目的分析健康体检时进行宫颈渗液肿瘤细胞原血红素a/b/c检测筛查结果,并验证检测方法的有效性。方法某体检中心对19970名女性进行健康体检,有关项目包括常规妇科检查、组织渗液、肿瘤细胞原血红素a/b/c检测,阳性病例再进行TCT检查及病...目的分析健康体检时进行宫颈渗液肿瘤细胞原血红素a/b/c检测筛查结果,并验证检测方法的有效性。方法某体检中心对19970名女性进行健康体检,有关项目包括常规妇科检查、组织渗液、肿瘤细胞原血红素a/b/c检测,阳性病例再进行TCT检查及病理学检查。结果以病理学检查作为诊断标准,检出宫颈癌10例,检出率为0.05%。另外,以TCT检查作为诊断标准,检出宫颈上皮内瘤样病变1859例(其中CIN III 151例、CIN II 432例、CIN I 1276例),检出率为9.32%。结论肿瘤细胞原血红素a/b/c检测是宫颈癌筛查的适宜技术,在健康体检人群中开展宫颈癌筛查具有明显的实用价值。展开更多
AIM: To conduct a cohort study of 101 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presenting to a tertiary care medical referral center in Germany between 1997 and 1999. METHODS AND RESULTS: Data were retrospectively...AIM: To conduct a cohort study of 101 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presenting to a tertiary care medical referral center in Germany between 1997 and 1999. METHODS AND RESULTS: Data were retrospectively analyzed by chart review. In 95 cases (72 males and 23 females) sufficient data were available for analysis. Twenty five (29%) of 85 patients were HBsAg or anti HBc positive, 21/85 (25%) were anti HCV positive, and 6/85 (7%) were positive for both HBV and HCV-markers. Age was significantly lower in HBV positive patients than in the other two groups. Thirty one (34%) of 90 patients had histories of alcohol abuse. In 79/94 (84%) patients, cirrhosis was diagnosed. Of these cirrhotic patients, 29/79 (37%) belonged to Child Pugh's group (CHILD) A, 32/79 (40%) to CHILD B, and 18/79 (23%) to CHILD C. AFP was elevated in 61/91 (67%) patients. A single tumor nodule was found in 38/94 (40%), more than one nodule in 31/94 (34%), and 25/94 (26%) had a diffusely infiltrating tumor, i.e. the tumor margins could not be seen on imaging procedures. Portal vein thrombosis was present in 19/94 (20%). Imaging data consistent with lymph node metastases were found in 10/92 (11%), while distant metastases were found in 8/93 (9%). According to Okuda 28/94 (30%) were grouped to stage I, 53/94 (56%) were grouped to stage II, and 13/94 (14%) were grouped to stage II. Survival data were available for 83 patients. The Kaplan-Meier estimate for median survival was 8 4 months. Factors influencing survival were the Okuda score, the presence of portal vein thrombosis, and the presence of ascites. The presence of non complicated liver cirrhosis by itself, distant metastases, or infection with hepatitis viruses did not influence survival. AFP positivity by itself did not influence survival, though patients with an AFP value greater than 100 microg/L did experience shortened survival. Treatment besides tamoxifen or supportive care was associated with prolonged survival. The influence of therapy on survival was most pronounced in Okuda stage II patients. There was longer survival in those Okuda stage II patients who were treated with percutaneous ethanol injection. CONCLUSION: Even in a low incidence area such as Germany, the majority of HCC is caused by viral hepatitis and therefore potentially preventable. Reflecting the high proportion of advanced stage tumors in our patients, the median survival was poor. Patients who received active therapy had a longer survival.展开更多
对半蒴苣苔属（Hemiboea C.B.Clarke）植物半蒴苣苔（H.henryi C.B.Clarke）、贵州半蒴苣苔（H.cavaleriei H.Lév.）、疏脉半蒴苣苔（H.cavaleriei var.paucinervis W.T.Wang et Z.Y.Li ex Z.Y.Li）、华南半蒴苣苔（H.follicularis...对半蒴苣苔属（Hemiboea C.B.Clarke）植物半蒴苣苔（H.henryi C.B.Clarke）、贵州半蒴苣苔（H.cavaleriei H.Lév.）、疏脉半蒴苣苔（H.cavaleriei var.paucinervis W.T.Wang et Z.Y.Li ex Z.Y.Li）、华南半蒴苣苔（H.follicularis C.B.Clarke）和红苞半蒴苣苔（H.rubribracteata Z.Y.Li et Yan Liu）叶片的光合特性进行了分析和比较。结果表明：5种植物的光合参数及其日变化曲线、光响应参数〔（包括最大净光合速率（Pmax）、表观量子效率（AQY）、光补偿点（LCP）和光饱和点（LSP）〕、CO2响应参数〔包括CO2饱和净光合速率（CSPn）、羧化效率（CE）、CO2补偿点（CCP）和CO2饱和点（CSP）〕均有较大差异。半蒴苣苔、疏脉半蒴苣苔和红苞半蒴苣苔的净光合速率（Pn）日变化曲线均呈“单峰型”,而贵州半蒴苣苔和华南半蒴苣苔的Pn日变化曲线均呈“双峰型”且“午休”现象明显;贵州半蒴苣苔和疏脉半蒴苣苔的气孔导度（Gs）和蒸腾速率（Tr）日变化曲线均呈“单峰型”,而其他3种植物的Gs和Tr日变化曲线均类似“双峰型”;5种植物的胞间CO2浓度（Ci）日变化均呈先降后升的趋势;此外,5种植物的Pn与Gs均呈显著正相关、与Tr均呈正相关、与Ci均呈负相关。5种植物的光响应曲线和CO2响应曲线均有差异,但在光合有效辐射（PAR）低于200μmol·m^-2·s^-1环境CO2浓度（Ce）低于800μmol·moL^-1的条件下,它们的Pn均随PAR或Ce的升高急剧增加。5种植物中,贵州半蒴苣苔的Pmax最高,疏脉半蒴苣苔的CSPn最高;贵州半蒴苣苔的LCP最高（55.74μmol·m^-2·s^-1,其他4种的LCP均小于10μmol·m^-2·s^-1 5种植物的LSP均介于600-800μmol·m^-2·s^-1间,CCP介于50-150μmol·moL^-1之间,而CSP均在1 000μmol·moL^-1以上。研究结果揭示：供试5种植物均为阴生植物,但因产地生境及遗传特性差异使它们各自适应不同的光照条件,因而,在引种栽培过程中应根据各种类的光合特性采取适当的遮阳措施。展开更多
目的探讨乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)和(或)丙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis C virus,HCV)感染对肾移植受者长期存活的影响及预防措施。方法 HBV和(或)HCV感染肾移植受者110例(感染组),其中HBV感染受者56例、HCV感染受者52例,HBV与HCV合并感染2例。非HBV...目的探讨乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)和(或)丙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis C virus,HCV)感染对肾移植受者长期存活的影响及预防措施。方法 HBV和(或)HCV感染肾移植受者110例(感染组),其中HBV感染受者56例、HCV感染受者52例,HBV与HCV合并感染2例。非HBV与非HCV感染受者694例(非感染组)。感染组受者术前有病毒复制者予积极治疗,研究早期肝功能正常者可接受肾移植,后期均用聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测,要求连续3～6个月HBV脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)0copy/ml,HCV核糖核酸(RNA)0copy/ml方可接受肾移植。术后定期检测HBV与HCV,定期检测感染组受者HBVDNA滴度、HCVRNA滴度。发现HBV复制,选用拉米夫定、阿德福韦酯治疗,酌情减少免疫抑制剂用量。分别比较两组术后1、3、5年人、肾存活率,比较两组的肝功能衰竭病死率。结果非感染组人、肾存活率分别为:1年94.2%、91.4%,3年为86.4%、85.2%,5年为82.7%、78.9%;感染组人、肾存活率分别为:1年90.2%、88.1%,3年为88.9%、86.2%,5年为81.5%、76.3%;两组数据比较差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。感染组中14例(12.7%)死于肝功能衰竭,其中10例为HBV感染者,非感染组受者无1例死于肝衰竭。感染组术后肝衰竭病死率明显高于非感染组(12.7%、0,P<0.05)。结论受者术前HBV和(或)HCV感染会明显增加肾移植术后肝衰竭死亡危险。患者术前处于病毒复制期应予积极治疗,在肝炎病毒停止复制6个月后再考虑肾移植。长期随访中应定期复查HBV与HCV感染指标,早确诊、早治疗,并及时调整免疫抑制剂剂量。展开更多
文摘目的分析健康体检时进行宫颈渗液肿瘤细胞原血红素a/b/c检测筛查结果,并验证检测方法的有效性。方法某体检中心对19970名女性进行健康体检,有关项目包括常规妇科检查、组织渗液、肿瘤细胞原血红素a/b/c检测,阳性病例再进行TCT检查及病理学检查。结果以病理学检查作为诊断标准,检出宫颈癌10例,检出率为0.05%。另外,以TCT检查作为诊断标准,检出宫颈上皮内瘤样病变1859例(其中CIN III 151例、CIN II 432例、CIN I 1276例),检出率为9.32%。结论肿瘤细胞原血红素a/b/c检测是宫颈癌筛查的适宜技术,在健康体检人群中开展宫颈癌筛查具有明显的实用价值。
基金This research Was supported by a grant from Bonfor(O-107.0022)to C. Rabe
文摘AIM: To conduct a cohort study of 101 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presenting to a tertiary care medical referral center in Germany between 1997 and 1999. METHODS AND RESULTS: Data were retrospectively analyzed by chart review. In 95 cases (72 males and 23 females) sufficient data were available for analysis. Twenty five (29%) of 85 patients were HBsAg or anti HBc positive, 21/85 (25%) were anti HCV positive, and 6/85 (7%) were positive for both HBV and HCV-markers. Age was significantly lower in HBV positive patients than in the other two groups. Thirty one (34%) of 90 patients had histories of alcohol abuse. In 79/94 (84%) patients, cirrhosis was diagnosed. Of these cirrhotic patients, 29/79 (37%) belonged to Child Pugh's group (CHILD) A, 32/79 (40%) to CHILD B, and 18/79 (23%) to CHILD C. AFP was elevated in 61/91 (67%) patients. A single tumor nodule was found in 38/94 (40%), more than one nodule in 31/94 (34%), and 25/94 (26%) had a diffusely infiltrating tumor, i.e. the tumor margins could not be seen on imaging procedures. Portal vein thrombosis was present in 19/94 (20%). Imaging data consistent with lymph node metastases were found in 10/92 (11%), while distant metastases were found in 8/93 (9%). According to Okuda 28/94 (30%) were grouped to stage I, 53/94 (56%) were grouped to stage II, and 13/94 (14%) were grouped to stage II. Survival data were available for 83 patients. The Kaplan-Meier estimate for median survival was 8 4 months. Factors influencing survival were the Okuda score, the presence of portal vein thrombosis, and the presence of ascites. The presence of non complicated liver cirrhosis by itself, distant metastases, or infection with hepatitis viruses did not influence survival. AFP positivity by itself did not influence survival, though patients with an AFP value greater than 100 microg/L did experience shortened survival. Treatment besides tamoxifen or supportive care was associated with prolonged survival. The influence of therapy on survival was most pronounced in Okuda stage II patients. There was longer survival in those Okuda stage II patients who were treated with percutaneous ethanol injection. CONCLUSION: Even in a low incidence area such as Germany, the majority of HCC is caused by viral hepatitis and therefore potentially preventable. Reflecting the high proportion of advanced stage tumors in our patients, the median survival was poor. Patients who received active therapy had a longer survival.
文摘对半蒴苣苔属（Hemiboea C.B.Clarke）植物半蒴苣苔（H.henryi C.B.Clarke）、贵州半蒴苣苔（H.cavaleriei H.Lév.）、疏脉半蒴苣苔（H.cavaleriei var.paucinervis W.T.Wang et Z.Y.Li ex Z.Y.Li）、华南半蒴苣苔（H.follicularis C.B.Clarke）和红苞半蒴苣苔（H.rubribracteata Z.Y.Li et Yan Liu）叶片的光合特性进行了分析和比较。结果表明：5种植物的光合参数及其日变化曲线、光响应参数〔（包括最大净光合速率（Pmax）、表观量子效率（AQY）、光补偿点（LCP）和光饱和点（LSP）〕、CO2响应参数〔包括CO2饱和净光合速率（CSPn）、羧化效率（CE）、CO2补偿点（CCP）和CO2饱和点（CSP）〕均有较大差异。半蒴苣苔、疏脉半蒴苣苔和红苞半蒴苣苔的净光合速率（Pn）日变化曲线均呈“单峰型”,而贵州半蒴苣苔和华南半蒴苣苔的Pn日变化曲线均呈“双峰型”且“午休”现象明显;贵州半蒴苣苔和疏脉半蒴苣苔的气孔导度（Gs）和蒸腾速率（Tr）日变化曲线均呈“单峰型”,而其他3种植物的Gs和Tr日变化曲线均类似“双峰型”;5种植物的胞间CO2浓度（Ci）日变化均呈先降后升的趋势;此外,5种植物的Pn与Gs均呈显著正相关、与Tr均呈正相关、与Ci均呈负相关。5种植物的光响应曲线和CO2响应曲线均有差异,但在光合有效辐射（PAR）低于200μmol·m^-2·s^-1环境CO2浓度（Ce）低于800μmol·moL^-1的条件下,它们的Pn均随PAR或Ce的升高急剧增加。5种植物中,贵州半蒴苣苔的Pmax最高,疏脉半蒴苣苔的CSPn最高;贵州半蒴苣苔的LCP最高（55.74μmol·m^-2·s^-1,其他4种的LCP均小于10μmol·m^-2·s^-1 5种植物的LSP均介于600-800μmol·m^-2·s^-1间,CCP介于50-150μmol·moL^-1之间,而CSP均在1 000μmol·moL^-1以上。研究结果揭示：供试5种植物均为阴生植物,但因产地生境及遗传特性差异使它们各自适应不同的光照条件,因而,在引种栽培过程中应根据各种类的光合特性采取适当的遮阳措施。
文摘目的探讨乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)和(或)丙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis C virus,HCV)感染对肾移植受者长期存活的影响及预防措施。方法 HBV和(或)HCV感染肾移植受者110例(感染组),其中HBV感染受者56例、HCV感染受者52例,HBV与HCV合并感染2例。非HBV与非HCV感染受者694例(非感染组)。感染组受者术前有病毒复制者予积极治疗,研究早期肝功能正常者可接受肾移植,后期均用聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测,要求连续3～6个月HBV脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)0copy/ml,HCV核糖核酸(RNA)0copy/ml方可接受肾移植。术后定期检测HBV与HCV,定期检测感染组受者HBVDNA滴度、HCVRNA滴度。发现HBV复制,选用拉米夫定、阿德福韦酯治疗,酌情减少免疫抑制剂用量。分别比较两组术后1、3、5年人、肾存活率,比较两组的肝功能衰竭病死率。结果非感染组人、肾存活率分别为:1年94.2%、91.4%,3年为86.4%、85.2%,5年为82.7%、78.9%;感染组人、肾存活率分别为:1年90.2%、88.1%,3年为88.9%、86.2%,5年为81.5%、76.3%;两组数据比较差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。感染组中14例(12.7%)死于肝功能衰竭,其中10例为HBV感染者,非感染组受者无1例死于肝衰竭。感染组术后肝衰竭病死率明显高于非感染组(12.7%、0,P<0.05)。结论受者术前HBV和(或)HCV感染会明显增加肾移植术后肝衰竭死亡危险。患者术前处于病毒复制期应予积极治疗,在肝炎病毒停止复制6个月后再考虑肾移植。长期随访中应定期复查HBV与HCV感染指标,早确诊、早治疗,并及时调整免疫抑制剂剂量。
