Review and update on the management of triangular fibrocartilage complex injuries in professional athletes

Triangular fibrocartilage complex injuries are common in amateur and professional sports.These injuries are mainly caused by acute or chronic repetitive axial loads on the wrist,particularly on the ulnar side and in association with rotations or radial/ulnar deviations.In order to treat professional athletes,a detailed specific knowledge of the pathology is needed.Moreover,the clinician should fully understand the specific and unique environment and needs of the athletes,their priorities and goals,the type of sport,the time of the season,and the position played.An early diagnosis and appropriate management with the quickest possible recovery time are the uppermost goals for both the athlete and the surgeon.A compromise between conservative vs surgical indications,athletes’needs and expectations,and financial implications should be achieved.Arthroscopic procedures should be timely planned when indicated as they could allow early diagnosis and treatment at the same time.Conservative measures are often used as first line treatment when possible.Peripheral lesions are treated by arthroscopic repair,whilst central lesions are treated by arthroscopic debridement.Further procedures(such as the Wafer procedure,ulnar osteotomies,etc.)have specific indications and great implications with regard to rehabilitation.

Analysis on sports and recreation activity-related eye injuries presenting to the Emergency Department

AIM：To investigate the incidence and general characteristics of sports-related eye injuries in patients visiting the Emergency Department. METHODS： A cross-sectional,multi-center,observational study.Patients with an injured eye who visited the Emergency Department at one of nine hospitals in Korea were enrolled.All data were prospectively collected between March and September 2010 using a questionnaire.Eye injuries that occurred during risky sports were examined by gender and age.Additionally,the rate of open globe injuries that occurred with and without protective eyewear was examined for each activity.Continuous variables were compared using Student＇s t-test and categorical variables were compared using Chi-square test.RESULTS： A total of 446 patients had sports-related eye injuries.Teenagers（10-19 years old） and young adults（20-29 years old） had the most eye injuries.Eye injuries accounted for 0.2% of Emergency Department patients.Baseball was the most common cause of sports-related eye injuries,followed by soccer and hiking.Protective gear was worn by 9.4% of all patients.Patients that were 30-39 years of age had the highest rate of protective gear use,followed by patients that were 40-49 years of age.The proportion of sports-related eye injuries that were open-globe injuries was highest for soccer and hiking.CONCLUSION： Although injuries were most common in patients below the age of 10 years,these patients had the lowest rate of protective eyewear use.Injuries in adults over 40 years of age most commonly occurred during hiking,but the rate of protective eyewear use was low.Young athletes should be educated on and provided with protective eyewear and policies protective gear use should be established.For older adults,eye protection should be encouraged,especially during hiking.

Epidemiology of injuries in male and female youth football players:A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological data of injuries in male and female youth football players.Methods:Searches were performed in MEDLINE/PubMed,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,and SPORTDiscus databases.Studies were considered if they reported injury incidence rate in male and female youth(≤19 years old)football players.Two reviewers(FJRP and ALV)extracted data and assessed trial quality using the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology(STROBE)statement and the Newcastle Ottawa Scale.The Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development,and Evaluation approach determined the quality of evidence.Studies were combined using a Poisson random effects regression model.Results:Forty-three studies were included.The overall incidence rate was 5.70 injuries/1000 h in males and 6.77 injuries/1000 h in females.Match injury incidence(14.43 injuries/1000 h in males and 14.97 injuries/1000 h in females)was significantly higher than training injury incidence(2.77 injuries/1000 h in males and 2.62 injuries/1000 h in females).The lower extremity had the highest incidence rate in both sexes.The most common type of injury was muscle/tendon for males and joint/ligament for females.Minimal injuries were the most common in both sexes.The incidence rate of injuries increased with advances in chronological age in males.Elite male players presented higher match injury incidence than sub-elite players.In females,there was a paucity of data for comparison across age groups and levels of play.Conclusion:The high injury incidence rates and sex differences identified for the most common location and type of injury reinforce the need for implementing different targeted injury-risk mitigation strategies in male and female youth football players.

Injury and illness in short-course triathletes:A systematic review

Background:Determining the incidence and prevalence of injury and illness in short-course triathletes would improve understanding of their etiologies and therefore assist in the development and implementation of prevention strategies.This study synthesizes the existing evidence on the incidence and prevalence of injury and illness and summarizes reported injury or illness etiology and risk factors affecting short-course triathletes.Methods:This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.Studies reporting health problems(injury and illness)in triathletes(all sexes,ages,and experience levels)training and/or competing in short-course distances were included.Six electronic databases(Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,MEDLINE,Embase,APA PsychINFO,Web of Science Core Collection,and SPORTDiscus)were searched.Risk of bias was independently assessed by 2 reviewers using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale.Two authors independently completed data extraction.Results:The search yielded 7998 studies,with 42 studies eligible for inclusion.Twenty-three studies investigated injuries,24 studies investigated illnesses,and 5 studies investigated both injuries and illnesses.The injury incidence rate ranged 15.7-24.3 per 1000 athlete exposures,and the illness incidence rate ranged 1.8-13.1 per 1000 athlete days.Injury and illness prevalence ranged between 2%-15%and 6%-84%,respectively.Most injuries reported occurred during running(45%-92%),and the most frequently reported illnesses affected the gastrointestinal(7%-70%),cardiovascular(14%-59%),and respiratory systems(5%-60%).Conclusion:The most frequently reported health problems in short-course triathletes were:overuse and lower limb injuries associated with running;gastrointestinal illnesses and altered cardiac function,primarily attributable to environmental factors;and respiratory illness mostly caused by infection.

Acute ankle sprain in athletes:Clinical aspects and algorithmic approach

Acute ankle sprain is the most common lower limb injury in athletes and accounts for 16%-40%of all sports-related injuries.It is especially common in basketball,American football,and soccer.The majority of sprains affect the lateral ligaments,particularly the anterior talofibular ligament.Despite its high prevalence,a high proportion of patients experience persistent residual symptoms and injury recurrence.A detailed history and proper physical examination are diagnostic cornerstones.Imaging is not indicated for the majority of ankle sprain cases and should be requested according to the Ottawa ankle rules.Several interventions have been recommended in the management of acute ankle sprains including rest,ice,compression,and elevation,analgesic and anti-inflammatory medications,bracing and immobilization,early weight-bearing and walking aids,foot orthoses,manual therapy,exercise therapy,electrophysical modalities and surgery(only in selected refractory cases).Among these interventions,exercise and bracing have been recommended with a higher level of evidence and should be incorporated in the rehabilitation process.An exercise program should be comprehensive and progressive including the range of motion,stretching,strengthening,neuromuscular,proprioceptive,and sport-specific exercises.Decision-making regarding return to the sport in athletes may be challenging and a sports physician should determine this based on the self-reported variables,manual tests for stability,and functional performance testing.There are some common myths and mistakes in the management of ankle sprains,which all clinicians should be aware of and avoid.These include excessive imaging,unwarranted non-weightbearing,unjustified immobilization,delay in functional movements,and inadequate rehabilitation.The application of an evidence-based algorithmic approach considering the individual characteristics is helpful and should be recommended.

Sex differences in injury rates in team-sport athletes:A systematic review and meta-regression analysis

Background:Team-sport players have a particularly high injury risk.Although female sex is considered a risk factor,it is still unknown whether female and male team-sport players,in fact,differ in their injury rates.We aimed to compare injury rates between female and male players by systematically reviewing and meta-analyzing injury surveillance studies of both sexes in order to evaluate sex-specific differences in team-sport injuries.Methods:Studies that prospectively collected injury data for high-level female and male players(age≥16 years)in basketball,field hockey,football(soccer),handball,rugby(union and sevens),and volleyball were included.Two reviewers(AZ and ALR)independently assessed study quality and extracted data for overall,match,training,and severe injuries(>28 days’time loss)as well as data regarding injury locations and types.Incidence rate ratios(IRRs)were pooled in a meta-analysis,and meta-regression analysis was performed when 10 or more studies were available.Results:Of 20 studies,9 studies reported injury data from football,3 studies from rugby,3 studies from handball,1 study from basketball,1 study from field hockey,2 studies from volleyball,and 1 study from basketball and field hockey.For overall injuries,the pooled IRR=0.86(95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.76-0.98)indicated significantly more injuries in male than in female players.For injury location,the pooled IRR showed higher injury rates in male athletes than in female athletes for upper extremity,hip/groin,thigh,ande foot injuries.Female players had a significantly higher rate of anterior cruciate ligament injuries(IRR=2.15,95%CI:1.27-3.62)than male players.No significant sex-specific differences in IRR were found for match,training,severe injuries,concussions,or ankle sprains.Conclusion:Our meta-analysis provides evidence for sex-specific differences in the injury rates in team sports.Further epidemiological studies including both sexes in sports other than football are needed in order to strengthen the evidence.

Impact of training specificity on exercise-induced cardiac troponin elevation in professional athletes: A pilot study

BACKGROUND Release of cardiac biomarkers is common after strenuous endurance exercise,but data on intermittent exercise are scarce.It has not been investigated whether cardiac troponin elevation is influenced depending on the type of exercise that an athlete is adapted to perform.We hypothesized that intermittent but not continuous exercise induces cardiac troponin elevation in professional athletes adapted to high-intensity intermittent exercise.AIM To examine how training specificity impacts high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T(hs-cTnT)release.METHODS Nine professional floorball players participated in the study,which comprised two different exercise tests:a continuous incremental cycle ergometer test and a Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery 2(Yo-Yo IR2)test.Serial assessment of hs-cTnT was performed after the cycle ergometer test and the Yo-Yo IR2 test(baseline,0,2,6,and 24 h).RESULTS No hs-cTnT elevation above the myocardial damage cutoff(≥14 ng/L)was shown after the cycle ergometer test,whereas hs-cTnT levels rose over the cutoff in three of nine participants after the Yo-Yo IR2 test.The hs-cTnT levels peaked at 6 h after both tests,but were significantly higher after the Yo-Yo IR2 test compared to the cycle ergometer test(median hs-cTnT concentration 10.6 ng/L vs 7.8 ng/L,P=0.038).All levels returned to baseline within 24 h.CONCLUSION In professional athletes adapted to high-intensity intermittent exercise,hs-cTnT was significantly elevated after intermittent but not continuous exercise.This principle of specificity training should be considered when designing future studies to avoid misinterpretation of hs-cTnT elevation.

Association between ACTN3 R577X genotype and risk of non-contact injury in trained athletes:A systematic review

Purpose:The aim of this study was to review,systematically,evidence concerning the link between the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism and the rates and severity of non-contact injuries and exercise-induced muscle damage in athletes and individuals enrolled in exercise training programs.Methods:A computerized literature search was performed in the electronic databases PubMed,Web of Science,and SPORTDiscus,from inception until November 2020.All included studies compared the epidemiological characteristics of non-contact injury between the different genotypes of the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism.Results:Our search identified 492 records.After the screening of titles,abstracts,and full texts,13 studies examining the association between the ACTN3 genotypes and the rate and severity of non-contact injury were included in the analysis.These studies were performed in 6 different countries(Spain,Japan,Brazil,China,the Republic of Korea,and Italy)and involved a total participant pool of 1093 participants.Of the studies,2 studies involved only women,5 studies involved only men,and 6 studies involved both men and women.All the studies included were classified as highquality studies(≥6 points in the Physiotherapy Evidence Database(PEDro)scale score).Overall,evidence suggests there is an association between the ACTN3 R577X genotype and non-contact injury in 12 investigations.Six studies observed a significant association between A CTN3 R577X polymorphism and exercise induced muscle damage:2 with non-contact ankle injury,3 with non-contact muscle injury,and 1 with overall non-contact injury.Conclusion:The present findings support the premise that possessing the ACTN3 XX genotype may predispose athletes to a higher probability of some non-contact injuries,such as muscle injury,ankle sprains,and higher levels of exercise-induced muscle damage.

Hip Arthroscopy Has Acceptable Return to Sport Outcomes for the Elite Athlete

Intra-articular disorders of the hip in the elite athlete are common and potentially career threatening. Hip arthroscopy has been shown to be a safe and successful method of treating these conditions. This study examines the effectiveness of hip arthroscopy in facilitating an early return to professional level sport. We prospectively followed 65 professional athletes (mostly Australian Rules Football players) before and after hip arthroscopy using the Modified Harris Hip Score (MHS) and the Non-Arthritic Hip (NAH) Score. We followed them to the 1 year mark and recorded the time required for them to return to sport. Follow-up was achieved in 100% of patients. Intraoperative findings included femoroacetabular impingement, labral pathology and ligamentumteres injuries. Both MHS and NAH Scores showed highly statistically significant improvements up to the 1 year mark. All but 3 athletes returned to professional level sport. The mean return to sport time was 11.9 weeks. The use of arthroscopy to manage common intra-articular hip disorders in elite athletes is safe, effective and facilitates an early return to sport.

Investigating the Prevalence and Risk Factors of Depression Symptoms among NCAA Division I Collegiate Athletes

This study aimed to determine an overall prevalence rate for depression symptoms among National Collegiate Athletic Association （NCAA） Division I collegiate athletes while also assessing various risk factors that may increase an athlete＇s vulnerability to depression. Using a sample of 950 NCAA Division I athletes, it was found that 33.2% of athletes experienced symptoms of depression, contradicting findings from previous studies that have suggested a prevalence rate lower than the general college population. Female athletes （P = 0.00）, underclassmen （P = 0.01）, recently injured athletes （P = 0.05）, and in-season athletes （P = 0.05）, were all found to experience higher rates of depression symptoms than other athletes. It was found that 25.7% of athletes did not know how or where to access mental health treatment at their university, and 44.5% had received no mental health education from their athletic department. The results from this study suggest that depression is a more significant issue in college athletics than previously thought, and they highlight the need for continued improvements to be made in both the understanding of mental health issues in college athletics and the services that are provided to athletes.

有限元方法在脑震荡领域的热点:脑损伤模型、测试方法与防护装备的改进

背景:由身体接触性运动或交通事故造成的脑震荡远比人们想象的更为严重与常见,近年来引起了媒体、医学界及体育界的广泛关注与高度重视。目的:采用文献计量学方法对有限元方法在脑震荡领域的研究热点与趋势进行可视化分析,从而为中国在该领域的研究提供一定的参考。方法:基于Web of Science核心集数据库进行文献检索,检索主题词策略为(TS=(Concussion)) AND TS=(Finite element),利用CiteSpace 6.2.R4可视化工具对纳入文献的作者、国家、机构、关键词及被引文献等进行可视化分析。结果与结论:(1)共计纳入215篇文献,发文量与被引量总体上呈上升趋势;学科分布涉及生物医学工程、生物物理学、运动科学、临床神经学及神经科学等学科,呈现多学科交叉融合的趋势;发文量最多的作者是来自爱尔兰都柏林大学的Gilchrist M,发文量最多的机构是渥太华大学,发文量最多的国家是美国。(2)通过关键词分析发现研究的热点聚焦于脑损伤模型的建立用来模拟和预测脑震荡的损伤;脑震荡损伤机制的解析;防护设备和装置的优化设计。(3)通过文献共被引分析发现脑损伤的预测与评估是该领域的知识基础亦是研究热点。(4)有限元方法运用在脑震荡领域的研究热点主要围绕头部损伤预测为主题展开,结合探索大脑损伤机制以及防护装备的设计与改进。(5)随着人工智能与材料学的进步,未来有限元方法在脑震荡损伤领域的研究热点将集中于脑损伤模型、测试方法与防护装备的改进。

藏族摔跤运动员身体机能及运动后恢复能力研究

目的:探讨藏族摔跤运动员身体机能及运动后恢复能力。方法:在平原对来自西藏自治区体育运动技术学校的藏族摔跤运动员进行生理机能测试,以普通藏族大学生作为对照。测试内容包括身体形态、心肺功能;在常氧和模拟海拔高度(2700m和3800m)检测安静及运动后血乳酸和心率的恢复情况。结果:与普通藏族比较,藏族摔跤运动员身体形态优势主要体现在前臂长、肌肉含量、身体围度、体表面积、克托莱指数方面(均P<0.05);心肺功能优势表现为最大摄氧量和肺功能的增高(均P<0.05);男运动员体脂肪率与第一秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)(r=-0.39)、最大呼气中段流量(MMF)(r=-0.41)呈负相关,肌肉量与用力肺活量(FVC)(r=0.38)呈正相关(均P<0.05);女运动员体脂肪率与FEV1(r=-0.35)呈负相关,肌肉量和BMI均与FEV1(r=0.66,r=0.59)、呼气峰流速(PEF)(r=0.75,r=0.58)呈正相关(均P<0.05)。藏族摔跤运动员身体恢复能力主要表现在:运动员心率恢复速率与乳酸清除率显著快于普通藏族。在常氧状态下,摔跤运动员安静及运动后心率低于普通藏族。运动后血乳酸、乳酸清除率及心率恢复率显著增高(均P<0.05)。在缺氧状态下,摔跤运动员在模拟海拔2700 m、3800 m时运动后血乳酸、心率迅速升高,且随海拔增高而增加(均P<0.05);而乳酸清除率及心率恢复率,均随海拔升高而降低(均P<0.05)。在常氧及海拔2700m时,血乳酸峰值均出现在运动后3min,而海拔3800m时,血乳酸峰值出现在运动后即刻。缺氧导致乳酸累积,提前了血乳酸到达峰值的时间。结论:藏族摔跤运动员心肺功能优势表现为最大摄氧量和肺功能的增高,其心肺功能与身体形态密切相关,表现为肺功能受BMI、体脂率、肌肉量因素影响显著。摔跤运动员身体恢复能力优势表现为:常氧状态下运动后乳酸清除率和心率恢复率增加,缺氧状态下血乳酸及心率随海拔增高而迅速增加。且藏族摔跤运动员运动后恢复能力与海拔高度有关。

山西省女子摔跤运动员2018—2022年比赛和训练期间免疫指标变化分析

目的:探讨山西省女子摔跤运动员比赛和训练期间的身体机能和免疫状态,为教练员采取合理有效的训练措施和方案提供数据支撑,为体育管理者制定科学系统的比赛程序和阶段任务提供方案指引。方法:采用文献资料法、专家访谈法、实验法、数理统计法,对山西省10名女子摔跤运动员2018—2022年比赛和训练期间的免疫指标变化情况进行分析。结果:(1)运动员的免疫机能在冬季集训期整体偏低,在其他3个阶段基本维持正常范围,并呈一定规律波动。(2)备赛期,随着训练强度增大,免疫功能短期变弱;经过干预后,参赛期内免疫功能先升后降,其中赛前升至最佳状态,赛后出现短期降低;调整训练期内,随着身体恢复,免疫机能整体升高,训练强度加大后有所下降,经辅助调理后,9~10月份回升至较佳状态。(3)2018—2022年运动员免疫机能呈现相似的变化规律,无显著性年度差异。结论:山西省10名女子摔跤运动员在2018—2022年参赛和训练期间各免疫相关细胞群和生化指标及变化趋势均处于较理想状态。

羽毛球运动员膝关节损伤影响因素研究

探讨羽毛球运动员膝关节损伤的影响因素,为运动员预防膝关节损伤和快速康复提供经验借鉴。通过文献资料法、问卷调查法、测试法和数理统计法发现,羽毛球专业运动员膝关节损伤发生率较高,且多数为慢性损伤。导致膝关节损伤的常见技术为杀球和跳杀,而功能性动作筛查(FMS)测试能够有效筛查羽毛球运动员的损伤风险。建议羽毛球专业运动员在训练中加强平衡能力的训练,并注意膝关节损伤的预防,以降低损伤发生率和提高运动表现。

不同类型排球鞋对运动员下肢关节损伤的影响

本文对排球运动中常发生的下肢关节损伤展开相关研究。选取15名排球运动员作为受试者,选用鞋中底硬度(邵氏硬度)分别为40、50、60,厚度分别为22、25、28 mm的排球鞋,对受试者慢跑时的主观舒适性、跳跃拦网动作时的生物力学指标进行分析,探究不同类型排球鞋对运动员下肢关节损伤的影响。结果表明,中底厚度为22 mm的排球鞋舒适度最好,硬度为40的排球鞋主观评价最好,也更能起到预防损伤的作用;触地起跳阶段,不同中底硬度排球鞋对下肢关节活动度的影响较小;落地阶段,鞋中底硬度增加,髋关节屈曲活动度显著减小,穿着硬度为40的排球鞋时踝关节外旋活动度显著小于硬度为60的排球鞋。

基于运动员前交叉韧带重建术后步态数据分析重返运动的风险

目的基于运动员前交叉韧带重建术(ACLR)术后的步态数据,分析其重返运动的风险。方法2023年5月至6月,在武汉体育学院招募ACLR术后运动员39例,采用三维动作捕捉系统、表面肌电和三维测力台,记录稳定步态和串联步态数据,并采用K-STARTS测试计算重返运动得分。各步态指标与K-STARTS测试总分之间的关系采用Pearson相关性分析,其中关键指标与重返运动的风险采用线性回归分析。结果在稳定步态中,步时与K-STARTS测试总分呈负相关(r=-0.479,P=0.002),股直肌(r=0.448,P=0.004)和股外侧肌(r=0.595,P=0.001)的激活峰值振幅对称指数与K-STARTS测试总分均呈显著正相关。在串联步态中,重心横向位移距离与K-STARTS测试总分呈显著负相关(r=-0.341,P=0.034),股外侧肌的激活峰值振幅出现时间对称指数与K-STARTS测试总分呈正相关(r=0.320,P=0.047)。回归分析显示,基于稳定步态构建的模型(F=15.818,P=0.001,R^(2)=0.650)的解释度优于基于串联步态构建的模型(F=7.692,P=0.001,R^(2)=0.397)。结论在稳定步态中,步态节奏变异性、对称性指标与重返运动风险相关;在串联步态中,步态平衡性、对称性指标与重返运动风险相关;相比于串联步态,基于稳定步态信息构建的重返运动风险评估模型的解释度更佳,可能更适合作为重返运动风险测试的简易方法。

运动员参保体育保险必要性与重要性的再认识

运动员参保体育保险是运动员职业生涯发展的重要保障,运动员职业与其他岗位职业的工作内容有所不同,运动员在个人职业发展中将会面临各种风险,需要对体育保险进行更加全方位的认识。该研究运用文献资料法、逻辑分析法,结合现有文献对运动员参保体育保险的必要性与重要性进行了系统分析,研究认为,体育保险主要分为社会保障保险、商业保险、伤残互助保险三大类;运动员职业生涯的各种风险迫使运动员必须参保体育保险;参保体育保险对运动员职业生涯的延续、社会保障、职业保障以及运动风险管理具有重要意义。该文就如何提升运动员的体育保险参保意识提出了相应的解决措施。

下肢智能康复机器人辅助训练对脑卒中偏瘫患者下肢运动功能的影响

目的探索智能康复辅助器具对脑卒中偏瘫患者下肢运动功能的影响。方法选取2021年9月至2023年9月厦门市思明区鹭江街道社区卫生服务中心收治的70例脑卒中偏瘫患者为研究对象,分为对照组(采用常规康复训练)和观察组(采用常规康复训练+下肢智能康复辅助器具),每组各35例。比较两组患者下肢的运动、步态、平衡能力、肌力及步行能力。结果治疗前,两组患者FMA(Fugl-Meyer Assessment,FMA)评分、TGA(Tinetti Gait Assessment,TGA)评分、Berg平衡量表(Berg Balance Scale,BBS)评分、腘绳肌肌力、股四头肌肌力、步长、步速、步宽和步频均无显著差异(P>0.05)。治疗后,两组患者FMA评分、TGA评分和BBS评分均明显提高(P<0.001);且和对照组相比,观察组FMA评分、TGA评分及BBS评分提高更显著(P<0.001)。治疗后,两组患者腘绳肌肌力、股四头肌肌力均明显增加(P<0.001);和对照组相比,观察组腘绳肌肌力、股四头肌肌力增加更显著(P<0.001)。治疗后,两组患者健侧步长、患侧步长、步速和步频均明显增加(P<0.001),步宽均显著缩小(P<0.001);和对照组相比,观察组健侧步长、患侧步长、步速和步频增加更明显(P<0.05),观察组步宽缩小更明显(P<0.001)。结论康复辅助器具对脑卒中偏瘫患者下肢运动、步态及平衡能力的改善,下肢肌力的提高,步行能力的改善方面疗效确切。

排球运动员髌骨软骨软化症的损伤机制和康复策略

髋骨软骨软化是一种主要在运动员中常发的病症,会对膝关节的正常功能产生明显影响。其特征症状表现为膝盖前部疼痛,在膝关节弯曲和长时间保持弯曲状态时疼痛加剧。恶化通常发生在奠跳、爬楼梯、跳跃和各种体育动作中。在膝关节弯曲时,可能伴随摩擦感,有时引起周围组织的炎症,导致局部肿胀。进行腿部弯曲、跳跃和转身等动作时运动员可能会感到不适或疼痛。与疼痛同时,运动员可能感到膝盖周围肌肉的无力感,导致关节稳定性降低。髋骨软骨软化会影响排球运动员的运动能力、稳定性和整体表现。在进行尊跳和快速变向等动作时,前膝疼痛加剧,影响集中力和比赛表现。降低膝关节活动度导致跳跃能力和爆发力减弱,影响防守动作和进攻过渡的关键时刻。此外,在快速横移、跳跃和起身等动作中感到不适,降低了运动员的灵活性,制约整体敏捷性并影响比赛的关键时刻。在防守或扑球动作中膝关节易感不稳定性,可能损害运动员的信心和准确性。因此,在排球运动员中探讨髋骨软骨软化具有至关重要的意义。本文阐述了排球运动特有的膝关节动态特征,分析了导致髋骨软骨软化的主要病理机制,并总结了这些运动活动与该病发展之间的相关性。鉴于髋骨软骨有限的再生能力,预防成为防止该病发生的关键焦点。鼓励教练和运动员在训练过程中提高对预防措施的认识,有望减轻损伤发生的可能性,从而提高运动员的表现水平。

军事训练伤防治一体化保障模式探讨

军事训练是提升军事技能和部队战斗力的重要保障,军队医院在军事训练伤防治中发挥重要作用。本文阐述军事训练伤防治一体化保障的研究背景、主要问题、新模式建立和未来思考,以期为提高军事训练伤防治水平,最大限度地保障官兵健康提供理论参考。