PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE ORE-FORMING CONDITIONS OF THE Au-Pb-QUARTZ VEIN TYPE ORE DEPOSIT,CHINA

PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE ORE-FORMING CONDITIONS OFTHE Au-Pb-QUARTZ VEIN TYPE ORE DEPOSIT, CHINAHe Zhili, Xu Jiuhua, Yang Zhenlin and Du Jafeng(Dept. of Geol., Univ. of Scie. and Tech. Beijing, 100083 Beijing, China)Ore-forming condition, Au-Pb-quartz vein, ore deposit, ChinaThere are few Au-Pb-Quartz vein type ore deposits in other countries except China. It might be related to the geohistory and geotectonic background. However, this kind of ore deposit has an important economical significance in China. Its formation is due to the dis-tinctive geological conditions of china. Wendong Au-Pb-Quartz type ore deposit including Wenyu and Dongchuang in Xiaoqinling gold field is the most typical. It is a polygenetic and compound ore deposit, Jintongcha and other deposits lying to the west of it in Xiaoqinling area are Au-Pb-Quartz vein type ore deposits. Others of this area lying to the east of Jintongcha are Au-Quartz vein type. This phenomenon stems from the zonnal distribution of minernal de-posits

Isotopic Chronological Study of the Huangsha-Tieshanlong Quartz Vein-Type Tungsten Deposit and Timescale of Molybdenum Mineralization in Southern Jiangxi Province,China

The Huangsha-Tieshanlong quartz-vein tungsten polymetallic ore deposit, located in the northern Pangushan-Tieshanlong tungsten ore field in eastern Ganxian-Yudu prospecting areas of the Yushan metallogenic belt, is a well-known tungsten deposit in southern Jiangxi province, China. SHRIMP-determined dating of zircons from the Tieshanlong granite yields ages of 168.1±2.1 Ma （n=11, MSWD-1.3）. Rhenium and osmium isotopic dating of molybdenite from the Huangsha quartz-vein tungsten deposit determined by ICP-MS yields a weighted average ages of 153-3 Ma and model ages of 150.22.1 Ma - 155.4-2.3 Ma. The age of the Huangsha tungsten deposit is 10 to 15 Ma later than the Tieshanlong granite, which shows that there might have been another early Late Jurassic magmatic activity between 150 and 160 Ma, a process which is closely related with tungsten mineralization in this area. The Tieshanlong granite, the Hnangsha tungsten deposit and the Pangushan-Tieshanlong ore field were all formed around 150-170 Ma, belonging to products of a Mesozoic second large-scale mineralization. According to the collected molybdenite Re-Os dating results in southern Jiangxi province, the timescale of the associated molybdenum mineralization is 2-6 Ma in the tungsten deposit and the timescale of independent molybdenum mineralization is 1-4 Ma, implying the complexity of tungsten mineralization. Times of molybdenum mineralization are mainly concentrated in the Yanshanian, which includes three stages of 133-135 Ma, 150-162 Ma, and 166-170 Ma, respectively. The 150-162 Ma-stage is in accordance with ages of large-scale WoSn mineralization, which is mainly molybdenum mineralization characterized by associated molybdenum mineralization with development of an even greater-intensity independent molybdenum mineralization. Independent molybdenum mineralization occurred before and after large-scale W-Sn mineralization, which indicates that favorable prospecting period for molybdenum may be in Cretaceous and early late Jurassic.

Rb-Sr Isotopic Chronology of the Au-Bearing Quartz Veins in Gold Deposits in the Eastern Part of North China Platform

In the eastern part of China there had occurred large\|scale gold mineralization during the Mesozoic, resulting in a large number of important gold ore\|concentrated areas. In this paper we have selected some isotope data (including four gold deposits previously studied and two gold deposits in this work) of Au\|bearing quartz veins of the representative gold deposits in six important gold ore\|concentrated areas in the periphery of the North China Platform and calculated their metallogenic ages using the method of Ludwig (2.90 version). The results show that the representative gold deposits in the six gold ore\|concentrated areas were formed during the Mesozoic.

U-Pb SHRIMP Dating of Zircon from Quartz Veins of the Yangshan Gold Deposit in Gansu Province and Its Geological Significance

The Yangshan gold deposit is a super-large fine-grained disseminated gold deposit located in southern Gansu Province. Its metallogenic age has been determined by using the cathodoluminescence image and ion probe U-Pb dating techniques. It is found that zircons from quartz veinlet of the fine-grained disseminated gold ore show characters of magmatic origin with prism idiomorphism, oscillatory zoning and dominant Th/U ratios of 0.5-1.5. Three main populations of zircons are obtained, giving average 206Pb/238U ages of 197.6±1.7 Ma, 126.9±3.2 Ma and 51.2±1.3 Ma respectively. The first age corresponds to the K-Ar age of the plagiogranite dike, while the latter two ages indicate that buried Cretaceous and Tertiary intrusives exist in the orefield, suggesting that the Yangshan gold deposit was genetically related to the three magmatic hydrothermal activities. By contrast, zircons from coarse gold-bearing quartz vein in the mining area are much older than the host rock, indicating that the vein was formed earlier and was not contaminated by later magmatic fluids. It is concluded that the coupling of multiperiodic hydrothermal activities in the mining area has contributed a lot to mineralization of the Yangshan gold deposit.

The Bulong Gold Deposit-a Quartz-Barite Vein Type Gold Deposit in Xinjiang:Geological Characteristics and S, He and Ar Isotopic Compositions

The Bulong gold deposit, located in the southwest Tianshan in China, occurs in the Upper Devonian finegrained clastic rocks. The gold orebodies are controlled by an gently inclined interlayer fractured zone. They are hosted only in quartz-barite veins though there are barite veins and quartz veins in the ore district. The δ34S values of pyrite in the ores range from 14.6‰ to 19.2‰ and those of barite from 35.0‰ to 39.6‰, indicating that the sulfur was derived from the strata. 3He/4He ratios of fluid inclusions in pyrite are 0.24-0.82 R/Ra, approximating to that of the crust. The 40Ar/39Ar ratios range from 338 to 471, slightly higher than that of the atmosphere. 40Ar /4He ratios of ore fluids range from 0.015 to 0.412 with a mean of 0.153. Helium and argon isotope compositions of fluid inclusions show that the ore fluids of the Bulong gold deposit were mainly derived from the crust.

Genesis and Geological-Geochemical Characters of the Rushan Gold Deposit, Shandong, China

The Rushan gold deposit, explored in recent years in the Jiaodong area, Shandong Province is a quartz vein-type gold deposit hosted in granite. The temperature of its major mineralization episode is between 220℃ and 280℃. The salinity of the ore-forming fluid is 5 % to 9% NaCl equivalent, with H2O and CO2 as the dominant gas constituents. The fluid is rich in Na+, Ca+ and Cl-, but relatively impoverished in K+ and F-, characterized by either Ca2+ >Na+ >K+ (in three samples) or Na+ > Ca2+ > K+ (in six samples). Hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in the ore-forming fluid are highly variable with δ18 OH2O ranging between -7. 70‰ and 5. 97‰ and δDH2O between - 128‰ and - 71‰. The possibility of lamprophyre serving as the source of gold can be excluded in view of its low gold content on the order of 2. 5 × 10 -9. Rb-Sr isochron ages of the deposit and the host Kunyushan granite are (104. 8±1. 5) Ma and 134. 6 Ma respectively with the respective initial Sr ratios of 0. 71307 and 0. 7096. It is considered that the emplacement of the lamprophyre under a tensile environment had provided sufficient heat energy to facilitate deep circulation of meteoric water by which ore metals were extracted from the Kunyushan granite through long-term water-rock reaction.

Genesis and Geological and Geochemical Characteristics of Qixia Gold Deposit, Shandong, China

The Qixia gold deposit is one of the important quartz vein-type deposits hosted inmetamorphic rocks in the east of Shandong, China. Compositionally the wolframite which isassociated with gold mineralization in the deposit is rich in iron, but poor in manganese, showing that this mineral crystallized from hydrothermal solution at low temperature. The temperatures at the main metallogenic stage of the Qixia gold deposit are Within the range of 160 -270t. The gaseous phases in fluid inclusions are dominated by H2O and CO2, while Na+,Ca2+ and Cl- are the major species in the fluid phase with K+ and F- present in relativelysmall amounts. The salinities of fluids are 4. 2 wt% - 8. 0 wt% NaCl equiv. Meanwhile, thefluid is characterized by either Ca2+ > Na+ > K+ (in five samples) or Na+ > Ca2 + > K+ (in twosamples), quite similar to the composition of ore-forming fluid derived from meteoric water.Primary data on the hydrogen and oxygen isotopic compositions of the ore-forming fluid fallwithin a wide range: δ%H2o = - 56‰-95‰ and δ18OH2O=- 3.6‰-4. 5‰ relative toSMOW. These isotopic values fully reflect the distribution features of meteoric water which hasexchanged with the metamorphic rocks of the Jiaodong Group at different temperatures and W/R ratios, and the metallogenic process is characterized by low W/R ratios. The Rb-Sr isochronage of the Qixia gold deposit is 125. 8 ± 1. 7 Ma, with (87Sr/86Sr) being 0. 7168, and the timeinterval between the gold deposit and its country rocks (granite or metamoprhic rocks) is verylarge. The formation Of the Qiaxia gold deposit is directly related to the evolution of geologicalhistory in eastern Shandong, and a genetic model in which the deep convective circulating meteoric water reacts with the country rocks can be used to explain the metallogenic mechanism ofthe deposit.

辽东半岛五龙金矿外围电性特征及找矿意义

辽东五龙金矿经过80余年的开采,矿山资源储备严重下滑,后备资源不足问题日益突出,亟需查明矿区深部和外围矿产资源。通过在v163号脉西北和东南两侧以及100号断裂南侧开展瞬变电磁法测量工作,构建了相应的二维和三维地电模型,分析了矿区低阻异常特征;结合前人研究成果,推断出金矿成因类型和下一步找矿方向。研究结果表明:v163号脉西北方向P0剖面上低阻区是由包括163号脉西北段的细粒闪长岩脉群引起的,属于石英脉型成矿的可能性较大;100号断裂南侧三维地电模型中的低阻区域与大孤顶子金矿矿化点相对应,该低阻区向北侧深部规模增大,异常未封闭,表明该区域北侧深部具有良好的找矿前景,值得进一步开展研究工作;v163号脉东南方向的三维地电模型中,低阻异常值在数量级上明显低于前二者,推测为蚀变带引起,后经工程验证孔揭露,该区域纵向存在多层不连续的硅化蚀变岩,最大厚度为41m,蚀变类型有硅化、绢云母化、绿泥石化以及不同程度的黄铁矿化。研究表明,五龙金矿不仅存在石英脉型金矿体,还有蚀变岩型金矿体,后者可能是该矿区下一个找矿的主要方向。

The metallogenic models of gold deposits of quartz vein type and altered rock type

Metallogenic models of gold deposits of quartz vein type and altered rock type will be dis-cussed in this note. They are considered to be closely related to granite spatially andgenetically.

瑶岗仙钨矿床两类白钨矿地质特征对比研究

瑶岗仙矿床是南岭地区典型的石英脉型黑钨矿床,并伴生石英脉型和矽卡岩型两类白钨矿化。经过野外地质现象系统的观察以及精细的镜下矿物学研究,厘定了两种类型白钨矿化的成矿阶段,对不同类型白钨矿进行了宏观和微观地质特征对比。结果表明,石英脉型和矽卡岩型白钨矿的成矿环境、成矿规模、显微组构等有着明显区别。通过对比两种矿体白钨矿的岩相学特征,约束不同类型白钨矿的成矿过程与成矿作用。

庄河市新房金矿区找矿方向探讨

庄河市新房金矿区为辽南地区新发现的大型矿床,属庄河-桓仁断裂构造体系,区内褶皱构造发育程度一般,断裂构造较为发育,庄凤构造虽然为区域内规模最大构造,但属导矿构造,其次级构造燕山期构造为成矿期控矿构造,矿体多而分散,研究区域成矿规律对找矿突破有着重要指导意义。通过分析该矿区区的地质特征、矿体特征、矿床成因。明确了该矿床以充填、交代为主,属于中-低温热液交代充填型成因。含金地质体赋存于太古界鞍山群变片麻岩地层内,具明显层控性,主要为石英脉、硅钾蚀变岩二类含金地质体,两者呈迭加过渡关系或单独产出,属石英脉和硅钾蚀变岩型金矿,指出元古代盖层与太古代基底接触带部位是找矿有利靶区。

东部非洲厄立特里亚Augaro金矿区特征及找矿预测

东部非洲厄立特里亚矿产资源丰富,Augaro金矿区位于该国最大的碧莎(Bisha)—扎拉(Zara)铜金成矿带内。通过地质调查发现金矿主要富集于石英脉中,第二期呈灰白、粉红色石英脉为主要的赋矿脉体;通过地球化学水系沉积物勘查,圈出9处Au元素异常区域,结合其他元素异常分布、套合关系及成矿地质背景,判断不同元素异常的内在联系,共圈定10处综合异常区域;通过地球物理磁异常勘查,测区的北部异常区呈椭圆状,中部呈现较为复杂正磁异常,南部主要为负磁异常。结合石英-硫化物型金矿高阻高极化激电异常特征,对激电异常进行综合分析,圈出具有较好成矿背景的异常带。综合分析Augaro金矿特征,判断该矿区具有良好的找矿前景。

山东旧店金矿床花岗岩类锆石U-Pb年龄及对招平断裂带南段岩浆活动规律的约束

山东旧店金矿床位于胶东半岛招平断裂带南段,是以石英脉型矿化为主的中型金矿床。矿区内花岗岩类十分发育,类型多样,但是对这些花岗岩类的形成时代和成因一直缺乏深入研究,制约了对该矿床成矿地球动力学背景的认识。对该矿床4号、6号和12号矿脉出露的花岗质片麻岩、含石榴子石二长花岗岩、黑云二长花岗岩及花岗伟晶岩开展了详细的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,获得花岗质片麻岩年龄为709.1±4.1 Ma(6号脉),含石榴子石二长花岗岩年龄为164.1±1.9 Ma(4号脉),黑云二长花岗岩年龄为157.5±1.1 Ma(4号脉)和145.2±1.5 Ma(6号脉),花岗质伟晶岩年龄为146.5±0.7 Ma(12号脉)。综合野外地质特征和前人研究结果表明,旧店金矿床存在新元古代、晚侏罗世和早白垩世3期岩浆活动,其中晚侏罗世含石榴子石二长花岗岩和黑云二长花岗岩形成于岩石圈由挤压向伸展转变阶段,均为S型花岗岩,它们既是该矿床的赋矿岩体,同时可能也是成矿母岩。

海南高通岭石英脉型钼矿床成矿流体来源与成矿机制研究

高通岭矿床是海南岛典型的石英脉型钼矿床。基于流体包裹体以及H、O、S、Pb同位素研究,本文对高通岭石英脉型钼矿床成矿流体性质、成矿物质来源及成矿机制进行了讨论。结果表明,①流体包裹体以富液两相水溶液(A-L型)为主,次为富液两相含CO_(2)水溶液(AC-L型)和富气两相含CO_(2)溶液(AC-V型);A-L及AC-L型包裹体均一成液相,AC-V型包裹体均一成气相。均一成液相和均一成气相的包裹体共生指示流体不混溶或沸腾。拉曼结果显示流体成分以H_(2)O为主,其次是CO_(2),含微量N2、CH4和H_(2)等气体;成矿期流体包裹体均一温度为180~280℃,盐度为4.0%~8.2%NaCleqv;②H-O同位素组成显示成矿流体具有岩浆水与大气降水混合特点;δ34S值域为-0.9‰~5.5‰,均值2.8‰,属于深源硫;③Pb同位素组成及特征参数暗示其具有岩浆作用带来的地幔Pb与上地壳Pb混合成因。据此,高通岭钼矿床成矿流体主体来源于壳幔岩浆源区,上升过程可能萃取了少量壳源岩石的Mo;来自壳幔源区的初始流体与大气降水的混合发生在成矿部位及其附近,其作用主要是导致成矿流体温度、压力、盐度降低,是高通岭钼矿成矿的主要机制。断裂作用及其引起沸腾、排气作用进一步促进了成矿物质的结晶沉淀。

江西大余青石钨矿床地质特征及找矿意义

青石钨矿地处南岭东段罗霄—诸广隆起九龙脑岩体南东内侧,含钨石英脉受近东西向裂隙系统控制,属内接触带石英脉型钨矿床,钨矿体由石英脉及两侧云英岩组成,矿石矿物主要为黑钨矿、白钨矿。采用了地质勘查及岩矿鉴定,结合多元素分析、物相分析、矿物组成测定、钨元素嵌布粒度测定等手段,对比了类似矿床矿石特征,论述了钨的赋存状态及其分布规律,所形成的青石钨矿找矿新成果,为九龙脑岩体及周边寻找内接触带型钨矿有借鉴意义。

铜陵市林家冲老硐地质特征及其找矿意义

铜陵市林家冲老硐中的金矿化脉产于石英闪长斑岩中,位于辉石闪长岩的外接触带;围岩蚀变和金的矿化严格受曹家冲断裂带的次级断裂控制,与金矿化相关的热液蚀变有黄铁绢英岩化、硅化和黄铁矿化;金矿化类型为石英-黄铁矿脉型。林家冲老硐附近的迪龙冲金矿亦产于石英斑岩中,但在控矿构造特征和金矿化类型方面二者具有一定差异。研究认为,不同的控矿构造中均可以出现蚀变和多矿化,但矿化类型和矿化规模可有区别;舒家店地区的3个岩体(石英闪长斑岩、辉石闪长岩和石英二长闪长岩)均为铜、金矿的成矿岩体和赋矿岩石;舒家店地区的铜矿化和金矿化是同期不同矿化阶段的关系,斑岩型铜(金)矿床位于热液活动的中心部位(与辉石闪长岩范围相当),而脉状金矿床(点)则产于热液活动中心周边的岩体或地层中,受断裂(裂隙)的控制,这一特点与斑岩矿床的分带规律是一致的。

江西莳山矿区石英细脉带型钨矿的发现

江西鄱阳县莳山钨矿是一个老矿山,2019年因可采钨资源枯竭而停产。矿区地处赣北—皖南钨锡多金属成矿带东段,具备石英细脉带型钨矿的成矿条件。矿山接替资源找矿以石英细脉带型钨矿为主要研究目标,采用地质、化探综合找矿方法,在矿区新发现了石英细脉带中型钨矿,WO3资源量10593 t,使濒临关闭的老矿山重获生机。本文论述了区域成矿地质背景、矿区地质特征和石英细脉带型钨矿床特征,总结了矿区找矿思路及石英细脉带型钨矿的发现评价过程,以期对钨锡老矿山接替资源找矿增储工作有所裨益。

云南保山浪堆山金矿地质特征及成因浅析

云南保山浪堆山金矿体总体呈脉状赋存于寒武系沙河厂组碳酸盐岩向东倾斜的一组节理裂隙或断层破碎带中,受构造和地层双重控制,含矿围岩为厚层灰岩、鲕状灰岩夹粉砂质板岩。矿床成因类型为中低温热液石英脉型金矿床。

内蒙古赤峰维拉斯托大型锡多金属矿的地质地球化学特征

2014年发现的维拉斯托锡锌矿是继20世纪末该矿区铜锌矿之后的重要找矿进展,已控制Sn金属资源量10万t。成矿作用与隐伏花岗岩体有关,该岩体侵入于前寒武纪变质岩中。矿化类型包括岩体顶部的花岗岩型锡锌矿、岩体外侧的石英脉型锡锌矿以及外围的铜锌矿。针对花岗岩、各类矿体开展了岩石学、矿床学、主微量元素地球化学、年代学等研究,初步查明岩浆演化机制、矿床成因及三类矿化的关系。细粒斑状碱长花岗岩La-ICPMS锆石UPb年龄(139.5±1.2)Ma(MSWD=3.3)。岩石中发育多级斑晶,结晶(沉淀)顺序为钠长石→石英→钾长石→钠长石→石英、黄玉、锡石、闪锌矿。花岗岩富Si O2贫Al2O3、Ti O2、TFe2O3、Ca O等,高Rb、Cs、Nb、Ta及W、Mo、Bi、Cu、Zn、In等元素,低Sr、Ba等,钠长石An<0.3,与锡钨多金属矿成矿花岗岩性质相似。岩浆晚期经历了岩浆-热液过渡阶段(浆液过渡态流体),自硅酸盐相中分离出富Si、富F和富S的流体相,分别形成花岗岩型矿石中的石英、黄玉、锡石-闪锌矿囊状体(珠滴),伴随熔融包裹体和熔流包裹体,晚期逐渐、连续地向热液阶段过渡。岩浆-热液过渡阶段在岩体顶部形成花岗岩型锡锌矿石,热液阶段在岩体外侧和外围形成石英脉型锡锌矿及铜锌矿、铅锌银矿。这些矿体连同成矿花岗岩共同构成岩浆-热液型锡多金属矿床成矿系统。锡林郭勒—赤峰地区,很多脉状铅锌银矿的成矿作用与酸性侵入岩有关,深部可能存在大规模岩浆-热液型锡(钨)多金属矿。

黔东南石英脉型金矿毒砂Re-Os同位素定年及其地质意义

黔东南石英脉型金矿床是雪峰多金属成矿带的重要组成部分,有较好的找矿前景,但对该区成矿理论的认识,特别是在成矿物质来源、成矿时代以及成矿动力学背景的认识上仍存在很大分歧。本次研究分别对该区两个主要金矿床(平秋、金井)的载金矿物——毒砂进行了Re-Os同位素定年研究。测试结果表明,平秋金矿蚀变岩型毒砂等时线年龄为400±24Ma,MSWD=0.96,初始187Os/188Os=1.24±0.57;金井金矿石英大脉型毒砂等时线年龄为174±15Ma,MSWD=1.07,初始187Os/188Os=8.04±0.45。前者属于加里东期,并与该区存在的东西向基底剪切断裂形成时期一致;后者属印支—燕山期,与雪峰地区存在的中酸性岩体以及黔东南地区广泛存在的隐伏岩体应属同期岩浆-构造活动产物。通过硫化物的Re-Os同位素定年研究,首次报道了该区至少存在加里东期、印支—燕山期两个重要的金成矿期。初始187Os/188Os值则反映该区金矿成矿物质来源于地壳。