Sense and Sensibility and Persuasion is Jane Austen's first and last published works respectively, which are read widely all over the world. Austen proclaims that feeling should be governed by reason in Sense and ...Sense and Sensibility and Persuasion is Jane Austen's first and last published works respectively, which are read widely all over the world. Austen proclaims that feeling should be governed by reason in Sense and Sensibility and that reason should be compatible with feeling in Persuasion. This paper attempts to explore romantic tendency in Austen's works according to the comparison and contrast between her two novels. Through comparison and contrast, we can see the transformation of Marianne from a lady of sensibility to a sensible lady and the growth of Anne into a lady with romance.展开更多
The present paper,by the novel Pride and Prejudice,shows Jane Austen's opinion of marriage.And from which we also can see the executive concern with money of relationship in the English society at that time.Marria...The present paper,by the novel Pride and Prejudice,shows Jane Austen's opinion of marriage.And from which we also can see the executive concern with money of relationship in the English society at that time.Marriage,a special relationship,is also based on money.We all know that love is the basis of marriage,but at that time,in such a historical social environment,a good eco-nomic situation is necessary.展开更多
Marriage and love are eternal topics in our society.Among these works,Pride and Prejudice written by Jane Austen is welcomed all over the world.In this novel,Jane Austen expresses her own opinions about this problem t...Marriage and love are eternal topics in our society.Among these works,Pride and Prejudice written by Jane Austen is welcomed all over the world.In this novel,Jane Austen expresses her own opinions about this problem through the description of four couples'marriage,that is:marriage should not be determined by property and family status.It is unwise to marry without money,but it is also wrong to marry for money.The marriage settled by love is happy and ideal.Her views on marriage have great realistic significance to the modern society.This paper sums up Jane Austen's views on ideal marriage and its great realistic significance to the modern society from the analysis of four different types of marriage in the novel.展开更多
With the rise of feminist criticism from 1960 s, some feminists think Jane Austen has a feminist consciousness to some degree, but others think she has put too much emphasis on women's dependence on males and conf...With the rise of feminist criticism from 1960 s, some feminists think Jane Austen has a feminist consciousness to some degree, but others think she has put too much emphasis on women's dependence on males and conforms to the patriarchal society. This thesis aims to study Austen's contradictory feminist views through analyzing Mr. Darcy, one of the male characters in Pride and Prejudice. They have long been neglected, but they do have unique individuality and important positions. This thesis also aims to refute both the views mentioned above.展开更多
In recent years,much attention from home and abroad has been paid to the role that conversation plays in building community in Jane Austen’s novels.But the interpretations are merely confined to one or two of Austen...In recent years,much attention from home and abroad has been paid to the role that conversation plays in building community in Jane Austen’s novels.But the interpretations are merely confined to one or two of Austen’s novels.Actually,her six novels all have embodied her devotions to conversation and community building.Through literary language,she has fully demonstrated us how to shape community through proper conversation.Only the conversation that unites both sincerity and politeness is bound to help form peaceful and warm community.展开更多
Pride and Prejudice is the most popular and well-known work of Jane Austen,the famous realistic novelist of the late 18th and early 19th century.In the novel,Jane Austen describes the social life of the English landed...Pride and Prejudice is the most popular and well-known work of Jane Austen,the famous realistic novelist of the late 18th and early 19th century.In the novel,Jane Austen describes the social life of the English landed gentry of that age and also discloses her own view of marriage from the point of a number of young women in their late teens or early twenties,who are trying to get married.展开更多
Jane Austen's posthumously published novel Persuasion has been regarded as a foreshadowing of Romanticism, especially in its autumnal tone that has inherent intimacy with John Keats's To Autumn and Percy Byssh...Jane Austen's posthumously published novel Persuasion has been regarded as a foreshadowing of Romanticism, especially in its autumnal tone that has inherent intimacy with John Keats's To Autumn and Percy Bysshe Shelley's Ode to the West Wind. Blending the stylistic disparities in the two Romanticist poems, Persuasion 's autumnal sensation changes its colors from being tinged with Keats's melancholy to the touch of Shelley's animation. The integration of both tones has created a unique autumnal duet that is remindful of its Romanticist followers.展开更多
Published in 1815, Emma is considered to be Jane Austen's best and most representative novel. It tells the story of how the heroine acquires the knowledge of herself as well as the world, and finally steps to matu...Published in 1815, Emma is considered to be Jane Austen's best and most representative novel. It tells the story of how the heroine acquires the knowledge of herself as well as the world, and finally steps to maturity. Attracting readers with its humor and vivacity, the novel, at the same time, repeatedly betrays a sense of frustration and incompleteness. Looking into Emma's role in the family, her moral judgment, and her relationships with male characters in the novel, we will be able to touch the root of her power, yearning and predicament. My paper attempts to explore into the above three aspects in order to discover the inherent ironies of the novel and Austen's profound reflections on the position of women.展开更多
Literature has increasingly been seen as a text in a context. And text is a particular embodiment of the abstract idea that a work tries to exhibit. The textual condition of a publication involves not only the author ...Literature has increasingly been seen as a text in a context. And text is a particular embodiment of the abstract idea that a work tries to exhibit. The textual condition of a publication involves not only the author but also the editor, publisher and readers. Text varies because of its ever-changing textual condition. Since its first publication in 1813, Jane Austen's novel Sense and Sensibility had been reproduced several times in the 19th century. The analysis of the novel's text and textuality in a way shows its relevant social, political, economic, religious and ideological conditions.展开更多
In this paper,I focus on Jane Austen’s book Sense and Sensibility,discuss characters and views of marriage of Elinor and Marianne in this book.Consequently,that leads to the conclusion of Jane Austen’s view of marri...In this paper,I focus on Jane Austen’s book Sense and Sensibility,discuss characters and views of marriage of Elinor and Marianne in this book.Consequently,that leads to the conclusion of Jane Austen’s view of marriage.展开更多
The erosion behavior of austempered ductile irons austenized at different temperatures was studied.The results indicate that the erosion rate well correlates with the mechanical properties.At high impact angles,increa...The erosion behavior of austempered ductile irons austenized at different temperatures was studied.The results indicate that the erosion rate well correlates with the mechanical properties.At high impact angles,increasing ductility and mechanical energy density results in decreasing erosion rate,whereas increasing hardness reduces the erosion rate at low impact angles.展开更多
Irony rhetoric is a cultural phenomenon,which has occupied a long period in human civilization history.Literary works are the best to analyze irony.Successful irony helps reflect its rhetorical aims in an implicitly a...Irony rhetoric is a cultural phenomenon,which has occupied a long period in human civilization history.Literary works are the best to analyze irony.Successful irony helps reflect its rhetorical aims in an implicitly and yet powerful way.Jane Austen use irony fluently and skillfully in her novels to portray characters,set plots,realize theme and reflect life and society.展开更多
With an electric field during austenitizing, the martensite transformation of the low carbon steel was promoted, and more martensite were obtained. The electric field promotes the homogeneity of carbon, and reduces th...With an electric field during austenitizing, the martensite transformation of the low carbon steel was promoted, and more martensite were obtained. The electric field promotes the homogeneity of carbon, and reduces the free energy of austenite. The critical neuclus r* and the critical driving force G* responsible for the nucleation of proeutectoid ferrite were increased. As a result of which the diffusion controlled proeuctoid ferrite transformation was retarded and the hardenability was improved.展开更多
Phase transformation from austenite to martensite in NiTi alloy strips under the uniaxial tension has been observed in experiments and numerically simulated as a localized deformation.This work presents an analysis us...Phase transformation from austenite to martensite in NiTi alloy strips under the uniaxial tension has been observed in experiments and numerically simulated as a localized deformation.This work presents an analysis using the theory of phase transfor- mation.The jump of deformation gradient across the interface between two phases and the Maxwell relation are considered.Governing equations for the phase transformation are derived.The analysis is reduced to finding the minimum value of the loading at which the governing equations have a unique,real and physically acceptable solution.The equa- tions are solved numerically and it is verified that the unique solution exists definitely. The Maxwell stress,the stresses and strains inside both anstenite and martensite phases, and the transformation-front orientation angle are determined to be in reasonably good agreement with experimental observations.展开更多
A mesoscopic cellular automaton model was developed to study the microstructure evolution and solute redistribution of austenization during intercritical annealing of a C-Mn steel. This model enables a depiction of th...A mesoscopic cellular automaton model was developed to study the microstructure evolution and solute redistribution of austenization during intercritical annealing of a C-Mn steel. This model enables a depiction of three-stage kinetics of the transformation combined with the thermodynamic analysis:(1) the rapid austenite growth accompanied with pearlite degeneration until the pearlite dissolves completely;(2) the slower austenite growth into ferrite with a rate limiting factor of carbon diffusion in austenite;and(3) the slow austenite growth in control of the manganese diffusion until the final equilibrium reached for ferrite and austenite. The effect of the annealing temperature on the transformation kinetics and solute partition is also quantitatively rationalized using this model.展开更多
The austenite grain refinement through control of the grain growth during reheating process after thermomechanical controlled process(TMCP)in a vanadium microalloyed steel was achieved.The formation of ultra-fine grai...The austenite grain refinement through control of the grain growth during reheating process after thermomechanical controlled process(TMCP)in a vanadium microalloyed steel was achieved.The formation of ultra-fine grained austenite was attributed to the high density of austenite nucleation at the ferrite/martensite structure and to the inhibition of austenite growth by(Ti,V)C particles at the relatively low reheating temperature.Corresponding with the precipitation behavior of(Ti,V)C with temperature,the growth behavior of austenite in the vanadium microalloyed steel could be divided into two regions.At lower reheating temperature,austenite grains grew slowly,and ultra-fine grained austenite smaller than 5μm was successfully obtained.By contrast,the austenite grains grew rapidly at high temperature due to the dissolution of(Ti,V)C particles.According to the measured and predicted results of austenite growth kinetics,two models were developed to describe the growth behavior of austenite grains in two different temperature regions,and the apparent activation energy Qappfor grain growth was estimated to be about 115 and 195kJ/mol,respectively.展开更多
A duplex ultrafine microstructure in a medium manganese steel(0.2C-5Mn)was produced by austenite reverted transformation annealing(ART-annealing).The microstructural evolution during annealing was examined by scanning...A duplex ultrafine microstructure in a medium manganese steel(0.2C-5Mn)was produced by austenite reverted transformation annealing(ART-annealing).The microstructural evolution during annealing was examined by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and X-ray diffraction(XRD).Based on the microstructure examination,it was found that some M3 C type carbides appeared in the martensitic matrix at the beginning of the ART-annealing.But with further increasing annealing time,these carbides would be dissolved and finally disappeared.Meanwhile,the austenite lath was developed in the ART-annealing process and the volume fraction of austenite increased with the increase of the annealing time,which resulted in a duplex microstructure consisting of ultrafine-grained ferrite and large fraction of reverted austenite after long time annealing.The mechanical property examinations by uniaxial tensile tests showed that ART-annealing(6h,650 ℃)resulted in a superhigh product of strength to elongation up to 42GPa·%.展开更多
The effects of the prior austenite grain size in deep cryogenic treatment on the hardness,the structural change and the wear resistance of D6 tool steel were investigated.The wear resistance of the cryogenically treat...The effects of the prior austenite grain size in deep cryogenic treatment on the hardness,the structural change and the wear resistance of D6 tool steel were investigated.The wear resistance of the cryogenically treated samples was determined using the pin-on-disk wear machine.The microstructural characteristics and phases present in heat treated samples were determined using SEM and XRD techniques.The results showed that the retained austenite is completely transformed to martensite during the cryogenic treatment.Besides,there is an optimum grain size of which the maximum wear resistance and hardness are obtained.展开更多
Microstructure evolution during ART-annealing (austenite reverted transformation annealing) of 0.2C-5Mn steel processed by austenitation at different temperatures was examined by SEM, TEM and XRD. It was demonstrated ...Microstructure evolution during ART-annealing (austenite reverted transformation annealing) of 0.2C-5Mn steel processed by austenitation at different temperatures was examined by SEM, TEM and XRD. It was demonstrated that the initial microstructures resulted from austenization at different temperatures strongly affect the microstructure evolution during followed ART-annealing, even the ultrafine grained ferrite/austenite duplex structure with about 30% austenite could be obtained after long time ART-annealing in all cases. Austenization in the intercritical region (between A c1 and A c3 ) gave a duplex structure after quenching, which was nearly not affected by followed annealing process. However, high temperature austenization (above A c3 ) resulted in a full martensite structure after quenching, which gradually transformed into a ferrite/austenite duplex structure during the following annealing process. Based on the analysis of austenite fraction and carbon concentrate, it was found that not only carbon partitioning but also manganese partitioning in the austenite affected the stability of austenite and even dominated the development of lamellar ferrite and austenite duplex structure during intercritical annealing with different times. At last an austenite lath nucleation and thickening model was proposed to describe the microstructure evolution of medium mangenese steel during ART-annealing.展开更多
文摘Sense and Sensibility and Persuasion is Jane Austen's first and last published works respectively, which are read widely all over the world. Austen proclaims that feeling should be governed by reason in Sense and Sensibility and that reason should be compatible with feeling in Persuasion. This paper attempts to explore romantic tendency in Austen's works according to the comparison and contrast between her two novels. Through comparison and contrast, we can see the transformation of Marianne from a lady of sensibility to a sensible lady and the growth of Anne into a lady with romance.
文摘The present paper,by the novel Pride and Prejudice,shows Jane Austen's opinion of marriage.And from which we also can see the executive concern with money of relationship in the English society at that time.Marriage,a special relationship,is also based on money.We all know that love is the basis of marriage,but at that time,in such a historical social environment,a good eco-nomic situation is necessary.
文摘Marriage and love are eternal topics in our society.Among these works,Pride and Prejudice written by Jane Austen is welcomed all over the world.In this novel,Jane Austen expresses her own opinions about this problem through the description of four couples'marriage,that is:marriage should not be determined by property and family status.It is unwise to marry without money,but it is also wrong to marry for money.The marriage settled by love is happy and ideal.Her views on marriage have great realistic significance to the modern society.This paper sums up Jane Austen's views on ideal marriage and its great realistic significance to the modern society from the analysis of four different types of marriage in the novel.
文摘With the rise of feminist criticism from 1960 s, some feminists think Jane Austen has a feminist consciousness to some degree, but others think she has put too much emphasis on women's dependence on males and conforms to the patriarchal society. This thesis aims to study Austen's contradictory feminist views through analyzing Mr. Darcy, one of the male characters in Pride and Prejudice. They have long been neglected, but they do have unique individuality and important positions. This thesis also aims to refute both the views mentioned above.
文摘In recent years,much attention from home and abroad has been paid to the role that conversation plays in building community in Jane Austen’s novels.But the interpretations are merely confined to one or two of Austen’s novels.Actually,her six novels all have embodied her devotions to conversation and community building.Through literary language,she has fully demonstrated us how to shape community through proper conversation.Only the conversation that unites both sincerity and politeness is bound to help form peaceful and warm community.
文摘Pride and Prejudice is the most popular and well-known work of Jane Austen,the famous realistic novelist of the late 18th and early 19th century.In the novel,Jane Austen describes the social life of the English landed gentry of that age and also discloses her own view of marriage from the point of a number of young women in their late teens or early twenties,who are trying to get married.
文摘Jane Austen's posthumously published novel Persuasion has been regarded as a foreshadowing of Romanticism, especially in its autumnal tone that has inherent intimacy with John Keats's To Autumn and Percy Bysshe Shelley's Ode to the West Wind. Blending the stylistic disparities in the two Romanticist poems, Persuasion 's autumnal sensation changes its colors from being tinged with Keats's melancholy to the touch of Shelley's animation. The integration of both tones has created a unique autumnal duet that is remindful of its Romanticist followers.
文摘Published in 1815, Emma is considered to be Jane Austen's best and most representative novel. It tells the story of how the heroine acquires the knowledge of herself as well as the world, and finally steps to maturity. Attracting readers with its humor and vivacity, the novel, at the same time, repeatedly betrays a sense of frustration and incompleteness. Looking into Emma's role in the family, her moral judgment, and her relationships with male characters in the novel, we will be able to touch the root of her power, yearning and predicament. My paper attempts to explore into the above three aspects in order to discover the inherent ironies of the novel and Austen's profound reflections on the position of women.
文摘Literature has increasingly been seen as a text in a context. And text is a particular embodiment of the abstract idea that a work tries to exhibit. The textual condition of a publication involves not only the author but also the editor, publisher and readers. Text varies because of its ever-changing textual condition. Since its first publication in 1813, Jane Austen's novel Sense and Sensibility had been reproduced several times in the 19th century. The analysis of the novel's text and textuality in a way shows its relevant social, political, economic, religious and ideological conditions.
文摘In this paper,I focus on Jane Austen’s book Sense and Sensibility,discuss characters and views of marriage of Elinor and Marianne in this book.Consequently,that leads to the conclusion of Jane Austen’s view of marriage.
基金the National Science Council(No.NSC 93-2216-E-006-034).
文摘The erosion behavior of austempered ductile irons austenized at different temperatures was studied.The results indicate that the erosion rate well correlates with the mechanical properties.At high impact angles,increasing ductility and mechanical energy density results in decreasing erosion rate,whereas increasing hardness reduces the erosion rate at low impact angles.
文摘Irony rhetoric is a cultural phenomenon,which has occupied a long period in human civilization history.Literary works are the best to analyze irony.Successful irony helps reflect its rhetorical aims in an implicitly and yet powerful way.Jane Austen use irony fluently and skillfully in her novels to portray characters,set plots,realize theme and reflect life and society.
文摘With an electric field during austenitizing, the martensite transformation of the low carbon steel was promoted, and more martensite were obtained. The electric field promotes the homogeneity of carbon, and reduces the free energy of austenite. The critical neuclus r* and the critical driving force G* responsible for the nucleation of proeutectoid ferrite were increased. As a result of which the diffusion controlled proeuctoid ferrite transformation was retarded and the hardenability was improved.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.10272079)the joint grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Royal Society
文摘Phase transformation from austenite to martensite in NiTi alloy strips under the uniaxial tension has been observed in experiments and numerically simulated as a localized deformation.This work presents an analysis using the theory of phase transfor- mation.The jump of deformation gradient across the interface between two phases and the Maxwell relation are considered.Governing equations for the phase transformation are derived.The analysis is reduced to finding the minimum value of the loading at which the governing equations have a unique,real and physically acceptable solution.The equa- tions are solved numerically and it is verified that the unique solution exists definitely. The Maxwell stress,the stresses and strains inside both anstenite and martensite phases, and the transformation-front orientation angle are determined to be in reasonably good agreement with experimental observations.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51771192,51371169 and U1708252)financial support from the Youth Innovation Promotion Association,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2016176)。
文摘A mesoscopic cellular automaton model was developed to study the microstructure evolution and solute redistribution of austenization during intercritical annealing of a C-Mn steel. This model enables a depiction of three-stage kinetics of the transformation combined with the thermodynamic analysis:(1) the rapid austenite growth accompanied with pearlite degeneration until the pearlite dissolves completely;(2) the slower austenite growth into ferrite with a rate limiting factor of carbon diffusion in austenite;and(3) the slow austenite growth in control of the manganese diffusion until the final equilibrium reached for ferrite and austenite. The effect of the annealing temperature on the transformation kinetics and solute partition is also quantitatively rationalized using this model.
基金Item Sponsored by National Basic Research Program of China(2010CB630805)National Natural Science Foundation of China(51201036)China Iron and Steel Research Institute Group(12060840A)
文摘The austenite grain refinement through control of the grain growth during reheating process after thermomechanical controlled process(TMCP)in a vanadium microalloyed steel was achieved.The formation of ultra-fine grained austenite was attributed to the high density of austenite nucleation at the ferrite/martensite structure and to the inhibition of austenite growth by(Ti,V)C particles at the relatively low reheating temperature.Corresponding with the precipitation behavior of(Ti,V)C with temperature,the growth behavior of austenite in the vanadium microalloyed steel could be divided into two regions.At lower reheating temperature,austenite grains grew slowly,and ultra-fine grained austenite smaller than 5μm was successfully obtained.By contrast,the austenite grains grew rapidly at high temperature due to the dissolution of(Ti,V)C particles.According to the measured and predicted results of austenite growth kinetics,two models were developed to describe the growth behavior of austenite grains in two different temperature regions,and the apparent activation energy Qappfor grain growth was estimated to be about 115 and 195kJ/mol,respectively.
基金Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(51371057,11172187)National Basic Research Program(973 Program)of China(2010CB630803)Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University of China(NCET-12-0372)
文摘A duplex ultrafine microstructure in a medium manganese steel(0.2C-5Mn)was produced by austenite reverted transformation annealing(ART-annealing).The microstructural evolution during annealing was examined by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and X-ray diffraction(XRD).Based on the microstructure examination,it was found that some M3 C type carbides appeared in the martensitic matrix at the beginning of the ART-annealing.But with further increasing annealing time,these carbides would be dissolved and finally disappeared.Meanwhile,the austenite lath was developed in the ART-annealing process and the volume fraction of austenite increased with the increase of the annealing time,which resulted in a duplex microstructure consisting of ultrafine-grained ferrite and large fraction of reverted austenite after long time annealing.The mechanical property examinations by uniaxial tensile tests showed that ART-annealing(6h,650 ℃)resulted in a superhigh product of strength to elongation up to 42GPa·%.
文摘The effects of the prior austenite grain size in deep cryogenic treatment on the hardness,the structural change and the wear resistance of D6 tool steel were investigated.The wear resistance of the cryogenically treated samples was determined using the pin-on-disk wear machine.The microstructural characteristics and phases present in heat treated samples were determined using SEM and XRD techniques.The results showed that the retained austenite is completely transformed to martensite during the cryogenic treatment.Besides,there is an optimum grain size of which the maximum wear resistance and hardness are obtained.
基金supported by National Basic Research Program of China(No.G2010CB630803) National High Technical Research and Development Programme of China (Nos.2009AA03Z519 and 2009AA033401)
文摘Microstructure evolution during ART-annealing (austenite reverted transformation annealing) of 0.2C-5Mn steel processed by austenitation at different temperatures was examined by SEM, TEM and XRD. It was demonstrated that the initial microstructures resulted from austenization at different temperatures strongly affect the microstructure evolution during followed ART-annealing, even the ultrafine grained ferrite/austenite duplex structure with about 30% austenite could be obtained after long time ART-annealing in all cases. Austenization in the intercritical region (between A c1 and A c3 ) gave a duplex structure after quenching, which was nearly not affected by followed annealing process. However, high temperature austenization (above A c3 ) resulted in a full martensite structure after quenching, which gradually transformed into a ferrite/austenite duplex structure during the following annealing process. Based on the analysis of austenite fraction and carbon concentrate, it was found that not only carbon partitioning but also manganese partitioning in the austenite affected the stability of austenite and even dominated the development of lamellar ferrite and austenite duplex structure during intercritical annealing with different times. At last an austenite lath nucleation and thickening model was proposed to describe the microstructure evolution of medium mangenese steel during ART-annealing.