Advance of Study on Design Methods of Hydraulic System of Radio Remote Control of Construction Machinery

The working principle of radio remote controlling of construction machinery should be that signals of the radio wave from the transmitter obtained in the receiver were controlled and then changed into electronic analog or digital signals which can be used to drive different actuators and mechanisms of the vehicle.The vehicle could be acted by following the controlling instructions sent by the operator.The best operation mode of construction machinery is suitable not only to manual operating but also to remote controlling in the same vehicle.The design methods of the hydraulic system used for the radio remote controlling of construction machinery are discussed.The design methods of hydraulic circuits for the actuators controlled by solenoid on-off type valves,hydro-electronic multi-way proportional valves,closed loop proportional servo driver or three-way proportional reducing valves are discussed in detail (with real example).The design methods of the power shift transmission of electro-hydraulic controlling,the devices of braking and the directional streering are discussed in this paper.

Torsional vibration active control of hybrid construction machinery complex shafting

Due to the coaxial connection of engine, motor and pump, the dynamic characteristics of hybrid construction machinery are changed, which generates a new torsional vibration problem of multi-power sources. To reduce the torsional vibration of the hybrid construction machinery complex shafting, torsional vibration active control was proposed. The three-mass model of coaxial shafting of hybrid construction machinery was established. The PID control and the fuzzy sliding mode control were chosen to weaken torsional vibration by controlling the motor speed and torque. The simulation results show that the fuzzy sliding mode control has 12% overshoot of the PID control when the engine torque changes. The active control is effective and can realize smooth power switch.

The Application of Principle of Automatic Control in the site Management of Electric Power Construction Enterprise

It is need to establish site project department during the construction of electric power project.The head office should design and build the main structure,continually improve structure of project department,meantime,positively apply principle of automatic control to improve the site management of electric power construction.In this article,the application strategy of principle of automatic control is analyzed focusing on the site work of electric power construction.

FOUR-PARAMETER AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION TECHNOLOGY FOR CONSTRUCTION VEHICLE BASED ON ELMAN RECURSIVE NEURAL NETWORK

From the viewpoint of energy saving and improving transmission efficiency, the ZL50E wheel loader is taken as the study object. And the system model is analyzed based on the transmission system of the construction vehicle. A new four-parameter shift schedule is presented, which can keep the torque converter working in the high efficiency area. The control algorithm based on the Elman recursive neural network is applied, and four-parameter control system is developed which is based on industrial computer. The system is used to collect data accurately and control 4D180 power-shift gearbox of ZL50E wheel loader shift timely. An experiment is done on automatic transmission test-bed, and the result indicates that the control system could reliably and safely work and improve the efficiency of hydraulic torque converter. Four-parameter shift strategy that takes into account the power consuming of the working pump has important operating significance and reflects the actual working status of construction vehicle.

国内煤矿锚杆钻机应用现状及发展趋势

按照单体锚杆钻机、全液压履带式锚杆钻车及电液自动化锚杆钻车三类介绍了锚杆钻机在国内煤矿的应用现状,指出各类锚杆钻机在实际应用中存在的问题。结合国内煤矿井下巷道掘进的特点,分析了锚杆钻机的技术特点与适用性,研究了国内煤矿锚杆钻机的发展方向,提出了电动锚杆钻车的思路及实现方式。

自动控制技术在农机性能及安全性方面的应用

随着农业生产对农业机械依赖性的逐渐增强,农机作业性能与农业生产安全性成为社会关注的热点,自动控制技术在农业机械中的应用对提高农机驾驶便捷性、作业精确性、使用可靠性等具有明显作用。该文分析了我国农机自动控制技术的发展现状,阐述了我国农机自动化技术发展的不足及突破方向,总结了自动控制技术对提升农机性能的典型应用形式及在改善农机生产安全性方面的应用方式及特点,展望了农机自动化未来发展方向,以期促进我国农机自动化技术发展进步。

高职院校优质在线课程建设与实践

职业教育肩负着培养高素质技术技能人才的重要职责。电机与电气控制技术课程是高职院校机电一体化技术专业的专业基础课,是学生形成技术技能的关键课程,是学生学习后续专业核心课程的衔接课程。依托贵州省省级优质课程建设项目,该文围绕电机与电气控制技术课程的课程设计、课程建设、课程实施、应用效果等内容阐述了优质在线课程的建设实践,旨在为其他高职院校的优质在线课程建设提供借鉴。

Energy-saving technologies for construction machinery:a review of electro-hydraulic pump-valve coordinated system

With the rapid development of the global economy,more and more attention has been paid to the energy conservation of construction machinery.The hydraulic system is the key component of construction machinery,and improving its energy utilization rate has become an important means to achieve energy conservation.In conventional valve-controlled or pump-controlled hydraulic systems of construction machinery,controllability and energy-saving performance typically cannot be considered at the same time.The pump-valve coordinated system combines the energy-saving characteristics of the pump-controlled system and the high-precision and high-frequency response of the valve-controlled system,which has the potential to become a primary research direction of electro-hydraulic systems.This review summarizes the recent research progress in energy-saving technologies based on pump-valve coordinated systems.Particularly,we discuss the structures of hydraulic systems in different categories of construction machinery,various control methods of the electro-hydraulic system,novel hydraulic hybrid energy regeneration systems,and key components.In addition,future directions and challenges of the pump-valve coordinated systems are described,such as independent metering system(IMS),common pressure rail(CPR),and hybrid power source(HPS).

Research on DSP-Based Automatic Excitation Regulator in Small Rural Hydropower Station

Excitation regulator has played an important role to ensure that generator run safely and stably. However, in some remote areas, the rural small generator excitation control system is very backward, and it has hindered the development of Chinese agriculture and the pace of new countryside construction. This paper introduced a kind of structure and basic principle of DSP-based automatic excitation regulator, which was applied to rural small generator. We chose TMS320LF2407A chip as the core of regulator control system; the regulator adjusted PWM based on PID control strategy to control the exciting current. The theoretical analysis showed that the regulator had the characteristics of simplicity and reliability, well dynamic and static characteristics, and it could also adjust its own state quickly. The result was applicable to small rural hydropower station.

自动控制类专业教学实验室建设探索

自动控制原理实验室是面向全校自动控制类专业共享开放的专业基础课程实验室。通过对实验室现状进行分析,制订实验室建设的总体方案,主要按照验证性实验、综合创新性实验和其他辅助实验等三个维度进行建设。搭建综合创新性实验平台,解决目前缺乏高质量综合创新性实验平台的问题,进一步支撑综合创新性实验和竞赛、实践、科研训练等培养环节;建设辅助实验平台,支撑实验教学等环节多种控制对象仪器设备的数据交互、运行监测,以及学生实验操作的实时评价考核、原始实验数据查询和自动打印实验报告等智能化功能。自动控制类专业教学实验室的建设很好地支撑了课程的教学改革和目标达成度,效果较好。

泥水平衡顶管下穿运营铁路施工安全影响分析

结合某电厂至呼和浩特市长输供热管网工程泥水平衡顶管施工项目,采用数值模拟的方法,对顶管穿越段京包客专、京包铁路、呼王联络线路基及呼王联络线桥梁变形进行仿真分析,揭示泥水平衡套管下穿运营铁路施工对路基及桥梁的影响。结果表明:客专线路路用便梁和管棚加固、普速线路路基采用管棚加固、桥梁基础采用注浆防护后,既有运营铁路路基及桥梁的变形值均能满足铁路运营的安全要求,根据三种不同等级的铁路,所提出的三种加固设计方案均切实有效、可行。

基于模糊神经网络的农机自动转向系统的设计

现代农业生产中要求农业机械在田间工作过程中可实现实时、高效的控制性能。为此,基于模糊控制规则的模糊神经网络控制器,利用遗传算法(Genetic Algorithm,GA)进行人工神经网络模型的优化,对拖拉机转向系统进行优化设计,得到农业机械田间工作时目标输出和实际输出的仿真曲线。基于东方红拖拉机搭建试验平台,进行了输出响应测试和角度测试,并通过MatLab仿真对控制系统的性能进行了分析。研究结果表明:模糊控制规则的模糊神经网络控制器和基于遗传神经网络的改进算法能有效缩短农业转向系统的响应时间,减少超调量,提高转向精度,是一种更加有效的田间作业的控制方法。

油耗测量设备控制系统设计

为实现某款工程机械用发动机油耗测量设备正常工作,对其控制系统进行了设计。该控制系统以STM32单片机为控制单元,分别对电源管理模块、单片机模块、电磁阀驱动模块、传感器选择与信号处理模块、数据存储模块和显示屏模块等硬件电路进行设计,并完成了对应的软件开发。测试实验结果表明:该控制系统能够控制电磁阀启停,使设备平稳供油连续测量,与高精度油耗仪器对比,该设备测量误差在1.5%以内,满足了预期的要求。

考虑滑移滑转的双电机履带底盘路径跟踪算法

针对履带底盘田间作业时由于土壤松软、田面不平整导致履带滑移滑转、自动导航路径跟踪精度低的问题,该研究提出了考虑滑移滑转的履带底盘路径跟踪算法,基于履带底盘运动学模型推导出表征滑移滑转特性的转向半径修正系数,并设计了一种基于预瞄模型的模糊控制路径跟踪算法。该方法在纯模糊控制基础上通过预瞄模型确定预瞄点,进而得到横向偏差与航向偏差,同时在常规模糊控制器中引入转向半径修正系数,建立横向偏差、航向偏差、转向半径修正系数三输入模糊控制器。以双电机履带底盘为控制对象,采用高精度RTK-GNSS和MTi-30惯性传感器获取底盘实时位姿信息与角速度信息,进行组合导航。开展了三输入模糊控制器田间U型路径跟踪试验,结果表明,三输入模糊控制器的直线跟踪最大绝对偏差、平均绝对偏差和标准差分别为12.0、3.6和4.4 cm;三输入模糊控制的曲线跟踪最大绝对偏差、平均绝对偏差和标准差分别为21.3、8.6和8.4 cm;为进一步确定本研究算法在履带出现滑移滑转时对路径跟踪精度的提升效果,开展了常规模糊控制器与三输入模糊控制器曲线路径跟踪对比试验,结果表明:当作业速度为0.6 m/s时,常规模糊控制器的最大绝对偏差、平均绝对偏差和标准差分别为31.1、8.3和10.2 cm,三输入模糊控制器的最大绝对偏差、平均绝对偏差和标准差分别为22.4、7.4和9.1 cm,相较于常规模糊控制器,路径跟踪精度分别提高了27.95%、10.84%和10.78%,所设计的三输入模糊控制器可有效降低履带滑移滑转的影响,增强导航系统的控制性能,可为履带底盘在田间松软土壤环境下高精度导航作业提供参考。

基于低阶模型的含压力补偿比例阀控系统平稳控制

液压工程机械负载变化大、受到控制器计算性能限制,常导致运动控制出现强烈冲击和精度降低等问题,为此提出一种基于低阶模型的含压力补偿比例阀控系统平稳控制方法。首先,证明了含压力补偿比例阀控系统可近似为线性系统,提出一种低阶建模方法,利用分段线性随机系统作为原系统的全局近似,并定量给出分段线性随即系统的协方差矩阵;其次,在所提出的建模方法基础上,设计了稳态卡尔曼速度观测器,提出基于速度观测的双回路控制器,利用精确的观测速度与速度内环控制提高系统阻尼,达到抑制振荡的目的;最后,在盾构管片拼装机举重臂上开展实验验证,实验包括AMESim与Simulink联合仿真实验和PLC控制的实机应用实验。研究结果表明:所提出的低阶建模方法在常见阀参数下与精确模型的精度相对误差不超过3%,所提出的控制方法在低算力控制器上实现了阶跃位置目标轨迹的低冲击、高精度控制,显著增加了系统阻尼,获得了更平滑的速度曲线,减小了稳态误差,力冲击峰值减少21.6 kN,振幅降低约39%,具有较高的工程应用价值。

智能制造视角下造纸机械设备自动控制系统设计研究

随着智能制造技术不断发展,造纸行业也面临着转型升级的压力。为了提高造纸机械设备效率和生产质量,从智能制造视角出发,对造纸机械设备的自动控制系统进行设计研究,首先分析造纸机械设备特点,然后提出一种基于智能制造技术的自动控制系统设计方案。该方案利用传感器、执行器、计算机等技术手段,实现对造纸机械设备的实时监测,通过对数据进行分析,及时解决设备故障,提高生产效率。经过实践证明,该自动控制系统能有效地监测造纸机械设备的运行状态,提高设备运行的稳定性和生产效率,也为智能制造在造纸行业应用提供参考,希望研究成果能够为智能制造和造纸机械设备的自动控制系统设计提供新的思路,促进制造业的可持续发展。

基于PLC技术的农业机械电气自动控制的应用

我国信息化发展进程的加快,对各个行业产生了深远的影响。PLC技术应用于农业生产领域中可实现农业自动化,进一步扩大农业的生产规模,大大提升农业行业的生产效率,推动我国传统农业产业向现代化农业转型升级。为此,本文对PLC技术应用至农业机械电气自动控制的相关内容进行探究,旨在促进农业大规模自动化产业发展,为农业现代化建设提供参考。

并网光伏发电机组中旋转机械驱动控制方法研究

并网光伏发电机组为了最大限度吸收太阳能,需要在面板底部安装旋转机械装置,以便可以随时调整方向,保证发电效率,该文研究了一种有效的并网光伏发电机组旋转机械驱动控制方法。计算并网光伏发电机组暂态响应和旋转机械动不平衡量,获取旋转机械的运行状态。将虚拟同步发电机控制策略、PI调节器和本体算法等自动化控制技术结合在一起,建立旋转机械驱动控制模型,控制并网光伏发电机组输出功率达到初始振荡幅值,实现对旋转机械的驱动控制。实验结果表明,该方法的振动幅度未超过0.6 cm,平均控制响应时间为1.28 s,失控率未超过7.5%,具有良好的驱动控制能力。

铁路智慧预制场建设理念及实践

我国高铁按照“工厂化预制、机械化安装、信息化管理”技术路线,开展面向全生命周期的装配式建造技术探索,取得了一系列成果。针对预制场智能建造应用过程中存在的评价体系不完善等问题,围绕“信息化优化流程、机械化减员增效、绿色人文可持续发展”建场目标,提出从“综合管控平台、自动化生产线、绿色工地”3个维度来评价预制场先进性的理念。以京滨铁路盾构管片场为应用场景,围绕3个维度的建设内容和重点工作进行系统设计,实践验证该方式可提升预制场的整体效率,为其他预制构件场规划建设提供参考。

基于自动控制技术下农业机械能效优化

随着现代农业的发展,农业机械在提升生产效率和减少劳动强度方面发挥了重要作用。然而,传统农业机械的能效优化仍面临较多问题与挑战。该文通过引入智能控制系统,实现对农业机械各项参数的实时监控与调节,阐述了利用可编程逻辑控制器(PLC)和预测模糊控制(PFC)技术,在温度、土壤湿度和光照强度等方面优化农业生产过程,以提高生产效率,降低能耗,确保作物的质量和产量。研究结果可为实现农业生产智能化、可持续性发展提供技术支持。