A hybrid stochastic fractal search and pattern search technique based cascade PI-PD controller for automatic generation control of multi-source power systems in presence of plug in electric vehicles

A hybrid Stochastic Fractal Search plus Pattern Search （hSFS-PS） based cascade PI-PD controller is suggested in this paper for Automatic Generation Control （AGC） of thermal, hydro and gas power unit based power systems in presence of Plug in Electric Vehicles （PEV）. Firstly, a single area multi-source power system consisting of thermal hydro and gas power plants is considered and parameters of Integral （I） controller is optimized by Stochastic FractaI Search （SFS） algorithm. The superiority of SFS algorithm over some recently proposed approaches such as optimal control, differential evolution and teaching learning based optimization techniques is demonstrated by comparing simulation results for the identical power system. To improve the system performance further, Pattern Search （PS） is subsequently employed. The study is further extended for different controllers like PI, PID, and cascaded PI-PD controller and the superiority of cascade PI-PD controller over conventional controllers is demonstrated. Then, cascade PI- PD controller parameters of AGC searched using the proposed hSFS-PS algorithm in presence of plug in electric vehicles. The study is also extended to an interconnected power system. It is seen from the comparative analysis that hSFS-PS tuned PI-PD controller in single and multi-area with multi sources improves the system frequency stability in complicated situations. Lastly, a three area interconnected system with PEVs with dissimilar cascade PI-PD controller in each area is considered and proposed hSFS- PS algorithm is used to tune the controller parameters in presence of nonlinearities like rate constraint of units, dead zone of governor and communication delay.

Neural-Fuzzy-Based Adaptive Sliding Mode Automatic Steering Control of Vision-based Unmanned Electric Vehicles

This paper presents a novel neural-fuzzy-based adaptive sliding mode automatic steering control strategy to improve the driving performance of vision-based unmanned electric vehicles with time-varying and uncertain parameters.Primarily,the kinematic and dynamic models which accurately express the steering behaviors of vehicles are constructed,and in which the relationship between the look-ahead time and vehicle velocity is revealed.Then,in order to overcome the external disturbances,parametric uncertainties and time-varying features of vehicles,a neural-fuzzy-based adaptive sliding mode automatic steering controller is proposed to supervise the lateral dynamic behavior of unmanned electric vehicles,which includes an equivalent control law and an adaptive variable structure control law.In this novel automatic steering control system of vehicles,a neural network system is utilized for approximating the switching control gain of variable structure control law,and a fuzzy inference system is presented to adjust the thickness of boundary layer in real-time.The stability of closed-loop neural-fuzzy-based adaptive sliding mode automatic steering control system is proven using the Lyapunov theory.Finally,the results illustrate that the presented control scheme has the excellent properties in term of error convergence and robustness.

Research and Development of Engine-Generator Set Control System for Tracked Vehicle Electric Transmission System

As an energy generating equipment, the engine-generator set supplies power to the electric transmission. Therefore, its control is one of the key technologies of electric vehicles. Based on the discussion about the demands to the engine-generator set in tracked vehicles, the detailed function of engine-generator and the control strategy are determined. The hardware and software of the control system are also developed and tested in a prototype vehicle. The experiment results show that the control system has good reliability and can satisfy the power requirements of vehicles under all operating conditions.

Hopf Bifurcation Analysis and Control for Electrical System of Military Vehicle

Electrical system of military vehicle is a typical parameterized nonlinear system where complicated bifurcations may exist and threaten its safe and stable operation. An algebraic criterion for Hopf bifurcation is presented briefly and applied to find Hopf bifurcation point of the electrical system with automatic voltage regulator(AVR) dynamics in military vehicle. Hopf bifurcation controllers are designed for this electrical system by using wash-out filter,linear feedback,nonlinear feedback and their combination. The linear feedback control makes the system bring Hopf bifurcation at preferable parameter,the nonlinear feedback control modifies the type of the bifurcation,and the wash-out filter enhances the system damping,thus,the Hopf bifurcation is eliminated and the electrical system stability is ensured. Simulation results show the controller's validity.

The Application of Principle of Automatic Control in the site Management of Electric Power Construction Enterprise

It is need to establish site project department during the construction of electric power project.The head office should design and build the main structure,continually improve structure of project department,meantime,positively apply principle of automatic control to improve the site management of electric power construction.In this article,the application strategy of principle of automatic control is analyzed focusing on the site work of electric power construction.

OPTIMAL TORQUE CONTROL STRATEGY FOR PARALLEL HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE WITH AUTOMATIC MECHANICAL TRANSMISSION

In parallel hybrid electrical vehicle （PHEV） equipped with automatic mechanical transmission （AMT）, the driving smoothness and the clutch abrasion are the primary considerations for powertrain control during gearshift and clutch operation. To improve these performance indexes of PHEV, a coordinated control system is proposed through the analyzing of HEV powertrain dynamic characteristics. Using the method of minimum principle, the input torque of transmission is optimized to improve the driving smoothness of vehicle. Using the methods of fuzzy logic and fuzzy-PID, the engaging speed of clutch and the throttle opening of engine are manipulated to ensure the smoothness of clutch engagement and reduce the abrasion of clutch friction plates. The motor provides the difference between the required input torque of transmission and the torque transmitted through clutch plates. Results of simulation and experiments show that the proposed control strategy performs better than the contrastive control system, the smoothness of driving and the abrasion of clutch can be improved simultaneously.

Design and application of electric oil pump in automatic transmission for efficiency improvement and start–stop function

For the purpose of improving efficiency and realizing start–stop function, an electric oil pump(EOP) is integrated into an 8-speed automatic transmission(AT). A mathematical model is built to calculate the transmission power loss and the hydraulic system leakage. Based on this model, a flow-based control strategy is developed for EOP to satisfy the system flow requirement. This control strategy is verified through the forward driving simulation. The results indicate that there is a best combination for the size of mechanical oil pump(MOP) and EOP in terms of minimum energy consumption. In order to get a quick and smooth starting process, control strategies of the EOP and the on-coming clutch are proposed. The test environment on a prototype vehicle is built to verify the feasibility of the integrated EOP and its control strategies. The results show that the selected EOP can satisfy the flow requirement and a quick and smooth starting performance is achieved in the start–stop function. This research has a high value for the forward design of EOP in automatic transmissions with respect to efficiency improvement and start–stop function.

Study on Modeling and Control Strategy for Electric Drive Motor of Tracked Vehicles

Aimed at the requirements for electric transmission system of a military tracked vehicle, the motor's design indexes were analysed and calculated. A model based on saturate inductance parameter of interior permanent magnet (IPM) synchronous motor was brought forward by using finite element analysis. And its control strategy based on the largest running capability was studied also. The experiment results for a scale model show that the modelling method improves the model's accuracy, and the motor's control strategy is effective.

Analysis of Small Oscillations in Complex Electric Power Systems

In this article the mathematical model of complex regulated electric system in matrix form is developed. This mathematical model makes it possible to study the steady-state stability of a complex electrical system by determining the eigenvalues of the dynamics matrix. The model of an electrical system that reflects transient processes for small deviations is convenient, both algorithmically and computationally, in particular, in cases of their joint solution with steady-state equations—the equations of nodal voltages. The obtained results in the form of the eigenvalues of the matrix spectrum are qualitatively the same as the results of classical studies, which is a consequence of the adequacy of the proposed model and the correct reflection of the dynamic processes occurring in a real electrical system. In addition, the equations obtained are of independent importance for the analysis of various modes, including transient, electrical systems of any complexity.

烟草钵苗双盘对称交错式自动取苗装置设计与试验

为解决烟草半移栽作业用工量大、效益低等问题,设计一种对称交错式自动取苗装置。首先,阐述该自动取苗装置对两盘钵苗进行交错式取苗的原理,建立取投苗作业过程中的动力学和运动学模型。然后,对送盘装置、取投苗装置和自动控制系统等取苗装置关键部件进行结构设计,分析关键部件的作业过程,结合实际需求完成关键元器件的选型。最后,在已有移栽机动力底盘的基础上试制2ZY-1型烟草移栽机样机,以60天苗龄的烟草钵苗为作业对象进行田间取投苗性能试验。试验结果表明,在自动取投苗速度为20株/min时,取苗成功率为89.63%,投苗成功率为97.20%,伤苗率为3.59%。

PLC技术在煤矿电气工程自动化控制中的应用

为进一步探究煤矿电气工程自动化控制水平的提升路径,结合煤矿井下皮带机设备的电气自动化控制工作需要,以PLC技术为核心,构建面向皮带机的煤矿电气工程自动化控制系统,并对系统的控制站、通信功能、远程监控、人机交互等各方面的功能均进行详细设计,以实现系统功能。从现场测试效果来看,该系统能够实现对皮带机的有效监控,表明该系统具有一定的应用价值。

基于PLC的全自动码垛机电气控制系统设计研究

自动码垛机需要实现多轴运动控制,包括各种传动部件的精确控制和同步。需要考虑运动规划、速度控制、位置反馈等方面,这使得确保系统的稳定性和精度难度较高。为此,设计基于PLC的全自动码垛机电气控制系统。首先,通过PLC、传感器、执行器、操作面板和人机界面、电源和电气元完成系统的整体硬件的设计;其次,设计自动取料模块和速度电气控制器。对于系统软件部分,先设计PLC梯形图。基于此,结合抗扰电气控制器原理,再设计全自动码垛机的鲁棒电气控制算法。实验结果表明,所设计系统能够精准跟踪全自动码垛机机械臂的关节轨迹,说明该系统的电气控制效果较好,且具有理想的抗干扰性。

煤矿井下水力压裂自动控制系统设计

分析指出目前煤矿井下水力压裂技术面临压裂泵输出压力和流量无法快速精确调节、远程安全监控效果及自动化水平有待提高等难题。设计了一种煤矿井下水力压裂自动控制系统。根据煤矿井下水力压裂工艺及系统构成,明确了控制系统关键技术为高压大流量压裂泵输出流量和压力的快速精确调节,远程高可靠性安全、高速实时监控,一键启停及图形化分析等。以KXH12本安型控制器为核心,搭配变频器、组合开关、监控主机、电动开度球阀等设备,以及光纤加CAN总线的双线冗余通信方案,研发了控制系统硬件,并编制了压裂泵控制器、水箱控制器及中央控制器软件,实现了压裂系统快速变流量注水、稳定保压及远程高速实时监控和报警等功能。在煤矿现场对水力压裂自动控制系统进行工业性试验,结果表明该系统压力控制精度为0.1 MPa,流量控制精度为0.1 m3/h,在连续完成14次压裂过程中,每次煤岩层开裂后均能实现较好的保压效果,且操作简单,安全性高,满足煤矿井下水力压裂工艺要求。

化工企业电气仪表自动化控制技术的运用

电气仪表自动控制系统的发展,离不开信息技术的支持,它能够为化工企业的设备装置提供技术保障,还可以带动电气仪表自动化的发展。在现代化生产作业中,研究和开发自动化技术,能够促进工业发展。特别是通过智能化自动控制技术的应用,可进一步提升电气仪表的安全运行效果、增加企业的经济效益。

纯电动装载机坡道防溜策略

根据纯电动装载机传动系统特性,基于装载机运行参数和行走电动机控制器上传至整车控制器的转矩和转速,制定了坡道防溜控制策略.由整车控制器确定纯电动装载机进入防溜模式的条件,并采用比例-积分(proportional-integral,PI)算法计算防溜模式时下发至行走电动机控制器的目标转矩,使装载机可在无踏板动作时稳定在坡上.基于Simulink搭建纯电动装载机坡道防溜控制算法模型,使用Simulink自动代码生成技术生成可应用于整车控制器的程序并进行试验验证及参数优化,使用装载机在坡上停车和坡上起步阶段的溜车距离分析坡道防溜效果.结果表明:所制定的坡道防溜策略在各坡度坡道上可有效驻坡;坡度为30%时,装载机在坡上停车的最大溜车距离为8.0 cm,在坡上起步的最大溜车距离为4.0 cm,可满足安全驻坡要求.

PLC技术在电气工程及其自动化控制系统中的应用

为进一步发挥PLC技术在电气工程及其自动化控制系统中的应用价值,文章分析了PLC技术的应用优势,从顺序控制、开关量控制、闭环控制、模拟量控制4个方面分析了PLC技术的具体应用。为进一步优化电气工程及其自动化控制系统,还需积极拓展应用场景,加强抗干扰改造,实现电气设备智能升级。通过落实上述措施,有助于提高电气自动化系统的可靠性,保障电气系统稳定运行。

基于PLC技术的农业机械电气自动控制的应用

我国信息化发展进程的加快,对各个行业产生了深远的影响。PLC技术应用于农业生产领域中可实现农业自动化,进一步扩大农业的生产规模,大大提升农业行业的生产效率,推动我国传统农业产业向现代化农业转型升级。为此,本文对PLC技术应用至农业机械电气自动控制的相关内容进行探究,旨在促进农业大规模自动化产业发展,为农业现代化建设提供参考。

基于记忆截割的采煤机自适应控制技术研究

随着煤炭行业发展,煤炭智能化开采技术已不断应用于实践中,采煤机作为煤矿主要开采设备,其智能化功能及控制方式成为目前主要研究方向。针对西铭矿现有采煤机在智能控制方面存在的不足,制定了具有智能化功能的电牵引采煤机分布式自适应控制方案,采用GIS系统对采煤机及煤层进行定位识别,并通过记忆截割模型与人工修正相结合的方式实现了根据煤层变化自动调节滚筒高度及摇臂角度,对于提高采煤机智能化水平具有实际应用价值。

电气传动自动控制中变频器应用技术探析

电气传动自动控制系统在现代工业自动化中扮演着关键角色,它们负责控制各种设备和机械的运行,以实现生产过程的高效性和自动化。深入研究电气传动自动控制中变频器的应用技术,包括其基本工作原理、在不同应用场景中的重要性以及对系统性能的影响。通过对变频器技术的全面分析,旨在为工程师和研究人员提供有关如何更好地利用这一技术来优化电气传动系统的实用指南。

三星堆博物馆新馆火灾自动报警系统的融合设计

结合三星堆博物馆新馆的消防电气系统设计,分析博物馆火灾特点和新馆消防需求,介绍三星堆博物馆新馆火灾自动报警系统设计要点,包括新旧馆消防设备整合,高大空间、库房、展厅等博物馆特殊消防设计,美学与设计融合,专业间配合协调,全周期设计等。