Usefulness of Breast MRI for Safe Omission of Axillary Lymph Nodes Dissection in Sentinel Node-Positive Breast Cancer Patients

Background: Preoperative identification of patients with extensive lymph node metastasis (LNM) is important for safe omission of axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) in sentinel node (SN)-positive (SN+) breast cancer patients. Methods: We evaluated retrospectively the collected data of 758 breast cancer patients who underwent axillary surgery between 2008 and 2017, excluding those who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Results: Of the 758 patients, 607 were not suspicious to have LNM by axillary ultrasound (AUS-), but 38 suspicious cases were found by breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Of 15 patients undergoing axillary fine needle biopsy (AFNA) due to second-look axillary ultrasound (AUS), 9 underwent ALND because of a positive AFNA (AFNA+). Among 81 (10.9%) patients undergoing ALND due to SN+ findings, 6 (7.4%) had extensive LNM (LNM ≥ 4). If MRI was not performed, among the 90 of 673 patients undergoing ALND who had SN+ findings, 12 (13.3%) had LNM ≥ 4. Conclusions: The proportion of cases with LNM ≥ 4 was reduced from 13.3% to 7.4% among patients undergoing SN biopsies combined with breast MRI. ALND might be omitted safely in SN+ cases according to detailed preoperative evaluations using additional breast MRI to ultrasound.

The Risk Factors of Lymphedema in Breast Cancer Patients Post Axillary Clearance

Introduction: Breast cancer is the number one malignancy affecting females in Saudi Arabia with a prevalence of 22.4%. Breast cancer incidence increases annually due to the aid of established screening programs, leading to the discovery of breast cancer in its early stages. Surgical treatment is an integral part of early breast cancer management to achieve local control. Axillary surgical interventions such sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) and axillary lymph node clearance (ALND) aim to stage the axilla as an adjunct to the management of the primary breast tumor. In this paper, we reviewed female breast cancer patients aged 30 - 60 who underwent surgical treatment of SLNB and/or ALND with reporting the prevalence of lymphedema and other associated complications and risk factors. Methodology: A cross-sectional non-interventional study, with a sample size of 250 including breast cancer cases from 2016 to 2019 at National Guard Hospital (NGH) in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Results: A total of 253 breast cancer cases were included in this study, with a mean age of 53 years, 52.7% were postmenopausal and positive family history was present among 21% of cases. Further, 90.9% of the cases had unilateral disease. Staging was as follows: stage I 14.5%, stage II 45.2%, stage III 37.1%, and stage IV 3.2%. Mastectomy was done in 73.4% cases and lumpectomy was performed in 34.1% of cases. In addition, 93.3% of patients had SLNB and 49% of them were positive. Axillary dissection was performed in 69.6% of our patients. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy were given to 71.8% and 80.4% of cases respectively. Among the chemotherapy (chemo) recipients, 40.2% received adjuvant chemo, 54.5% received neoadjuvant chemo, and the remaining 5.3% received both. Further, the most prevalent complication was pain accounting for 42.1% of total complications, and the least prevalent was cellulitis 4%. Also, seroma developed in 18.3% cases, paresthesia noted in 5.6% of cases, winged scapula was reported as 2%, weakness and necrosis were seen in 6% and 13.1% of cases respectively. Axillary vein thrombosis and lymphangiosarcoma were reported in none of the patients (0%). Lymphoedema accounted for 16.1% of overall complications, 85% of the patients who developed lymphedema had undergone ALND, and 12.9% and 14.4% received radiotherapy and chemotherapy respectively. Lymphedema was observed in breast cancer stages as follows: stage I 1.2%, stage II 7.2%, and stage III 5.2%. Patients with body mass index (BMI) of 30 - 39 kg/m2 had 7.2% prevalence of lymphedema compared to other BMI groups. Overall mortality was 8.3%. Conclusion: The findings of our study suggest that the prevalence of lymphedema was higher in ALND patients with locally advanced tumors, and higher BMI, compared to patients with stage I breast cancer and low BMI. Further, the prevalence of lymphedema in patients who underwent ALND was significantly lower than those who were treated by lumpectomy 10.3% (p-value = 0.034) in comparison to mastectomy 19.3%.

Accuracy of Ultrasound Examination of Loco-Regional Lymph Nodes in Breast Cancer Follow-Up and Its Role in the Axillary Surgical Management

Objective: Major international guidelines have not standardized the sequence of diagnostic examinations during the follow-up of a patient with a diagnosed breast cancer. The aim of this study is to investigate the accuracy of sonography in the diagnosis of loco-regional lymphatic recurrences in comparison to the core needle biopsy results. Materials and Methods: Among 6455 patients who were followed up with clinical examination, mammography and ultrasound between January 2004 and November 2011, 125 (1.93%) patients had to be investigated with a core needle biopsy of a sonographically suspicious loco-regional lymph node. Results: Among the whole series, a total of 142 ultrasound-guided core needle biopsies were performed. Follow-up for the primary tumor lasted for a median time of 6.1 years (range 1 - 27 years). Ultrasound of suspicious loco-regional lymph nodes showed a sensitivity of 89.5%, a specificity of 87.1% and a positive predictive value of 89.5%. Conclusions: In our experience, ultrasound of suspicious loco-regional lymph nodes showed good accuracy and it should be a part of the standard examinations performed during follow-up for breast cancer.

The number of tumor-free axillary lymph nodes removed as a prognostic parameter for node-negative breast cancer

Recently, there has been controversy about the relationship between the number of lymph nodes removed and survival of patients diagnosed with lymph node-negative breast cancer. To assess this relationship, 603 cases of lymph node-negative breast cancer with a median of 126 months of follow-up data were studied. Patients were stratified into two groups(Group A, 10 or fewer tumor-free lymph nodes removed; Group B, more than 10 tumor-free lymph nodes removed). The number of tumor-free lymph nodes in ipsilateral axillary resections as well as 5 other disease parameters were analyzed for prognostic value. Our results revealed that the risk of death from breast cancer was significantly associated with patient age, marital status, histologic grade, tumor size, and adjuvant therapy. The 5- and 10-year survival rates for patients with 10 or fewer tumor-free lymph nodes removed was 88.0% and 66.4%, respectively, compared with 69.2% and 51.1%, respectively, for patients with more than 10 tumor-free lymph nodes removed. For patients with 10 or fewer tumor-free lymph nodes removed, the adjusted hazard ratio(HR) for risk of death from breast cancer was 0.579(95% confidence interval, 0.492-0.687, P < 0.001), independent of patient age, marital status, histologic grade, tumor size, and adjuvant therapy. Our study suggests that the number of tumor-free lymph nodes removed is an independent predictor in cases of lymph node-negative breast cancer.

Axillary lymph node management in breast cancer with positive sentinel lymph node biopsy

The surgical treatment of localized breast cancer has become progressively less aggressive over the years.The management of the axillary lymph nodes has been modified by the introduction of sentinel lymph node biopsy. Axillary dissection can be avoided in patients with sentinel lymph node negative biopsies. Based on randomized trials data, it has been proposed that no lymph node dissection should be carried out even in certain patients with sentinel lymph node positive biopsies. This commentary discusses the basis of such recommendations and cautions against a general omission of lymph node dissection in breast cancer patients with positive sentinel lymph node biopsies. Instead, an individualized approach based on axillary tumor burden and biology of the cancer should be considered.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the stomach with axillary lymph node metastasis: A case report

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common type of gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors, although metastasis to the perigastric lymph nodes is relatively rare, compared with liver or peritoneal metastasis. In this report, we describe a case of stomach GIST with a solitary simultaneous metastasis in the left axillary lymph node. A 68-year-old man was diagnosed with a large upper-stomach GIST, and computed tomography and positron emission tomography revealed masses in the left axilla and right mediastinum. We did not detect evidence of metastases to the liver, or other sites including the perigastric lymph nodes, although findings from the surgically resected axillary lymph nodes were compatible with GIST metastasis. Treatment using imatinib markedly reduced the gastric and mediastinal lesions, and this response persisted for 3 years. The patient subsequently experienced rapid growth of the gastric lesion without mediastinal or axilla recurrence, which required palliative surgery. Despite continuing medical treatment(sunitinib and regorafenib), the patient died of liver metastases 23 mo after the surgery. Based on our findings, it appears that the axillary lymph nodes can be a potential metastatic site for GIST metastasis.

Early Results of Omitting Completion Axillary Lymph Node Dissection in Sentinel Lymph Node Metastasis-Positive Breast Cancer Patients

Background: We investigated the early results of omitting completion axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) for axillary node metastasis-negative (N0), sentinel node (SN) metastasis-positive breast cancer patients. Patients and Methods: 489 patients had invasive N0 breast cancer treated without completion ALND, regardless of their SN metastasis status. Analyses included the associations between the SN metastasis status, clinicopathological findings and recurrence, between recurrence and clinicopathological findings, and recurrence-free survival. Results: 430 patients were SN biopsy (SNB)-negative, and 59 were SNB-positive. The SNB-positive patients received significantly more potent adjuvant therapy than the SNB-negative patients. Median follow-up was 3.7 years, and the axillary node recurrence was seen in 6 patients (1.2%) and recurrence in 21 patients. The SN status showed no associations with the clinicopathological findings or recurrence. Univariate analysis showed recurrence was associated with absence of hormonal therapy, ER-negative, PgR-negative, HER2-positive or triple-negative (TNBC) disease, a tumor ≥2.1 cm and higher nuclear grade. Multivariate analysis showed recurrence was associated with absence of hormonal therapy and a tumor ≥2.1 cm. Cox proportional hazards model showed recurrence was extremely early in ER-negative and TNBC patients. Conclusion: Completion ALND can be skipped in N0 breast cancer patients even if they are SNB-positive, but adjuvant therapy is essential.

THE PROGNOSIS SIGNIFICANCE OF CATHEPSIN-D EXPRESSIONIN THE DIFFERENT LOCATIONS IN AXILLARY NODES NEGATIVE CARCINOMA

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate Cathepsin-D (Cath-D) expression in different location and its relationship with prognosis in the axillary lymph nodes negative (ANN) breast cancer patients. Methods: Cath-D expression in 192 cases of breast carcinoma were examined by immunohistochemistry. Depending on different parts of expression, three evaluating methods were used, compared and analysed. Results: The positive rate of Cath-D expression in ANN breast cancer with poor prognosis group and axillary nodes positive (ANP) group were significantly higher than that in ANN breast cancer with good prognosis group (x 2=23.20,P<0.01), while there was no significant difference between ANP group and ANN with poor prognosis group (x 2=0.19,P>0.05). Cath-D expression in stromal cells had no statistical difference among the three groups (x}2=1.56,P>0.05). When the Cath-D expression in cancer and stromal cells were counted into the positive rate, it was near the same (u 1=0.47,u 2=1.41,P>0.05). Conclusion: These results suggest that Cath-D expression is one of the powerful prognostic markers in ANN breast cancer. It’s a reliable, practical, and convenient method to observe and evaluate Cath-D expression in cancer cells.

双源双能量CT定量评价预测乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结(ALNs)转移

目的 评价双能量CT定量参数对乳腺癌患者转移性腋窝淋巴结(ALNs)的诊断效能。方法 连续收集2018年6月至2021年03月期间于张家港澳洋医院行双能量增强CT检查的26名女性乳腺癌患者的资料。采用卡方检验及计量资料统计方法分析比较转移性和非转移性ALNs的双能量CT定量参数和形态学表现。通过受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)分析形态学和定量参数的诊断效能,计算其敏感性、特异性及准确性。使用多因素logistic回归模型分析ALNs的危险因素。结果 研究共纳入26名女性乳腺癌患者,共纳入141个ALNs,根据组织病理学结果分为两组:转移性ALNs (59个)和非转移性ALNs (82个)。转移性ALNs的静脉期能量曲线斜率(λHu)、静脉期标准化碘浓度(nIC)及静脉期标准化有效原子数(nZeff)均高于非转移性ALNs。ROC曲线分析显示,CT定量参数中的静脉期能量曲线斜率(λHu)对乳腺癌ALNs转移的诊断效能高于常规形态学参数。Logistic回归分析表明,静脉期λHu与静脉期nIC是预测转移性ALNs的最佳参数指标。结论 双能量CT定量参数可作为鉴别乳腺癌患者ALNs的一种补充的非侵入性检查方法。

No Axillary Lymph Node Dissection in Breast Cancer Patients with Sentinel Lymph Node Micrometastasis

Follow-up data of a series of 75 breast cancer patients with sentinel node (SN) micrometastases only (between 0.2 and 2 mm) and favorable histopathological features of the primary tumor (well-differentiated, T1 tumors without lymphovascular invasion) who refused completion axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) or who were unsuitable for surgery were assessed in order to detect the rate of axillary recurrence after an adjuvant chemoand/or hormonal adjuvant treatment was given. The great majority of patients (81.3%) did not undergo ALND due to the existence of favorable histopathologic factors while the rest were equally distributed among over 75-year-old women (10.6%) and patients at a high surgical risk due to comorbid conditions (9.3%). Sixty-six patients (88%) underwent conservative treatment (lumpectomy followed by adjuvant breast radiotherapy) while the remaining nine patients (12%) had total mastectomy;72 out of 75 patients (96%) received some forms of adjuvant chemoand/or hormone-therapy. After a median follow-up of 38 months (range 12 - 84 months), nine out of 75 patients (12%) had a disease relapse, only one of them (1.3%) being affected by an axillary recurrence in the untreated axilla three years after primary surgery. On these grounds, completion ALND could be safely omitted in patients with SN micrometastasis and favorable histopathological characteristics of the primary neoplasm due to the very low rate of axillary recurrence with no detrimental effect on survival.

Determination of Metastatic Axillary Lymph Node in Breast Cancer: Differentiation with Dynamic MRI Examination by Signal Intensity-Time Curves

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the role of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the detection of axillary lymph node metastasis based on the signal intensity-time curves. Materials and Methods: The data of 120 patients (benign patients, n = 91;malignant patients, n = 29) who underwent dynamic breast MRI were reviewed. The lymph nodes with the strongest criteria for malignancy (morphological-dynamic properties) were included in the analysis. Signal intensity-time curves were plotted by the software. Results: Of 29 patients with breast cancer, axillary lymph nodes were involved in 21 and not involved in the remaining 8. There was no significant difference between benign and malignant cases in terms of the distributions of Type Ia, Type Ib and Type IV curves (p = 0.12), whereas a significant difference was found between benign and malignant cases in terms of the distributions of Type II and III curves (p Conclusion: On dynamic MRI studies, benign and metastatic lymph nodes display different signal intensity-time curves.

Efficacy and prognosis of mastoscopic axillary lymph node dissection for breast cancer:a systematic evaluation and meta-analysis

Objective:To systematically evaluate the efficacy and prognosis of breast lumpectomy axillary lymphatic dissection for the treatment of breast cancer.Methods:We use computer to search PubMed,The Cochrane Library,EMBASE,Web of Science,China Knowledge Network,Wanfang database,VIP database and CBM for randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of breast lumpectomy in axillary lymphatic dissection for breast cancer.The search time frame was from the database establishment to July 2021.Meta-analysis was performed using Revman 5.4.1 software after 2 investigators independently screened the literature,extracted information,and evaluated the risk of bias of the included studies.Results:A total of 20 RCTs including 2672 patients were included.Mastoscopic axillary lymph node dissection(MALND)was used in the trial group and conventional axillary lymph node dissection(CALND)was used in the control group.The results showed that the trial group was more effective in controlling bleeding volume[MD=-54.72,95%CI(-79.73,-29.71),P<0.00001],postoperative drainage[MD=-98.99,95%CI(-128.83,-69.15),P<0.00001],length of hospital stay[MD=-2.75,95%CI(-4.67,-0.83),P=0.005],and incidence rate of adverse reaction[RR=0.30,95%CI(0.19,0.45),P<0.00001]were superior to the control group,and the differences were statistically significant.Conclusions:Current evidence suggests that MALND can achieve better outcomes compared with CALND.It is more advantageous in controlling the bleeding volume,postoperative drainage,length of hospital stays,and incidence rate of adverse events.

乳腺癌患者腋窝淋巴结转移的危险因素及行X线摄影与CT检查的诊断效能分析

目的:探讨乳腺癌患者腋窝淋巴结转移的危险因素及X线与CT检查的诊断效能比较。方法:选取2021年1月至2023年5月在我院治疗的乳腺癌患者112例,分析发生和未发生腋窝淋巴结转移患者临床资料差异;同时分析X线、CT检查诊断腋窝淋巴结转移的价值。结果:112例患者中,腋窝淋巴结转移患者32例,腋窝淋巴结转移率为28.57%;发生腋窝淋巴结转移患者组织低分化比例、组织类型为浸润性癌比例、有脉管浸润比例、肿瘤直径≥5cm比例、组织Ki-67表达≥14%比例分别为68.75%、90.63%、28.13%、31.25%和84.38%,明显高于未发生腋窝淋巴结转移患者(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析显示:分化程度、病灶组织类型、脉管浸润、Ki-67表达是乳腺癌患者发生腋窝淋巴结转移的影响因素(P<0.05);X线诊断腋窝淋巴结转移与病理结果一致性Kappa值为0.500,P<0.05,一致性较差;CT诊断腋窝淋巴结转移与病理结果一致性Kappa值为0.825,P<0.05,一致性较好;CT诊断腋窝淋巴结转移的准确性、灵敏性和阴性预测值分别为92.86%、87.50%和95.00%,明显高于X线检查(P<0.05)。结论:乳腺癌患者腋窝淋巴结转移受分化程度、病灶组织类型、脉管浸润、Ki-67表达的影响;相较于X线,CT诊断腋窝淋巴结转移的价值较高。

超声特征及免疫组化标志物对乳腺癌新辅助治疗后腋窝淋巴结病理完全缓解的预测价值

目的探讨超声特征及免疫组化标志物对乳腺癌新辅助治疗(NAT)后腋窝淋巴结病理完全缓解(pCR)的预测价值。方法回顾性分析2020年1月~2023年9月南通市肿瘤医院收治的伴腋窝淋巴结转移(ALNM)的140例乳腺癌患者的临床资料,所有患者均接受NAT+手术切除+腋窝淋巴清扫。根据腋窝淋巴结病理结果将患者分为pCR组(n=53)和非pCR组(n=87),比较两组NAT前乳腺癌原发灶及腋窝淋巴结超声特征及免疫组化标志物,采用Logistic回归分析确立乳腺癌NAT后腋窝淋巴结pCR的独立预测因素,并采用ROC曲线验证其预测效能。结果两组原发灶纵横比、Adler血流分级,腋窝淋巴结短径、长短径比值、皮髓质分界、形态、彩色多普勒血流成像血流信号,HER-2及Ki-67的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,腋窝淋巴结长短径比值≥2、腋窝淋巴结形态Ⅰ~Ⅱ型、腋窝淋巴结无彩色多普勒血流成像血流信号、HER-2阳性及Ki-67高表达是乳腺癌NAT后腋窝淋巴结p CR的独立预测因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线显示,联合诊断的预测效能最高,曲线下面积为0.739(95%CI:0.643~0.812),敏感度为68.42%,特异度为75.34%。结论超声特征及免疫组化标志物对乳腺癌NAT后腋窝淋巴结pCR具有一定的预测价值。

乳腺癌患者新辅助化疗后腋窝淋巴结阴性相关因素及预后价值分析

目的分析乳腺癌患者新辅助化疗(NAC)后腋窝淋巴结阴性的相关因素及预后价值。方法收集2011年1月至2021年12月在嘉兴市妇幼保健院接受NAC并行乳腺癌根治性手术的179例乳腺癌患者的临床资料,根据NAC后腋窝淋巴结状态分为阴性组(74例)和阳性组(105例)。比较两组患者临床资料,采用多因素logistic回归分析患者NAC后腋窝淋巴结阴性的影响因素。绘制Kaplan-Meier生存曲线,探讨NAC后腋窝淋巴结状态与预后的关系。结果两组患者年龄、BMI、月经状态、初始肿块最大径、肿块位置、病理类型、孕激素受体状态、ki-67表达、人表皮生长因子受体2状态和化疗方案等比较,差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05);初始腋窝淋巴结阴性(P<0.001)、雌激素受体(ER)阴性(P=0.027)、NAC后乳房病理学完全缓解(pCR)(P<0.001)是NAC后腋窝淋巴结阴性的独立影响因素。阴性组较阳性组有更高的5年无复发生存率(84.2%和67.5%,P<0.01)和5年总生存率(93.7%和77.7%,P<0.01)。结论初始腋窝淋巴结阴性、ER阴性、NAC后乳房p CR的患者,其NAC后腋窝淋巴结阴性可能性高,提示可采用腋窝前哨淋巴结活检来评估腋窝状态。NAC后腋窝淋巴结状态可能成为预测乳腺癌患者预后的重要指标。

X线联合超声Logistic模型预测乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结转移的价值分析

目的分析与乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结转移相关的X线和超声征象,构建Logistic回归模型并评估其对术前预测腋窝淋巴结状态的临床价值。方法选取2015年1月至2022年1月高密市人民医院收治的312例原发性乳腺癌患者作为研究对象,根据是否发生腋窝淋巴结转移(ALNM)分为转移组(n=141)与未转移组(n=171)。所有患者均行X线及超声检查,比较未转移组与转移组乳腺浸润性导管癌的X线征象、超声征象,采用多因素Logistic回归分析ALNM的影响因素;绘制ROC曲线分析X线、超神征象及Logistic回归模型预测乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结转移的价值。结果两组X线原发灶长径、皮肤增厚、乳头回缩、淋巴结门和淋巴结密度比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组象限位置、钙化和边缘毛刺比较差异无统计学意义;两组超声原发灶长径、淋巴结皮髓质分界和淋巴结皮质比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组原发灶高回声晕、后场回声、血流分级和纵横比比较差异无统计学意义。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,X线征象的乳房皮肤增厚征象、超声淋巴结皮质增厚征象是乳腺浸润性导管癌患者发生ALNM的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,X线乳房皮肤增厚征象和超声征象的淋巴结皮质增厚预测淋巴结转移的AUC分别为0.652(95%CI:0.589~0.714)、0.725(95%CI:0.666~0.784),模型预测ALNM的AUC为0.795(95%CI:0.742~0.848),预测效能较好。结论乳腺癌患者的X线皮肤增厚征象和超声腋窝淋巴结皮质增厚征象与ALNM有关,X线联合超声的Logistic模型可较准确地预测乳腺癌患者的腋窝淋巴结状态。

XIAP、Smac表达与乳腺癌新辅助化疗后腋窝阳性淋巴结病理完全缓解及预后的相关性

目的 探究抑制X染色体连锁的凋亡抑制蛋白(XIAP)、第二个线粒体衍生的半胱氨酸蛋白酶激活剂(Smac)表达与乳腺癌新辅助化疗(NACT)后腋窝淋巴结(ALN)阳性病理完全缓解(pCR)及预后的相关性。方法 选取2019年6月至2021年6月期间唐山市妇幼保健院收治的195例乳腺癌ALN阳性患者纳入乳腺癌组,所有患者均进行NACT,NACT前所有患者均进行活检穿刺取病灶组织。另同期选取195例经进行乳腺活检穿刺,且病理证实为良性乳腺结节的患者,纳入对照组。采用免疫组化法检测患者XIAP、Smac表达水平。根据乳腺癌患者NACT疗效分为pCR组及非pCR组,收集患者临床资料,采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归模型分析NACT后ALN阳性患者非pCR的影响因素,采用Kaplan Meier法分析不同XIAP、Smac表达情况患者的生存预后情况。结果 乳腺癌组病灶组织XIAP低表达占比低于对照组,Smac低表达高于对照组(P<0.05);195例患中72例患者NACT后pCR,pCR发生率为36.92%;非pCR组AJCCⅢ期、原发病灶直径>3.5 cm、ALN数量≥4个、ALN pN1~pN2期、XIAP高表达及Smac低表达占比均高于pCR组(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析模型结果显示,AJCCⅢ期、ALN数量≥4个、ALN pN1~pN2期、XIAP高表达及Smac低表达是乳腺癌患者NACT后ALN阳性非pCR的独立危险因素(P<0.05,OR>1);乳腺癌患者随访时间12~36个月,中位随访时间26个月,Kaplan Meier生存分析显示,XIAP低表达者3年累积生存率为94.9%,高于XIAP高表达者的90.4%(Log rank χ^(2)=4.931,P=0.026);Smac低表达者3年累积生存率为89.8%,低于Smac高表达的94.0%(Log rank χ^(2)=4.534,P=0.033)。结论 乳腺癌ALN阳性患者组织中XIAP异常高表达,Smac异常低表达,XIAP高表达及Smac低表达是乳腺癌患者NACT后ALN阳性非pCR的独立危险因素,XIAP低表达、Smac高表达患者生存率更高,预后更好。

基于数字化乳腺X线影像组学预测浸润性乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结转移的多中心研究

目的:探讨基于多中心数字化乳腺X线影像组学预测浸润性乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结转移的临床应用价值。方法:回顾性搜集728例经病理证实的浸润性乳腺癌患者,按照7:3的比例将皖南医学院第一附属医院弋矶山医院413例浸润性乳腺癌患者随机拆分为训练组289例(淋巴结转移阴性197例,淋巴结转移阳性92例)和验证组124例(淋巴结转移阴性85例,淋巴结转移阳性39例),将阜阳市人民医院和太和县人民医院浸润性乳腺癌患者共计315例(淋巴结转移阴性221例,淋巴结转移阳性94例)作为外部测试组。对比分析双乳内外斜位(MLO)和头尾位(CC)图像,选取病变面积较大的数字化乳腺X线图像使用深睿医疗多模态科研平台进行图像分割及影像组学特征提取,采用特征间线性相关性分析与最小绝对收缩和选择算法(LASSO)对组学特征进行降维并使用支持向量机(SVM)分类器构建影像组学预测模型。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线和决策曲线分析(DCA)评价模型性能。结果:最终筛选出8个影像组学特征构建预测模型用于预测浸润性乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结转移,该模型的预测效能在训练组、验证组和外部测试组分别为0.807、0.790和0.753,敏感度、特异度分别为84.8%和61.4%、79.5%和69.4%、44.7%和92.8%。决策曲线证实了该模型的临床实用性。结论:基于数字化乳腺X线影像组学对浸润性乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结转移的预测具有较高效能,对患者制定个性化的治疗方案和预后评估有着重要的临床应用价值。