is realized by a brass plate and a right triangle reflector immersed in water. This exotic phenomenon arises from the...We report both experimentally and numerically that ultra-broadband asymmetric acoustic transmission is realized by a brass plate and a right triangle reflector immersed in water. This exotic phenomenon arises from the asymmetric excitation of the leaky asymmetric zero-order Lamb mode in the brass plate induced by the incident angle of external bulk waves. The results show that the bandwidth of the asymmetric acoustic transmission could reach 2000 k Hz, and the positive transmitted wave is only a single acoustic beam. The device has the advantages of ultra-broadband, single transmitted beam,and simpler structure, which has great potential applications in ultrasonic devices.展开更多
A three-dimensional chiral metamaterial with four-fold rotational symmetry is designed, and its optical properties are investigated by numerical simulations. The results show that this chiral metamaterial has the foll...A three-dimensional chiral metamaterial with four-fold rotational symmetry is designed, and its optical properties are investigated by numerical simulations. The results show that this chiral metamaterial has the following features:high polarization conversion, perfect circular dichroism, and asymmetric transmission of circularly polarized light. A comparison of the results of chiral metamaterials without and with weak coupling between the constituent nanostructures enables us to confirm that the optical properties of our proposed nanostructure are closely related to the coupling between the single nanoparticles. This means that the coupling between nanoparticles can enhance the polarization conversion, circular dichroism, and asymmetric transmission. Due to the excellent optical properties, our metamaterial might have potential applications in the development of future multi-functional optical devices.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12104326,12104329 and 62105228)Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province (2022NSFSC2000)+3 种基金the Opening Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Optical Technologies on Nano-Fabrication and MicroEngineeringfunding by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG,German Research Foundation) under Germany’s Excellence Strategy–EXC 2089/1–390776260 (e-conversion)the context of the Bavarian Collaborative Research Project Solar Technologies Go Hybrid (SolTech)the support from the China Scholarship Council (CSC)
文摘Optical logic gates play important roles in all-optical logic circuits,which lie at the heart of the next-generation optical computing technology.However,the intrinsic contradiction between compactness and robustness hinders the development in this field.Here,we propose a simple design principle that can possess multiple-input-output states according to the incident circular polarization and direction based on the metasurface doublet,which enables controlled-NOT logic gates in infrared region.Therefore,the directional asymmetric electromagnetic transmission can be achieved.As a proof of concept,a spin-dependent Janus metasurface is designed and experimentally verified that four distinct images corresponding to four input states can be captured in the far-field.In addition,since the design method is derived from geometric optics,it can be easily applied to other spectra.We believe that the proposed metasurface doublet may empower many potential applications in chiral imaging,chiroptical spectroscopy and optical computing.
基金Supported by the International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of Anhui Province under Grant No 1403062027the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation under Grant Nos KJ2014A195 and 1308085MA13the Undergraduate Scientific and Technological Innovation Project under Grant Nos AH201310371022,2013jyxml36,2013ZYJS04 and FS201310371082
文摘We show that giant asymmetric transmission and optical rotation for linear polarizations can be achieved by a chiral three-dimensional metamaterial composed of L-shaped and C-shaped metallic particles. Numerical calcu- lations on the electric field distributions indicate that the coupling between the electric dipolar and quadrupolar resonances in the L- and C-shaped metallic particles contributes to these effects.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61078060)the Fund from the Ningbo Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Creative Team,China(Grant No.2009B21007)partially sponsored by K.C.Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University
文摘Just like an electronic diode that allows the electrical current to flow in one direction only, a kind of chiral metamaterial structure with a similar functionality for the electromagnetic wave is proposed. The designed nanostructure that consists of twisted metallic split-ring resonators on both sides of a dielectric substrate achieves asymmetric transmission for a forward and backward propagating linearly polarized wave by numerical simulation in near-infrared band. Difference in transmission efficiency of the optimized structure between the same polarized waves incident from opposite directions can reach a maximum at the communication wavelength (1.55 μm). Moreover, the simulation results of this structure also exhibit strong optical activity and circular dichroism.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 11334005,11574150 and 11564006
文摘A theoretical model which couples the oscillation of cavitation bubbles with the equation of an acoustic wave is utilized to describe the sound fields in double-layer liquids, which can be used to realize the asymmetric transmission of acoustic waves. Numerical simulations show that the asymmetry is related to the properties of the host liquids and the input acoustic wave. Asymmetry can be enhanced if the maximum number density or the ambient radius of the cavitation bubbles in the low cavitation threshold liquid increases. Moreover, the direction of rectification will be reversed if the amplitude of the input acoustic wave becomes high enough.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11965009,61874036,61805053,and 61764001)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China(Grant Nos.2018JJA170010 and 2018GXNSFAA281193)the Innovation Project of GUET Graduate Education(Grant No.2020YCXS019)。
文摘We proposed a sandwich structure to realize broadband asymmetric transmission(AT) for both linearly and circularly polarized waves in the near infrared spectral region. The structure composes of a silica substrate and two sand-clock-like gold layers on the opposite sides of the substrate. Due to the surface plasmons of gold, the structure shows that the AT parameters of linearly and circularly polarized waves can reach 0.436 and 0.403, respectively. Meanwhile, a broadband property is presented for the AT parameter is over 0.3 between 320 THz and 340 THz. The structure realizes a diode-like AT for linearly wave in forward and circularly wave in backward, respectively. The magnetic dipoles excited by current in the two gold layers contribute to the broadband AT. The current density in top and bottom metallic layers illustrates the mechanism of the polarization conversion for broadband AT in detail.
基金Project supported by the National Youth Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11904200 and 11704219)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11774053)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(Grant No.BK20190726)the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(Grant No.18KJD140004)NJUPT-SF(Grant No.NY218099)the Opening Project of the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology(Grant No.hxkj2019007).
文摘This study proposes a bi-layer windmill-shaped metamaterial that consists of resonators, with similar shapes, on both sides of a dielectric substrate. In this study, the second layer is rotated clockwise around the substrate normal at 90°and thereafter flipped in the first layer. Due to the introduction of a windmill-like shape, the resonant structures result in new resonant modes and thus can achieve multi-band high-efficiency cross-polarization conversions and asymmetric transmissions(ATs) for a linearly polarized incident plane wave with a maximum asymmetric parameter of 0.72. Depending on the geometric parameters of our windmill-shaped structures, the AT effects can be flexibly modulated in a broad multiband from 160 THz to 400 THz, which has not been reported in previous studies. These outstanding AT effects provide potential applications in optical diodes, polarization control switches, and other nano-devices.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61875106,62105187,and 61775123)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(Grant No.ZR2021QF010)+1 种基金the Shandong Social Science Planning Project,China(Grant No.21CZXJ08)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2017YFA0701000)。
文摘We numerically demonstrated a novel chiral metamaterial to achieve broadband asymmetric transmission(AT)of linearly polarized electromagnetic waves in terahertz(THz)band.The proposed metamaterial unit cell exhibits no rotational symmetry with vanadium dioxide(VO_(2)) inclusion embedded between Dirac semimetals(DSMs)pattern.The resonant frequency of AT can be dynamically tunable by varying the Fermi energy(EF)of the DSMs.The insulator-to-metal phase transition of VO_(2) enables the amplitude of the AT to be dynamically tailored.The transmission coefficient|T_(yx)|can be adjusted from 0.756 to nearly 0 by modifying the conductivity of VO_(2).Meanwhile,the AT parameter intensity of linearly polarized incidence can be actively controlled from 0.55 to almost 0,leading to a switch for AT.When VO_(2)is in its insulator state,the proposed device achieves broadband AT parameter greater than 0.5 from 1.21 THz to 1.80 THz with a bandwidth of 0.59 THz.When the incident wave propagates along the backward(-z)direction,the cross-polarized transmission|T_(yx)|reaches a peak value 0.756 at 1.32 THz,whereas the value of|T_(xy)|well below 0.157 in the concerned frequency.On the other hand,the co-polarized transmission|T_(xx)|and|T_(yy)|remained equal in the whole frequency range.This work provides a novel approach in developing broadband,tunable,as well as switchable AT electromagnetic devices.
文摘In this paper, we propose a three-layered chiral metamaterial (CMM) that exhibits an asymmetric transmission effect for linearly polarized waves along forwardly and backwardly propagating in the microwave region, which not only realizes the asymmetric transmission effect of multi-frequency points for linearly polarized wave in microwave band, but also breaks through the limitation of single transformation from linear polarization to linear polarization. Numerical simulation results indicate that incident wave for linearly polarized waves will be converted and transmitted as a circularly polarized wave along the forward direction at 8.31 GHz. Moreover, the asymmetric transmission (AT) parameter Δ achieves 0.8 around 12 GHz, proving the existence of strong polarization conversion and diode-like function. The proposed CMM shows great potential applications in high performance linear polarization convertor and isolator in microwave frequency.
文摘In this paper,we propose an ultrabroadband chiral metasurface(CMS)composed of S-shaped resonator structures situated between two twisted subwavelength gratings and dielectric substrate.This innovative structure enables ultrabroadband and high-efficiency linear polarization(LP)conversion,as well as asymmetric transmission(AT)effect in the microwave region.The enhanced interference effect of the Fabry-Perot-like resonance cavity greatly expands the bandwidth and efficiency of LP conversion and AT effect.Through numerical simulations,it has been revealed that the cross-polarization transmission coefficients for normal forward(-z)and backward(+z)incidence exceed 0.8 in the frequency range of 4.13 to 17.34 GHz,accompanied by a polarization conversion ratio of over 99%.Furthermore,our microwave experimental results validate the consistency among simulation,theory,and measurement.Additionally,we elucidate the distinct characteristics of ultrabroadband LP conversion and significant AT effect through analysis of polarization azimuth rotation and ellipticity angles,total transmittance,AT coefficient,and electric field distribution.The proposed CMS structure shows excellent polarization conversion properties via AT effect and has potential applications in areas such as radar,remote sensing,and satellite communication.
文摘This study analyzed the asymmetric price transmission in the international soybean market, using data from the US (Chicago Futures), European (Rotterdam), Brazilian (Paranaguá), Argentinian (Rosario Futures and Rosario Spot), and Chinese (Spot and Futures) markets. The study looked at the price transmission between these markets over a period of almost 10 years, from September 2009 to May 2019. The Phillips-Perron unit root test was used to determine the order of integration of the time series. The Engle-Granger cointegration test failed to find any evidence of cointegration between the Chinese and Argentinian markets with any others of the international markets. The lack of cointegration was associated with highly government intervened markets. The cointegration and threshold test proposed by Enders and Siklos, succeeded in rejecting the Null hypothesis and finding cointegration among the series after structural breaks had been taken into account. The BDS test for nonlinearity showed that most of the time series were nonlinear, which prompted the investigation to look into nonlinear modelling. To evaluate asymmetric price transmission, the study used the Threshold autoregressive (TAR) model and the momentum threshold model (MTAR). The Argentine and Chinese markets were primarily suspected of exhibiting asymmetric price transmission due to structural government intervention. However, the test results failed to reject the null hypothesis and revealed asymmetric price transmission between these markets and the international market. As expected, the results found no evidence of asymmetric price transmission in the Paranaguá, Rotterdam, and Chicago markets. Hence, it can be concluded that symmetric price transmission is more prevalent in the global soybean market than asymmetric price transmission.
文摘Transmission error(TE)in geared rotors is a predominant source of inherent excitation at the pitch point of the gear meshing.In this paper,a transverse vibration analysis is presented to study the effect of TE on geared rotors.Due to asymmetry in the TE,it is expected to have both forward and backward whirls excited during rotor whirling,which could be used for its detection.This aspect has been envisioned first time in the present work.To capture this,an approach of orienting the line of action of a gear-pair along oblique plane is considered and the mathematical modeling has been performed of a simple spur gear-pair connecting two parallel shafts at its mid-span with an asymmetric TE.To capture the forward and backward whirls,equations of motion are converted into a complex form that facilitates obtaining response in full spectrum.The response of system model with assumed transmission error and gear-pair parameters has been obtained through a numerical simulation,which shows distinctly the forward and backward whirls due to the TE.Through a simple test rig experimentation,a similar behaviour was observed in transverse vibrations of geared rotors in the full spectrum,which validate the proposed model.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 11974010, 11904169, 61705200, 11604229, and 11774252)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Nos. BK20171206 and BK20190383)+1 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2018T110540)the Priority Academic Program Development (PAPD) of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions。
文摘In this work, inspired by advances in twisted two-dimensional materials, we design and study a new type of optical bi-layer metasurface system, which is based on subwavelength metal slit arrays with phase-gradient modulation, referred to as metagratings(MGs). It is shown that due to the found reversed diffraction law, the interlayer interaction that can be simply adjusted by the gap size can produce a transition from optical beam splitting to high-efficiency asymmetric transmission of incident light from two opposite directions. Our results provide new physics and some advantages for designing subwavelength optical devices to realize efficient wavefront manipulation and one-way propagation.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11204049 and 11204050)the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University of Ministry of Education of China(Grant No.IRT1228)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(Grant Nos.20122304120023 and 20122304120011)
文摘We propose an underwater asymmetric acoustic transmission structure comprised of two media each with a gradient change of acoustic impedance. By gradually increasing the acoustic impedances of the media, the propagating direction of the acoustic wave can be continuously bent, resulting in allowing the acoustic wave to pass through along the positive direction and blocking acoustic waves from the negative one. The main advantages of this structure are that the asymmetric transmission effect of this structure can be realized and enhanced more easily in water. We investigate both numerically and experimentally the asymmetric transmission effect. The experimental results show that a highly efficient asymmetric acoustic transmission can be yielded within a remarkable broadband frequency range, which agrees well with the numerical prediction. It is of potential practical significance for various underwater applications such as reducing vibration and noise.
基金Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2012CB921504)the Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51239005)+4 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11174142 and 11404147)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(Grant No.BK20140519)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2015M571672)the Training Project of Young Backbone Teachers of Jiangsu University,Chinathe Research Fund for Advanced Talents of Jiangsu University,China(Grant No.13JDG106)
文摘The controls of the pass-bands in an asymmetric acoustic transmission system are investigated numerically and ex- perimentally, and the system consists of a periodical rectangular grating and two uniform brass plates in water. We reveal that the pass-band of the asymmetric acoustic transmission is closely related to the grating period, but is affected slightly by the brass plate thickness. Moreover, the transmittance can be improved by adjusting the grating period and other structural parameters simultaneously. The control method of the system has the advantages of wider frequency range and simple operation, which has great potential applications in ultrasonic devices.
基金Project supported by the Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51239005)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11404147)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(Grant No.BK20140519)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2015M571672)the Scientific Research Project for Graduate Students of Universities in Jiangsu Province,China(Grant No.CXZZ13 06)the Training Project of Young Backbone Teachers of Jiangsu University
文摘We report both experimentally and numerically that ultra-broadband asymmetric acoustic transmission is realized by a brass plate and a right triangle reflector immersed in water. This exotic phenomenon arises from the asymmetric excitation of the leaky asymmetric zero-order Lamb mode in the brass plate induced by the incident angle of external bulk waves. The results show that the bandwidth of the asymmetric acoustic transmission could reach 2000 k Hz, and the positive transmitted wave is only a single acoustic beam. The device has the advantages of ultra-broadband, single transmitted beam,and simpler structure, which has great potential applications in ultrasonic devices.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11304002)the Natural Science Foundation of Education Bureau of Anhui Province,China(Grant No.KJ2013A136)the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province,China(Grant No.1208085MA07)
文摘A three-dimensional chiral metamaterial with four-fold rotational symmetry is designed, and its optical properties are investigated by numerical simulations. The results show that this chiral metamaterial has the following features:high polarization conversion, perfect circular dichroism, and asymmetric transmission of circularly polarized light. A comparison of the results of chiral metamaterials without and with weak coupling between the constituent nanostructures enables us to confirm that the optical properties of our proposed nanostructure are closely related to the coupling between the single nanoparticles. This means that the coupling between nanoparticles can enhance the polarization conversion, circular dichroism, and asymmetric transmission. Due to the excellent optical properties, our metamaterial might have potential applications in the development of future multi-functional optical devices.