As one of the external mechanisms to protect investors,the quality of CPA auditing influences the profit of the investor directly.This paper studies the A-share listed companies in China from2009to 2011,with logistic ...As one of the external mechanisms to protect investors,the quality of CPA auditing influences the profit of the investor directly.This paper studies the A-share listed companies in China from2009to 2011,with logistic regression,re-evaluating and exploring the influence factors to the auditing quality of CPA from the perspectives of the size of accountant firms and the profit management level.It finds that the size of accountant firms and the auditing quality are positively correlated with each other,but the statistics are not significant;however,the profit management level influences the auditing quality significantly.Besides,this paper finds that compared with the small-sized accountant firms,the profit management level and the auditing quality of those big-sized accountant firms are correlated with each more significantly.展开更多
The transformation of internal auditing (IA) from the function of supervision, management and control-oriented to governance-oriented are fulfilled while governance-oriented internal auditing emerging from the deman...The transformation of internal auditing (IA) from the function of supervision, management and control-oriented to governance-oriented are fulfilled while governance-oriented internal auditing emerging from the demand of corporate governance. The governance-oriented internal auditing (GOIA) is a risk-based assurance and consulting activity designed to add value into the organization focusing on the effectiveness of corporate governance in supervision and assessment by compound professional aims. Governance-oriented internal auditing includes board auditing, strategic auditing, management responsibility auditing and risk management auditing, etc..展开更多
This paper explores the audit risks associated with the recognition of data assets on financial statements,focusing on the complexities arising from their replicability,unique valuation patterns,and contextual depende...This paper explores the audit risks associated with the recognition of data assets on financial statements,focusing on the complexities arising from their replicability,unique valuation patterns,and contextual dependencies.It identifies major misstatement risks at both the financial statement and assertion levels,including the potential for management to exaggerate data asset values,uncertainties in valuation methods,and deficiencies in data governance and internal controls.Additionally,auditors’lack of professional knowledge and inappropriate audit methods can lead to inspection risks.The paper emphasizes the urgent need for enhanced accounting standards for data assets,effective guidelines for their recognition and measurement,and robust internal controls.Furthermore,it advocates for the exploration of effective valuation methods and the incorporation of advanced technologies,such as big data and AI,into auditing practices.By improving auditor training and methodologies,organizations can better manage the inherent risks associated with data asset auditing.展开更多
BACKGROUND Effective management of major cardiovascular risk factors is of great importance to reduce mortality from cardiovascular disease(CVD).The Survey of Risk Factors in Coronary Heart Disease(SURF CHD)II study i...BACKGROUND Effective management of major cardiovascular risk factors is of great importance to reduce mortality from cardiovascular disease(CVD).The Survey of Risk Factors in Coronary Heart Disease(SURF CHD)II study is a clinical audit of the recording and management of CHD risk factors.It was developed in collaboration with the European Association of Preventive Cardiology and the European Society of Cardiology(ESC).Previous studies have shown that control of major cardiovascular risk factors in patients with established atherosclerotic CVD is generally inadequate.Azerbaijan is a country in the South Caucasus,a region at a very high risk for CVD.AIM To assess adherence to ESC recommendations for secondary prevention of CVD based on the measurement of both modifiable major risk factors and their therapeutic management in patients with confirmed CHD at different hospitals in Baku(Azerbaijan).METHODS Six tertiary health care centers participated in the SURF CHD II study between 2019 and 2021.Information on demographics,risk factors,physical and laboratory data,and medications was collected using a standard questionnaire in consecutive patients aged≥18 years with established CHD during outpatient visits.Data from 687 patients(mean age 59.6±9.58 years;24.9%female)were included in the study.RESULTS Only 15.1%of participants were involved in cardiac rehabilitation programs.The rate of uncontrolled risk factors was high:Systolic blood pressure(BP)(SBP)(54.6%),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)(86.8%),diabetes mellitus(DM)(60.6%),as well as overweight(66.6%)and obesity(25%).In addition,significant differences in the prevalence and control of some risk factors[smoking,body mass index(BMI),waist circumference,blood glucose(BG),and SBP]between female and male participants were found.The cardiovascular health index score(CHIS)was calculated from the six risk factors:Non-or ex-smoker,BMI<25 kg/m2,moderate/vigorous physical activity,controlled BP(<140/90 mmHg;140/80 mmHg for patients with DM),controlled LDL-C(<70 mg/dL),and controlled BG(glycohemoglobin<7%or BG<126 mg/dL).Good,intermediate,and poor categories of CHIS were identified in 6%,58.3%,and 35.7%of patients,respectively(without statistical differences between female and male patients).CONCLUSION Implementation of the current ESC recommendations for CHD secondary prevention and,in particular,the control rate of BP,are insufficient.Given the fact that patients with different comorbid pathologies are at a very high risk,this is of great importance in the management of such patients.This should be taken into account by healthcare organizers when planning secondary prevention activities and public health protection measures,especially in the regions at a high risk for CVD.A wide range of educational products based on the Clinical Practice Guidelines should be used to improve the adherence of healthcare professionals and patients to the management of CVD risk factors.展开更多
The assessment mode of the CPA audit independence risk based on the Rough Set Theory is a risk assessment method and using the Analytical Hierarchy Process, whose aim is to solve the bid management in the process of t...The assessment mode of the CPA audit independence risk based on the Rough Set Theory is a risk assessment method and using the Analytical Hierarchy Process, whose aim is to solve the bid management in the process of the Financial Statement Insurance. Firstly, according to the general instance of the accountant office, the experts grade the risk elements to establish the decision-making table; secondly, construct the judgment matrix using the attribution dependence degree of Variable Precision Rough Set to obtain relative importance, and further get the general importance for all of risk elements; Finally, establish the general assessment mode of the audit independence risk.展开更多
As a crucial supervisory department overseeing economic operations,the audit department plays a pivotal role in safeguarding the healthy development of the country’s economy,exposing corruption,and effectively mainta...As a crucial supervisory department overseeing economic operations,the audit department plays a pivotal role in safeguarding the healthy development of the country’s economy,exposing corruption,and effectively maintaining social and economic peace and stability.The work of auditing involves detecting existing issues,providing remedies,and consistently contributing to national governance.However,as the market economic environment undergoes continuous changes,legal systems advance,and the audit environment becomes more complex,audit risks have gradually gained prominence.The prevention of audit risks has increasingly captured the attention of audit agencies at all levels.This necessitates audit institutions to continually adapt to new challenges,comprehend risks,and exert effective control over them.This article delves into the causes of audit risks,exploring ways to effectively identify and respond to these risks within a complex and ever-changing environment.The objective is to ensure the objectivity and accuracy of audit reports,allowing the audit function to truly serve as an“immune”system,protecting public interests.展开更多
基金the phased achievement of the fund program of basic scientific research business expenses of Jilin University(No.:2011ZZ033)
文摘As one of the external mechanisms to protect investors,the quality of CPA auditing influences the profit of the investor directly.This paper studies the A-share listed companies in China from2009to 2011,with logistic regression,re-evaluating and exploring the influence factors to the auditing quality of CPA from the perspectives of the size of accountant firms and the profit management level.It finds that the size of accountant firms and the auditing quality are positively correlated with each other,but the statistics are not significant;however,the profit management level influences the auditing quality significantly.Besides,this paper finds that compared with the small-sized accountant firms,the profit management level and the auditing quality of those big-sized accountant firms are correlated with each more significantly.
文摘The transformation of internal auditing (IA) from the function of supervision, management and control-oriented to governance-oriented are fulfilled while governance-oriented internal auditing emerging from the demand of corporate governance. The governance-oriented internal auditing (GOIA) is a risk-based assurance and consulting activity designed to add value into the organization focusing on the effectiveness of corporate governance in supervision and assessment by compound professional aims. Governance-oriented internal auditing includes board auditing, strategic auditing, management responsibility auditing and risk management auditing, etc..
文摘This paper explores the audit risks associated with the recognition of data assets on financial statements,focusing on the complexities arising from their replicability,unique valuation patterns,and contextual dependencies.It identifies major misstatement risks at both the financial statement and assertion levels,including the potential for management to exaggerate data asset values,uncertainties in valuation methods,and deficiencies in data governance and internal controls.Additionally,auditors’lack of professional knowledge and inappropriate audit methods can lead to inspection risks.The paper emphasizes the urgent need for enhanced accounting standards for data assets,effective guidelines for their recognition and measurement,and robust internal controls.Furthermore,it advocates for the exploration of effective valuation methods and the incorporation of advanced technologies,such as big data and AI,into auditing practices.By improving auditor training and methodologies,organizations can better manage the inherent risks associated with data asset auditing.
文摘BACKGROUND Effective management of major cardiovascular risk factors is of great importance to reduce mortality from cardiovascular disease(CVD).The Survey of Risk Factors in Coronary Heart Disease(SURF CHD)II study is a clinical audit of the recording and management of CHD risk factors.It was developed in collaboration with the European Association of Preventive Cardiology and the European Society of Cardiology(ESC).Previous studies have shown that control of major cardiovascular risk factors in patients with established atherosclerotic CVD is generally inadequate.Azerbaijan is a country in the South Caucasus,a region at a very high risk for CVD.AIM To assess adherence to ESC recommendations for secondary prevention of CVD based on the measurement of both modifiable major risk factors and their therapeutic management in patients with confirmed CHD at different hospitals in Baku(Azerbaijan).METHODS Six tertiary health care centers participated in the SURF CHD II study between 2019 and 2021.Information on demographics,risk factors,physical and laboratory data,and medications was collected using a standard questionnaire in consecutive patients aged≥18 years with established CHD during outpatient visits.Data from 687 patients(mean age 59.6±9.58 years;24.9%female)were included in the study.RESULTS Only 15.1%of participants were involved in cardiac rehabilitation programs.The rate of uncontrolled risk factors was high:Systolic blood pressure(BP)(SBP)(54.6%),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)(86.8%),diabetes mellitus(DM)(60.6%),as well as overweight(66.6%)and obesity(25%).In addition,significant differences in the prevalence and control of some risk factors[smoking,body mass index(BMI),waist circumference,blood glucose(BG),and SBP]between female and male participants were found.The cardiovascular health index score(CHIS)was calculated from the six risk factors:Non-or ex-smoker,BMI<25 kg/m2,moderate/vigorous physical activity,controlled BP(<140/90 mmHg;140/80 mmHg for patients with DM),controlled LDL-C(<70 mg/dL),and controlled BG(glycohemoglobin<7%or BG<126 mg/dL).Good,intermediate,and poor categories of CHIS were identified in 6%,58.3%,and 35.7%of patients,respectively(without statistical differences between female and male patients).CONCLUSION Implementation of the current ESC recommendations for CHD secondary prevention and,in particular,the control rate of BP,are insufficient.Given the fact that patients with different comorbid pathologies are at a very high risk,this is of great importance in the management of such patients.This should be taken into account by healthcare organizers when planning secondary prevention activities and public health protection measures,especially in the regions at a high risk for CVD.A wide range of educational products based on the Clinical Practice Guidelines should be used to improve the adherence of healthcare professionals and patients to the management of CVD risk factors.
文摘The assessment mode of the CPA audit independence risk based on the Rough Set Theory is a risk assessment method and using the Analytical Hierarchy Process, whose aim is to solve the bid management in the process of the Financial Statement Insurance. Firstly, according to the general instance of the accountant office, the experts grade the risk elements to establish the decision-making table; secondly, construct the judgment matrix using the attribution dependence degree of Variable Precision Rough Set to obtain relative importance, and further get the general importance for all of risk elements; Finally, establish the general assessment mode of the audit independence risk.
文摘As a crucial supervisory department overseeing economic operations,the audit department plays a pivotal role in safeguarding the healthy development of the country’s economy,exposing corruption,and effectively maintaining social and economic peace and stability.The work of auditing involves detecting existing issues,providing remedies,and consistently contributing to national governance.However,as the market economic environment undergoes continuous changes,legal systems advance,and the audit environment becomes more complex,audit risks have gradually gained prominence.The prevention of audit risks has increasingly captured the attention of audit agencies at all levels.This necessitates audit institutions to continually adapt to new challenges,comprehend risks,and exert effective control over them.This article delves into the causes of audit risks,exploring ways to effectively identify and respond to these risks within a complex and ever-changing environment.The objective is to ensure the objectivity and accuracy of audit reports,allowing the audit function to truly serve as an“immune”system,protecting public interests.