Application of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in metabolic alterations of prefrontal white and gray matter in depression adolescents

BACKGROUND Cases of depression among adolescents are gradually increasing.The study of the physiological basis of cognitive function from a biochemical perspective has therefore been garnering increasing attention.Depression has been hypothesized to be associated with the brain biochemical metabolism of the anterior cingulate gyrus,frontal lobe white matter,and the thalamus.AIM To explore the application of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy(1H-MRS)in the metabolic alterations in the prefrontal white matter(PWM)and gray matter(GM)in adolescents with depression.METHODS 1H-MRS was performed for semi-quantitative analysis of the biochemical metabolites N-acetylaspartate(NAA),choline(Cho)complexes,creatine(Cr),and myoinositol(mI)in bilateral PWM,anterior cingulate GM,and thalami of 31 adolescent patients with depression(research group)and 35 healthy adolescents(control group),and the NAA/Cr,Cho/Cr,and mI/Cr ratios were calculated.Meanwhile,Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)and Wechsler Memory Scale were used to assess the degree of depression and memory function in all adolescents.The correlation of brain metabolite levels with scale scores was also analyzed.RESULTS The research group had markedly higher HAMD-24 scores and lower memory quotient(MQ)compared with the control group(P<0.05).Adolescents with depression were found to have lower bilateral PWM NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr ratios compared with healthy adolescents(P<0.05).The mI/Cr ratios were found to be similar in both groups(P>0.05).The bilateral anterior cingulate GM NAA/Cr,Cho/Cr,and mI/Cr also did not demonstrate marked differences(P>0.05).No statistical inter-group difference was determined in NAA/Cr of the bilateral thalami(P>0.05),while bilateral thalamic Cho/Cr and mI/Cr were reduced in teenagers with depression compared with healthy adolescents(P<0.05).A significant negative correlation was observed between the HAMD-24 scores in adolescents with depression with bilateral PWM NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr and were inversely linked to bilateral thalamic Cho/Cr and mI/Cr(P<0.05).In adolescents with depressions,MQ positively correlated with right PWH NAA/Cr,left PWH Cho/Cr,and bilateral thalamic Cho/Cr and mI/Cr.CONCLUSION PWM and thalamic metabolic abnormalities might influence teen depression,and the reduction in bilateral PWM NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr could be related to the neuropathology of adolescents with depression suffering from memory impairment.There exists a possibility of dysfunction of nerve cell membrane phospholipids in the thalami of adolescent patients with depression.

Neurochemical metabolites in the medial prefrontal cortex in bipolar disorder A proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study

The aim of this study was to investigate proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy metabolite values in the medial prefrontal cortex of individuals with euthymic bipolar disorder. The subjects consisted of 15 patients with euthymic bipolar disorder type I and 15 healthy controls. We performed proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the bilateral medial prefrontal cortex and measured levels of N-acetyl aspartate, choline and creatine. Levels of these three metabolites in the medial prefrontal cortex were found to be lower in patients with bipolar disorder compared with healthy controls. A positive correlation was found between illness duration and choline levels in the right medial prefrontal cortex. Our study suggests that during the euthymic period, there are abnormalities in cellular energy and membrane phospholipid metabolism in the medial prefrontal cortex, and that this may impair neuronal activity and integrity.

Quiet rest ameliorates biochemical metabolism in the brain in a simple concussion rabbit model Evaluation of hydrogen proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy

The present study analyzed changes in the biochemical metabolites N-acetyl aspartate, choline, and creatine in a simple concussion rabbit model following quiet rest, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, or interference stimulation through the use of hydrogen proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy detection. Experimental findings showed that brain N-acetyl aspartate and choline peak values significantly decreased, while creatine peak values significantly increased following simple concussion. Following treatments, N-acetyl aspartate and choline peaks returned to normal levels in the quiet rest and hyperbaric oxygen therapy groups, but no changes were observed in the interference stimulation group. Results demonstrated abnormal changes in the brain biochemical metabolism environment following simple concussion. Quiet rest was shown to play an important role in restoration of biochemical metabolism following simple concussion.

Diffusion tensor imaging and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in brain tumor Correlation between structure and metabolism

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and diffusion tensor imaging are non-invasive techniques used to detect metabolites and water diffusion in vivo. Previous studies have confirmed a positive correlation of individual fractional anisotropy values with N-acetylaspartate/creatine and N-acetylaspartate/choline ratios in tumors, edema, and normal white matter. This study divided the brain parenchyma into tumor, pedtumoral edema, and normal-appearing white matter according to MRI data, and analyzed the correlation of metabolites with water molecular diffusion. Results demonstrated that in normal-appearing white matter, N-acetylaspartate/creatine ratios were positively correlated with fractional anisotropy values, negatively correlated with radial diffusivities, and positively correlated with maximum eigenvalues. Maximum eigenvalues and radial diffusivities in peritumoral edema showed a negative correlation with choline, N-acetylaspartate, and creatine. Radial diffusivities in tumor demonstrated a negative correlation with choline. These data suggest that the relationship between metabolism and structure is markedly changed from normal white matter to peritumoral edema and tumor. Neural metabolism in the peritumoral edema area decreased with expanding extracellular space. The normal relationship of neural function and microstructure disappeared in the tumor region.

In vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy of liver tumors and metastases

Primary liver cancer is the fifth most common malignancy in men and the eighth in women worldwide. The liver is also the second most common site for metastatic spread of cancer. To assist in the diagnosis of these liver lesions non-invasive advanced imaging techniques are desirable. Magnetic resonance (MR) is commonly used to identify anatomical lesions, but it is a very versatile technique and also can provide specific information on tumor pathophysiology and metabolism, in particular with the application of MR spectroscopy (MRS). This may include data on the type, grade and stage of tumors, and thus assist in further management of the disease. The purpose of this review is to summarize and discuss the available literature on proton, phosphorus and carbon-13-MRS as performed on primary liver tumors and metastases, with human applications as the main perspective. Upcoming MRSapproaches with potential applications to liver tumors are also included. Since knowledge of some technical background is indispensable to understand the results, a basic introduction of MRS and some technical issues of MRS as applied to tumors and metastases in the liver are described as well. In vivo MR spectroscopy of tumors in a metabolically active organ such as the liver has been demonstrated to provide important information on tumor metabolism, but it also is challenging as compared to applications on some other tissues, in particular in humans, mostly because of its abdominal location where movement may be a disturbing factor.

Urinary nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of a Bangladeshi cohort with hepatitis-B hepatocellular carcinoma: A biomarker corroboration study

AIM: To establish if a distinct urinary metabolic profile could be identified in Bangladeshi hepatitis-B hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients compared to cirrhosis patients and controls.METHODS: Urine samples from 42 Bangladeshi patients with HCC (39 patients with hepatitis-B HCC), 47 with cirrhosis on a background of hepatitis B, 46 with chronic hepatitis B, and seven ethnically-matched healthy controls were analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. A full dietary and medication history was recorded for each subject. The urinary NMR data were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squared discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) techniques. Differences in relative signal levels of the most discriminatory metabolites identified by PCA and OPLS-DA were compared between subject groups using an independent samples Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test with all pairwise multiple comparisons. Within the patient subgroups, the Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare metabolite levels depending on hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeAg) status and treatment with anti-viral therapy. A Benjamini-Hochberg adjustment was applied to acquire the level of significance for multiple testing, with a declared level of statistical significance of P &#x0003c; 0.05.RESULTS: There were significant differences in age (P &#x0003c; 0.001), weight (P &#x0003c; 0.001), and body mass index (P &#x0003c; 0.001) across the four clinical subgroups. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was significantly higher in the HCC group compared to controls (P &#x0003c; 0.001); serum &#x003b1;-fetoprotein was generally markedly elevated in HCC compared to controls; and serum creatinine levels were significantly reduced in the HCC group compared to the cirrhosis group (P = 0.004). A three-factor PCA scores plot showed clustering of the urinary NMR spectra from the four subgroups. Metabolites that contributed to the discrimination between the subgroups included acetate, creatine, creatinine, dimethyamine (DMA), formate, glycine, hippurate, and trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO). A comparison of relative metabolite levels confirmed that carnitine was significantly increased in HCC; and creatinine, hippurate, and TMAO were significantly reduced in HCC compared to the other subgroups. HBeAg negative patients showed a significant increase in creatinine (P = 0.001) compared to HBeAg positive patients in the chronic hepatitis B subgroup, whilst HBeAg negative patients showed a significant decrease in DMA (P = 0.004) in the cirrhosis subgroup compared to HBeAg positive patients. There were no differences in metabolite levels in HCC patients who did or did not receive antiviral treatment.CONCLUSION: Urinary NMR changes in Bangladeshi HCC were identified, corroborating previous findings from Egypt and West Africa. These findings could form the basis for the development of a cost-effective HCC dipstick screening test.

Current and future applications of in vitro magnetic resonance spectroscopy in hepatobiliary disease

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy allows the study of cellular biochemistry and metabolism, both in the whole body in vivo and at higher magnetic field strengths in vitro. Since the technique is non-invasive and non-selective, magnetic resonance spectroscopy methodologies have been widely applied in biochemistry and medicine. In vitro magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies of cells, body fluids and tissues have been used in medical biochemistry to investigate pathophysiologi- cal processes and more recently, the technique has been used by physicians to determine disease abnormalities in vivo. This highlighted topic illustrates the potential of in vitro magnetic resonance spectroscopy in studying the hepatobiliary system. The role of in vitro proton and phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the study of malignant and non-malignant liver disease and bile composition studies are discussed, particularly with reference to correlative in vivo whole-body magnetic resonance spectroscopy applications. In summary, magnetic resonance spectroscopy techniques can provide non-invasive biochemical information on disease severity and pointers to underlying pathophysiological processes. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy holds potential promise as a screening tool for disease biomarkers, as well as assessing therapeutic response.

MUSCLE RESEARCH WORK WITH BRITTON CHANCE FROM IN VIVO MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY TO NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY

Britton Chance has pioneered magnetic resonance spectroscopy(MRS)and near-infrared(NIR)spectroscopy(NIRS)as noninvasive methods for measuring muscle metabolism in vivo from the late 1970s.This review honoring Britton Chance will highlight the progress that has been made in developing and utilizing MRS and NIRS technologies for evaluating skeletal muscle O_(2) dynamics and energetics.Adaptation of MRS and NIRS technology has focused on the validity and reliability of the measurements and extending the methods in physiological and clinical research.Britton Chance has conducted MRS and NIRS research on elite athletes and a number of chronic health conditions,including patients with chronic heart failure,peripheral vascular disease,and neuromuscular myopathies.As MRS and NIRS technologies are practical and useful for measuring human muscle metabolism,we will strive to continue Chance's legacy by advancing muscle MRS and NIRS studies.

Brain metabolic profile assessed by magnetic resonance spectroscopy in children with Down syndrome:Relation to intelligence quotient

BACKGROUND Down syndrome(DS)is one of the most common causes of intellectual disability.Children with DS have varying intelligence quotient(IQ)that can predict their learning abilities.AIM To assess the brain metabolic profiles of children with DS and compare them to standard controls,using magnetic resonance spectroscopy(MRS)and correlating the results with IQ.METHODS This case-control study included 40 children with DS aged 6-15 years and 40 age and sex-matched healthy children as controls.MRS was used to evaluate ratios of choline/creatine(Cho/Cr),N-acetyl aspartic acid/creatine(NAA/Cr),and myoinositol/creatine(MI/Cr(in the frontal,temporal,and occipital lobes and basal ganglia and compared to controls and correlated with IQ.RESULTS Children with DS showed significant reductions in NAA/Cr and MI/Cr and a non-significant reduction in Cho/Cr in frontal lobes compared to controls.Additionally,we observed significant decreases in NAA/Cr,MI/Cr,and Cho/Cr in the temporal and occipital lobes and basal ganglia in children with DS compared to controls.Furthermore,there was a significant correlation between IQ and metabolic ratios in the brains of children with DS.CONCLUSION Brain metabolic profile could be a good predictor of IQ in children with DS.

BOLD-fMRI study of auditory cortex in patients with tinnitus

Objective Blood oxygenation level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI) was used to study activation signals in the brain cortex evoked by tone stimulation in patients with tinnitus for its potential utility as an objective indicator of tinnitus. Methods BOLD-fMRI examination was conducted in 7 patients with chronic tinnitus and 15 control subjects. The activation signal in the brain cortex was recorded. Results Significant activation was found in temporal lobe in control subjects, with greater signal volume and intensity on the contralateral than ipsilateral auditory cortex (P < 0.01). However, there was no discernable patterns in the anatomical location, volume and intensity of cortical activation signals in patients with chronic tinnitus. Conclusions Patients with chronic tinnitus may have abnormal neural activities in the auditory cortex.

H-MR Spectroscopy of the Anterior Cingulated Cortex: Usefulness in the Prediction of Patients That Will Benefit from a Cognitive Behavioural Therapy in the Treatment of Chronic Pain

Anterior cingulated cortex (ACC) is involved in “the state in which patients do not care much about pain despite its presence” which is a goal of psychosomatic treatment. To investigate the absolute concentration of N-acetylaspartate (NAA) in the anterior cingulated cortex (ACC) as predictors of patients that may benefit from cognitive behavioural therapy in the treatment of chronic pain. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) was performed with a 1.5 T MR system on a voxel in the bilateral ACC in 85 chronic pain patients and 20 age-matched normal control subjects. Eighteen out of 24 (75.0%) patients whose NAA concentration decreased significantly in the ACC, respectively, compared to the mean NAA concentration of the normal control subjects, needed cognitive behavioural therapy. Our results suggest that decreased NAA concentration in the ACC is associated with the necessity of cognitive behavioural therapy. 1H-MRS may serve as a useful non-invasive tool for evaluating chronic pain patients.

Changes in energy metabolism in the quadriceps femoris after a single bout of acute exhaustive swimming in rats： a 31p-magnetic resonance spectroscopy study

Background Little is known about the value of 31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy （31P-MRS） in in vivo assessment of exhaustive exercise-induced injury in skeletal muscle.We aimed to evaluate the value of a 31P-MRS study using the quadriceps femoris after a single bout of acute exhaustive swimming in rats,and the correlation between 31P-MRS and histological changes.Methods Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to control,half-exhaustive,and exhaustive exercise groups.31P-MRS of the quadriceps femoris of the right lower limb was performed immediately after swimming exercise to detect Pi,PCr,and β-ATP.The Pi/PCr,Pi/β-ATP,PCr/β-ATP,and PCr/（PCr＋Pi） were calculated and pH measured.Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve （AUCs） were calculated to evaluate the diagnostic potential of 31P-MRS in identifying and distinguishing the three groups.HE staining,electron microscopy and desmin immunostaining after imaging of the muscle were used as a reference standard.The correlation between 31P-MRS and the mean absorbance （A value） of desmin staining were analyzed with the Pearson correlation test.Results Pi,PCr,Pi/PCr,and PCr/（PCr＋Pi） showed statistically significant intergroup differences （P＜0.05）.AUCs of Pi,PCr,Pi/PCr,and PCr/（PCr＋Pi） were 0.905,0.848,0.930,and 0.930 for the control and half-exhaustive groups,while sensitivity and specificity were 90％/85％,95％/55％,95％/80％,and 90％/85％,respectively.The AUCs of Pi,PCr,Pi/PCr and PCr/（PCr＋Pi） were 0.995,0.980,1.000,and 1.000 for the control and exhaustive groups,while sensitivity and specificity were 95％/90％,100％/90％,100％/95％,and 100％/95％,respectively.The AUCs of Pi,PCr,Pi/PCr,and PCr/（PCr＋Pi） were 0.735,0.865,0.903,and 0.903 for the half-exhaustive and exhaustive groups,while sensitivity and specificity were 80％/60％,90％/75％,95％/65％,and 95％/70％,respectively.In the half-exhaustive group,some muscle fibers exhibited edema in HE staining,and the unclear Z-discs and the mitochondria with vacuolar degeneration under electron microscopy.Compared with the half-exhaustive group,muscle fiber edema was increased in the exhaustive group,and the Z-discs were broken and the mitochondria exhibited marked vacuolar degeneration under electron microscopy.There were significant difference in A values of desmin staining in the right vastus lateralis among the control,half-exhaustive,and exhaustive groups with 0.58±0.06,0.30±0.04,and 0.21±0.02,respectively （P＜0.05）.Histological examination also showed injury-induced changes in the vastus lateralis among the different intensities groups.Statistically a moderate correlation between 31P-MRS and desmin was observed,the correlation coefficients of Pi,PCr,Pi/PCr,and PCr/（PCr＋Pi） were-0.706,0.709,-0.726,and 0.791,respectively （P＜0.01）.Conclusions 31P-MRS can effectively reflect the changes in energy metabolism in the skeletal muscle after a single bout of acute exhaustive swimming in rats.Based on the significant correlation between 31P-MRS parameters and histological changes,the changes of Pi,PCr,Pi/PCr,and PCr/（PCr＋Pi） can indirectly reflect the degree of exercise-induced injury.

Neuronal degeneration in the hippocampus and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in depressive disorder Correlation between ~1H-MRS and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory

Previous studies using magnetic resonance imaging（MRI）and functional MRI to study depression have primarily focused on proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy（1H-MRS）appearance in various areas of the brain and volume measurements in the limbic system.However,results have not been consistent.To the best of our knowledge,very little is known about the relationship between 1H-MRS appearance and depression inventory.In the present study,the relationship between 1H-MRS appearance in depressive patients and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 scale was analyzed.MRI and 1H-MRS exhibited widened sulci and cisterns,as well as an absence of abnormal signals in depressive patients.In addition,N-acetyl aspartate/total creatine ratios in bilateral hippocampi and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex were significantly less in depressive patients than in control subjects（P 〈 0.01）.In contrast,choline-containing compounds/total creatine ratios in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex were significantly greater in depressive patients than in control subjects（P 〈 0.01）.These ratios significantly and positively correlated with patient total depression scores as assessed using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 scale（r=0.934 7,0.878 7,P 〈 0.01）.These results suggested that 1H-MRS could be used to reveal a reduced number of neurons in the hippocampus and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex,as well as altered membrane phospholipid metabolism in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex,in patients with depressive disorder.Abnormal mechanisms partially reflected severity of depressive disorder.

月经相关性偏头痛患者脑代谢的磁共振波谱研究

目的采用氢质子磁共振波谱成像研究月经相关性偏头痛(MRM)不同状态下脑代谢情况,并探讨其与临床特征及雌激素孕激素的相关性。资料与方法招募2019年4月—2022年8月河南科技大学第一附属医院神经内科门诊确诊的MRM患者36例,同时招募年龄和受教育程度相匹配的正常女性29例。采用氢质子磁共振波谱成像分别于发作间期(卵泡后期)、发作期(围月经期)检测内侧前额叶皮层(mPFC)和丘脑的主要代谢物N-乙酰天门冬氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)、谷氨酸复合物(Glx)和胆碱(Cho)与肌酸(Cr)的比值。每次MRI成像当天同时采集静脉血检测雌激素孕激素水平。比较发作间期、发作期各脑区两组间代谢物比值及激素水平、围月经期激素下降率的差异,同时观察MRM组从发作间期到发作期脑代谢的变化。结果MRM患者较正常人卵泡后期、围月经期雌激素孕激素水平及围月经期雌激素孕激素下降率均无显著差异(P>0.05)。在发作间期,MRM组左侧mPFC Cho/Cr较对照组降低(U=-2.957,P=0.003),且与发作频率呈负相关(r=-0.398,P=0.018)。在发作期,MRM组左侧mPFC GABA/Cr较对照组降低(U=-2.015,P=0.044),左侧丘脑Glx/Cr较对照组升高(t=2.213,P=0.033),上述结果与临床特点均无显著相关性(P>0.05)。MRM患者从发作间期到发作期GABA/Cr未发生显著变化(P>0.05),而右侧丘脑Glx/Cr显著升高(t=-2.181,P=0.038),右侧丘脑Cho/Cr显著升高(Z=-2.414,P=0.016)。结论MRM患者存在与正常人不同的脑代谢情况,且伴随头痛发作存在脑代谢的变化,但本研究未发现与月经周期相关雌激素孕激素的差别,其神经机制仍需进一步研究。

前庭性偏头痛患者丘脑谷氨酸-谷氨酰胺复合物代谢和相关因素分析

目的探索前庭性偏头痛(vestibular migraine,VM)患者双侧丘脑谷氨酸-谷氨酰胺复合物(glutamate/glutamine,Glx)代谢状态以及相关危险因素。材料与方法选取VM患者20例和健康对照者20例,用磁共振波谱(magnetic resonance spectroscopy,MRS)成像技术检测VM组和健康对照组的丘脑Glx含量。比较两组相关资料,分析Glx代谢差异及其危险因素。结果健康对照组(n=20)右侧丘脑Glx代谢值为2513.60±998.20,左侧丘脑Glx为2386.50±862.03。VM组(n=20)的右侧丘脑Glx代谢值为3712.00±980.80,左侧丘脑Glx为3350.40±944.20。t检验分析显示,与健康对照组相比,VM组左右侧丘脑Glx含量值差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Spearman相关分析显示病程、糖尿病、高血压病、睡眠障碍程度和头痛程度,与VM丘脑Glx含量相关性无统计学意义;Pearson相关分析结果显示,眩晕障碍量表(Dizziness Handicap Inventory,DHI)、焦虑自评量表(Self-rating Anxiety Scale,SAS)和抑郁自评量表(Self-rating Depression Scale,SDS)评分与VM丘脑Glx含量相关性无统计学意义,年龄与左侧丘脑Glx含量相关性有统计学意义(r=0.570,P<0.001)。结论VM患者双侧丘脑Glx含量值高于健康对照者。年龄是左侧丘脑Glx含量升高的相关影响因素。

磁共振波谱在中医药研究中的应用进展

磁共振波谱(magnetic resonance spectroscopy,MRS)将磁共振数据应用于测定分子结构的谱学技术,为中医药领域的机制研究和发展提供了创新性的研究手段,有助于深化对中医药理论的现代化理解,推动中医药学科的持续发展。通过MRS技术可以探测脑内代谢物及体外鉴定体液或组织中存在的未知化合物,揭示中医药手段干预下的脑中枢机制。本研究聚焦于MRS技术概述、MRS技术与中医药领域结合的优势、MRS技术在中医药领域的应用研究现状等方面进行总结,并探讨MRS技术在中医药领域应用的既往研究空白与缺陷,以期为研究者提供有益参考。

PHN患者脑代谢改变及其与认知损害相关性的MRS研究

目的探讨PHN患者的神经递质水平及其与认知之间的关系。方法选取25例PHN患者和25例健康志愿者,评估所有参与者的认知功能,并检测其ACC和LINS脑区的GABA、GSH和Glu水平。结果(1)在PHN组中,ACC脑区的GABA水平降低,Glu水平升高,LINS脑区的Glu水平也升高;(2)PHN组中,ACC脑区存在兴奋/抑制(E/I)失衡,且与信息处理速度相关;(3)PHN组中,ACC和LINS脑区的Glu/GSH比值升高。结论PHN患者存在GABA能系统和Glu能系统紊乱,以及E/I失衡和氧化还原失衡,这可能是导致PHN患者认知损害的潜在代谢因素。

十二井穴刺络放血干预脑梗死的质子磁共振波谱研究

目的本研究旨在探究中医十二井穴刺络放血对脑梗死的干预效果,以及其对脑组织代谢的影响,通过质子磁共振波谱技术定量分析。方法选择2019—2022年本院收治的120例患者随机分成两组,将实验组(接受十二井穴刺络放血干预)与对照组(未干预)进行比较。使用质子磁共振波谱技术对脑组织进行扫描,分析能量代谢及N-乙酰天门冬氨酸(NAA)、乳酸(Lac)、胆碱(Cho)等指标的变化。同时,通过神经炎症指标的检测评估炎症反应的变化。结果实验组减轻了脑缺血缺氧损伤,乳酸/丙酮酸比值升高,反映出能量代谢的积极变化。神经炎症指标明显降低,表明十二井穴刺络放血具有抗炎作用。结论十二井穴刺络放血在脑梗死治疗中的潜在作用机制,通过改善脑组织血流、能量代谢以及抑制炎症反应,为中医治疗脑梗死提供了新的理论依据。

Application of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Metabolic Differences and Potential Biomarkers Screening in Rats with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Objective:To investigate the application of nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy in the exploration of metabolic differences and potential biomarkers in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS).Methods:PCOS model was established by subcutaneous injection of deoxy-epiandrosterone(DHEA)in 30 rats randomly selected from sixty 23-day-old SPF female SD rats and set as PCOS group,and the other 30 rats were subcutaneously injected with oil and set as oil group,PCOS model was successfully established by 20 days of injection in both groups,and blood samples were taken for biochemical detection and NMR detection analysis.At the same time,the body weight,ovarian weight and HE staining results of rats in both groups were observed.Results:Compared with the oil group,the rats in the PCOS group had higher body weight,ovarian weight and serum LH,FPG,T,E_(2)and HOMA levels,and lower serum FSH and INS levels(P<0.05).In the oil group,a large number of corpus luteum,follicles at different stages of development and multi-layered granulosa cells were observed under microscope after HE staining;In PCOS group,corpus luteum formation was only visible in some ovaries after HE staining,and all of them showed a higher number of cystic dilated follicles,thickened follicular membrane layer and less granulosa cell layer.The PCA score map of serum NMR profiles of the rats in the two groups showed that the samples were separated between the PCOS group and the oil group but the samples were aggregated within the group,and there were differences in blood metabolism between the PCOS model constructed by surface DHEA and the rats in the oil group.A total of 70 metabolites were detected in the serum samples of rats in the two groups by NMR technique,and 31 of them were different between the two groups,which can be classified into glucose,lipid,and and amino acid.There were significant differences in three metabolites,including isoleucine,valine,and creatine(P<0.01).Conclusion:There are differences in carbohydrate,lipid and amino acid metabolism between normal rats and PCOS rats,among which the levels of serum isoleucine,valine and creatine can be used as important biomarkers in the diagnosis of PCOS.

双环醇对扑热息痛引起小鼠肝脏能量代谢和线粒体功能障碍的影响

目的 研究双环醇对扑热息痛 (对乙酰氨基酚 )引起小鼠肝能量代谢紊乱和线粒体功能障碍的保护作用。方法 小鼠ip扑热息痛 12 0mg·kg- 1 引起急性肝损伤 ,观察血清谷丙转氨酶 (ALT)和谷草转氨酶 (AST)水平、肝活体磷谱、肝线粒体膜流动性及线粒体ATPase活性的改变。结果 双环醇可显著抑制扑热息痛中毒小鼠PME ATP及PME PDE的升高。双环醇 (2 0 0mg·kg- 1 )可显著降低扑热息痛导致的线粒体膜流动性下降 ,并对线粒体ATPase活性降低有显著保护作用。结论 双环醇可保护扑热息痛导致的急性肝损伤 ,使肝脏能量代谢和磷脂代谢趋于正常 。