[Objectives]To conduct the pharmacognostic identification of Hedyotis auricularia and Mitracarpus villosus in Guangxi and provide a scientific basis for their identification.[Methods]The characteristics of original pl...[Objectives]To conduct the pharmacognostic identification of Hedyotis auricularia and Mitracarpus villosus in Guangxi and provide a scientific basis for their identification.[Methods]The characteristics of original plants were studied by origin identification method;the properties and characteristics were studied by character identification method;and the microscopic features of the roots,stems,leaves and medicinal powder of H.auricularia and M.villosus in Guangxi were studied by paraffin method and powder slicing method.[Results](i)Origin identification.H.auricularia:Leaves leathery,apex acuminate,base cuneate;petiole shorter;cyme axillary;corolla hairy at throat;fruit indehiscent at maturity;testa black after drying.M.villosus:Leaf apex short pointed,base attenuate,blade sessile;flowers small,clustered in axillary;fruits dehiscent by lid at or below middle at maturity,seeds dark brown.(ii)Character identification.Fracture surface of H.auricularia uneven,white in outer layer and sepia in inner layer.Fracture surface of M.villosus hollow,uneven and white.(iii)Microscopic identification.H.auricularia:Root phloem thick,cambium visible,duct cells quasi-polygonal,large;rays obvious.Stem transection quasi-circular square,often with non-glandular hairs on epidermis;calcium oxalate raphides present in leaf parenchymal cells.Power grayish brown,starch granules single-grained;calcium oxalate raphides frequent,calcium oxalate clustered crystals occasional;catheter spiral,rarely annular,stomata infinitive.M.villosus:Root parenchyma cells with scattered calcium oxalate raphides,calcium oxalate clustered crystals and brownish red substances visible.Stem transection quasi-square,edge angle with 4 short narrow wings.Powder brown,simple starch granules numerous,compound starch granules also present;calcium oxalate raphides numerous,calcium oxalate clustered crystals and calcium oxalate square cubic crystals also present;catheter spiral,stomata paracytic.[Conclusions]The above transaction microscopic characteristics of the roots,stems and leaves and powder characteristics can be used as the identification features of H.auricularia and M.villosus.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to explore the source of substitutive substrate raw materials for cultivation of edible fungi,reduce the cutting and use of woody materials,and realize harmless treatment and resou...[Objectives]This study was conducted to explore the source of substitutive substrate raw materials for cultivation of edible fungi,reduce the cutting and use of woody materials,and realize harmless treatment and resource utilization of byproducts from Chinese medicine production and bamboo processing.[Methods]Traditional Chinese medicine residue and bamboo shavings were used to partially replace hardwood sawdust in the conventional formula,and the growth of Auricularia auricula mycelia in large test tubes under different substrate formulas was studied.[Results]The results showed that the mycelia of A.auricula could grow normally on substrates with byproducts,and the mycelia grew differently with different formulas,and the performance of different strains of the same species was also different.Compared with the conventional formula,the suitable substitution amount of bamboo shavings for A.auricula strains was 10%-30%,and the substitution amount of Chinese medicine residue was 5%-15%.[Conclusions]This study provides reference for the efficient utilization of byproducts and the expansion of raw material sources for production of edible fungi.展开更多
Conventional mechanical method and mechanical method combined with vacuum freeze-drying technology were used to make the ultra-fine powders of edible fungus (Auricularia auricular). The content of basic nutrients, ami...Conventional mechanical method and mechanical method combined with vacuum freeze-drying technology were used to make the ultra-fine powders of edible fungus (Auricularia auricular). The content of basic nutrients, amino acid, micro structure and their properties of raw edible fungus and the edible fungus powders obtained with the two methods were analyzed and compared. The granularity size and micro-structure of the pulverized samples were analyzed by SEM and TEM technology. The average granularity size of the edible fungus powder obtained with mechanical method was 1–5 μm, while that obtained with mechanical method combined with vacuum freeze-drying process was 0.5–1 μm. The ultra-fine powders of edible fungus obtained with the two methods had better water recovery capability and quality, and their preserving time was longer than that of raw edible fungus. All the properties of the ultra-fine powders of edible fungus obtained with the vacuum freeze-drying technology were evidently superior to that of the conventional mechanical method. Keywords Auricularia auricula - Edible fungus - Ultra-fine powders - Vacuum freeze-drying CLC number TS205 Document code B Biography: YANG Chun-yu (1975), female, Ph. D. in Engineering Technology Center of Forestry and Wood Workine, Machinery, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China.Responsible editor: Zhu Hong展开更多
Polymorphism of nine strains （CF05, CF09, 29, 916, AU9, Chang10, Chang7, 8808 and AU. Japanese） of A. auricular cultivated in Heilongjiang Province were analyzed by RAPD （Random Amplication polymorphic DNA）. Thirt...Polymorphism of nine strains （CF05, CF09, 29, 916, AU9, Chang10, Chang7, 8808 and AU. Japanese） of A. auricular cultivated in Heilongjiang Province were analyzed by RAPD （Random Amplication polymorphic DNA）. Thirteen primers were selected from forty PCR primers with 10bp long random primer. The results showed that nine strains of A. auricular have a high level of genetic diversity and the percentage of DNA polymorphic was 96.05. The genotypes of 9 strains of Auricularia auricular were identified by the fingerprints from primer 27 and primer 46 by RAPD analysis. The results are helpful for quickly identifying strains of A. auricular in its early breeding time, and also provides a powerful theoretic basis to differentiate strains （Auricularia auricular） whose morphology is very similar in breeding programs of edible fungus.展开更多
基金Supported by Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicines(GJKY[2013]20)Guangxi Key Laboratory of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicines(GKJZ[2014]32)+3 种基金"Guipai Xinglin Young Talent"Project of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine(2022C030)Ethnomedicine Resources and Application Engineering Research Center of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(GFGGJH[2020]2605)Guangxi Key Discipline of Traditional Chinese Medicine:Zhuang Pharmacology(GZXK-Z-20-64)Guangxi First-class Discipline:Traditional Chinese Pharmacology(Ethnic Medicine)(GJKY[2018]12).
文摘[Objectives]To conduct the pharmacognostic identification of Hedyotis auricularia and Mitracarpus villosus in Guangxi and provide a scientific basis for their identification.[Methods]The characteristics of original plants were studied by origin identification method;the properties and characteristics were studied by character identification method;and the microscopic features of the roots,stems,leaves and medicinal powder of H.auricularia and M.villosus in Guangxi were studied by paraffin method and powder slicing method.[Results](i)Origin identification.H.auricularia:Leaves leathery,apex acuminate,base cuneate;petiole shorter;cyme axillary;corolla hairy at throat;fruit indehiscent at maturity;testa black after drying.M.villosus:Leaf apex short pointed,base attenuate,blade sessile;flowers small,clustered in axillary;fruits dehiscent by lid at or below middle at maturity,seeds dark brown.(ii)Character identification.Fracture surface of H.auricularia uneven,white in outer layer and sepia in inner layer.Fracture surface of M.villosus hollow,uneven and white.(iii)Microscopic identification.H.auricularia:Root phloem thick,cambium visible,duct cells quasi-polygonal,large;rays obvious.Stem transection quasi-circular square,often with non-glandular hairs on epidermis;calcium oxalate raphides present in leaf parenchymal cells.Power grayish brown,starch granules single-grained;calcium oxalate raphides frequent,calcium oxalate clustered crystals occasional;catheter spiral,rarely annular,stomata infinitive.M.villosus:Root parenchyma cells with scattered calcium oxalate raphides,calcium oxalate clustered crystals and brownish red substances visible.Stem transection quasi-square,edge angle with 4 short narrow wings.Powder brown,simple starch granules numerous,compound starch granules also present;calcium oxalate raphides numerous,calcium oxalate clustered crystals and calcium oxalate square cubic crystals also present;catheter spiral,stomata paracytic.[Conclusions]The above transaction microscopic characteristics of the roots,stems and leaves and powder characteristics can be used as the identification features of H.auricularia and M.villosus.
基金Supported by Guizhou Provincial Program on Commercialization of Scientific and Technological Achievements(QKZYD[2022]4047)Guizhou Provincial Edible Fungus Industrial Technology System[GZMARS-SYJ-2024-2026].
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to explore the source of substitutive substrate raw materials for cultivation of edible fungi,reduce the cutting and use of woody materials,and realize harmless treatment and resource utilization of byproducts from Chinese medicine production and bamboo processing.[Methods]Traditional Chinese medicine residue and bamboo shavings were used to partially replace hardwood sawdust in the conventional formula,and the growth of Auricularia auricula mycelia in large test tubes under different substrate formulas was studied.[Results]The results showed that the mycelia of A.auricula could grow normally on substrates with byproducts,and the mycelia grew differently with different formulas,and the performance of different strains of the same species was also different.Compared with the conventional formula,the suitable substitution amount of bamboo shavings for A.auricula strains was 10%-30%,and the substitution amount of Chinese medicine residue was 5%-15%.[Conclusions]This study provides reference for the efficient utilization of byproducts and the expansion of raw material sources for production of edible fungi.
文摘Conventional mechanical method and mechanical method combined with vacuum freeze-drying technology were used to make the ultra-fine powders of edible fungus (Auricularia auricular). The content of basic nutrients, amino acid, micro structure and their properties of raw edible fungus and the edible fungus powders obtained with the two methods were analyzed and compared. The granularity size and micro-structure of the pulverized samples were analyzed by SEM and TEM technology. The average granularity size of the edible fungus powder obtained with mechanical method was 1–5 μm, while that obtained with mechanical method combined with vacuum freeze-drying process was 0.5–1 μm. The ultra-fine powders of edible fungus obtained with the two methods had better water recovery capability and quality, and their preserving time was longer than that of raw edible fungus. All the properties of the ultra-fine powders of edible fungus obtained with the vacuum freeze-drying technology were evidently superior to that of the conventional mechanical method. Keywords Auricularia auricula - Edible fungus - Ultra-fine powders - Vacuum freeze-drying CLC number TS205 Document code B Biography: YANG Chun-yu (1975), female, Ph. D. in Engineering Technology Center of Forestry and Wood Workine, Machinery, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China.Responsible editor: Zhu Hong
基金The research was supported by Science Foundation of Northeast Forestry University (2004)
文摘Polymorphism of nine strains （CF05, CF09, 29, 916, AU9, Chang10, Chang7, 8808 and AU. Japanese） of A. auricular cultivated in Heilongjiang Province were analyzed by RAPD （Random Amplication polymorphic DNA）. Thirteen primers were selected from forty PCR primers with 10bp long random primer. The results showed that nine strains of A. auricular have a high level of genetic diversity and the percentage of DNA polymorphic was 96.05. The genotypes of 9 strains of Auricularia auricular were identified by the fingerprints from primer 27 and primer 46 by RAPD analysis. The results are helpful for quickly identifying strains of A. auricular in its early breeding time, and also provides a powerful theoretic basis to differentiate strains （Auricularia auricular） whose morphology is very similar in breeding programs of edible fungus.
