Dynamically enhanced Autler–Townes splitting by orthogonal XUV fields

Based on numerical solutions of the time-dependent Schr ¨odinger equation, we theoretically investigate the photoelectron spectrum of hydrogen atoms ionized by a pair of ultrashort, intense, and orthogonally polarized laser pulses with a relative time delay in a pump–probe configuration. The pump pulse resonantly excites electrons from the 1s and 2p levels,inducing Rabi oscillations. The resulting dynamically enhanced Autler–Townes(AT) splitting is observed in the photoelectron energy spectrum upon interaction with the second probe pulse. In contrast to the previous parallel-polarization scheme, the proposed orthogonal-polarization configuration enables the resolution of dynamically enhanced AT splitting over a considerably wider range of probe photon energies.

钾原子4p能级Autler-Townes分裂的相干控制

用缀饰态理论研究了延迟双脉冲作用下钾原子4p能级的粒子布局特征,得出缀饰态粒子布局几率与脉冲强度、延迟时间之间的关系,进而讨论当第一个脉冲面积为0.5π时,脉冲间延迟时间与4p能级Autler-Townes分裂的关系.选择合适的延迟时间可实现粒子在4p能级缀饰态的选择布局,从而控制Autler-Townes分裂.

飞秒激光参数对三态阶跃型分子Autler—Townes分裂的影响

利用三态模型和含时波包法，研究了K2分子在强飞秒泵浦一探测激光场中泵浦／探测场强、波长对光电子能谱Autler—Townes（AT）分裂的影响．通过分别改变两激光场的场强或者波长预测AT峰移和间距，并且首次量化了AT分裂的峰移和间距．光电子能谱在共振时显示为对称双峰，失谐时为非对称双峰。AT分裂间距随泵浦场强增大而增大，但不因探测场强改变而改变．

对Autler-Townes双峰谱表达式的修正

采用了考虑反旋项的V-型三能级双共振结构模型,分别从理论推导和计算机模拟两个方面,分析了计算过程中不同因子项所起的作用.通过对各级次项适当地进行取舍,得出了修正后的简洁准确描述Autler-Townes双峰谱的表达式.

超冷铯Rydberg原子的Autler-Townes分裂

主要研究超冷铯Rydberg原子阶梯型三能级系统的Autler-Townes(A-T)分裂.铯原子基态6S_(1/2)、第一激发态6P_(3/2)和Rydberg态形成阶梯型三能级系统,强耦合光共振作用于6P_(3/2)(F′=5)→34D_(5/2)的跃迁,探测光由偏振光谱锁定在6S_(1/2)(F=4)→6P_(3/2)(F′=5)的跃迁,并由双通的声光调制器在其共振跃迁附近扫描,形成的Rydberg原子A-T分裂谱由单光子计数器探测.A-T光谱的双峰间距与耦合光的拉比频率成正比,实验结果与理论计算在耦合光拉比频率Ω_c<2π×9 MHz时符合得很好,在拉比频率Ω_c>2π×9 MHz时,测量的A-T分裂比理论计算值小13%.产生偏差的主要原因是由于较大的耦合光拉比频率Ω_c增加了激发的Rydberg原子数,Rydberg原子间的相互作用产生了较大的退相干率所致.

Li_2 Autler-Townes分裂的实验观察(英文)

用光学 光学双共振激光光谱研究了 7Li2 A1Σ+ u 态的Autler Townes (A T)分裂 .一个强的耦合场 (泵浦激光 )激发 7Li2 A1Σ+ u v′ ,J′←X1Σ+ g v″,J″跃迁 ,诱发A1Σ+ u v′ ,J′能级和X1Σ+ g v″ ,J″能级的A T分裂 .另一个探测激光从A1Σ+ u v′ ,J′能级进一步激发到 4 1Σ+ g 态 .扫描探测激光 ,监测 4 1Σ+ g 态碰撞诱导紫色荧光 ,从而探测A1Σ+ u v′,J′能级的A T分裂 .当耦合场频率偏离共振时 ,激发光谱线出现双重分裂 .在该实验条件下 ,分裂大小和泵浦激光频率偏离共振频率的失谐量成正比 .研究了A T分裂的两条线的相对强度与泵浦、探测光的强度及缓冲气体压力的关系 .

Autler-Townes splitting in photoelectron spectra of K_2 molecule

We investigate Autler-Townes splitting in the photoelectron spectra of K2 molecule driven by pump-probe pulses via employing the time-dependent wave packet approach. It is found that the magnitude of Aulter-Townes splitting varies with the wavelength of the intense laser pulse. In particular, the phenomenon of Aulter-Townes splitting vanishes for the far-off resonance of the pump pulse. Also, the split peaks of Autler Townes in the case of resonant pump pulse give us an approach to directly obtaining the transition dipole moment of a molecule.

Effect of pump-1 laser on Autler Townes splitting in photoelectron spectrum of K_2 molecule

We theoretically investigate the Autler–Townes（AT） splitting in the photoelectron spectrum of four-level ladder K2 molecule driven by a pump 1-pump 2-probe pulse via employing the time-dependent wave packet approach. The effects of the pump-1 laser intensity and wavelength on AT splitting are studied for the first time. The magnitude of AT splitting increases with increasing the pump-1 laser intensity. The triple splitting with asymmetric profile occurs due to the nonresonant excitation. The triple structure is transformed into a double structure（near-resonant region）, and then becomes a peak（far-off resonant region） progressively as the pump-1 laser is detuned from the resonance wavelength, which can be explained in terms of the asymmetric excitation/population of dressed states. The splitting between adjacent peaks and the splitting between the two sideband peaks in the triplet do not change with the pump-1 pulse wavelength. The three peaks shift toward lower energy with the same shift 1/4^＊△1 as the pump-1 wavelength changes in near-resonant region.The asymptotic behaviors of AT splitting with the pump-1 laser intensity are interesting in the threshold points of the near-resonant region and the far-off resonant region.

Autler-Townes doublet in the absorption spectra for the transition between excited states of cold cesium atoms

Autler-Townes splitting in absorption spectra of the excited states 6^ 2P3/2 - 8^2S1/2 Of cold cesium atoms confined in a magneto-optical trap has been observed. Experimental data of the Autler-Townes splitting fit well to the dressedatom theory, by which the fact of the cold atoms dressed by cooling/trapping laser beams is revealed. The results of the theoretical fitting with experiment not only told us the effective Rabi frequency cold atoms experienced, but also could be used for measuring the probability amplitudes of the dressed states.

Autler–Townes spectroscopy of high-lying state by phase conjugate six-wave mixing

An Autler-Townes（AT） spectroscopy based on phase conjugate six-wave mixing（SWM） is proposed to detect AT doublet of high-lying state in a Doppler-broadened cascade four-level system.It is found that the SWM spectrum is dependent strongly on the ratios between the magnitudes of the wave vectors.We discuss how the Doppler broadening affects the SWM spectrum from a time-domain viewpoint and find that,due the atomic motion,the atomic polarizations acquire different phases for atoms with different velocities as time evolves.The Doppler free SWM spectrum can be obtained only when the atomic polarization can be rephasing again at certain time after the interactions of all the incident fields.

Autler-Townes doublet in novel sub-Doppler spectra with caesium vapour cell

With a coupling laser locked to caesium 6S1/2 Fg=4-6P3/2 Fe=5 cycling transition and a co-propagating probe laser scanned across 6S1/2 Fg=4-6Pa/2 Fe=3, 4 and 5 transitions, a novel scheme for sub-Doppler spectra in Dopplerbroadened V-type three-level system is demonstrated by detecting the transmission of the coupling laser through a caesium vapour cell. The Autler-Townes doublet in the sub-Doppler spectra of the coupling laser is clearly observed. The effects of coupling laser intensity on the splitting and linewidth of the Autler-Townes doublet are experimentally investigated and the results agree well with theoretical predictions. Taking the multiple hyperfine levels of caesium atom into account, a brief analysis is presented.

Relationship between electromagnetically-induced transparency and Autler–Townes splitting in a Doppler-broadened system

We study the relationship between electromagnetically-induced transparency（EIT） and Autler–Townes（AT） splitting in a cascade three-level Doppler-broadened system. By comparing the absorption spectrum with the fluorescence excitation spectrum, it is found that for a Doppler-broadened system, EIT resonance cannot be explained as the result of quantum interference, unlike the case of a homogeneously broadened system. Instead, the macroscopic polarization interference plays an important role in determining the spectra of EIT and AT splitting, which can be explained within the same framework when being detected by the absorption spectra.

Crossover between electromagnetically induced transparency and Autler–Townes splitting with dispersion

Based on Akaike＇s information criterion（AIC） for a coherently driven ensemble of cold rubidium atoms, we study the crossover between electromagnetically induced transparency（EIT） and Autler–Townes（AT） splitting from the dispersion as well as the absorption viewpoint. We find that the dispersion signal is more sensitive than the absorption signal, showing more pronounced features in the Akaike per-point weights spectrum, which provides a cleaner way of discerning EIT from AT splitting.

The difference in noise property between the Autler-Townes splitting medium and the electromagnetically induced transparent medium

The quantum noise of squeezed probe light passing through an atomic system with different electromagnetically induced transparency and AutlewTownes splitting effects is investigated theoretically. It is found that the optimal squeezing preservation of the outgoing probe beam occurs in the strong-coupling-field regime rather than in the weak- coupling-field regime. In the weak-coupling-field regime, which was recently recognized as the electromagnetically induced transparency regime （Abi-Salloum T Y 2010 Phys. Rev. A 81 053836）, the output amplitude noise is affected mainly by the atomic noise originating from the random decay process of atoms. While in the strong-coupling-field regime, defined as the Autler-Townes splitting regime, the output amplitude noise is affected mainly by the phase-to- amplitude conversion noise. This is useful in improving the quality of the experiment for efficient quantum memory, and hence has an application in quantum information processing.

K_2分子Autler-Townes分裂的理论研究

利用三态模型和含时波包法,研究了三态阶跃型K2分子在泵浦—探测激光场中场强、波长对光电子能谱Autler-Townes(AT)分裂的影响.首次量化了AT分裂的峰移和间距.共振时光电子能谱为对称双峰,失谐时为不对称双峰.AT分裂间距随泵浦场强增强而增大,但不随探测场强改变而改变.AT分裂间距因泵浦波长不同而不等,但不因探测波长不同而改变.随着泵浦波长偏离共振,光电子能谱逐渐由双峰变为单峰.

Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency and Autler–Townes splitting in a weak radio-frequency electric field

We utilize an electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT) of a three-level cascade system involving Rydberg state in a room-temperature cell, formed with a cesium 6 S_(1/2)–6 P_(3/2)–66 S_(1/2) scheme, to investigate the Autler–Townes(AT)splitting resulting from a 15.21-GHz radio-frequency(RF) field that couples the |66 S_(1/2) → |65 P_(1/2) Rydberg transition.The radio-frequency electric field induced AT splitting, γAT, is defined as the peak-to-peak distance of an EIT-AT spectrum.The dependence of AT splitting γAT on the probe and coupling Rabi frequency, ?_p and ?_c, is investigated. It is found that the EIT-AT splitting strongly depends on the EIT linewidth that is related to the probe and coupling Rabi frequency in a weak RF-field regime. Using a narrow linewidth EIT spectrum would decrease the uncertainty of the RF field measurements.This work provides new experimental evidence for the theoretical framework in [J. Appl. Phys. 121, 233106(2017)].

单缀饰四波混频Autler-Townes分裂的分析

主要研究了单缀饰四波混频Autler-Townes分裂的相干控制。首先通过扫描探测场失谐的方式获得单缀饰四波混频信号的一阶Autler-Townes分裂;紧接着研究了一阶Autler-Townes分裂位置和宽度与缀饰场功率和失谐的定量关系。研究发现在缀饰场大失谐处,一阶Autler-Townes分裂的宽度随缀饰场功率呈现非线性变化过程,而当缀饰场位于共振频率附近则表现为线性过程。研究表明,通过选择缀饰场功率和失谐可实现对一阶Autler-Townes分裂位置和宽度的灵活控制。

多普勒加宽非匹配Λ型能级系统的无反转增益效应

对Λ型能级系统连续波无反转增益效应的研究表明 ,在耦合光的拉比频率小于多普勒宽度的情况下 ,多普勒加宽的非匹配能级系统 (耦合光波长λc 小于探测光波长λp)的无反转增益不仅存在 ,而且还强于匹配系统 (λc=λp)的无反转增益 ,文中从与无反转增益紧密联系的电磁感应透明 (EIT)

室温原子气室中基于电磁诱导透明和吸收效应的微波电场测量

基于里德堡原子的量子干涉效应,对微波电场的溯源进行测量.该方法使用室温铷原子气室作为探头,通过对双光子电磁诱导透明、三光子电磁诱导透明和三光子电磁诱导吸收效应的Autler-Townes分裂进行理论分析,并讨论了原子散粒噪声的测量极限.该方法不仅适用于微波电场的可溯源、自校准测量,还可被用于微波电场的亚波长成像以及矢量测量,将为进一步实现原子微波探头的小型化和集成化提供参考.

基于里德堡原子相干效应的微波电场测量技术研究进展

近年来,采用里德堡原子的微波电场测量技术得到了迅速发展,获得了广泛应用。该电场探测技术是一项全新技术,可以将微波电场通过基本物理常数与频率测量直接关联,具有测量动态范围大、测量灵敏度高和测量不确定度小的特点,有望替代传统溯源路径,直接关联国际单位制(SI)。本文基于里德堡原子相干效应的微波电场测量技术原理,针对国内外微波电场的高准确度、高灵敏度和极化方向测量技术发展现状,和对微波电场测量的工程化光源系统,蒸气室探头的仿真验证实验和集成式蒸气室探头的设计研究等方面的相关进展做了详细介绍。