Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION Let A be a bounded linear operator on a separable infinitely-dimensional complex Hilbert space (?), denoted by A ∈(?)((?)), and lat A denote the lattice of all invariant subspaces of A. An operator A...Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION Let A be a bounded linear operator on a separable infinitely-dimensional complex Hilbert space (?), denoted by A ∈(?)((?)), and lat A denote the lattice of all invariant subspaces of A. An operator A is unicellular if lat A is totally ordered展开更多
Quantification of currently attainable yield and fertilizer requirements can provide detailed information for assessing the food supply capacity and offer data support for agricultural decision-making.Datasets from a ...Quantification of currently attainable yield and fertilizer requirements can provide detailed information for assessing the food supply capacity and offer data support for agricultural decision-making.Datasets from a total of 5408 field experiments were collected from 2000 to 2015 across the major wheat production regions in China to analyze the spatial distribution of wheat yield,the soil nutrient supply capacity(represented by relative yield,defined as the ratio of the yield under the omission of one of nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P)and potassium(K)to the yield under the full NPK fertilizer application),and N,P and K fertilizer requirements by combining the kriging interpolation method with the Nutrient Expert Decision Support System for Wheat.The results indicated that the average attainable yield was 6.4 t ha^(−1),with a coefficient of variation(CV)of 24.9% across all sites.The yields in North-central China(NCC)and the northern part of the Middle and Lower reaches of the Yangtze River(MLYR)were generally higher than 7 t ha^(−1),whereas the yields in Southwest China(SWC),Northeast China(NEC),and the eastern part of Northwest China(NWC)were usually less than 6 t ha^(−1).The precentage of area having a relative yield above 0.70,0.85,and 0.85 for N,P,and K fertilizers accounted for 52.3,74.7,and 95.9%,respectively.Variation existed in N,P,and K fertilizer requirements,with a CV of 24.8,23.9,and 29.9%,respectively,across all sites.More fertilizer was needed in NCC and the northern part of the MLYR than in other regions.The average fertilizer requirement was 162,72,and 57 kg ha^(−1) for N,P2O5,and K2O fertilizers,respectively,across all sites.The incorporation of the spatial variation of attainable yield and fertilizer requirements into wheat production practices would benefit sustainable wheat production and environmental safety.展开更多
This paper presents a methodology for evaluating the water purification process efficiency attained by 1) jar tests, which are commonly used to determine the treatability of water, and 2) waterworks performance in dif...This paper presents a methodology for evaluating the water purification process efficiency attained by 1) jar tests, which are commonly used to determine the treatability of water, and 2) waterworks performance in different phases of the purification process as well as in its entirety. This methodology provides an important tool for the following: 1) determination of optimised reaction conditions under which water is treatable to its best attainable quality;2) evaluation of the purification process efficiency attained by waterworks during different periods and under different operational conditions;3) comparisons of performance efficiency of different waterworks;and 4) comprehensive commissioning of waterworks and identification of bottlenecks if any exist in process and plant design. This paper describes procedures for pre-processing of water samples to be analysed as well as mathematical formulas for processing of the results obtained. A few examples of the practical application of the methodology are included and the potential to obtain the optimization of waterworks’ purification processes is herein illustrated.展开更多
In order to improve the transform efficiency of bi-stable energy harvester(BEH),this paper proposes an advanced bi-stable energy harvester(ABEH),which is composed of two bi-stable beams coupling through their magn...In order to improve the transform efficiency of bi-stable energy harvester(BEH),this paper proposes an advanced bi-stable energy harvester(ABEH),which is composed of two bi-stable beams coupling through their magnets.Theoretical analyzes and simulations for the ABEH are carried out.First,the mathematical model is established and its dynamical equations are derived.The formulas of magnetic force in two directions are given.The potential energy barrier of ABEH is reduced and the snap-through is liable to occur between potential wells.To demonstrate the ABEH's advantage in harvesting energy,comparisons between the ABEH and the BEH are carried out for both harmonic and stochastic excitations.Our results reveal that the ABEH's inter-well response can be elicited by a low-frequency excitation and the harvester can attain frequent jumping between potential wells at fairly weak random excitations.Thus,it can generate a higher output power.The present findings prove that the ABEH is preferable in harvesting energy and can be optimally designed such that it attains the best harvesting performance.展开更多
English as a popular foreign language in China is learned by many students.The attainment is often considered and talked.There are many factors which affect the learning outcomes. This essay will give a brief introduc...English as a popular foreign language in China is learned by many students.The attainment is often considered and talked.There are many factors which affect the learning outcomes. This essay will give a brief introduction of the aspects concerning the evidence for the relationship between attainment and learner variables.展开更多
Since the 1970′s a steady 2—day wave has been detected in the mesosphere and lowthermosphere by many observations such as meteor radar,partial reflection driftradar,means of satellite radiance measurements and rocke...Since the 1970′s a steady 2—day wave has been detected in the mesosphere and lowthermosphere by many observations such as meteor radar,partial reflection driftradar,means of satellite radiance measurements and rocket measurements.It has beenrevealed that 2—day wave travels westwards with longitudinal wave number three and theinferred vertical wave length of the wave is in excess of 100km.If a global scale展开更多
Previous research suggests that planning interventions lead to increased goal attainment, while other researchsuggests that goal attainment leads to increased well-being. This research integrates these two sets of res...Previous research suggests that planning interventions lead to increased goal attainment, while other researchsuggests that goal attainment leads to increased well-being. This research integrates these two sets of researchfindings by investigating the effectiveness of one goal planning intervention, the SMART goal program, on goalattainment, and thus need satisfaction and well-being, in university students. An experimental design across aone-week period was employed to test whether participants in the experimental group, who received the SMARTgoal instructions, better obtained their goal in comparison to control group participants who did not receive thosespecific instructions. Findings indicated that the SMART goal program led to greater rated goal attainment andneed satisfaction, but not greater subjective well-being (SWB). Nevertheless, one component of SWB, positiveaffect, was greater in the Experimental group. Type of individually chosen self-concordant goal content hadno impact on whether participants attained their goal.展开更多
The Chinese economy has performed steadily within a reasonable range.——Chinese Premier Li Keqiang voiced his confidence in meeting annual economic targets as he met with Italian Senate President Pietro Grasso.Li sai...The Chinese economy has performed steadily within a reasonable range.——Chinese Premier Li Keqiang voiced his confidence in meeting annual economic targets as he met with Italian Senate President Pietro Grasso.Li said during the meeting,adding that China is on track to attain around 7-percent growth for the whole year.展开更多
Beginning with various definitions of rhetoric, the paper gives a survey of some common English rhetoric figures found in College English intensive reading, such as metaphor, simile, transferred epithet, allusion, hyp...Beginning with various definitions of rhetoric, the paper gives a survey of some common English rhetoric figures found in College English intensive reading, such as metaphor, simile, transferred epithet, allusion, hyperbole, personification, metonymy, antithesis, onomatopoeia, double negative, inversion, rhetoric question, parady, transferred negation, and the like. By elaborating the functions of those rhetoric figures, the paper attempts to enhance the students’ rhetoric attainments and arouse their interest in learning English.展开更多
This study investigated the effect of a computer assisted learning (CAL) tool on the development of skills in palpation of the reproductive tract of the cow per rectum (rectal palpation) by fourth-year students in a B...This study investigated the effect of a computer assisted learning (CAL) tool on the development of skills in palpation of the reproductive tract of the cow per rectum (rectal palpation) by fourth-year students in a Bachelor of Veterinary Science (BVSc) degree program. A secondary aim was to determine if animal welfare could be improved by the CAL intervention. The CAL tool was developed to provide: vivid, three-dimensional interactive graphics of the relevant anatomy and skills;a comprehensive glossary of terminology used in association with the skills;and formative assessment tasks. Prior to its introduction to the course, industry stakeholders assessed the CAL tool graphics as an accurate depiction of the procedures. Two consecutive cohorts of students were surveyed prior to (n = 91) and after the CAL intervention (n = 111). Responses to student surveys suggested that post-intervention skills were learned at approximately the same rate as pre-intervention. However, tutor surveys indicated that students in the pre-intervention group may have had insufficient understanding for accurate self-assessment compared to post-intervention students. According to tutors, substantially more students in the post-intervention group gained practical skills at an improved rate and to a higher level of competency. Both student and tutor surveys indicated that there was a minimal discomfort to animals in these practical classes. From an animal welfare point-of-view, it was concluded that the intervention would not result in a reduction in the number of animals required during practical sessions. However, due to the preparation and reinforcement provided by the CAL tool, animals were used more efficiently by students after the intervention, resulting in the attainment of a higher level of skill. Knowledge gained from this study may be relevant to other disciplines requiring students to develop practical skills associated with animals or humans.展开更多
IN the past 10 years many mon-ographs and papers on researchinto the thought of Mao Ze-dong have appeared,but few ofthem have concentrated on the topicof culture.It seems to me that sincethe research is into Mao Zedon...IN the past 10 years many mon-ographs and papers on researchinto the thought of Mao Ze-dong have appeared,but few ofthem have concentrated on the topicof culture.It seems to me that sincethe research is into Mao Zedong’sthought.it should take the conceptof culture given by Mao Zedong inhis writings as the standard.Maowrites,″Any given culture(as anideological form)is a reflection ofthe politics and economics of a giv-en society.″展开更多
The major aims combustion engineers all over the worldare striving at are conservation of energy and allevia-tion of environmental pollution,for which the monitoring and controlof the furnace process are of prime impo...The major aims combustion engineers all over the worldare striving at are conservation of energy and allevia-tion of environmental pollution,for which the monitoring and controlof the furnace process are of prime importance to attain an optimizedcondition of combustion.Oxygen content in flue gas is generallyused as an indicator of whether the right amount of combustion air issupplied.However,it cannot directly reflect the degree of perfectionof the combustion process taking place in the furnace.On the otherhand CO is a product of chemical reaction which directly reflects展开更多
According to the website of the World Intellectual Property Organization, ZTE filed for 2826 applications in 2011. The company moved up from its No. 2 spot in 2010 The statistics also show consistent growth in the num...According to the website of the World Intellectual Property Organization, ZTE filed for 2826 applications in 2011. The company moved up from its No. 2 spot in 2010 The statistics also show consistent growth in the number of international patents that ZTE has filed over the past five years. The number of patents ZTE filed for grew more than 50 per cent yearonyear in 2011.展开更多
Based on the selected policy of Scotland Delivering Excellence and Equity in Scottish Education(2016a)with its context in related concepts and literature support.This essay will focus on the engagement of parents as a...Based on the selected policy of Scotland Delivering Excellence and Equity in Scottish Education(2016a)with its context in related concepts and literature support.This essay will focus on the engagement of parents as a part of narrowing the attainment gap with socio-economic and political factors and what is provided by schools to promote social commitment and achieving equity during the Scottish education process.Critically analysis and reflection of the policy implementation and the way to look forward.As for the main part,the author explains what attainment and attainment gap is,the aim of the policy and discusses the reasonable of the policy through offered evidence.Following the interpretation of“policy as discourse”approach,and whereby how will the Scottish Government and Education Scotland support children and families to closing the attainment gap in this policy.The theory of the forms of social justice will be addressed in this policy.For example,equity,redistribution,recognition,capabilities.After that,the challenges and struggles of the policy implementation will be indicated.Connecting with the practitioner's current situation and concentrates on the relevant skills that will be improved,applied as a practitioner for professional development and the way to cooperate with children’s parents in the context of early years setting.That is why this policy was chosen by the author.Finally,a conclusion with the critical points of the significance of parental involvement during the process of closing the attainment gap will be offered.展开更多
This paper focuses on generalizing different theories towards the age effect on the ultimate attainment of second language learners since it has long been a controversial topic in researchers’mind.In this paper,it gi...This paper focuses on generalizing different theories towards the age effect on the ultimate attainment of second language learners since it has long been a controversial topic in researchers’mind.In this paper,it gives evidences on cases in favor of the Critical Period Hypothesis,which claimed the loss of language learning ability after puberty and presents counter-evidences on the successful acquisition of second language in adult learners.It has reached into a conclusion that consists the viewpoint drawn on previous analysis and confirmed the possibility in ultimate second language attainment for late learners.展开更多
文摘Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION Let A be a bounded linear operator on a separable infinitely-dimensional complex Hilbert space (?), denoted by A ∈(?)((?)), and lat A denote the lattice of all invariant subspaces of A. An operator A is unicellular if lat A is totally ordered
基金This research was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFD0200101)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31801938).
文摘Quantification of currently attainable yield and fertilizer requirements can provide detailed information for assessing the food supply capacity and offer data support for agricultural decision-making.Datasets from a total of 5408 field experiments were collected from 2000 to 2015 across the major wheat production regions in China to analyze the spatial distribution of wheat yield,the soil nutrient supply capacity(represented by relative yield,defined as the ratio of the yield under the omission of one of nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P)and potassium(K)to the yield under the full NPK fertilizer application),and N,P and K fertilizer requirements by combining the kriging interpolation method with the Nutrient Expert Decision Support System for Wheat.The results indicated that the average attainable yield was 6.4 t ha^(−1),with a coefficient of variation(CV)of 24.9% across all sites.The yields in North-central China(NCC)and the northern part of the Middle and Lower reaches of the Yangtze River(MLYR)were generally higher than 7 t ha^(−1),whereas the yields in Southwest China(SWC),Northeast China(NEC),and the eastern part of Northwest China(NWC)were usually less than 6 t ha^(−1).The precentage of area having a relative yield above 0.70,0.85,and 0.85 for N,P,and K fertilizers accounted for 52.3,74.7,and 95.9%,respectively.Variation existed in N,P,and K fertilizer requirements,with a CV of 24.8,23.9,and 29.9%,respectively,across all sites.More fertilizer was needed in NCC and the northern part of the MLYR than in other regions.The average fertilizer requirement was 162,72,and 57 kg ha^(−1) for N,P2O5,and K2O fertilizers,respectively,across all sites.The incorporation of the spatial variation of attainable yield and fertilizer requirements into wheat production practices would benefit sustainable wheat production and environmental safety.
文摘This paper presents a methodology for evaluating the water purification process efficiency attained by 1) jar tests, which are commonly used to determine the treatability of water, and 2) waterworks performance in different phases of the purification process as well as in its entirety. This methodology provides an important tool for the following: 1) determination of optimised reaction conditions under which water is treatable to its best attainable quality;2) evaluation of the purification process efficiency attained by waterworks during different periods and under different operational conditions;3) comparisons of performance efficiency of different waterworks;and 4) comprehensive commissioning of waterworks and identification of bottlenecks if any exist in process and plant design. This paper describes procedures for pre-processing of water samples to be analysed as well as mathematical formulas for processing of the results obtained. A few examples of the practical application of the methodology are included and the potential to obtain the optimization of waterworks’ purification processes is herein illustrated.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11172234)the Scholarship from China Scholarship Council(Grant No.201506290092)
文摘In order to improve the transform efficiency of bi-stable energy harvester(BEH),this paper proposes an advanced bi-stable energy harvester(ABEH),which is composed of two bi-stable beams coupling through their magnets.Theoretical analyzes and simulations for the ABEH are carried out.First,the mathematical model is established and its dynamical equations are derived.The formulas of magnetic force in two directions are given.The potential energy barrier of ABEH is reduced and the snap-through is liable to occur between potential wells.To demonstrate the ABEH's advantage in harvesting energy,comparisons between the ABEH and the BEH are carried out for both harmonic and stochastic excitations.Our results reveal that the ABEH's inter-well response can be elicited by a low-frequency excitation and the harvester can attain frequent jumping between potential wells at fairly weak random excitations.Thus,it can generate a higher output power.The present findings prove that the ABEH is preferable in harvesting energy and can be optimally designed such that it attains the best harvesting performance.
文摘English as a popular foreign language in China is learned by many students.The attainment is often considered and talked.There are many factors which affect the learning outcomes. This essay will give a brief introduction of the aspects concerning the evidence for the relationship between attainment and learner variables.
文摘Since the 1970′s a steady 2—day wave has been detected in the mesosphere and lowthermosphere by many observations such as meteor radar,partial reflection driftradar,means of satellite radiance measurements and rocket measurements.It has beenrevealed that 2—day wave travels westwards with longitudinal wave number three and theinferred vertical wave length of the wave is in excess of 100km.If a global scale
文摘Previous research suggests that planning interventions lead to increased goal attainment, while other researchsuggests that goal attainment leads to increased well-being. This research integrates these two sets of researchfindings by investigating the effectiveness of one goal planning intervention, the SMART goal program, on goalattainment, and thus need satisfaction and well-being, in university students. An experimental design across aone-week period was employed to test whether participants in the experimental group, who received the SMARTgoal instructions, better obtained their goal in comparison to control group participants who did not receive thosespecific instructions. Findings indicated that the SMART goal program led to greater rated goal attainment andneed satisfaction, but not greater subjective well-being (SWB). Nevertheless, one component of SWB, positiveaffect, was greater in the Experimental group. Type of individually chosen self-concordant goal content hadno impact on whether participants attained their goal.
文摘The Chinese economy has performed steadily within a reasonable range.——Chinese Premier Li Keqiang voiced his confidence in meeting annual economic targets as he met with Italian Senate President Pietro Grasso.Li said during the meeting,adding that China is on track to attain around 7-percent growth for the whole year.
文摘Beginning with various definitions of rhetoric, the paper gives a survey of some common English rhetoric figures found in College English intensive reading, such as metaphor, simile, transferred epithet, allusion, hyperbole, personification, metonymy, antithesis, onomatopoeia, double negative, inversion, rhetoric question, parady, transferred negation, and the like. By elaborating the functions of those rhetoric figures, the paper attempts to enhance the students’ rhetoric attainments and arouse their interest in learning English.
文摘This study investigated the effect of a computer assisted learning (CAL) tool on the development of skills in palpation of the reproductive tract of the cow per rectum (rectal palpation) by fourth-year students in a Bachelor of Veterinary Science (BVSc) degree program. A secondary aim was to determine if animal welfare could be improved by the CAL intervention. The CAL tool was developed to provide: vivid, three-dimensional interactive graphics of the relevant anatomy and skills;a comprehensive glossary of terminology used in association with the skills;and formative assessment tasks. Prior to its introduction to the course, industry stakeholders assessed the CAL tool graphics as an accurate depiction of the procedures. Two consecutive cohorts of students were surveyed prior to (n = 91) and after the CAL intervention (n = 111). Responses to student surveys suggested that post-intervention skills were learned at approximately the same rate as pre-intervention. However, tutor surveys indicated that students in the pre-intervention group may have had insufficient understanding for accurate self-assessment compared to post-intervention students. According to tutors, substantially more students in the post-intervention group gained practical skills at an improved rate and to a higher level of competency. Both student and tutor surveys indicated that there was a minimal discomfort to animals in these practical classes. From an animal welfare point-of-view, it was concluded that the intervention would not result in a reduction in the number of animals required during practical sessions. However, due to the preparation and reinforcement provided by the CAL tool, animals were used more efficiently by students after the intervention, resulting in the attainment of a higher level of skill. Knowledge gained from this study may be relevant to other disciplines requiring students to develop practical skills associated with animals or humans.
文摘IN the past 10 years many mon-ographs and papers on researchinto the thought of Mao Ze-dong have appeared,but few ofthem have concentrated on the topicof culture.It seems to me that sincethe research is into Mao Zedong’sthought.it should take the conceptof culture given by Mao Zedong inhis writings as the standard.Maowrites,″Any given culture(as anideological form)is a reflection ofthe politics and economics of a giv-en society.″
文摘The major aims combustion engineers all over the worldare striving at are conservation of energy and allevia-tion of environmental pollution,for which the monitoring and controlof the furnace process are of prime importance to attain an optimizedcondition of combustion.Oxygen content in flue gas is generallyused as an indicator of whether the right amount of combustion air issupplied.However,it cannot directly reflect the degree of perfectionof the combustion process taking place in the furnace.On the otherhand CO is a product of chemical reaction which directly reflects
文摘According to the website of the World Intellectual Property Organization, ZTE filed for 2826 applications in 2011. The company moved up from its No. 2 spot in 2010 The statistics also show consistent growth in the number of international patents that ZTE has filed over the past five years. The number of patents ZTE filed for grew more than 50 per cent yearonyear in 2011.
文摘Based on the selected policy of Scotland Delivering Excellence and Equity in Scottish Education(2016a)with its context in related concepts and literature support.This essay will focus on the engagement of parents as a part of narrowing the attainment gap with socio-economic and political factors and what is provided by schools to promote social commitment and achieving equity during the Scottish education process.Critically analysis and reflection of the policy implementation and the way to look forward.As for the main part,the author explains what attainment and attainment gap is,the aim of the policy and discusses the reasonable of the policy through offered evidence.Following the interpretation of“policy as discourse”approach,and whereby how will the Scottish Government and Education Scotland support children and families to closing the attainment gap in this policy.The theory of the forms of social justice will be addressed in this policy.For example,equity,redistribution,recognition,capabilities.After that,the challenges and struggles of the policy implementation will be indicated.Connecting with the practitioner's current situation and concentrates on the relevant skills that will be improved,applied as a practitioner for professional development and the way to cooperate with children’s parents in the context of early years setting.That is why this policy was chosen by the author.Finally,a conclusion with the critical points of the significance of parental involvement during the process of closing the attainment gap will be offered.
文摘This paper focuses on generalizing different theories towards the age effect on the ultimate attainment of second language learners since it has long been a controversial topic in researchers’mind.In this paper,it gives evidences on cases in favor of the Critical Period Hypothesis,which claimed the loss of language learning ability after puberty and presents counter-evidences on the successful acquisition of second language in adult learners.It has reached into a conclusion that consists the viewpoint drawn on previous analysis and confirmed the possibility in ultimate second language attainment for late learners.