基于AD与TRIZ的加工中心主轴松拉刀机构优化设计

数控加工中心在加工过程中常出现主轴松刀力不足或无法松刀的现象。针对此问题,通过TRIZ系统组件分析明确现有松拉刀机构各组件间作用关系,利用因果链分析得出影响松刀的根本原因,最终应用TRIZ理论中的物场模型分析方法和AD独立性原理提出优化设计方案。根据新方案计算出实际工况下的主轴松刀力和螺杆强度,并对松刀杆进行建模和仿真。结果表明:最大位移量为6.995μm,最大应力为45.24 MPa,符合结构设计要求。最后,经过现场实物测试,当液压力为5 MPa时,松刀行程、松刀力以及打刀量均符合生产要求,验证了优化设计方案的合理性。

集成AHP-AD-TOPSIS的儿童家具产品设计路径研究

时代发展与技术进步促使越来越多儿童家具产品涌入市场,本研究集成AHP-AD-TOPSIS理论于儿童家具产品设计研发中,以开发更具人性化与个性化儿童家具产品,提升其市场竞争力。首先,通过多种渠道用户调研挖掘儿童家具产品初始用户需求,并运用AHP法计算用户需求权重值;其次,基于AD理论独立性公理和信息公理将权重较高用户需求进行设计参数映射,逐步判断设计合理性与最优解,寻求儿童家具产品最优工程技术参数,以此进行方案设计;最后,集成AHP-TOPSIS模型对儿童家具设计方案进行客观评价,充分验证设计方案可行性及设计路径科学性。结果表明,基于AHP-AD的儿童学习桌设计方案均优于市场上已有样本产品。该研究路径可提高儿童家具产品开发流程的系统性,增强儿童对家具产品使用体验,并可为儿童家具产品设计研发提供参考路径。

SELF-ORGANIZED SEMANTIC FEATURE EVOLUTION FOR AXIOMATIC DESIGN

Aiming at the problem existing in the computer aided design process that how to express the design intents with high-level engineering terminologies, a mechanical product self-organized semantic feature evolution technology for axiomatic design is proposed, so that the constraint relations between mechanical parts could be expressed in a semantic form which is more suitable for designers. By describing the evolution rules for semantic constraint information, the abstract expression of design semantics in mechanical product evolution process is realized and the constraint relations between parts are mapped to the geometric level from the semantic level; With semantic feature relation graph, the abstract semantic description, the semantic relative structure and the semantic constraint information are linked together; And the methods of semantic feature self-organized evolution are classified. Finally, combining a design example of domestic high-speed elevator, how to apply the theory to practical product development is illustrated and this method and its validity is described and verified. According to the study results, the designers are able to represent the design intents at an advanced semantic level in a more intuitional and natural way and the automation, recursion and visualization for mechanical product axiomatic design are also realized.

Method for Functional Design of Axiomatic Design Based on Connections

Axiomatic design（AD） is a popular design method,and satisfying the independence axiom is the basis of AD.However,AD doesn＇t provide methods to decompose functions then keep them independent and to handle coupled design.A few of ways of handling coupled design are mainly passive resolutions when coupled design exists,but not efficient to each product design.Hence,this paper presents an innovative approach to design and decompose functions of complex products based on functional connections,aiming at actively avoiding functional coupling.By contrasting with component networks,four kinds of relations among functions are identified,including spatial,energy,material,and information connection.Then the definitions of these relations and the dominant connection are given.Based on the definitions,the principles of functional decomposition and design are developed,in which each non-leaf function is broken into sub functions centered on its dominant connection with avoidance of functional cross and coupling,and sequentially satisfies the independence axiom.Then the operational flow of the proposed approach is constructed.Determining the dominant connection of a function,decomposing the function into sub functions in terms of the dominant connection and reverse examination and optimization are planed as the core steps in each zigzagging.Input process output（IPO） analysis is introduced to obtain the dominant connection of a function,some rules for examining and optimizing the decomposition results reversely according to oriented object theory are presented as well.An illustrative example about the pouring function of squeeze casting equipments presented demonstrates how to use the proposed approach,and indicates its effectiveness.The proposed approach expands the principles of AD,constructs a guidance policy for independent functional design of complex products based on AD,and can help decrease or actively avoid coupled design and improve design efficiency.

New Hybrid AD Methodology for Minimizing the Total Amount of Information Content:A Case Study of Rehabilitation Robot Design

Converting customer needs into specific forms and providing consumers with services are crucial in product design.Currently,conversion is no longer difficult due to the development of modern technology,and various measures can be applied for product realization,thus increasing the complexity of analysis and evaluation in the design process.The focus of the design process has thus shifted from problem solving to minimizing the total amount of information content.This paper presents a New Hybrid Axiomatic Design(AD)Methodology based on iteratively matching and merging design parameters that meet the independence axiom and attribute constraints by applying trimming technology,the ideal final results,and technology evolution theory.The proposed method minimizes the total amount of information content and improves the design quality.Finally,a case study of a rehabilitation robot design for hemiplegic patients is presented.The results indicate that the iterative matching and merging of related attributes can minimize the total amount of information content,reduce the cost,and improve design efficiency.Additionally,evolutionary technology prediction can ensure product novelty and improve market competitiveness.The methodology provides an excellent way to design a new(or improved)product.

基于TRIZ和AD理论的刺梨采摘机设计研究

目前,刺梨生产采摘环节还没有刺梨采摘机。为此,围绕刺梨采摘机构设计问题,利用TRIZ理论的屏幕分析法对刺梨采摘进行系统分析,从中发现解决问题的竹耙方案原型,并对竹耙的工作原理进行分析,进行衍生迭代设计,提出了耙型结构采摘机的初步方案。应用AD公理设计理论对初步方案的采摘机制和保护机制进行分析,建立了设计方程,判断设计方程的耦合性。最后,利用TRIZ理论的物场模型进行解耦,让设计方程符合公理设计的独立性原则,从而保证了刺梨采摘机械结构设计的可靠性和可行性。

Integration of axiomatic design and theory of inventive problem solving for conceptual design

Axiomatic design (AD) and theory of inventive problem solving (TRIZ) are widely used in conceptual design. Both of them have limitations, however. We presented an integrated model of these two methods to increase the efficiency and quality of the problem solving process for conceptual design. AD is used for systematically defining and structuring a problem into a hierarchy. Sometimes, the design matrix is coupled in AD which indicates the functional requirements are coupled. TRIZ separation principles can be used to separate non-independent design parameters, which provide innovative solutions at each hierarchical level. We applied the integrated model to the heating and drying equipment of bitumen reproduction device. The result verifies that the integrated model can work very well in conceptual design.

A Wireless Sensor Network Ad-Hoc Designed as Anti-Theft Alarm System for Photovoltaic Panels

Photovoltaic (PV) systems have attracted increasing attention in last years as well as Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), which have been used in many application fields. In PV plants, especially in ground installations, a lot of thefts and damages occur due to the still high cost of the modules. A new experimental WSN ad-hoc has been designed to be an anti-theft alarm system. Each node of the network is directly installed under each PV string and it is equipped with an accelerometer sensor capable to detect a minimum displacement of the panel from its steady position. The WSN presents a star topology: a master node cyclically interrogates the slave nodes through RF link. It collects all the nodes responses and communicates though a RS-232 interface with a control PC checking the network status. When a slave node detects an alarm, continuous messages are sent to the control PC which turns on all the alarm signaling systems. The control PC is equipped with an open source operative system and software and provides for SMS, e-mail and sound-light signaling in case of alarm. It also communicates with a remote server where all the WSN information is stored. A first low cost experimental WSN has been already installed and it is working properly.

Application of axiomatic approach to coal mine design field

Two design axioms and axiomatic approach were discussed. As an example of application, design process of a new style single prop was illustrated in term of axi- oms.

3-16 Radiological Safety Analyses of Spallation Target in Designed China ADS

Spallation target represents one of the most challenging components in accelerator driven systems (ADS) sinceit is the component coupling the accelerator and the sub-critical core. It is subjected to bombardment of intenseproton beam and very high thermal load in a strong radiation field. The irradiated LBE target poses severe handlingproblems for the maintenance staff and other scientists due to its residual activity[1]. To assist the design of ADS, thegeneral radiological safety aspects of lead, lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) and tungsten spallation target were studiedwith MCNPX 2.7 code[2]. The spallation target was irradiated by a 250 MeV, 10 mA proton beam produced bya linear proton accelerator. The neutron yield, neutron spectrum, residual production and time evolution for theirradiated target were analyzed.

Axiomatic Design of Micro Quartz Rate Sensor

Quartz rate sensors （QRS） made out of one single piece of quartz crystal are inertial devices which can be used for general rate control, stabilization, automotive and aerospace/defense markets, etc. The mechanical design of the QRS has been investigated based on axiomatic design. The axiomatic design matrix of the mechanical structure of Coriolis Vibratory Gyroscopes （CVG） has been proposed. The mechanical function of QRS is divided into three Function Requirements （FR） , i. e. , FR1 is the drive mode, FR2 is the sense mode, FR3 is a coupled connection where the Coriolis force can couple the two modes with a term proportional to the rotational rate. A new QRS which is easy to be fabricated has been put forward. Furthermore, the new QRS indicated that the axiomatic design is a help to functional design of products.

高速多通道并行AD采集卡的设计思路构架实践

在高速多通道并行AD采集卡设计过程中,需要根据数据采集系统的要求,明确高速多通道并行数据采集的具体需求,分析高速多通道并行AD采集卡的设计思路,同时准确掌握高速多通道并行AD采集卡架构的实际应用,以期为类似数据采集卡设计提供一定参考。

基于Kriging的多阶段加点策略及离心叶轮汽蚀优化

为了实现燃油离心泵汽蚀特性智能优化设计,提出一种基于Kriging的多阶段主动学习加点策略。重点是建立3个阶段的加点策略,并明确各阶段加点策略的切换判据。基于一维函数、多维函数等测试函数,与单加点策略对比以验证多阶段主动学习加点策略的有效性。进而,以某型燃油离心泵为例,完成所提出加点策略在其汽蚀特性的优化应用。测试函数算例结果表明:多阶段主动学习加点策略达到相同精度所需时间稍长于单MSE策略,优于单EI策略与单CV策略;但相比单MSE策略,全局最优解局部精度更高。离心泵汽蚀特性优化结果表明:优化泵进口处压力损失降低且进口处回流、旋涡等局部流动减弱,蜗壳内压力梯度增大且其出口处旋涡流动减弱;优化泵的汽蚀系数提高30.83%,汽蚀余量下降9.14%,汽蚀比转数下降7.17%,泵内气体含量下降17.27%,所提出的方法有效地提高了离心泵的抗汽蚀性能。

基于TRIZ与AD的海草夹苗机械手概念创新设计及可靠性研究

利用发明问题解决理论(Theory of innovation problem solving,TRIZ)与公理设计(Axiomatic design,AD)的集成技术,建立了基于两者的概念设计过程模型。首先,在约束条件下,运用TRIZ和AD来完成产品功能-结构的映射,构造并求解出其原始的设计矩阵;然后,基于公理化设计理论判断原始矩阵是否耦合,若不是耦合矩阵则产生创新方案,若是耦合矩阵,则利用TRIZ工具集将实际问题转化为TRIZ标准参数,以达到消除耦合的目的。为了验证海草夹苗机械手设计方案的可行性,利用ADAMS将优选的方案进行虚拟仿真。最后,利用加权线性响应面法,对夹苗机械手关键零部件进行可靠性分析,以求出相应的可靠度值,该值验证了设计结果的可靠性。

基于TRIZ和AD的集成创新设计模型及其应用

结合TRIZ理论和AD理论的优势,建立了面向功能的新产品集成创新设计模型,以AD理论的产品设计流程为主线,由用户域映射得到产品的功能域,优先应用功能导向搜索查询、类比其他领域的产品工作原理、结构及效应,以TRIZ的最终理想解(IFR)及进化法则指导AD的功能分解,应用TRIZ工具进行解耦设计,并应用AD信息公理进行方案评价筛选。基于该模型进行了秸秆粉碎成型一体机的创新概念设计,验证了模型的可行性。

布料包装设备中翻折机构的结构设计与运动分析

为解决中小型染整企业需要机械设备实现布料包装的问题,利用公理化设计理论,根据用户需求解析其布料包装设备中翻折机构的功能要求和结构设计要素。通过耦合设计分析提出符合独立性公理的机构设计方案。选取右侧由曲柄滑块机构与凸轮机构串联而成的六杆机构作为设计对象,利用位移矩阵法得到曲柄滑块机构尺寸,解析滑块位置与曲柄转角的关系。同时,分别选用等速运动规律和正弦加速度运动规律设计推程阶段廓线和回程廓线。此外,对翻折机构进行运动仿真得到翻折板的角位移、角速度和角加速曲线。研究表明,翻折板的运动特性满足设计要求并符合实际需求。

移动Ad Hoc网络的跨层优化拥塞控制

基于网络协议层框架充分分析了TCP应用到Ad Hoc网络导致性能下降的原因,包括:物理层中易损耗的无线信道,MAC层中的过度竞争和不公平接入,网络层中节点移动引起的频繁路由失效,传输层中TCP采用的不合适机制,包括基于窗口的传输、基于数据包丢失的拥塞指示,拥塞窗口的慢启动和AIMD、对ACK自定时的依赖;提出了全新的适合Ad Hoc网络特性的跨层优化拥塞控制协议CCOC(cross-layer optimal congestion control).CCOC运用了跨层设计框架来改进MAC层的接入信道公平性、检测虚假链路失效、减少路由失效次数、加快路由切换后的重启动、运用SACK实现可靠传输和实施非线性优化论指导设计的自适应优化策略;描述了CCOC的协议体系结构;实施了详细的NS仿真实验,仿真结果表明,在几乎所有的仿真场景和移动环境下,CCOC比TCP和ATCP在许多重要性能指标,如吞吐量和公平性方面都有了明显的改进.

基于AD理论的机器人磨抛生产设备造型设计研究

为探索数控机床类产品造型设计流程规范,使最终设计符合制造工艺要求,满足造型美观、使用人性化、开发成本低等目标,尝试应用AD理论,将用户需求转换成工程设计的描述语言,并设置相应的过程控制参数对造型设计进行约束。以机器人磨抛生产线造型设计为例,对数控机床类产品的造型设计流程模型进行研究,使设计结果更符合制造工艺,提高加工可实行性,降低开发和制造成本,并体现数控机床的美学特征。