Total knee replacement(TKR) is one of the most common surgeries over the last decade. Patients undergoing TKR are at high risk for postoperative anemia and furthermore for allogeneic blood transfusions(ABT). Complicat...Total knee replacement(TKR) is one of the most common surgeries over the last decade. Patients undergoing TKR are at high risk for postoperative anemia and furthermore for allogeneic blood transfusions(ABT). Complications associated with ABT including chills, rigor, fever, dyspnea, light-headedness should be early recognized in order to lead to a better prognosis. Therefore, perioperative blood management program should be adopted with main aim to reduce the risk of blood transfusion while maximizing hemoglobin simultaneously. Many blood conservation strategies have been attempted including preoperative autologous blood donation, acute normovolemic haemodilution, autologous blood transfusion, intraoperative cell saver, drain clamping, pneumatic tourniquet application, and the use of tranexamic acid. For practical and clinical reasons we will try to classify these strategies in three main stages/pillars: Pre-operative optimization, intra-operative and post-operative protocols. The aim of this work is review the strategies currently in use and reports our experience regarding the perioperative blood management strategies in TKR.展开更多
Title: Analysis of factors influencing true blood loss in navigated total knee replacements. Objectives: To evaluate true blood loss in total knee replacements and analyze the various factors such as gender, BMI, diag...Title: Analysis of factors influencing true blood loss in navigated total knee replacements. Objectives: To evaluate true blood loss in total knee replacements and analyze the various factors such as gender, BMI, diagnosis, size of implants, duration of surgery, tourniquet usage etc. on calculated blood loss using formula by Nadler et al. All the cases included have been done using navigation system and no comparison with conventional jig based surgeries has been attempted. Methods: Retrospectively data of primary cemented total knee replacements performed from October 2012 to August 2013 were evaluated. All surgeries were performed using navigation system. The data collected included patient sex, height, weight and preoperative haemoglobin and hematocrit. The patients’ postoperative data of haemoglobin, hematocrit and drains were collected. All patients had their CBC done on 2nd post operative day. Any data on transfusions that patients received were also collected. We also collected data regarding the size of implant used. We calculated true blood based on formula given by Nadler, Hidalgo & Bloch. We excluded patients whose data were incomplete or who received tranexamic acid. Patients who needed stems (femoral or tibial) were also excluded from this study. Results: The average true calculated blood loss was 959.44 ml. BMI did not have any effect on blood loss. But larger size implants were associated with more blood loss. Conclusion: The preoperative haemoglobin is one of the most important factors in determining transfusion following the knee replacement. Male gender and larger implants are associated with more blood loss. BMI, diagnosis of OA or RA, tourniquet usage and time have no significant effect on blood loss. Our calculated blood loss compares favourably with published literature.展开更多
目的探讨氨甲环酸(TXA)减少全膝关节置换术(TKA)患者围手术期出血及对自体引流血回输和术后异体输血的影响。方法采用前瞻性随机对照方法,纳入2014年6月-2015年6月本院因膝重度骨性关节炎接受单侧人工TKA患者60名,随机分为A组(处理组:...目的探讨氨甲环酸(TXA)减少全膝关节置换术(TKA)患者围手术期出血及对自体引流血回输和术后异体输血的影响。方法采用前瞻性随机对照方法,纳入2014年6月-2015年6月本院因膝重度骨性关节炎接受单侧人工TKA患者60名,随机分为A组(处理组:术中及术后氨甲环酸15 mg/kg静滴);B组(对照组:术中及术后同等剂量0.9%生理盐水静滴)。收集对比2组患者性别、年龄、身高、体重数据,以及术前及术后Hb、Hct,手术时长,术中出血量,术后引流量,自体引流血回输量、术后异体输血量,以及输血例数,髌上10 cm周径。用Gross方程计算患者围手术期隐性出血量及总计出血量。结果 A与B组术后引流量(m L)分别为220.37±168.6 vs 598.67±234.33;隐性出血量(m L)494.67±371.08 vs 726.75±357.48及总计出血量(m L)715.03±389.06 vs 1 325.42±422.74(均为P<0.05)。A与B组的异体输血率分别为0 vs 6.7%(2/30)。A与B组自体引流血回输量(m L)30±76.76 vs 283±111.45(P<0.05)。结论氨甲环酸可减少全膝关节置换术患者的术后出血,减少术后异体输血及自体引流血回输。展开更多
目的:分析在围手术期综合性止血措施下,初次全膝关节置换术(total knee arthroplasty,TKA)使用自体血回输(autologous blood transfusion,ABT)装置引流和非负压引流球引流对于术后失血和输血控制的有效性。方法:回顾性收集2014年6月至2...目的:分析在围手术期综合性止血措施下,初次全膝关节置换术(total knee arthroplasty,TKA)使用自体血回输(autologous blood transfusion,ABT)装置引流和非负压引流球引流对于术后失血和输血控制的有效性。方法:回顾性收集2014年6月至2015年6月在北京大学第三医院诊断为重度骨性关节炎,并经同一手术医师完成的单侧、初次TKA患者共131例。按照临床中是否在术后使用ABT装置分为两组,其中ABT组于术后应用ABT装置进行引流和自体血回输,对照组于术后应用非负压引流球进行引流。比较两组患者术后的引流量、血红蛋白下降值、总失血量、隐性失血量及输血率的差异。结果:ABT组术后引流量显著高于对照组[515 m L(80~1 610 m L)vs.260 m L(40~670 m L),P<0.001],ABT组术后自体血回输量的中位数为245 m L(60~1 070 m L)。两组患者在术后1 d血红蛋白下降值(P=0.340)、术后3 d血红蛋白下降值(P=0.524)、术后3 d的总失血量(P=0.101)和隐性失血量(P=0.062)上差异均无统计学意义。131例患者中共9例接受了异体输血(ABT组5/64,7.8%;对照组4/67,6.0%),两组患者的输血率差异无统计学意义(P=0.943)。结论:在围手术期综合性止血措施的常规应用下,ABT装置对于控制单侧、初次TKA患者术后失血的效果并不明显,也未能有效降低异体血输血率,然而却加大了术后引流量,增加了患者的住院费用,因此,在单侧、初次TKA术后并无必要常规应用ABT装置。展开更多
文摘Total knee replacement(TKR) is one of the most common surgeries over the last decade. Patients undergoing TKR are at high risk for postoperative anemia and furthermore for allogeneic blood transfusions(ABT). Complications associated with ABT including chills, rigor, fever, dyspnea, light-headedness should be early recognized in order to lead to a better prognosis. Therefore, perioperative blood management program should be adopted with main aim to reduce the risk of blood transfusion while maximizing hemoglobin simultaneously. Many blood conservation strategies have been attempted including preoperative autologous blood donation, acute normovolemic haemodilution, autologous blood transfusion, intraoperative cell saver, drain clamping, pneumatic tourniquet application, and the use of tranexamic acid. For practical and clinical reasons we will try to classify these strategies in three main stages/pillars: Pre-operative optimization, intra-operative and post-operative protocols. The aim of this work is review the strategies currently in use and reports our experience regarding the perioperative blood management strategies in TKR.
文摘Title: Analysis of factors influencing true blood loss in navigated total knee replacements. Objectives: To evaluate true blood loss in total knee replacements and analyze the various factors such as gender, BMI, diagnosis, size of implants, duration of surgery, tourniquet usage etc. on calculated blood loss using formula by Nadler et al. All the cases included have been done using navigation system and no comparison with conventional jig based surgeries has been attempted. Methods: Retrospectively data of primary cemented total knee replacements performed from October 2012 to August 2013 were evaluated. All surgeries were performed using navigation system. The data collected included patient sex, height, weight and preoperative haemoglobin and hematocrit. The patients’ postoperative data of haemoglobin, hematocrit and drains were collected. All patients had their CBC done on 2nd post operative day. Any data on transfusions that patients received were also collected. We also collected data regarding the size of implant used. We calculated true blood based on formula given by Nadler, Hidalgo & Bloch. We excluded patients whose data were incomplete or who received tranexamic acid. Patients who needed stems (femoral or tibial) were also excluded from this study. Results: The average true calculated blood loss was 959.44 ml. BMI did not have any effect on blood loss. But larger size implants were associated with more blood loss. Conclusion: The preoperative haemoglobin is one of the most important factors in determining transfusion following the knee replacement. Male gender and larger implants are associated with more blood loss. BMI, diagnosis of OA or RA, tourniquet usage and time have no significant effect on blood loss. Our calculated blood loss compares favourably with published literature.
文摘目的探讨氨甲环酸(TXA)减少全膝关节置换术(TKA)患者围手术期出血及对自体引流血回输和术后异体输血的影响。方法采用前瞻性随机对照方法,纳入2014年6月-2015年6月本院因膝重度骨性关节炎接受单侧人工TKA患者60名,随机分为A组(处理组:术中及术后氨甲环酸15 mg/kg静滴);B组(对照组:术中及术后同等剂量0.9%生理盐水静滴)。收集对比2组患者性别、年龄、身高、体重数据,以及术前及术后Hb、Hct,手术时长,术中出血量,术后引流量,自体引流血回输量、术后异体输血量,以及输血例数,髌上10 cm周径。用Gross方程计算患者围手术期隐性出血量及总计出血量。结果 A与B组术后引流量(m L)分别为220.37±168.6 vs 598.67±234.33;隐性出血量(m L)494.67±371.08 vs 726.75±357.48及总计出血量(m L)715.03±389.06 vs 1 325.42±422.74(均为P<0.05)。A与B组的异体输血率分别为0 vs 6.7%(2/30)。A与B组自体引流血回输量(m L)30±76.76 vs 283±111.45(P<0.05)。结论氨甲环酸可减少全膝关节置换术患者的术后出血,减少术后异体输血及自体引流血回输。
文摘目的:分析在围手术期综合性止血措施下,初次全膝关节置换术(total knee arthroplasty,TKA)使用自体血回输(autologous blood transfusion,ABT)装置引流和非负压引流球引流对于术后失血和输血控制的有效性。方法:回顾性收集2014年6月至2015年6月在北京大学第三医院诊断为重度骨性关节炎,并经同一手术医师完成的单侧、初次TKA患者共131例。按照临床中是否在术后使用ABT装置分为两组,其中ABT组于术后应用ABT装置进行引流和自体血回输,对照组于术后应用非负压引流球进行引流。比较两组患者术后的引流量、血红蛋白下降值、总失血量、隐性失血量及输血率的差异。结果:ABT组术后引流量显著高于对照组[515 m L(80~1 610 m L)vs.260 m L(40~670 m L),P<0.001],ABT组术后自体血回输量的中位数为245 m L(60~1 070 m L)。两组患者在术后1 d血红蛋白下降值(P=0.340)、术后3 d血红蛋白下降值(P=0.524)、术后3 d的总失血量(P=0.101)和隐性失血量(P=0.062)上差异均无统计学意义。131例患者中共9例接受了异体输血(ABT组5/64,7.8%;对照组4/67,6.0%),两组患者的输血率差异无统计学意义(P=0.943)。结论:在围手术期综合性止血措施的常规应用下,ABT装置对于控制单侧、初次TKA患者术后失血的效果并不明显,也未能有效降低异体血输血率,然而却加大了术后引流量,增加了患者的住院费用,因此,在单侧、初次TKA术后并无必要常规应用ABT装置。
