A combined process consisting of a short-cut nitrification （SN） reactor and an anaerobic ammonium oxidation upflow anaerobic sludge bed （ANAMMOX） reactor was developed to treat the diluted effluent from an upflow ...A combined process consisting of a short-cut nitrification （SN） reactor and an anaerobic ammonium oxidation upflow anaerobic sludge bed （ANAMMOX） reactor was developed to treat the diluted effluent from an upflow anaerobic sludge bed （UASB） reactor treating high ammonium municipal landfill leachate.The SN process was performed in an aerated upflow sludge bed （AUSB） reactor （working volume 3.05 L）,treating about 50% of the diluted raw wastewater.The ammonium removal efficiency and the ratio of NO 2 N to NOx-N in the effluent were both higher than 80%,at a maximum nitrogen loading rate of 1.47 kg/（m 3 ·day）.The ANAMMOX process was performed in an UASB reactor （working volume 8.5 L）,using the mix of SN reactor effluent and diluted raw wastewater at a ratio of 1：1.The ammonium and nitrite removal efficiency reached over 93% and 95%,respectively,after 70-day continuous operation,at a maximum total nitrogen loading rate of 0.91 kg/（m 3 ·day）,suggesting a successful operation of the combined process.The average nitrogen loading rate of the combined system was 0.56 kg/（m 3 ·day）,with an average total inorganic nitrogen removal efficiency 87%.The nitrogen in the effluent was mostly nitrate.The results provided important evidence for the possibility of applying SN-ANAMMOX after UASB reactor to treat municipal landfill leachate.展开更多
The characteristics of the start-up period of single-step autotrophic nitrogen removal process were investigated. The autotrophic nitrogen removal process used a sequencing batch reactor to treat wastewater of medium ...The characteristics of the start-up period of single-step autotrophic nitrogen removal process were investigated. The autotrophic nitrogen removal process used a sequencing batch reactor to treat wastewater of medium to low ammonia-nitrogen concentration, with dissolved oxygen （DO）, hydraulic retention time （HRT） and temperature controlled. The experimental conditions were temperature at （30±2） ℃, ammonia concentration of （60 to 120） mg/L, DO of （0.8 to 1.0） mg/L, pH from 7.8 to 8.5 and HRT of 24 h. The rates of nitrification and nitrogen removal turn out to be 77% and 40%, respectively, after a start up period going through three stages divided according to nitrite accumulation： sludge domestication, nitrifying bacteria selection and sludge adaptation, It is demonstrated that dissolved oxygen is critical to nitrite accumulation and elastic YJZH soft compound packing is superior to polyhedral hollow balls in helping the bacteria adhere to the membrane.展开更多
Biological nitrogen removal of wastewater with low COD/N ratio could be enhanced by the addition of wasted sludge fermentation liquid(SFL),but the performance is usually limited by the introducing ammonium.In this stu...Biological nitrogen removal of wastewater with low COD/N ratio could be enhanced by the addition of wasted sludge fermentation liquid(SFL),but the performance is usually limited by the introducing ammonium.In this study,the process of using SFL was successfully improved by involving anammox process.Real municipal wastewater with a low C/N ratio of 2.8–3.4 was treated in a sequencing batch reactor(SBR).The SBR was operated under anaerobic-aerobic-anoxic(AOA)mode and excess SFL was added into the anoxic phase.Stable short-cut nitrification was achieved after 46d and then anammox sludge was inoculated.In the stable period,effluent total inorganic nitrogen(TIN)was less than 4.3 mg/L with removal efficiency of 92.3%.Further analysis suggests that anammox bacteria,mainly affiliated with Candidatus_Kuenenia,successfully reduced the external ammonia from the SFL and contributed approximately 28%–43%to TIN removal.Overall,this study suggests anammox could be combined with SFL addition,resulting in a stable enhanced nitrogen biological removal.展开更多
为实现高氨氮废水的高效低耗稳定去除,在常温条件下,对曝气生物滤池(BAF)中实现与稳定短程硝化-厌氧氨氧化自养脱氮工艺进行了研究。研究结果表明:常温条件下,BAF接种二沉池回流污泥,采用闷曝-连续运行结合的接种挂膜方式,可成功实现短...为实现高氨氮废水的高效低耗稳定去除,在常温条件下,对曝气生物滤池(BAF)中实现与稳定短程硝化-厌氧氨氧化自养脱氮工艺进行了研究。研究结果表明:常温条件下,BAF接种二沉池回流污泥,采用闷曝-连续运行结合的接种挂膜方式,可成功实现短程硝化-厌氧氨氧化一体化自养脱氮。闷曝阶段使种泥活性恢复,而连续流运行过程中游离氨(FA)浓度高,可抑制亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB),实现BAF中亚硝酸盐累积;通过调整BAF回流方式,降低回流液中NO_2^-N-,防止NOB生长,并通过厌氧氨氧化(Anammox)滤池出水回流方式,接种微量Anammox菌,运行80 d可实现短程硝化-厌氧氨氧化,140 d后系统运行稳定,总氮(TN)去除率达76.62%。生物滤池有利于短程硝化-厌氧氨氧化工艺的实现与稳定,生物膜中不同厚度存在好氧缺氧环境,利于氨氧化菌(AOB)和Anammox菌共存;滤料的过滤作用有效地防止了Anammox菌流失,使其在系统中不断累积生长。不仅如此,AOB和Anammox菌均为自养菌且生长缓慢,避免了生物滤池的频繁反冲洗,简化了生物滤池的运行。气水比是BAF中一体化运行的关键参数,本研究中最佳的气水比为12:1,氨氮去除负荷达到0.91 kg N·m^(-3)·d^(-1),氨氮和TN去除率分别可达96.86%和85.47%。展开更多
基金supported by the Special Fundof State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control,China (No. 08Y03ESPCT)the Key Projects in the National Science & Technology Pillar Program in the Eleventh Five-Year Plan Period of China(No. 2006BACl9B01)
文摘A combined process consisting of a short-cut nitrification （SN） reactor and an anaerobic ammonium oxidation upflow anaerobic sludge bed （ANAMMOX） reactor was developed to treat the diluted effluent from an upflow anaerobic sludge bed （UASB） reactor treating high ammonium municipal landfill leachate.The SN process was performed in an aerated upflow sludge bed （AUSB） reactor （working volume 3.05 L）,treating about 50% of the diluted raw wastewater.The ammonium removal efficiency and the ratio of NO 2 N to NOx-N in the effluent were both higher than 80%,at a maximum nitrogen loading rate of 1.47 kg/（m 3 ·day）.The ANAMMOX process was performed in an UASB reactor （working volume 8.5 L）,using the mix of SN reactor effluent and diluted raw wastewater at a ratio of 1：1.The ammonium and nitrite removal efficiency reached over 93% and 95%,respectively,after 70-day continuous operation,at a maximum total nitrogen loading rate of 0.91 kg/（m 3 ·day）,suggesting a successful operation of the combined process.The average nitrogen loading rate of the combined system was 0.56 kg/（m 3 ·day）,with an average total inorganic nitrogen removal efficiency 87%.The nitrogen in the effluent was mostly nitrate.The results provided important evidence for the possibility of applying SN-ANAMMOX after UASB reactor to treat municipal landfill leachate.
基金the Scientific and Technical Research Major Project Foundation of Educational Ministry of China (No. 308020)Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50608071)Doctoral Fund of the Ministry of Education of China (No. 20050611010)
文摘The characteristics of the start-up period of single-step autotrophic nitrogen removal process were investigated. The autotrophic nitrogen removal process used a sequencing batch reactor to treat wastewater of medium to low ammonia-nitrogen concentration, with dissolved oxygen （DO）, hydraulic retention time （HRT） and temperature controlled. The experimental conditions were temperature at （30±2） ℃, ammonia concentration of （60 to 120） mg/L, DO of （0.8 to 1.0） mg/L, pH from 7.8 to 8.5 and HRT of 24 h. The rates of nitrification and nitrogen removal turn out to be 77% and 40%, respectively, after a start up period going through three stages divided according to nitrite accumulation： sludge domestication, nitrifying bacteria selection and sludge adaptation, It is demonstrated that dissolved oxygen is critical to nitrite accumulation and elastic YJZH soft compound packing is superior to polyhedral hollow balls in helping the bacteria adhere to the membrane.
基金supported by Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Project(Z181100005518006)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21777005)and R&D Program of Beijing Municipal Education commission.
文摘Biological nitrogen removal of wastewater with low COD/N ratio could be enhanced by the addition of wasted sludge fermentation liquid(SFL),but the performance is usually limited by the introducing ammonium.In this study,the process of using SFL was successfully improved by involving anammox process.Real municipal wastewater with a low C/N ratio of 2.8–3.4 was treated in a sequencing batch reactor(SBR).The SBR was operated under anaerobic-aerobic-anoxic(AOA)mode and excess SFL was added into the anoxic phase.Stable short-cut nitrification was achieved after 46d and then anammox sludge was inoculated.In the stable period,effluent total inorganic nitrogen(TIN)was less than 4.3 mg/L with removal efficiency of 92.3%.Further analysis suggests that anammox bacteria,mainly affiliated with Candidatus_Kuenenia,successfully reduced the external ammonia from the SFL and contributed approximately 28%–43%to TIN removal.Overall,this study suggests anammox could be combined with SFL addition,resulting in a stable enhanced nitrogen biological removal.
文摘为实现高氨氮废水的高效低耗稳定去除,在常温条件下,对曝气生物滤池(BAF)中实现与稳定短程硝化-厌氧氨氧化自养脱氮工艺进行了研究。研究结果表明:常温条件下,BAF接种二沉池回流污泥,采用闷曝-连续运行结合的接种挂膜方式,可成功实现短程硝化-厌氧氨氧化一体化自养脱氮。闷曝阶段使种泥活性恢复,而连续流运行过程中游离氨(FA)浓度高,可抑制亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB),实现BAF中亚硝酸盐累积;通过调整BAF回流方式,降低回流液中NO_2^-N-,防止NOB生长,并通过厌氧氨氧化(Anammox)滤池出水回流方式,接种微量Anammox菌,运行80 d可实现短程硝化-厌氧氨氧化,140 d后系统运行稳定,总氮(TN)去除率达76.62%。生物滤池有利于短程硝化-厌氧氨氧化工艺的实现与稳定,生物膜中不同厚度存在好氧缺氧环境,利于氨氧化菌(AOB)和Anammox菌共存;滤料的过滤作用有效地防止了Anammox菌流失,使其在系统中不断累积生长。不仅如此,AOB和Anammox菌均为自养菌且生长缓慢,避免了生物滤池的频繁反冲洗,简化了生物滤池的运行。气水比是BAF中一体化运行的关键参数,本研究中最佳的气水比为12:1,氨氮去除负荷达到0.91 kg N·m^(-3)·d^(-1),氨氮和TN去除率分别可达96.86%和85.47%。
