Ring hoop tension test and tube bulging test were carried out at elevated temperatures up to 480 ℃to evaluate the formability of AZ31B extruded tube for internal high pressure forming （IHPF） process. The total elon...Ring hoop tension test and tube bulging test were carried out at elevated temperatures up to 480 ℃to evaluate the formability of AZ31B extruded tube for internal high pressure forming （IHPF） process. The total elongation along hoop direction and the maximum expansion ratio （MER） of the tube were obtained. The fracture surface after bursting was also analyzed. The results show that the total elongation along hoop direction and the MER value have a similar changing tendency as the testing temperature increases, which is quite different from the total elongation along axial direction. Both the total elongation along hoop direction and the MER value increase to a peak value at about 160 ℃. After that, they begin to decrease quickly until a certain rebounding temperature is reached. From the rebounding temperature, they begin to increase rapidly again. Burnt structure appears on the fracture surface when tested at temperatures higher than 420 ℃. Therefore, the forming temperature of the tested tube should be lower than 420 ℃, even though bigger formability can be achieved at higher temperature.展开更多
To evaluate the implication of methymalonic acid (MMA) in the early diagnosis of neural tube defects (NTD), a quantitative assay for MMA was established by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with stable isoto...To evaluate the implication of methymalonic acid (MMA) in the early diagnosis of neural tube defects (NTD), a quantitative assay for MMA was established by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with stable isotope of MMA as an internal standard. Amniotic fluid and maternal urine MMA concentration, maternal serum folate, red blood cell folate and vitamin B 12 levels were measured in the middle term of NTD-affected and normal pregnancies. Amniotic fluid and maternal urine MMA concentrations in the middle term of NTD affected pregnancies (1.4±0.9 μmol/L, and 22.1±12.6 nmol/μmol creatinine) were significantly higher than that of normal pregnancies (1.0±0.4μmol/L, and 2.5±1.1 nmol/μmol creatinine). There was no significant difference between normal and NTD pregnancies for serum folate, red blood cell folate and vitamin B 12 levels. The results suggested that MMAs in amniotic fluid and maternal urine are sensitive markers for early diagnosis of NTD. Vitamin B 12 is an active cofactor involved in the remethylation of homocycteine and its deficiency is an independent risk factor for NTD. MMA is a specific and sensitive marker for intracellular vitamin B 12 deficiency. This study suggests that it is necessary to monitor the vitamin B 12 deficiency and advocates vitamin B 12 supplementation with folate prevention program.展开更多
In order to design a kind of heat exchanger suitable to the indirect-touched gas hydrate cool storage vessel, a visual observation of HCFC141b gas hydrate formation/decomposition process was presented through a self-d...In order to design a kind of heat exchanger suitable to the indirect-touched gas hydrate cool storage vessel, a visual observation of HCFC141b gas hydrate formation/decomposition process was presented through a self-designed small-scale visualization apparatus of gas hydrate cool storage. Based on the shooted photos and recorded temperatures, the formation/decomposition process of HCFC141b are described, some characteristics are concluded, and some suggestions of designing heat exchanger are indicated according to the specific characteristics of HCFC141b gas hydrate formation/decomposition process.展开更多
UV-B辐射对植物的形态建成有着重要的作用,并且随着地表UV-B辐射的加剧也必将对作物产生影响。本研究通过测定株高、节距、叶面积和根冠比等几个重要的形态指标,分析在增强UV-B辐射条件下马铃薯不同品种的形态响应差异,为综合评价UV-B...UV-B辐射对植物的形态建成有着重要的作用,并且随着地表UV-B辐射的加剧也必将对作物产生影响。本研究通过测定株高、节距、叶面积和根冠比等几个重要的形态指标,分析在增强UV-B辐射条件下马铃薯不同品种的形态响应差异,为综合评价UV-B辐射对马铃薯的影响和耐受性品种选育奠定基础。试验以4个普通和3个彩色马铃薯品种(系)为材料,采用自然光照(CK)和2个增强的UV-B辐射[2.5 k J?m-2?d-1(T1)、5.0 k J?m-2?d-1(T2)]进行处理,分别于处理15 d、30 d和45 d时测定株高、节距、叶面积和比叶重,收获时测定根冠比。最后得出几个形态指标的响应指数(RI),并以累积胁迫响应指数(CSRI)对试验品种的耐受性做出评价。结果显示:在增强UV-B辐射处理后,多数品种呈现株高降低、节距缩短、叶面积减小、比叶重增加的一致性变化趋势,且随着处理强度的增加和时间延长,处理与对照间的差异愈加显著。各品种对UV-B辐射的形态响应存在显著差异,普通品种的株高、节距、叶面积受UV-B辐射抑制较为明显,地上部分的生物量减幅较大,如‘合作88’地上部分(鲜重)RI值在T1、T2处理下分别为-60.28、-70.44,‘丽薯6号’则为-58.61、-66.44;彩色品种受到的影响较小,‘转心乌’地上部分RI值分别为107.75、21.4,‘21-1’为41.49、-45.72。随着地上生物量增长受到显著抑制,地下部分特别是根系也受到明显的影响,普通与彩色品种间根系RI值的变化规律与地上部分一致。由于地上部分生物量的减幅更显著,各品种(系)的根冠比均比对照增大(T2)。T1、T2处理下5个品种的CSRI值显示‘合作88’(-133.35、-240.85)与‘丽薯6号’(-104.09、-160.2)在增强的UV-B辐射处理下形态特征受到了显著的抑制;彩色品种(系)‘转心乌’(275.97、51.26)、‘21-1’(96.8、-142.17)比普通品种‘合作88’、‘丽薯6号’受到的影响相对较小,显示具有一定的UV-B辐射耐受性。展开更多
基金Project(50805033)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(E200804)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China
文摘Ring hoop tension test and tube bulging test were carried out at elevated temperatures up to 480 ℃to evaluate the formability of AZ31B extruded tube for internal high pressure forming （IHPF） process. The total elongation along hoop direction and the maximum expansion ratio （MER） of the tube were obtained. The fracture surface after bursting was also analyzed. The results show that the total elongation along hoop direction and the MER value have a similar changing tendency as the testing temperature increases, which is quite different from the total elongation along axial direction. Both the total elongation along hoop direction and the MER value increase to a peak value at about 160 ℃. After that, they begin to decrease quickly until a certain rebounding temperature is reached. From the rebounding temperature, they begin to increase rapidly again. Burnt structure appears on the fracture surface when tested at temperatures higher than 420 ℃. Therefore, the forming temperature of the tested tube should be lower than 420 ℃, even though bigger formability can be achieved at higher temperature.
基金ThisworkwassupportedbytheNationalScienceFundforDistin guishedYoungScholarsfromtheNaturalScienceFoundationofChi na (No .30 12 5 0 19) ,andtheClinicalKeySubjectsfromtheMin istryofHealthofChina (No .970 2 4 0 )
文摘To evaluate the implication of methymalonic acid (MMA) in the early diagnosis of neural tube defects (NTD), a quantitative assay for MMA was established by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with stable isotope of MMA as an internal standard. Amniotic fluid and maternal urine MMA concentration, maternal serum folate, red blood cell folate and vitamin B 12 levels were measured in the middle term of NTD-affected and normal pregnancies. Amniotic fluid and maternal urine MMA concentrations in the middle term of NTD affected pregnancies (1.4±0.9 μmol/L, and 22.1±12.6 nmol/μmol creatinine) were significantly higher than that of normal pregnancies (1.0±0.4μmol/L, and 2.5±1.1 nmol/μmol creatinine). There was no significant difference between normal and NTD pregnancies for serum folate, red blood cell folate and vitamin B 12 levels. The results suggested that MMAs in amniotic fluid and maternal urine are sensitive markers for early diagnosis of NTD. Vitamin B 12 is an active cofactor involved in the remethylation of homocycteine and its deficiency is an independent risk factor for NTD. MMA is a specific and sensitive marker for intracellular vitamin B 12 deficiency. This study suggests that it is necessary to monitor the vitamin B 12 deficiency and advocates vitamin B 12 supplementation with folate prevention program.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50176051, No. 59836230)the Satate Key Development Program for Basic Research of China (No. 2000026306).
文摘In order to design a kind of heat exchanger suitable to the indirect-touched gas hydrate cool storage vessel, a visual observation of HCFC141b gas hydrate formation/decomposition process was presented through a self-designed small-scale visualization apparatus of gas hydrate cool storage. Based on the shooted photos and recorded temperatures, the formation/decomposition process of HCFC141b are described, some characteristics are concluded, and some suggestions of designing heat exchanger are indicated according to the specific characteristics of HCFC141b gas hydrate formation/decomposition process.
文摘UV-B辐射对植物的形态建成有着重要的作用,并且随着地表UV-B辐射的加剧也必将对作物产生影响。本研究通过测定株高、节距、叶面积和根冠比等几个重要的形态指标,分析在增强UV-B辐射条件下马铃薯不同品种的形态响应差异,为综合评价UV-B辐射对马铃薯的影响和耐受性品种选育奠定基础。试验以4个普通和3个彩色马铃薯品种(系)为材料,采用自然光照(CK)和2个增强的UV-B辐射[2.5 k J?m-2?d-1(T1)、5.0 k J?m-2?d-1(T2)]进行处理,分别于处理15 d、30 d和45 d时测定株高、节距、叶面积和比叶重,收获时测定根冠比。最后得出几个形态指标的响应指数(RI),并以累积胁迫响应指数(CSRI)对试验品种的耐受性做出评价。结果显示:在增强UV-B辐射处理后,多数品种呈现株高降低、节距缩短、叶面积减小、比叶重增加的一致性变化趋势,且随着处理强度的增加和时间延长,处理与对照间的差异愈加显著。各品种对UV-B辐射的形态响应存在显著差异,普通品种的株高、节距、叶面积受UV-B辐射抑制较为明显,地上部分的生物量减幅较大,如‘合作88’地上部分(鲜重)RI值在T1、T2处理下分别为-60.28、-70.44,‘丽薯6号’则为-58.61、-66.44;彩色品种受到的影响较小,‘转心乌’地上部分RI值分别为107.75、21.4,‘21-1’为41.49、-45.72。随着地上生物量增长受到显著抑制,地下部分特别是根系也受到明显的影响,普通与彩色品种间根系RI值的变化规律与地上部分一致。由于地上部分生物量的减幅更显著,各品种(系)的根冠比均比对照增大(T2)。T1、T2处理下5个品种的CSRI值显示‘合作88’(-133.35、-240.85)与‘丽薯6号’(-104.09、-160.2)在增强的UV-B辐射处理下形态特征受到了显著的抑制;彩色品种(系)‘转心乌’(275.97、51.26)、‘21-1’(96.8、-142.17)比普通品种‘合作88’、‘丽薯6号’受到的影响相对较小,显示具有一定的UV-B辐射耐受性。
